CN117959383A - 一种治疗肺结核的中药配方及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗肺结核的中药配方及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117959383A CN117959383A CN202410002314.9A CN202410002314A CN117959383A CN 117959383 A CN117959383 A CN 117959383A CN 202410002314 A CN202410002314 A CN 202410002314A CN 117959383 A CN117959383 A CN 117959383A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗肺结核的中药配方及制备方法,配方包括桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、阿胶、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍和白芷各重量份1份以及鸡蛋三颗。本发明配方的有效成分具有增强免疫的功效、增强巨噬细胞的吞噬以及释放细胞因子、抑制结核分枝杆菌生长的作用。在中医临床上具有清热泻火之功效,可以增加结核病患者释放炎症因子,增强免疫细胞的功能,同时可以在一定程度上杀灭结核分枝杆菌,防止炎症的过度发生,从而降低结核菌感染对于肺部的损伤。且本发明配方还具有益气补阳之功,故对阴虚肺热、肺肾阴虚、气阴两虚、阴阳两虚等型肺结核病疗效肯定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药物技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗肺结核的中药配方及制备方法。
背景技术
结核作为一种最古老的传染病之一,至今依然是世界最致命的疾病之一。结核分枝杆菌是诱发结核的病原菌。肺是结核分枝杆菌主要感染的器官,结核菌容易通过正常的人际交流扩散,结核病人咳嗽,喷嚏甚至讲话过程中产生的小的气溶胶就可传播细菌。在细菌被吸入气道以后,结核菌会被气道中的肺泡巨噬细胞识别并吞噬。临床上的结核感染临床表现为肺组织损伤、体重下降和肺空洞,一旦细菌被肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬,细菌可以依靠自身的逃避机制在细胞内增殖。如果细胞不能有效控制细菌,被感染的细胞就会释放大量的促炎因子和趋化因子已吸引更多的免疫细胞进入被感染的部位,这个过程被认为是有利于细菌的扩散。
常规的结核治疗需要使用不同种类的抗生素。抗生素的使用需要经过两个过程:初始用药和加强用药。初始用药包括两个月疗程的一线抗生素四种:异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺和乙胺丁醇。加强用药只使用异烟肼和利福平,持续用药四个月。病人长期用药理论上讲执行起来有诸多的困难,因此会出现病人吃药不规律或减少用药的情况,这也增加了细菌抵抗力形成的可能性,使日后的防控和治疗情况更复杂。
中药被用于结核的治疗已经有上千年的历史。一些中药及有效成分可以有效提高机体的免疫力,而且一些药物具有天然的抗菌作用,为中药作为结核治疗的一种方式提供了理论基础。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明旨在提供一种治疗肺结核的中药配方及制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种治疗肺结核的中药配方,包括桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、阿胶、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍和白芷各重量份1份以及鸡蛋三颗。
本发明还提供一种利用上述中药配方制备治疗肺结核的中药的方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、头煎:
S1.1、将桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍和白芷混合,先用冷水浸泡30分钟,然后加入砂锅中,再加水没过药材2厘米;
S1.2、先用武火熬煮20-30分钟,再用文火熬煮0.5小时,然后放入鸡蛋三颗原颗煮熟;
S1.3、起锅倒药,用2层纱布或滤网过滤,得到一次药液;
S2、二煎:
S2.1、过滤完得到一次药液后,先取出三颗鸡蛋,然后往所述砂锅里再加冷水,水没过药材;不需要再浸泡,直接上火熬煮;
S2.2、将三颗煮熟的鸡蛋剥壳后,用竹签扎多个小孔,再加入所述砂锅中和药材同煮;
S2.3、先用大火煮沸,立即改成小火,并开始计时,煎15分钟;
S2.4、阿胶以烊化法单独煎煮:先将阿胶打成小碎块,置于加热容器内,然后加入少量热水或黄酒或步骤S1.3所得的部分热的一次药液,隔水加热或直火加热使阿胶完全溶解;
S2.5、步骤S2.3完成后,用2层纱布或滤网过滤得到二次药液;
S2.6、将步骤S2.5过滤得到的二次药液、步骤S1.3得到的一次药液以及步骤S2.4溶解得到的阿胶混合在一起即可服用。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明配方的有效成分具有增强免疫的功效、增强巨噬细胞的吞噬以及释放细胞因子、抑制结核分枝杆菌生长的作用。在中医临床上具有清热泻火之功效,可以增加结核病患者释放炎症因子,增强免疫细胞的功能,同时可以在一定程度上杀灭结核分枝杆菌,防止炎症的过度发生,从而降低结核菌感染对于肺部的损伤。本发明配方诸药合用,性味平和滋养而不腻滞,清降而不凉遏,止血而不留瘀,祛瘀而不伤正,具有推陈致新、标本兼顾之特点。肺津足则清肃之令下行;肾阴足,阳不偏亢,则火不灼肺而咳痰咯血诸症可解。且本发明配方还具有益气补阳之功,故对阴虚肺热、肺肾阴虚、气阴两虚、阴阳两虚等型肺结核病疗效肯定。
具体实施方式
以下将对本发明作进一步的描述,需要说明的是,本实施例以本技术方案为前提,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围并不限于本实施例。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种治疗肺结核的中药配方,包括桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、阿胶、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍和白芷各一钱以及鸡蛋三颗。
桑白皮味甘性寒,归肺脾经。具有泻肺平喘,行水消肿的功效。
天冬味甘苦,性寒。入肺经、肾经。滋阴,润燥,清肺,降火。治阴虚发热,咳嗽吐血,肺痿,肺痈。
大生地也叫生地黄、生地、地黄。味苦,性寒。归心、肝、肾经。治阴虚发热,消渴,吐血,衄血,血崩。为清凉滋润之品,擅长于滋阴清热凉血。
大熟地味甘,性温。归肝经、肾经。滋阴补血,益精填髓,主治阴虚血少,腰膝痿弱,劳嗽骨蒸,内热消渴,血虚萎黄。
阿胶甘,平。入肺经、肝经、肾经。用于阴虚证及燥证,能滋阴润燥,治温燥伤肺,干咳无痰。对出血而兼见阴虚、血虚证者,尤为适宜。
大麦冬味甘、微苦,微寒。归心经、肺经、胃经。养阴润肺,清心除烦,益胃生津。治肺燥干咳,吐血,咯血,肺痿,肺痈,虚劳烦热,消渴,热病津伤。
红花辛,温。入心经、肝经。活血通经,去瘀止痛。治经闭,癥瘕,难产,死胎,产后恶露不行、瘀血作痛,痈肿,跌扑损伤。
杏仁苦,微温;有小毒。有镇咳平喘、防癌消炎、镇痛、等的功效,能促进皮肤微循环,使皮肤红润光泽。可治疗咳嗽、喉痹咽痛、喘促胸满、肠燥便秘、虫毒疮疡等疾病。
川贝母性微寒,味苦、甘。归肺经、心经。主要功效是清热润肺、化痰止咳。属化痰止咳平喘药清化热痰药。
肥知母苦,寒。入肺、胃、肾经。用于肺热咳嗽或阴虚燥咳、痰稠等证。有清泻肺火,滋阴润肺之效,常与贝母同用以清肺化痰止咳,即二母散。
甘草性平;味甘。归心、脾、肺、胃经。能祛痰止咳。随证配伍,可用于寒热虚实多种咳喘证,有痰无痰均宜。药性和缓,与寒热补泻各类药物同用能缓和烈性或减轻毒副作用。
白芍苦、酸,微寒。归肝经、脾经。养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗。治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。
白芷辛,温。入肺经、脾经、胃经。祛风,燥湿,消肿,止痛。治头痛,眉棱骨痛,齿痛,鼻渊,寒湿腹痛,肠风痔漏,赤白带下,痈疽疮疡,皮肤燥痒,疥癣。
实施例2
对于咳血病重者,本实施例的治疗肺结核的中药配方包括桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、阿胶、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍、白芷各二钱以及鸡蛋三颗。
实施例3
本实施例提供利用实施例1或2所述中药配方制备治疗肺结核的中药的方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、头煎:
S1.1、将桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍和白芷混合,先用冷水浸泡30分钟,然后加入砂锅中,再加水没过药材2厘米左右(水约600毫升)。
S1.2、先用武火熬煮30分钟,再用文火熬煮0.5小时,放入鸡蛋三颗原颗煮熟。
S1.3、起锅倒药,用2层纱布或滤网过滤,得到一次药液150毫升。
S2、二煎:
S2.1、过滤完得到一次药液后,先取出三颗鸡蛋,然后往所述砂锅里再加冷水,水没过药材;不需要再浸泡,直接上火熬煮;
S2.2、将三颗煮熟的鸡蛋剥壳后,用竹签扎多个小孔,再加入所述砂锅中和药材同煮;
S2.3、先用大火煮沸,立即改成小火,并开始计时,煎15分钟;
S2.4、阿胶以烊化法单独煎煮:先将阿胶打成小碎块,置于加热容器内,然后加入少量热水或黄酒或步骤S1.3所得的部分热的一次药液,隔水加热或直火加热使阿胶完全溶解;
S2.5、步骤S2.3完成后,用2层纱布或滤网过滤得到二次药液;
S2.6、将步骤S2.5过滤得到的二次药液、步骤S1.3得到的一次药液以及步骤S2.4溶解得到的阿胶混合在一起即可服用。
需要说明的是,煎药最好用砂锅、砂壶、不锈钢锅或搪瓷锅,忌用铁锅、铝锅,因为金属元素容易与药液中的中药成分发生化学反应。煎药时要注意火候,要不时轻轻搅拌,防治药物溢锅、糊锅、干锅。滤网不要使用铝、铁和不耐高温的塑料材质。
阿胶要单独煎煮,因胶类药材与别的药共煎时,易部分溶化黏附他药,影响有效成分的溶出;在煎煮沸腾过程中,又易引起药液外溢和部分胶质沉入罐底黏底焦糊;在与草木类药物共煎时,易被其他药物吸附而浪费药材;汤液浓度高,黏性大,也不利于过滤,因此就需要采用烊化溶融。
实验
(1)选取实验对象
选取肺结核患者120例,男性66例,女性54例,年龄25-76岁,平均((42.32±11.23)岁。纳入标准:经临床诊断确诊为肺结核患者;无其它严重疾病者。排除标准:合并其他严重疾病者;对实施例1配方所使用药物过敏者。在患者知情同意的基础上,将其按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。观察组男性38例、女性22例,年龄25-72岁。对照组男性36例、女性24例,年龄25-76岁。两组患者在性别、年龄等方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。所有患者均符合国家中医药管理局颁布的《中医病症诊断疗效标准-肺结核诊断标准》。
(2)治疗方法
对照组按复治菌阳肺结核强化期化疗方案,单用西药抗痨治疗:〔异烟肼(H)、利福平(R)、吡嗪酰胺(Z)、乙胺丁醇(E)、链霉素(S)隔日1次,共2个月〕。药物剂量:隔日顿服H0.6gR 0.6gZ2.0g、E 1.25g,隔日肌肉注射S 0.75g。
观察组在对照组治疗基础上加中药治疗。治法以养阴润肺、益气健脾为主,兼以清热化痰、活血祛瘀。按实施例1的中药配方和实施例3的制备方法制备得到治疗肺结核的中药汤,服用方法为空腹服用,先吃鸡蛋再喝药液,每日一次,早晚皆可,疗程为2个月。
(3)观察结果
对所收集的资料采用统计学软件SPSS17.0数据包进行分析,计量资料采用均值±标准差(S)来表示,计量资料的对比采用t检验,计数资料的对比采用卡方检验P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。
两组患者临床疗效比较观察组治疗总有效率为91.67%(65/60),显著高于对照组的60.00%(36/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验结果见表。
对于本领域的技术人员来说,可以根据以上的技术方案和构思,给出各种相应的改变和变形,而所有的这些改变和变形,都应该包括在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗肺结核的中药配方,其特征在于,包括桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、阿胶、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍和白芷各重量份1份以及鸡蛋三颗。
2.一种利用权利要求1所述中药配方制备治疗肺结核的中药的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、头煎:
S1.1、将桑白皮、天冬、大生地、大熟地、大麦冬、红花、杏仁、川贝母、肥知母、甘草、白芍和白芷混合,先用冷水浸泡30分钟,然后加入砂锅中,再加水没过药材2厘米;
S1.2、先用武火熬煮20-30分钟,再用文火熬煮0.5小时,然后放入鸡蛋三颗原颗煮熟;
S1.3、起锅倒药,用2层纱布或滤网过滤,得到一次药液;
S2、二煎:
S2.1、过滤完得到一次药液后,先取出三颗鸡蛋,然后往所述砂锅里再加冷水,水没过药材;不需要再浸泡,直接上火熬煮;
S2.2、将三颗煮熟的鸡蛋剥壳后,用竹签扎多个小孔,再加入所述砂锅中和药材同煮;
S2.3、先用大火煮沸,立即改成小火,并开始计时,煎15分钟;
S2.4、阿胶以烊化法单独煎煮:先将阿胶打成小碎块,置于加热容器内,然后加入少量热水或黄酒或步骤S1.3所得的部分热的一次药液,隔水加热或直火加热使阿胶完全溶解;
S2.5、步骤S2.3完成后,用2层纱布或滤网过滤得到二次药液;
S2.6、将步骤S2.5过滤得到的二次药液、步骤S1.3得到的一次药液以及步骤S2.4溶解得到的阿胶混合在一起即可服用。
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