CN117977194A - Frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for phased array system - Google Patents
Frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for phased array system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for a phased array system comprises a first layer of medium substrate; the second layer of dielectric substrate is arranged in parallel relative to the first layer of dielectric substrate in the vertical direction; the third layer of dielectric substrate is arranged in parallel relative to the second layer of dielectric substrate in the vertical direction; the first liquid crystal layer is filled between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; the second liquid crystal layer is filled between the second medium substrate and the third medium substrate; the first supporting structure is vertically arranged between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; the second supporting structure is vertically arranged between the second medium substrate and the third medium substrate; the first grounding electrode layer is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; the strip line phase shifter is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate; the second grounding electrode layer is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate; and the radiation patch is printed on the lower surface of the third layer of dielectric substrate. The invention can realize large-angle phase shift and frequency reconfiguration simultaneously, and is suitable for phased array systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit applicable to a phased array system.
Background
With the development of communication technology, the demands for high capacity and high rate communication are gradually increasing, and thus, higher demands are being placed on the performance and complexity of the communication system. The phase shifter is used as a key device in the T/R assembly, and indexes such as device performance, size, power consumption and the like play a decisive role in the overall performance. The traditional phase shifter realizes the phase shifting function by switching the length of a transmission line, or adopts a reflective phase shifter, a variable capacitance phase shifter, a medium adjustable phase shifter and the like, and the phase shifters need to introduce electronic devices such as a radio frequency switch, a variable capacitance or a diode and the like to improve the phase shifting range, so that the defects of high loss, low power capacity, large size and the like exist.
With the development of high-performance liquid crystal materials, the liquid crystal materials provide an effective solution for the design of low-cost, low-loss and miniaturized phase shifters, liquid crystal is used as a dielectric adjustable material, the liquid crystal in a liquid crystal box rotates under the action of an electric field formed between a microstrip line and a grounding electrode, and the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal changes, so that the phase shifting characteristic of transmission signals in the liquid crystal phase shifters is realized.
The reconfigurable antenna has important significance in the application of an intelligent miniaturized wireless communication system, and the central frequency, bandwidth, gain and other performances of the antenna are adjusted through the control circuit, so that the reconfigurable antenna can replace the requirement of multiple channels, improve the reliability of the system, and reduce the size, weight, complexity and cost. The liquid crystal is used as a dielectric adjustable material, the liquid crystal material is used as a dielectric substrate of the antenna, and different bias voltages are applied between the antenna and the grounding electrode, so that the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal material can be changed, the working frequency of the antenna is adjusted, and the frequency reconfigurable characteristic of the antenna is realized.
In recent years, some liquid crystal antennas have been disclosed in patents, which compare with the prior art, in which:
The Chinese patent with the patent number of CN13594690B discloses a liquid crystal phased array antenna, a plurality of groups of left and right flashlight pairs are arranged above a liquid crystal material layer, and metal resonance gaps corresponding to the left and right flashlight pairs are formed below the liquid crystal layer, so that a miniaturized antenna unit is formed, a waveguide cavity is adopted for signal transmission, the deflection state of liquid crystal molecules is controlled by adjusting the bias voltage of liquid crystal, and the phase is regulated;
The Chinese patent with the patent number of CN110970718A discloses a liquid crystal antenna unit and a liquid crystal phased array antenna, wherein the antenna unit adopts a radiation structure formed by arranging a plurality of slender dipoles with different lengths on layer medium substrates at two sides of a liquid crystal layer respectively, adopts a coplanar waveguide transmission line to feed the antenna unit, controls the deflection of liquid crystal molecules by applying bias voltage between electrode structures at two sides of the liquid crystal layer and a ground wire, and further realizes the control of the phase of the antenna unit.
The liquid crystal antenna provided by the patent has good radiation performance, but can only be used for a fixed frequency band, cannot have the reconfigurable characteristic of working frequency, and has limited application scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit applicable to a phased array system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shift antenna unit suitable for phased array system, includes first layer dielectric substrate, first ground electrode layer, first liquid crystal layer, stripline phase shifter, second layer dielectric substrate, second ground electrode layer, second liquid crystal layer, radiation paster and third layer dielectric substrate, its characterized in that, first layer dielectric substrate is located the bottom, and second layer dielectric substrate is placed in relative parallel in the vertical direction with first layer dielectric substrate, and third layer dielectric substrate is placed in relative parallel in the vertical direction with second layer dielectric substrate, first ground electrode layer print is in the one side of the upper surface orientation first liquid crystal layer of first layer dielectric substrate, and stripline phase shifter print is in the one side of the lower surface orientation first liquid crystal layer of second layer dielectric substrate, and first liquid crystal layer is filled between first layer dielectric substrate and second layer dielectric substrate, second ground electrode print is in the one side of the upper surface orientation second liquid crystal layer of second layer dielectric substrate, and radiation paster print is in one side of the orientation second liquid crystal layer of third layer dielectric substrate, and second liquid crystal layer is filled between second layer dielectric substrate and second layer dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the strip line phase shifter is provided with a strip delay line, the first grounding electrode layer and the second grounding electrode layer are used as reference ground, and the structure of the strip line phase shifter is composed of a main transmission line, a plurality of open-circuit branches and a coupling feeder line.
Preferably, a plurality of periodic rectangular slits are dug on the first grounding electrode layer to form a defective ground structure, and the plurality of periodic rectangular slits are arranged according to a planar spiral structure.
Preferably, the stripline phase shifter is implemented by adopting a planar spiral structure, a plurality of open-circuit branches are vertically intersected and connected with the main transmission line, and projections of the open-circuit branches are staggered with a plurality of periodic rectangular gaps on the first grounding electrode layer.
Preferably, a plurality of first support columns are arranged on two sides of the first liquid crystal layer, and the plurality of first support columns are vertically arranged between the first layer of medium substrate and the second layer of medium substrate to play a supporting role for the first liquid crystal layer.
Preferably, a rectangular gap is cut out at the projection position of the second grounding electrode layer, which corresponds to the middle of the radiation patch and is right below the middle of the radiation patch.
Preferably, a plurality of second support columns are arranged on two sides of the second liquid crystal layer, and the second support columns are vertically arranged between the second layer medium substrate and the third layer medium substrate to play a supporting role for the second liquid crystal layer.
Preferably, the materials used for the first layer of dielectric substrate, the second layer of dielectric substrate and the third layer of dielectric substrate are glass or PCB printed boards, and the packaging of the three layers of dielectric substrates serving as the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer plays a role in supporting and stabilizing liquid crystal molecules and also plays a role in a signal dielectric substrate by printing signal lines on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrates.
Preferably, the materials used for the first grounding electrode layer, the strip line phase shifter, the second grounding electrode layer and the radiation patch layer are copper foils with the thickness of 18um, the first grounding electrode layer and the second grounding electrode layer provide reference ground for the strip line phase shifter, and meanwhile the second grounding electrode layer also serves as reference ground of the antenna and provides coupling feed for the antenna through a slot.
Preferably, the materials used in the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are stable wide-temperature liquid crystals with the thickness of 50um, the first liquid crystal layer is used as a dielectric adjustable medium substrate of the stripline phase shifter, and the dielectric constant of the first liquid crystal layer is changed, so that the transmission phase of the stripline is changed, and the phase shifting function is realized; the second liquid crystal layer is used as a dielectric adjustable medium substrate of the antenna, and the dielectric constant of the second liquid crystal layer is changed, so that the working frequency of the antenna is adjusted, and the shape of the radiation patch can be rectangular, circular or other shapes according to actual application scenes to achieve specific performances.
In the invention, the phase shift characteristic and the frequency reconfiguration characteristic of the antenna unit are realized by adopting a double-layer liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal is used as a tunable dielectric material, the tunable dielectric material is packaged between two layers of parallel metal electrodes coated with an orientation film, bias voltages are applied to two sides of the parallel metal plates, and when the bias voltage value is larger than the initial threshold value of liquid crystal molecules and smaller than the saturation voltage, the liquid crystal molecules show non-uniformity and dielectric anisotropy, and the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal molecules changes. The first liquid crystal layer is used as a dielectric adjustable layer medium substrate of the strip line phase shifter, and bias voltages are applied to a first grounding electrode layer and the strip phase shifter layer which are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the first liquid crystal layer, so that the dielectric constant of the first liquid crystal layer is changed, the transmission phase of the strip line is changed, and the phase shifting function is realized; the second liquid crystal layer is used as a dielectric adjustable layer dielectric substrate of the antenna, and bias voltage is applied between the second grounding electrode layers and the radiation patch layers which are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the second liquid crystal layer, so that the dielectric constant of the second liquid crystal layer is changed, the working frequency of the antenna is adjusted, and the working bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded.
The frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit has the characteristics of large-angle phase shift and operating frequency reconfigurability. In the phase shifter part, a periodic gap is dug out by a first grounding electrode layer below the strip line phase shifter to generate slow wave characteristics, a plurality of open-circuit branches are added on a main transmission line to shorten the total length of the transmission line, and the phase shifter is designed into a planar spiral structure, so that the occupied area can be further reduced, and the miniaturization of the phase shifter is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a 3D schematic diagram of a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit suitable for use in a phased array system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna element suitable for use in a phased array system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna element phase shifter suitable for use in a phased array system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a design of a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna element suitable for use in a phased array system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a phase shifter return loss curve for a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna element suitable for use in a phased array system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plot of insertion loss of a phase shifter for a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna element suitable for use in a phased array system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a plot of phase change of a phase shifter for a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna element of the present invention suitable for use in a phased array system;
FIG. 8 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna element suitable for use in a phased array system in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph showing the return loss of a frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit as a function of dielectric constant for a phased array system in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: a first layer of medium substrate, a second layer of medium substrate, a first grounding electrode layer, a periodic rectangular gap, a first liquid crystal layer, a strip line phase shifter, a main transmission line, an open circuit branch, a coupling feeder line, a second layer of medium substrate, a second grounding electrode layer, a rectangular gap, a second liquid crystal layer, a radiation patch layer and a third layer of medium substrate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-9, a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shift antenna unit suitable for a phased array system comprises a first layer medium substrate 1, a first grounding electrode layer 2, a first liquid crystal layer 3, a strip line phase shifter 4, a second layer medium substrate 5, a second grounding electrode layer 6, a second liquid crystal layer 7, a radiation patch 8 and a third layer medium substrate 9, wherein the first layer medium substrate 1 is positioned at the bottom, the second layer medium substrate 5 and the first layer medium substrate 1 are relatively parallel in the vertical direction, the third layer medium substrate 9 and the second layer medium substrate 5 are relatively parallel in the vertical direction, the first grounding electrode layer 2 is printed on one side of the upper surface of the first layer medium substrate 1 facing the first liquid crystal layer 3, the strip line phase shifter 4 is printed on one side of the lower surface of the second layer medium substrate 5 facing the first liquid crystal layer 3, the first liquid crystal layer 3 is filled between the first layer medium substrate 1 and the second layer medium substrate 5, the second grounding electrode layer 6 is positioned on one side of the upper surface of the second layer medium substrate 5 facing the second liquid crystal layer 7, the radiation patch 8 is printed on one side of the lower surface of the second layer medium substrate 7 facing the second layer medium substrate 9, and the second layer medium patch 9 is printed on one side of the second layer medium substrate 9 facing the second layer medium layer 3.
In the invention, the strip line phase shifter 4 is provided with a strip delay line, the strip delay line is adopted to realize the phase shift function, the first grounding electrode layer 2 and the second grounding electrode layer 6 are used as the reference ground, the structure of the strip line phase shifter is composed of a main transmission line 41, a plurality of open-circuit branches 42 and a coupling feeder line 43, and the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna can be improved by adjusting the length of the coupling feeder line 43.
In the present invention, a plurality of periodic rectangular slits 21 are cut out on the first ground electrode layer 2 to form a defective ground structure, and in order to further reduce the occupied area of the phase shifter, the plurality of periodic rectangular slits 21 are arranged in a planar spiral structure.
In the invention, the stripline phase shifter 4 is realized by adopting a planar spiral structure, a plurality of open branches 42 are vertically intersected and connected with the main transmission line 41, projections of the open branches are staggered with a plurality of periodic rectangular slits 21 on the first grounding electrode layer 2, the slow wave effect formed by the periodic slits 21 on the first grounding electrode layer 2 and the open branches 42 of the stripline 4 can further expand the phase shift quantity of the phase shifter, and the length of a delay line can be shortened for a characteristic phase shift angle, so that the loss of the phase shifter is reduced.
In the invention, a plurality of first support columns 31 are arranged on two sides of the first liquid crystal layer 3, and the plurality of first support columns 31 are vertically arranged between the first layer medium substrate 1 and the second layer medium substrate 4 to play a supporting role for the first liquid crystal layer 3.
In the invention, a rectangular gap 61 is cut out from the projection position of the second grounding electrode layer 6 corresponding to the middle of the radiation patch 8.
In the invention, a plurality of second support columns 71 are arranged on two sides of the second liquid crystal layer 7, and the plurality of second support columns 71 are vertically arranged between the second layer medium substrate 5 and the third layer medium substrate 9 to play a supporting role for the second liquid crystal layer 7.
In the invention, the materials used for the first layer of dielectric substrate 1, the second layer of dielectric substrate 5 and the third layer of dielectric substrate 9 are glass or PCB printed boards with higher flatness.
In the invention, the materials used for the first grounding electrode layer 2, the strip line phase shifter 4, the second grounding electrode layer 6 and the radiation patch layer 8 are copper foils with the thickness of 18 um.
In the present invention, the material used for the first liquid crystal layer 3 and the second liquid crystal layer 7 is a stable wide temperature liquid crystal having a thickness of 50 um.
In the present invention, the shape of the radiation patch 8 may be rectangular, circular or other shapes according to the actual application scenario to achieve specific performance.
In order to further illustrate the good performance of the frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for the phased array system, modeling simulation is carried out on the embodiment. Fig. 4 is a design flow chart, and a specific design process is as follows:
1. determining the working frequency band of the liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit, wherein the embodiment works in the Ka frequency band;
2. determining the scanning angle of the antenna, and calculating the maximum phase shift range required by the phase shifter according to the scanning angle;
3. Liquid crystal phase shifter design: first, a laminated structure of a liquid crystal phase shifter is determined, and in this embodiment, a strip delay line structure is adopted, a first liquid crystal layer is used as a dielectric tunable dielectric substrate of a strip line, and a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate are used as dielectric substrates of a signal line and a package of the first liquid crystal layer. The initial length of the strip line is calculated from the phase shift range of the phase shifter. In order to further shorten the length of the strip line, a plurality of open-circuit branches are added on the strip line, a plurality of periodic rectangular gaps are dug out on the first grounding electrode layer below the strip line, the open-circuit branches are equally spaced and vertically placed with the strip line, and the periodic rectangular gaps are staggered with projections of the open-circuit branches on the first grounding electrode layer. In order to reduce the occupied area of the phase shifter, the phase shifter is bent into a planar spiral structure, and the performance of the phase shifter is optimized. A bias voltage is applied between the stripline phase shifter layer and the first ground electrode layer to change the dielectric constant of the first liquid crystal layer, looking at the phase shifter phase shift range.
4. Frequency reconfigurable antenna element design: firstly, determining a laminated structure of an antenna, wherein in the embodiment, an antenna unit adopts a coupling feed mode, a second liquid crystal layer is used as a dielectric adjustable dielectric substrate of the antenna unit, and a second layer of dielectric substrate and a third layer of dielectric substrate are used as a package of the second liquid crystal layer and a dielectric substrate of the antenna. According to the working frequency band, the initial size of the antenna radiation patch is calculated, in order to realize a feeding mode of slot coupling feeding, rectangular slots are dug on a second grounding electrode layer right below an antenna unit, and the length of a coupling feeder line and the size of the rectangular slots are optimized to enable the antenna to achieve good performance. And applying bias voltage between the second grounding electrode layer and the radiation patch layer, changing the dielectric constant of the second liquid crystal layer, and checking the change of the working frequency of the antenna unit.
5. The phase shifter and the antenna are integrated, the stripline liquid crystal phase shifter and the frequency reconfigurable antenna unit are integrated, and the overall performance of the liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit is optimized. The adjustment of the antenna operating frequency and the change of the radiation phase are realized by controlling the bias voltages applied by the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer respectively.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the return loss of the phase shifter, which is applicable to the frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit of the phased array system, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that when the dielectric constant of the first liquid crystal layer is adjusted from 2.7 to 3.9, the return loss of the phase shifter is less than-18 dB in the bandwidth range of 24 GHz to 30GHz, and the phase shifter has good impedance matching characteristics;
FIG. 6 is a graph of insertion loss of a phase shifter for a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit suitable for use in a phased array system, as can be seen from FIG. 6, when the dielectric constant of the first liquid crystal layer is adjusted from 2.7 to 3.9, the insertion loss of the phase shifter is less than 4dB over a bandwidth of 24-30 GHz;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the phase change of a phase shifter of a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for a phased array system, wherein the phase of the phase shifter gradually decreases when the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal changes, so that differential phase shift is generated, and when the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal is regulated to 3.9, the differential phase shift reaches 410 degrees, so that the quality factor of the phase shifter is 105 DEG/dB;
Fig. 8 is a two-dimensional pattern of a frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for use in a phased array system, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the antenna unit has good directional radiation characteristics and is suitable for use in a phased array system.
Fig. 9 is a plot of return loss versus dielectric constant for a frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for use in a phased array system, and it can be seen from fig. 9 that when the dielectric constant of the second liquid crystal layer changes from 2.7 to 3.9, the resonant frequency of the antenna moves from 28.8GHz to 26.4GHz, and the bandwidth of the antenna less than-10 dB moves between 25.27 GHz and 30GHz, indicating that the antenna can operate in the frequency band of 25.27 GHz to 30 GHz.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for a phased array system, comprising a first layer medium substrate (1), a first grounding electrode layer (2), a first liquid crystal layer (3), a strip line phase shifter (4), a second layer medium substrate (5), a second grounding electrode layer (6), a second liquid crystal layer (7), a radiation patch (8) and a third layer medium substrate (9), wherein the first layer medium substrate (1) is positioned at the bottom layer, the second layer medium substrate (5) and the first layer medium substrate (1) are relatively parallel in the vertical direction, the third layer medium substrate (9) and the second layer medium substrate (5) are relatively parallel in the vertical direction, the first grounding electrode layer (2) is printed on one side of the upper surface of the first layer medium substrate (1) facing the first liquid crystal layer (3), the strip line phase shifter (4) is printed on one side of the lower surface of the second layer medium substrate (5) facing the first liquid crystal layer (3), the first liquid crystal layer (3) is filled between the first layer medium substrate (1) and the second layer medium substrate (5) and is relatively parallel in the vertical direction, the third layer medium substrate (9) is printed on one side of the lower surface of the second layer medium substrate (5) facing the second layer (7), the second liquid crystal layer (7) is filled between the second layer medium substrate (5) and the third layer medium substrate (9).
2. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that the stripline phase shifter (4) is provided with a stripdelay line, the first ground electrode layer (2) and the second ground electrode layer (6) being referenced to ground, the structure of which consists of three parts, a main transmission line (41), a plurality of open branches (42) and a coupling feed line (43).
3. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, wherein the first ground electrode layer (2) is hollowed out with a plurality of periodic rectangular slots (21) to form a defected ground structure, and the plurality of periodic rectangular slots (21) are arranged in a planar spiral structure.
4. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit for use in a phased array system according to claim 2, wherein the stripline phase shifter (4) is implemented as a planar spiral structure, and a plurality of open branches (42) are connected to the main transmission line (41) by intersecting the same perpendicularly, and the projections thereof are staggered with a plurality of periodic rectangular slits (21) on the first ground electrode layer (2).
5. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shift antenna unit suitable for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first support columns (31) are disposed on both sides of the first liquid crystal layer (3), and the plurality of first support columns (31) are disposed vertically between the first layer dielectric substrate (1) and the second layer dielectric substrate (4).
6. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, wherein the second ground electrode layer (6) is hollowed out with a rectangular slot (61) corresponding to a projection directly below the middle of the radiating patch (8).
7. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of second support columns (71) are disposed on both sides of the second liquid crystal layer (7), and the plurality of second support columns (71) are disposed vertically between the second layer dielectric substrate (5) and the third layer dielectric substrate (9).
8. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit suitable for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, wherein the first layer dielectric substrate (1), the second layer dielectric substrate (5) and the third layer dielectric substrate (9) are made of glass or PCB printed boards.
9. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, wherein the first ground electrode layer (2), the stripline phase shifter (4), the second ground electrode layer (6), and the radiating patch layer (8) are all copper foils with a thickness of 18 um.
10. A frequency reconfigurable liquid crystal phase shifting antenna unit for use in a phased array system according to claim 1, wherein the first liquid crystal layer (3) and the second liquid crystal layer (7) are formed from a stable wide temperature liquid crystal having a thickness of 50 um.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410317682.2A CN117977194A (en) | 2024-03-20 | 2024-03-20 | Frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for phased array system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410317682.2A CN117977194A (en) | 2024-03-20 | 2024-03-20 | Frequency-reconfigurable liquid crystal phase-shifting antenna unit suitable for phased array system |
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