CN117958259B - 一种驱避普通大蓟马的化合物及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种驱避普通大蓟马的化合物及其应用，本发明属于趋避剂技术领域。本发明提供了一种驱避普通大蓟马的化合物，所述化合物包括1‑辛烯‑3‑醇和异辛醇中的任意一种或其组合。本发明提供的化合物对普通大蓟马的驱避作用显著且能达到对环境友好的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及趋避剂技术领域，尤其涉及一种驱避普通大蓟马的化合物及其应用。
背景技术
植物中的挥发性化合物不仅赋予植物独特的气味，同时还可以帮助植物抵御环境胁迫，是昆虫和植物之间重要的信息交流媒介。比如萜烯类挥发物芳樟醇等具有驱避植物害虫和吸引害虫天敌的作用。利用植物中具有防御功能的挥发性化合物可以为害虫的绿色综合治理提供新的方法，达到经济、社会和生态效益的统一，符合害虫可持续控制的目标。
普通大蓟马是豇豆上危害最为严重的害虫之一，造成豇豆嫩叶和花的生长点受损，叶片卷曲，花苞不能正常发育，豆荚出现“黑头黑尾”的症状，大幅降低豇豆的产量和经济价值。防治普通大蓟马过度依赖化学农药会容易造成农残超标，危害食品安全健康，同时又刺激蓟马抗药性的进一步增加。因此，研究一种既能对普通大蓟马的驱避效应显著还能对环境友好的植物性化合物是当下亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种驱避普通大蓟马的化合物，对普通大蓟马的驱避作用显著且能达到对环境友好的效果。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明提供了一种驱避普通大蓟马的化合物，所述化合物包括1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇中的任意一种或其组合。
优选的，所述化合物为1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇的组合时，1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇体积比为1~2:1~2。
优选的，所述化合物为1-辛烯-3-醇时，使用3~8%的乙醇将1-辛烯-3-醇稀释10~1×105倍。
优选的，所述化合物为异辛醇时，使用3~8%的乙醇将异辛醇的稀释10~1×105倍。
优选的，所述化合物为1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇的组合时，使用3~8%的乙醇将其稀释为10~1×105倍。
本发明还提供了一种所述的化合物在驱避普通大蓟马中的应用。
本发明使用的1-辛烯-3-醇又名蘑菇醇，是一种脂肪酸类的挥发性化合物，外观为无色至淡黄色油状液体，具有蘑菇、薰衣草、玫瑰和干草香味，主要存在于薄荷、百里香和鲜蘑菇中，可用做香精香料和制药原料。异辛醇为无色至淡黄色油状液体，有甜味和淡淡的花香，主要用做生产增塑剂、消泡剂、分散剂、选矿剂和石油添加剂。1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇采购容易，市售价格便宜。两者单独或组合后对普通大蓟马的驱避作用显著，且能做到对环境友好的效果。
附图说明
图1为利用Y形管进行普通大蓟马的趋避实验示意图。
图2为实施例1的趋避实验结果统计图。
图3为实施例2的趋避实验结果统计图。
图4为实施例3的趋避实验结果统计图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明，但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
本发明所用的普通大蓟马采集自海南省三亚市豇豆田中，1-辛烯-3-醇采购自阿拉丁试剂。
Y形管选择性实验
实验采用Y形管检测普通大蓟马对不同气味的选择性。
辛烯-3-醇用5%的乙醇分别稀释10倍，100倍，1000倍，10,000倍和100,000倍。Y形管的两臂分别放置稀释好的1-辛烯-3-醇和对照试剂5%的乙醇。将普通大蓟马放置于Y形管的底部，观察其对两臂的方向选择性（图1）。每次测试50只普通大蓟马，重复5次。结果如图2所示，由图2可知，普通大蓟马明显倾向于选择对照试剂，表明不同浓度的1-辛烯-3-醇对普通大蓟马均具有较好的驱避作用，驱避率（驱避的虫子数除以总的测试虫子数）分别为80%，77.27%，65.30%，76.47%，73.97%。
实施例2
异辛醇采购自阿拉丁试剂。按照实施例1的方式，将异辛醇用5%的乙醇分别稀释10倍，100倍，1000倍，10,000倍和100,000倍。Y形管的两臂分别放置稀释好的异辛醇和对照试剂5%的乙醇。将普通大蓟马放置于Y形管的底部，观察其对两臂的方向选择性。每次测试50只普通大蓟马，重复5次。结果由图3可知，普通大蓟马明显倾向于选择对照试剂，表明不同浓度的异辛醇对普通大蓟马均具有较好的驱避作用，驱避率分别为80.16%，76.28%，72.68%，70.84%，69.70%。
实施例3
按照实施例1的方式，将1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇按体积比1:1混合，得到混合物，将混合物用5%的乙醇分别稀释10倍，100倍，1000倍，10,000倍和100,000倍。Y形管的两臂分别放置稀释好的1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇1:1混合物和对照试剂5%的乙醇。将普通大蓟马放置于Y形管的底部，观察其对两臂的方向选择性。每次测试50只普通大蓟马，重复5次。由图4可知，普通大蓟马明显倾向于选择对照试剂，表明不同浓度的1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇1:1混合物对普通大蓟马均具有较好的驱避作用，驱避率分别为82.44%，78.07%，79.63%，80.38%，76.17%。在稀释100,000倍后，1-辛烯-3-醇、异辛醇以及1-辛烯-3-醇和异辛醇1:1混合物仍有很好的驱避作用。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.1-辛烯-3-醇在驱避普通大蓟马中的应用。
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