CN118031531A - 一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置及方法 Download PDF

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CN118031531A
CN118031531A CN202211393503.0A CN202211393503A CN118031531A CN 118031531 A CN118031531 A CN 118031531A CN 202211393503 A CN202211393503 A CN 202211393503A CN 118031531 A CN118031531 A CN 118031531A
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oxygen
nitrogen
liquid
tower
outlet
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蒋彬
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SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO Ltd
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Abstract

本申请涉及一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置及方法,涉及空气分离提纯技术领域,其中,制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置包括冷箱,所述冷箱包括膨胀机、第一换热器、第二换热器、第一精馏塔、第二精馏塔、第三精馏塔和进气管道;所述第一精馏塔内设有第一冷凝器,所述第一精馏塔内设有第二冷凝器,所述第三精馏塔内设有再沸器;将原料气输送到第一精馏塔中,将生成的部分氮气排出,另部分氮气输送至第三精馏塔,氧气输送到第二精馏塔,氮气在第三精馏塔中的再沸器蒸发上升,将氧气冷凝聚集形成液氧,从而能将空气分离后同时提取高纯氮和高纯氧。

Description

一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及空气分离提纯技术领域,尤其涉及一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置及方法。
背景技术
随着电子、化工等行业的快速发展,对高纯氮气、高纯氧需求量急剧增大,空气中的主要气体成分为氮气和氧气,氮气和氧气体积分数分别为78.12%和20.95%,而空气作为廉价资源无处不在,因此通过分离空气来直接生产高纯氮气和高纯氧气是最为简便且经济的方法。
在现有技术中,中国专利ZL201920857138.1中公开了一种能制液氮的空分设备,只能制备高纯氮气,无法同时制备高纯氧气。而对于高纯氧气的制备只能通过常规的空气分离设备制备,无法对空气同时制备高纯氮气和高纯氧气。
发明内容
为了解决无法对空气同时制备出高纯氮气和高纯氧气的问题,本申请提供一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置及方法。
本申请提供一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,包括冷箱,所述冷箱包括膨胀机、第一换热器、第二换热器、第一精馏塔、第二精馏塔、第三精馏塔和接入空气的进气管道;所述第一精馏塔内设有第一冷凝器,所述第一精馏塔内设有第二冷凝器,所述第三精馏塔内设有再沸器;
所述第一精馏塔具有空气入口、塔体氮气出口、塔顶氮气出口、塔体氧气出口和第一塔顶氧气出口;所述第二精馏塔具有塔底氧气入口和第二塔顶氧气出口;所述第三精馏塔具有塔顶氧气入口、塔底氮气入口、第三塔顶氧气出口和塔底液氧出口;
其中,所述进气管道经所述第一换热器连通所述空气入口,所述塔体氮气出口经所述第一换热器连通所述冷箱外部,所述塔顶氮气出口连通所述塔底氮气入口,所述塔体氧气出口连通所述塔顶氧气入口,所述第一塔顶氧气出口连通所述塔底氧气入口;
所述第二塔顶氧气出口依次经第二换热器和第一换热器连通所述膨胀机;所述第三塔顶氧气出口依次经第二换热器和第一换热器连通所述冷箱外部,所述塔底液氧出口连通所述冷箱外部。
通过采用上述技术方案,将空气导入冷箱后,通过第一精馏塔、第二精馏塔精馏制备出高纯氮气,即可直接生产压力氮,又能提高氮气的提取率,通过第三精馏塔制备出高纯氧气。
进一步的,所述第一冷凝器位于所述第一精馏塔顶部,所述第二冷凝器位于所述第二精馏塔顶部,所述再沸器位于所述第三精馏塔下部;
所述第一精馏塔具有第一富氧液出口,所述第一富氧液出口经所述第二换热器连通所述第一冷凝器;
所述第二精馏塔具有第二富氧液出口,所述第二富氧液出口连通所述第二冷凝器。
通过采用上述技术方案,能够使得第一精馏塔、第二精馏塔的富氧液分别通过第一冷凝器和第二冷凝器蒸发生产富氧空气,并分别作为第一冷凝器和第二冷凝器的冷源。
进一步的,所述第一冷凝器与所述第一精馏塔之间设有第一液氮回流管道,所述第二冷凝器与所述第二精馏塔之间设有第二液氮回流管道,所述第一液氮回流管道通过液氮泵连通所述第二液氮回流管道;
所述第三精馏塔具有液氮出口,所述液氮出口连通所述第二液氮回流管道。
通过采用上述技术方案,利用第二液氮回流管道和第一液氮回流管道的连通,同时,第三精馏塔的液氮也输送到第二液氮回流管道中,提高氮的气提取率。
进一步的,所述第一精馏塔的顶部和所述第二精馏塔的顶部之间设有氮气输送管道。
通过采用上述技术方案,将第一精馏塔的氮体输送到第二精馏塔的顶部,保证第二精馏塔的顶部具有充足的氮气含量,确保第二冷凝器的对富氧液的冷凝蒸发效果。
进一步的,所述膨胀机包括第一氧气出口,所述第一氧气出口管道连接所述第三塔顶氧气出口的第一氧气输送管道,且连接于所述第一换热器和所述第二换热器之间。
通过采用上述技术方案,利用膨胀机对第二精馏塔排出的高热氧气进行膨胀制冷后排出,再利用对膨胀机膨胀制冷后的氧气复热排出冷箱。
进一步的,所述塔底液氧出口连通有液氧贮槽,所述液氧贮槽的出口连通有增压泵,所述增压泵的出口连通有第二氧气输送管道,所述第二氧气输送管道与所述第一氧气输送管道连通。
通过采用上述技术方案,第三精馏塔精馏后,在其底部凝成的液氧输送到液氧贮槽,利用液氧贮槽的增压泵输送汽化后将氧气排出。
进一步的,所述增压泵的出口还连通液氧回流管道,所述液氧回流管道的出口经所述第二换热器连通所述液氧贮槽。
通过采用上述技术方案,利用液氧回流管道将液氧经过汽化后形成的液体通过第二换热器冷却,并输送到液氧贮槽中。
进一步的,所述第一精馏塔中部均设有填料部,所述填料部的上部至少设有一个除氢段,所述塔体氮气出口位于至少一个所述除氢段的上方。
通过采用上述技术方案,利用除氢段去除氮气中的氢成分,获得高纯度的氮气。
进一步的,还包括通过所述进气管道依次连通的空气过滤器、空气压缩机、空气预冷系统和分子筛纯化系统,所述分子筛纯化系统连通所述冷箱中的所述第一换热器。
通过采用上述技术方案,利用空气压缩机将过滤掉尘埃和机械杂质的原料气压缩后进入空气预冷系统,经过空气预冷系统的空气预冷机组降温后进入分子筛纯化系统。其中,分子筛纯化系统将原料气中的水分、二氧化碳等经分子筛纯化系统的活性氧化铝和分子筛除掉后进入冷箱。
本申请还提供一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
原料气为空气,空气经过空气过滤器过滤掉杂质后,而后进入空气压缩机压缩;被压缩后的空气进入空气预冷系统降温后进入分子筛纯化系统;空气经过分子筛纯化系统纯化后除掉水分和二氧化碳,再通过进气管道进入冷箱的第一换热器,经第一换热器冷却到露点温度后通过空气入口进入第一精馏塔底部,进行精馏;
第一精馏塔中,空气经过精馏后,塔顶得到的氮气,一部分氮气通过塔体氮气出口经第一换热器冷却原料空气的同时复热,再排出冷箱,作为产品氮气进管网,另一部分氮气在第一冷凝器中冷凝成液氮后,通过第一液氮回流管道输送到第一精馏塔的顶部作为回流液,塔底的一部分富氧空气输送到第三精馏塔;塔底的富氧液通过第一富氧液出口经第二换热器过冷节流后连通第一冷凝器,作为第一冷凝器的冷源,与第一精馏塔顶部的氮气换热,氮气被冷凝,第一冷凝蒸发器中的富氧液吸热蒸发,蒸发后的富氧空气输送到第二精馏塔,同时,冷凝后的氮气生成液氮输送到第三精馏塔;
第二精馏塔中,蒸发的富氧空气通过第一塔顶氧气出口,输送至塔底氧气入口中,作为第二精馏塔中精馏原料气,第二精馏塔顶部精馏生产的氮气经第二冷凝器过冷得到液氮,一部分液氮的通过第一液氮回流管道输送到第一精馏塔的顶部作为回流液,另一部分液氮经液氮泵输送到第二液氮回流管道作为第一精馏塔的顶部回流液,塔底的富氧液抽出后输送到第二冷凝器中,蒸发后的富氧空气经过第二换热器进入膨胀机,经过膨胀机制冷的富氧空气经第一换热器与原料气换热后复热出冷箱;
第三精馏塔中,第一精馏塔输送的富氧空气精馏后,从第三塔顶氧气出口依次经过第二换热器、第一换热器排出冷箱,而由第一精馏塔输送的液氮经过第三精馏塔塔底的再沸器蒸发上升,使得富氧空气被冷凝形成液氧凝聚在塔底,再通过塔底液氧出口经过第二换热器排出冷箱,进入液氧贮槽;
液氧贮槽中,液氧经过增压泵增压汽化后输送到第二氧气输送管道上,汽化后生成的氧气排出,汽化形成的液体通过液氧回流管道经第二换热器回收进入液氧贮槽中。
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
通过第一精馏塔、第二精馏塔和第三精馏塔同时获得高纯氮气和高纯氧气。
通过第一精馏塔和第二精馏塔相结合生产液氮,在保障高提取率的前提下产生压力氮进行液化,即能得到氮气高提取率。
获得的高纯氧产品形式多样,生产的高纯氧产品可以是气体,也可为液氧产品,输送至液体储槽贮。
本发明所提供的高效生产高纯氧和高纯氮的方法,以空气为原料,经济实用,产品安全可靠,该方法可得到广泛应用,具有良好的市场前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的结构示意图。
图中标号:AF、空气过滤器;TC、空气压缩机;UF、空气预冷系统;MS、分子筛纯化系统;K1、第一冷凝器;K2、第二冷凝器;K3、再沸器;
1、进气管道; 2、膨胀机;21、第一氧气出口;3、第一换热器; 4、第二换热器;C1、第一精馏塔;101、空气入口;102、塔体氮气出口;103、塔顶氮气出口;104、塔体氧气出口;105、第一塔顶氧气出口;106、第一富氧液出口;107、填料部;108、除氢段;C2、第二精馏塔;201、塔底氧气入口;202、第二塔顶氧气出口;203、第二富氧液出口;C3、第三精馏塔;301、塔顶氧气入口;302、塔底氮气入口;303、第三塔顶氧气出口;304、塔底液氧出口;5、第一液氮回流管道;6、第二液氮回流管道;7、氮气输送管道;8、第一氧气输送管道;9、液氧贮槽;91、增压泵;92、第二氧气输送管道;93、液氧回流管道;10、节流阀。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请结合参阅图1所示,一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,包括连通原料气的进气管道1,进气管道1依次连通空气过滤器AF、空气压缩机TC、空气预冷系统UF和分子筛纯化系统MS。将空气作为的原料气进行预处理后,再进入冷箱。
其中,冷箱包括膨胀机2、第一换热器3、第二换热器4、第一精馏塔C1、第二精馏塔C2、第三精馏塔C3和接入空气的进气管道1;第一精馏塔C1内设有第一冷凝器K1,第一精馏塔C1内设有第二冷凝器K2,第三精馏塔C3内设有再沸器K3;
第一精馏塔C1具有空气入口101、塔体氮气出口102、塔顶氮气出口103、塔体氧气出口104和第一塔顶氧气出口105;第二精馏塔C2具有塔底氧气入口201和第二塔顶氧气出口202;第三精馏塔C3具有塔顶氧气入口301、塔底氮气入口302、第三塔顶氧气出口303和塔底液氧出口304;
其中,进气管道1经第一换热器3连通空气入口101,塔体氮气出口102经第一换热器3连通冷箱外部,将第一精馏塔C1内的精馏后的部分氮气排出,提取氮气;塔顶氮气出口103连通塔底氮气入口302,实现第一精馏塔C1与第三精馏塔C3的氮气连通,塔体氧气出口104连通塔顶氧气入口301,实现第一精馏塔C1与第三精馏塔C3的氧气连通;
第二塔顶氧气出口202依次经第二换热器4和第一换热器3连通膨胀机2,第二精馏塔C2精馏后在塔顶生成的氧气经过降温后进入膨胀机2进行膨胀制冷;第三塔顶氧气出口303依次经第二换热器4和第一换热器3连通冷箱外部,塔底液氧出口304连通冷箱外部,第三精馏塔C3经过精馏后在塔顶产生的氧气经第二换热器4和第一换热器3两次过冷降温后排出,塔底凝集成的液氧可从塔底液氧出口304排出,提取液氧和高纯氧气。
第一冷凝器K1位于第一精馏塔C1顶部,第二冷凝器K2位于第二精馏塔C2顶部,再沸器K3位于第三精馏塔C3下部;
第一精馏塔C1具有第一富氧液出口106,第一富氧液出口106经第二换热器4连通第一冷凝器K1;
第二精馏塔C2具有第二富氧液出口203,第二富氧液出口203连通第二冷凝器K2。
在本实施例中,第一冷凝器K1与第一精馏塔C1之间设有第一液氮回流管道5,第二冷凝器K2与第二精馏塔C2之间设有第二液氮回流管道6,第一液氮回流管道5通过液氮泵连通第二液氮回流管道6;第一液氮回流管道5将第一精馏塔C1塔顶的氮气通过第一冷凝器K1冷凝形成的液氮回流输送到塔顶,第二液氮回流管道6将第二精馏塔C2塔顶的氮气通过第二冷凝器K2冷凝形成的液氮回流输送到塔顶,并将第二液氮回流管道6内的液氮输送到第一液氮回流管道5中,此外,第三精馏塔C3具有液氮出口305,液氮出口305连通第二液氮回流管道6,利用第二液氮回流管道6和第一液氮回流管道5的连通,同时,第三精馏塔C3的液氮也输送到第二液氮回流管道6中,提高氮的气提取率。
为了保证第二精馏塔C2中,第二冷凝器K2具有充足的热量,第一精馏塔C1的顶部和第二精馏塔C2的顶部之间设有氮气输送管道7。将第一精馏塔C1的氮体输送到第二精馏塔C2的顶部,保证第二精馏塔C2的顶部具有充足的氮气含量,确保第二冷凝器K2的对富氧液的冷凝蒸发效果。
在本实施例中,膨胀机2包括第一氧气出口21,第一氧气出口21管道连接第三塔顶氧气出口303的第一氧气输送管道8,且连接于第一换热器3和第二换热器4之间,第二精馏塔C2塔顶的氧气从第二塔顶氧气出口202进入膨胀机2膨胀制冷后,从膨胀机2的第一氧气出口21排出,再进入第一氧气输送管道8经第一换热器3复热后排出冷箱。
第三精馏塔C3中,塔底液氧出口304连通有液氧贮槽9,液氧贮槽9的出口连通有增压泵91,增压泵91的出口连通有第二氧气输送管道92,第二氧气输送管道92与第一氧气输送管道8连通,在第三精馏塔C3塔底凝集的液氧输送到液氧贮槽9,液氧贮槽9内的液氧经过增压泵91增压后,再汽化生成氧气进入第二氧气输送管道92排出,排出的氧气经过第二氧气输送管道92混合排出,也可单独直接排出。
由于液氧贮槽9中的液氧在经过汽化后会生成液体,通过在增压泵91的出口还连通液氧回流管道93,液氧回流管道93的出口经第二换热器4连通液氧贮槽9,利用液氧回流管道93将液氧经过汽化后形成的液体通过第二换热器4冷却,并输送到液氧贮槽9中。
再如图1所示,在第一精馏塔C1中部均设有填料部107,填料部107的上部至少设有两个除氢段108,塔体氮气出口102位于两个除氢段108的之间,第一精馏塔C1中的氮气经过除氢段108再从塔体氮气出口102排出,在第一精馏塔C1塔底的氮气也经过除氢段108后,再与第一冷凝器K1的冷凝生成液氮,利用除氢段108去除氮气中的氢成分,获得高纯度的氮气。
通过制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,将原料气输送到第一精馏塔C1中,进行精馏,将生成的部分氮气排出,部分氮气输送至第三精馏塔C3,第一精馏塔C1中富氧液经过第一冷凝器K1蒸发生成的氧气输送到第二精馏塔C2,并作为第二精馏塔C2的原料气,第二精馏塔C2中精馏生成的氧气排出后经过膨胀机2膨胀制冷后排出,第三精馏塔C3中的再沸器K3将第一精馏塔C1输送的氮气再沸上升,从而将第一精馏塔C1输送到第三精馏塔C3顶部的氧气冷凝聚集,在第三精馏塔C3塔底形成液氧,在将液氧输送到液氧贮槽9中,经过增压后汽化形成氧气排出,从而能将空气分离后提取高纯氮和高纯氧。
本申请还提供一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的方法,成型工艺包括以下步骤:
方法包括以下步骤:
原料气为空气,空气经过空气过滤器AF过滤掉杂质后,而后进入空气压缩机TC压缩;被压缩后的空气进入空气预冷系统UF降温后进入分子筛纯化系统MS;空气经过分子筛纯化系统MS纯化后除掉水分和二氧化碳,再通过进气管道1进入冷箱的第一换热器3,经第一换热器3冷却到露点温度后通过空气入口101进入第一精馏塔C1底部,进行精馏;
第一精馏塔C1中,空气经过精馏后,塔顶得到的氮气,一部分氮气通过塔体氮气出口102经第一换热器3冷却原料空气的同时复热,再排出冷箱,作为产品氮气进管网,另一部分氮气在第一冷凝器K1中冷凝成液氮后,通过第一液氮回流管道5输送到第一精馏塔C1的顶部作为回流液,塔底的一部分富氧空气输送到第三精馏塔C3;塔底的富氧液通过第一富氧液出口106经第二换热器4过冷,再通过第一富氧液出口106和第一冷凝器K1之间的节流阀10节流后,输送到第一冷凝器K1,作为第一冷凝器K1的冷源,并与第一精馏塔C1顶部的氮气换热,氮气被冷凝,第一冷凝蒸发器中的富氧液吸热蒸发,蒸发后的富氧空气输送到第二精馏塔C2,同时,冷凝后的氮气生成液氮输送到第三精馏塔C3;
第二精馏塔C2中,蒸发的富氧空气通过第一塔顶氧气出口105,输送至塔底氧气入口201中,作为第二精馏塔C2中精馏原料气,第二精馏塔C2顶部精馏生产的氮气经第二冷凝器K2过冷得到液氮,一部分液氮的通过第一液氮回流管道5输送到第一精馏塔C1的顶部作为回流液,另一部分液氮经液氮泵输送到第二液氮回流管道6作为第一精馏塔C1的顶部回流液,塔底的富氧液通过第二富氧液出口203和第二冷凝器K2之间的节流阀10,节流抽出后输送到第二冷凝器K2中,蒸发后的富氧空气经过第二换热器4进入膨胀机2,经过膨胀机2制冷的富氧空气经第一换热器3与原料气换热后复热出冷箱;
第三精馏塔C3中,第一精馏塔C1输送的富氧空气经过塔体氧气出口104和塔顶氧气入口301之间的节流阀10节流输送到第三精馏塔C3中,经过精馏后形成的氧气从第三塔顶氧气出口303依次经过第二换热器4、第一换热器3排出冷箱,而由第一精馏塔C1输送的液氮经过第三精馏塔C3塔底的再沸器K3蒸发上升,使得富氧空气被冷凝形成液氧凝聚在塔底,再通过塔底液氧出口304经过第二换热器4排出冷箱,进入液氧贮槽9;
液氧贮槽9中,液氧经过增压泵91增压,汽化后输送到第二氧气输送管道92上,汽化后生成的氧气排出,汽化形成的液体通过液氧回流管道93经第二换热器4回收进入液氧贮槽9中。
以上均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,包括冷箱,所述冷箱包括膨胀机(2)、第一换热器(3)、第二换热器(4)、第一精馏塔(C1)、第二精馏塔(C2)、第三精馏塔(C3)和接入空气的进气管道(1);所述第一精馏塔(C1)内设有第一冷凝器(K1),所述第一精馏塔(C1)内设有第二冷凝器(K2),所述第三精馏塔(C3)内设有再沸器(K3);
所述第一精馏塔(C1)具有空气入口(101)、塔体氮气出口(102)、塔顶氮气出口(103)、塔体氧气出口(104)和第一塔顶氧气出口(105);所述第二精馏塔(C2)具有塔底氧气入口(201)和第二塔顶氧气出口(202);所述第三精馏塔(C3)具有塔顶氧气入口(301)、塔底氮气入口(302)、第三塔顶氧气出口(303)和塔底液氧出口(304);
其中,所述进气管道(1)经所述第一换热器(3)连通所述空气入口(101),所述塔体氮气出口(102)经所述第一换热器(3)连通所述冷箱外部,所述塔顶氮气出口(103)连通所述塔底氮气入口(302),所述塔体氧气出口(104)连通所述塔顶氧气入口(301),所述第一塔顶氧气出口(105)连通所述塔底氧气入口(201);
所述第二塔顶氧气出口(202)依次经第二换热器(4)和第一换热器(3)连通所述膨胀机(2);所述第三塔顶氧气出口(303)依次经第二换热器(4)和第一换热器(3)连通所述冷箱外部,所述塔底液氧出口(304)连通所述冷箱外部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,所述第一冷凝器(K1)位于所述第一精馏塔(C1)顶部,所述第二冷凝器(K2)位于所述第二精馏塔(C2)顶部,所述再沸器(K3)位于所述第三精馏塔(C3)下部;
所述第一精馏塔(C1)具有第一富氧液出口(106),所述第一富氧液出口(106)经所述第二换热器(4)连通所述第一冷凝器(K1);
所述第二精馏塔(C2)具有第二富氧液出口(203),所述第二富氧液出口(203)连通所述第二冷凝器(K2)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,所述第一冷凝器(K1)与所述第一精馏塔(C1)之间设有第一液氮回流管道(5),所述第二冷凝器(K2)与所述第二精馏塔(C2)之间设有第二液氮回流管道(6),所述第一液氮回流管道(5)通过液氮泵连通所述第二液氮回流管道(6);
所述第三精馏塔(C3)具有液氮出口,所述液氮出口连通所述第二液氮回流管道(6)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,所述第一精馏塔(C1)的顶部和所述第二精馏塔(C2)的顶部之间设有氮气输送管道(7)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,所述膨胀机(2)包括第一氧气出口(21),所述第一氧气出口(21)管道连接所述第三塔顶氧气出口(303)的第一氧气输送管道(8),且连接于所述第一换热器(3)和所述第二换热器(4)之间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,所述塔底液氧出口(304)连通有液氧贮槽(9),所述液氧贮槽(9)的出口连通有增压泵(91),所述增压泵(91)的出口连通有第二氧气输送管道(92),所述第二氧气输送管道(92)与所述第一氧气输送管道(8)连通。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,所述增压泵(91)的出口还连通液氧回流管道(93),所述液氧回流管道(93)的出口经所述第二换热器(4)连通所述液氧贮槽(9)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,所述第一精馏塔(C1)中部均设有填料部(107),所述填料部(107)的上部至少设有一个除氢段(108),所述塔体氮气出口(102)位于至少一个所述除氢段(108)的上方。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备高纯氮和高纯氧的装置,其特征在于,还包括通过所述进气管道(1)依次连通的空气过滤器(AF)、空气压缩机(TC)、空气预冷系统(UF)和分子筛纯化系统(MS),所述分子筛纯化系统(MS)连通所述冷箱中的所述第一换热器(3)。
10.一种制备高纯氮和高纯氧的方法,其特征在于,
所述方法包括以下步骤:
原料气为空气,空气经过空气过滤器(AF)过滤掉杂质后,而后进入空气压缩机(TC)压缩;被压缩后的空气进入空气预冷系统(UF)降温后进入分子筛纯化系统(MS);空气经过分子筛纯化系统(MS)纯化后除掉水分和二氧化碳,再通过进气管道(1)进入冷箱的第一换热器(3),经第一换热器(3)冷却到露点温度后通过空气入口(101)进入第一精馏塔(C1)底部,进行精馏;
第一精馏塔(C1)中,空气经过精馏后,塔顶得到的氮气,一部分氮气通过塔体氮气出口(102)经第一换热器(3)冷却原料空气的同时复热,再排出冷箱,作为产品氮气进管网,另一部分氮气在第一冷凝器(K1)中冷凝成液氮后,通过第一液氮回流管道(5)输送到第一精馏塔(C1)的顶部作为回流液,塔底的一部分富氧空气输送到第三精馏塔(C3);塔底的富氧液通过第一富氧液出口(106)经第二换热器(4)过冷节流后连通第一冷凝器(K1),作为第一冷凝器(K1)的冷源,与第一精馏塔(C1)顶部的氮气换热,氮气被冷凝,第一冷凝蒸发器中的富氧液吸热蒸发,蒸发后的富氧空气输送到第二精馏塔(C2),同时,冷凝后的氮气生成液氮输送到第三精馏塔(C3);
第二精馏塔(C2)中,蒸发的富氧空气通过第一塔顶氧气出口(105),输送至塔底氧气入口(201)中,作为第二精馏塔(C2)中精馏原料气,第二精馏塔(C2)顶部精馏生产的氮气经第二冷凝器(K2)过冷得到液氮,一部分液氮的通过第一液氮回流管道(5)输送到第一精馏塔(C1)的顶部作为回流液,另一部分液氮经液氮泵输送到第二液氮回流管道(6)作为第一精馏塔(C1)的顶部回流液,塔底的富氧液抽出后输送到第二冷凝器(K2)中,蒸发后的富氧空气经过第二换热器(4)进入膨胀机(2),经过膨胀机(2)制冷的富氧空气经第一换热器(3)与原料气换热后复热出冷箱;
第三精馏塔(C3)中,第一精馏塔(C1)输送的富氧空气精馏后,从第三塔顶氧气出口(303)依次经过第二换热器(4)、第一换热器(3)排出冷箱,而由第一精馏塔(C1)输送的液氮经过第三精馏塔(C3)塔底的再沸器(K3)蒸发上升,使得富氧空气被冷凝形成液氧凝聚在塔底,再通过塔底液氧出口(304)经过第二换热器(4)排出冷箱,进入液氧贮槽(9);
液氧贮槽(9)中,液氧经过增压泵(91)增压汽化后输送到第二氧气输送管道(92)上,汽化后生成的氧气排出,汽化形成的液体通过液氧回流管道(93)经第二换热器(4)回收进入液氧贮槽(9)中。
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