CN1179671C - Method of optimizing tobacco leaf as upper tobacco material - Google Patents
Method of optimizing tobacco leaf as upper tobacco material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1179671C CN1179671C CNB031488315A CN03148831A CN1179671C CN 1179671 C CN1179671 C CN 1179671C CN B031488315 A CNB031488315 A CN B031488315A CN 03148831 A CN03148831 A CN 03148831A CN 1179671 C CN1179671 C CN 1179671C
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- tobacco
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- protein content
- tobacco leaves
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a processing technology capable of effectively lowering protein content in the raw material tobacco leaves of the upper part of tobacco, which is characterized in that the raw material tobacco leaves of the upper part of the tobacco are arranged in a gamma-ray radiation chamber, isotope cobalt-60 or cesium-137 or iridium-192 or selenium-75 is irradiated by gamma-ray by adopting a gamma-ray radiation source, radiation dose is from 1 KGy to 50 KGy, and the protein content in the raw material tobacco leaves of the upper part of the tobacco can be lowered. The processing technology capable of effectively lowering protein content in the raw material tobacco leaves of the upper part of tobacco can enable the protein content in the raw material tobacco leaves of the upper part of the tobacco to reach an ideal value which is 8% of the dry weight of the raw material tobacco leaves, and therefore, compared with a sample reference, the protein content of cigarette made of the raw material tobacco leaves can be lowered by 20 to 50%, the sucking taste of the cigarette is pure, and the cigarette has no stimulation and bad smell. Therefore, the processing technology capable of effectively lowering protein content in the raw material tobacco leaves of the upper part of tobacco opens up a new way for the effective and reasonable utilization of the raw material tobacco leaves of the upper part of the tobacco and has wide application prospect and important economic significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment technology of tobacco material tobacco leaf, particularly a kind of treatment technology that can effectively reduce protein content in the raw tobacco of tobacco top.
Background technology
Protein plays important effect in the process of growth of tobacco, along with growing of tobacco, Protein content accumulates gradually.For same strain tobacco, Protein content increases from bottom to top gradually in the blade.In general, to account for the ratio of ripe raw tobacco dry weight be 12-15% to protein.
For tobacco product, Protein content should be controlled in certain scope.Protein content is too high in the raw tobacco, can produce as the smell that burns feather when burning and sucking, and combustionproperty is poor, and finished product are sucked bitterness, pungent; But protein content is very few, and sensation is substantial inadequately plentiful when smoking, the strength deficiency.First-class raw tobacco after the baking, Protein content generally is controlled at about 8%.For in, the lower feed tobacco leaf, by fermentation, store the alcoholization operation after, its Protein content can be controlled in this scope, still, for tobacco top raw tobacco, because protein content is up to 15%, by fermentation, store after the alcoholization operation, though protein content descends to some extent, but still far above 8% this desirable index, cause tobacco top raw tobacco sucking quality to descend, can't be utilized, cause a kind of wasting of resources in cigarette industry; Also have, the protein in the raw tobacco also is the presoma of many carcinogenic substances in the cigarette smoke, hypertoxicity material such as prussic acid; In addition, contain useful tobacco components such as abundant nicotine, perfume oil, resin in the raw tobacco of tobacco top, if too much protein can be removed, tobacco top raw tobacco is undoubtedly the preferred raw materials tobacco leaf of cigarette tobacco leaf formulation.
Disclose a kind of microwave handling method that reduces content of nitrosamines in the cigarette smoke among the CN00112252.5, related microwave is meant the hertzian wave between far infrared region and radio spectrum, belongs to nonionizing radiation, and its wavelength is at 1mm-30cm, and frequency is 10
3～3 * 10
5MHz, this micro-wave energy produces very strong heat effect, thereby the nitrosamine in the tobacco is decomposed at 300 ℃.
Chinese technical journal " tobacco science and technology " the 9th phase in 2000 is entitled as " reducing the research of protein content in the tobacco leaf " literary grace and reduces protein content in the raw tobacco with the method for protease hydrolysis, make the quality that burns and sucks of raw tobacco obviously improve, but, this method equipment complexity, cost is higher, is not easy to large-scale industrial production.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides protein content in a kind of technology reduction tobacco top raw tobacco simple, with low cost, thereby reaches the gamma-rays treatment process of optimizing tobacco top raw tobacco.
The present invention has finished goal of the invention by following technical scheme is provided:
With just through the tobacco top of overbaking or airing operation raw tobacco, with hanging hang-up, be placed in the gamma-ray irradiation working spaces, with radio isotope cobalt-60, caesium-137, iridium-192 or selenium-75 is gamma-ray radiation source, the loading of source amount is 300,000 Curie to 150, ten thousand Curie, and the dosage of irradiation is at 1KGy-50KGy (1KGy=1000Gy).Adjust irradiation dose, make its through proteinic weight percentage in the tobacco top raw tobacco behind gamma-ray irradiation less than 7-10%.Tobacco top raw tobacco is behind gamma-ray irradiation, adopt the protein content in the acetic acid extraction process mensuration raw tobacco, then according to the cigarette process of routine, said top raw tobacco through gamma-ray irradiation is made Cigarette, compare sample with the Cigarette of not making, carry out conventional flue gas analysis and suck evaluation through the top raw tobacco of gamma-ray irradiation.
The gamma-ray irradiation device that the present invention adopts is made of gamma-rays radioactive source, source storage well, source frame, lifting mechanism, transfer system, Controlling System, safety interlock system.
The method of optimization tobacco of the present invention top raw tobacco, can make Protein content in the raw tobacco of tobacco top reach 8% this ideal value of raw tobacco dry weight, with this raw tobacco is the cigarette that tobacco leaf formulation makes, compare with control sample, its protein content 20-50% that can descend, it is pure to suck mouthfeel, nonirritant and assorted flavor; In addition, tobacco top raw tobacco is carried out gamma-ray irradiation handle, can quicken alcoholized tobacco, can shorten raw tobacco natural alcoholization phase 1-1.5; Moreover irradiation can also prevent the generation that raw tobacco goes mouldy effectively, reduces the loss of tobacco entomophthora.Therefore, the present invention is the utilization effectively and reasonably of tobacco top raw tobacco, has opened up a brand-brand-new way, has broad application prospects and great economic implications.
The gamma-ray irradiation technology that the present invention adopts belongs to ionizing rays, and different with the heat effect of microwave radiation, gamma-ray irradiation can not produce heat effect, and its frequency is 3 * 10
12～3 * 10
15MHz, the required energy of most of molecular ionizations is 10-12eV, it is 1.57-6.30eV that the chemical bond of most of materials disconnects required energy, and gamma-ray photon energy is up to 1.1732MeV, therefore, gamma-rays can make material molecule ionization and chemical bond scission of link.When the protein in the gamma-ray irradiation raw tobacco, electronics in the protein is accepted to become unstable after the gamma-rays photon energy, electronics will transit to the high level track from the low-lying level track, cause atom to be excited state, when excitation energy is higher than molecular ionization potential, then protein molecule generation ionization; In addition, molecular excitation can be converted into the chemical bond vibrational energy again, when this vibrational energy surpasses chemical bond energy, be in the covalent linkage fracture of the protein molecule of excited state, generate the small molecules free radical, a nearly step is converted into materials such as amino acid, thereby reaches proteinic purpose in the degraded raw tobacco.
The ray that gamma-rays sends from nucleus inside when being decay such as cobalt 60 radio isotope such as grade.Gamma-rays is also referred to as γ photon or γ particle.Sunlight, radiowave, X-ray that it and people are familiar with belong to same type, all are hertzian wave in essence, and just the γ photon wavelength is shorter, and its energy is bigger.Gamma-rays is widely used in fields such as radiation breeding, food fresh keeping, disposable use medical article sterilizing, radiographic test, radiation chemistry, material composition analysis, substance weight and control, customs's freight container detections, has brought huge benefit to the mankind; In addition, can not produced induced radioactivity, non-residual toxicity behind the irradiation by the article of gamma-ray irradiation.The International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization subsidize establishment " the irradiated food security joint specialist council " jointly and announce that in 1997 (Gy is the abbreviation of Gray above 10KGy, irradiation unit) high dose radiation also is safe, these conclusions have greatly promoted the development of countries in the world irradiation industries, now for generally accepting in the world.
Embodiment
The contriver further sets forth the technology of the present invention by following embodiment, but the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, do not constitute the restriction of this patent.
Embodiment 1
50 kilograms of tobacco top raw tobaccos are produced in learn from else's experience Yunnan of overbaking, per 10 kilograms is a bag, the packing back is with hanging hang-up, be placed in the gamma-ray irradiation working spaces of isotopes of cobalt-60, the loading of source amount is 300,000 Curie, and the dosage of irradiation is at 2KGy (be equivalent to every kilogram of material and accept 2000 joules energy).Tobacco top raw tobacco is behind gamma-ray irradiation, adopt the protein content in the acetic acid extraction process mensuration raw tobacco, then according to the cigarette process of routine, said top raw tobacco through gamma-ray irradiation is made Cigarette, compare sample with the Cigarette of not making through the top raw tobacco of gamma-ray irradiation, carry out conventional flue gas analysis and suck evaluation, the results are shown in following table.
| Project | The control sample detected value | Sample detection value of the present invention | Reduced rate (%) |
| Protein | 10.15％ | 8.07％ | 21 |
| Benzo [a] pyrene | 12.91 nanogram/ | 9.33 nanogram/ | 28 |
| Nicotine | 2.5 milligram/ | 2.0 milligram/ | 20 |
| The nitrosamine total amount | 5.94 nmole/ | 5.02 nmole/ | 16 |
| Tar content | 20 milligrams/ | 15 milligrams/ | 25 |
| Suck evaluation | Pungency is big, pungent | Little, the no impurity taste of pungency | - |
Embodiment 2
The Henan B of overbaking learns from else's experience
3100 kilograms of F tobacco top raw tobaccos, per 20 kilograms is a bag, and the packing back is placed in the gamma-ray irradiation working spaces of isotopes of cobalt-60 with hanging hang-up, the loading of source amount is 1,000,000 Curie, and the dosage of irradiation is at 10KGy (be equivalent to every kilogram of material and accept 104 joules energy).Tobacco top raw tobacco is behind gamma-ray irradiation, adopt the protein content in the acetic acid extraction process mensuration raw tobacco, then according to the cigarette process of routine, said top raw tobacco through gamma-ray irradiation is made Cigarette, compare sample with the Cigarette of not making through the top raw tobacco of gamma-ray irradiation, carry out conventional flue gas analysis and suck evaluation, the results are shown in following table.
| Project | The control sample detected value | Sample detection value of the present invention | Reduced rate (%) |
| Protein | 14.37％ | 8.93％ | 43 |
| Benzo [a] pyrene | 13.14 nanogram/ | 7.64 nanogram/ | 42 |
| Nicotine | 2.7 milligram/ | 1.9 milligram/ | 30 |
| The nitrosamine total amount | 7.06 nmole/ | 3.45 nmole/ | 52 |
| Tar content | 18 milligrams/ | 12 milligrams/ | 33 |
| Suck evaluation | Pungency is big, pungent | Little, the no impurity taste of pungency | - |
Embodiment 3
The Guizhou B of overbaking learns from else's experience
3300 kilograms of K flue-cured tobacco top raw tobaccos, per 15 kilograms is a bag, and the packing back is placed in the gamma-ray irradiation working spaces of isotopes of cobalt-60 with hanging hang-up, and the loading of source amount is 1,500,000 Curie, and the dosage of irradiation (is equivalent to every kilogram of material and accepts 3 * 10 at 30KGy
4The energy of joule).Tobacco top raw tobacco is behind gamma-ray irradiation, adopt the protein content in the acetic acid extraction process mensuration raw tobacco, then according to the cigarette process of routine, said top raw tobacco through gamma-ray irradiation is made Cigarette, compare sample with the Cigarette of not making through the top raw tobacco of gamma-ray irradiation, carry out conventional flue gas analysis and suck evaluation, the results are shown in following table.
| Project | The control sample detected value | Sample detection value of the present invention | Reduced rate (%) |
| Protein | 15.01％ | 8.24％ | 46 |
| Benzo [a] pyrene | 12.37 nanogram/ | 5.69 nanogram/ | 54 |
| Nicotine | 2.9 milligram/ | 1.2 milligram/ | 59 |
| The nitrosamine total amount | 8.67 nmole/ | 3.92 nmole/ | 55 |
| Tar content | 17 milligrams/ | 10 milligrams/ | 42 |
| Suck effect | Pungency is big, pungent | Pungency is weak, no impurity taste | - |
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of optimizing tobacco top raw tobacco is characterized in that: tobacco top raw tobacco is carried out gamma-ray irradiation, and radiation dose is 1KGy-50KGy.
2, the method for optimizing tobacco top raw tobacco according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gamma-ray radiation source of employing is isotopes of cobalt-60 or caesium-137 or iridium-192 or selenium-75, carry out gamma-ray irradiation, can reduce the protein content in the raw tobacco of tobacco top.
3, the method for optimizing tobacco top raw tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adjust irradiation dose, make through proteinic weight percentage in the tobacco top raw tobacco behind the gamma-ray irradiation less than 7-10%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031488315A CN1179671C (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2003-06-13 | Method of optimizing tobacco leaf as upper tobacco material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031488315A CN1179671C (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2003-06-13 | Method of optimizing tobacco leaf as upper tobacco material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1486642A CN1486642A (en) | 2004-04-07 |
| CN1179671C true CN1179671C (en) | 2004-12-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031488315A Expired - Fee Related CN1179671C (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2003-06-13 | Method of optimizing tobacco leaf as upper tobacco material |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102578697A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Irradiation degradation method for tobacco-specific nitrosamines in cigarette |
| CN102599645B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-07-10 | 河南省科学院同位素研究所有限责任公司 | Method for lowering carbon monoxide content in main smoke of cigarette |
| CN110214971B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-12-17 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for improving sensory quality of inferior tobacco leaves |
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2003
- 2003-06-13 CN CNB031488315A patent/CN1179671C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1486642A (en) | 2004-04-07 |
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