CN117916483A - 用于商用车的盘式制动器 - Google Patents

用于商用车的盘式制动器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117916483A
CN117916483A CN202280061256.6A CN202280061256A CN117916483A CN 117916483 A CN117916483 A CN 117916483A CN 202280061256 A CN202280061256 A CN 202280061256A CN 117916483 A CN117916483 A CN 117916483A
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Prior art keywords
brake
brake carrier
carrier
guide
disc brake
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CN202280061256.6A
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D·哈伯曼
A·阿森
T·埃希勒
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
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Publication of CN117916483A publication Critical patent/CN117916483A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • F16D55/22655—Constructional details of guide pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • F16D55/227—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing by two or more pins

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于商用车的盘式制动器，所述盘式制动器包括：搭接制动盘的制动钳，所述制动钳通过两个导向杆(2)可移动地保持在位置固定的制动托架(1)上，其中，每个导向杆(2)具有通过拧入制动托架(1)的螺纹孔(8)中的螺钉(4)与制动托架(1)连接的导向衬套(3)，所述导向衬套不可相对转动地保持在制动托架(1)上，该盘式制动器构造为，使得导向衬套(3)的贴靠在制动托架(1)上的端侧具有环绕的凸起(10)，该凸起压紧到制动托架(1)的配设的表面上。

Description

用于商用车的盘式制动器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于商用车的盘式制动器。
背景技术
这种盘式制动器的制动钳可移动地保持在车辆侧的制动托架上，为此设置导向杆，所述导向杆分别由导向衬套和在导向衬套中导向的拧入位置固定的、即车辆侧的制动托架的螺纹孔中、通常拧入制动托架角状部中的螺钉组成。
相应的导向衬套以端侧贴靠在制动托架的配设的表面上，其中，作为螺钉使用高强度螺钉，所述高强度螺钉在预紧力下将所述导向杆压紧到所述制动托架上。
在许多情况下使用如下制动托架，即其面向导向衬套的表面设有减少摩擦系数的例如由磷酸锌制成的涂层。
然而因此，由于导向衬套和制动托架之间的摩擦锁合降低，导向衬套扭转的风险提高，这可导致螺钉的预紧力的损失并最终导致螺钉松动。
由此产生对盘式制动器整体的运行和功能安全性的限制，因为松脱螺纹连接最终导致制动器完全失效。盘式制动器是与安全相关的构件，因此这种风险是不可接受的情况。
为了在此实现补救，在DE 10 2013 109 673 A1中建议，在导向衬套和制动托架之间布置以两个楔形锁紧垫圈的形式的锁紧元件，其在周向上的楔形面在啮合的意义上嵌入彼此。
虽然通过这种结构实现了防扭转，但其只是通过提供额外的构件、即上述的楔形锁紧垫圈来实现的，而采购这些构件与额外的成本相关联，这与优化成本的努力背道而驰。
发明内容
本发明的目的是进一步开发这种类型的盘式制动器，使得其功能和运行安全性以很少的结构和制造技术的耗费而得到改善。
该目的由具有权利要求1的特征的盘式制动器实现。
所述目的的根据本发明的解决方案原则上在于，增加导向衬套在制动托架上、即在配设的制动托架角状部上的贴靠区域中的面压紧，由此摩擦系数增加，通过该摩擦系数增加，只要螺钉产生相应的压紧压力，就有效地防止导向衬套的扭转。
即使制动托架在贴靠区域中的表面设有如在现有技术中所述的摩擦系数降低的例如以磷酸锌的形式的涂层，也存在这种摩擦锁合。
根据本发明的有利的进一步发展，导向衬套、至少根据本发明的凸起由比制动托架更硬的材料构成，其中，导向衬套整体由较硬的钢制成，或者凸起通过相应的处理而较硬。
可以想到的是，为在导向衬套和制动托架之间的贴靠区域例如设置增加摩擦系数的膏体或进行硬化的涂层，后者在凸起的贴靠区域中、必要时也在导向衬套的端侧的邻接的形成贴靠面的区域中。作为增加摩擦系数的另一替代方案，可以在导向衬套的端侧上设置增加摩擦系数的置入物。
凸起本身可以在其横截面方面不同地设计，例如，作为具有三角形横截面的尖棱脊或作为具有平坦的面的凸起。在任何情况下，较高的面压紧导致该凸起可以说埋入制动托架中。
凸起的布置也可能不同。为了导向衬套的对中，已知其在端侧设有成型的凸颈，该凸颈插入制动托架的螺纹孔的凹陷部中，而导向衬套的邻近凸颈的环形贴靠面贴靠在制动托架的邻近外侧上。根据本发明的凸起构造在环形贴靠面上，替代地构造在外部边缘区域上或贴靠面的大致中心。
当凸起构造为脊、即具有环绕的尖棱时，该脊可以在横截面中构造为等腰三角形或仅构造有一个斜面。在此，脊与螺钉预紧力相结合而产生径向外部的应力集中，即在导向衬套的贴靠面上并通过最大作用的杠杆臂相对于从外部作用到导向杆上的力矩使在扭转方向上的阻力力矩显著增加。
当凸起构造为尖棱脊(所述脊通过螺钉预紧力使制动托架的表面塑性变形)时，也会导致阻力力矩的增加，这类似于钻夹头的锥形接纳部。
此外，本发明的特殊优点是，导向衬套可以以较低的制造技术的耗费实现，这对于盘式制动器作为系列零件以大的件数生产是很重要的。因此，本发明在很大程度上满足了成本优化的要求。
也有助于此的是，根据本发明的导向衬套可以事后安装到已经安装的制动托架中，使得可以改装相应的盘式制动器，特别是不需要为此对制动托架进行特殊加工。
此外，现在可能省略单独的锁紧机构、例如在现有技术中描述的楔形锁紧垫圈，这导致成本最小化。
本发明的进一步有利发展在从属权利要求书中示出。
附图说明
本发明的实施例根据附图描述如下。
在附图中：
图1示出已安装有导向杆的制动托架的剖切透视图；
图2示出导向杆与制动托架的连接区域的剖切侧视图；
图3示出根据图2中的记录III的、连接区域上的放大部分；
图4和图5分别示出本发明的不同实施变体的透视图；
图6在导向杆与制动托架的连接区域中示出本发明的另一实施例；
图7示出根据图6的导向衬套的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了在功能上位置固定地保持在车辆上的制动托架1，其具有相对置的制动托架角状部5，盘式制动器的未示出的制动片贴靠在所述制动托架角状部上。
在两个平齐地相对置的制动托架角状部5上固定导向杆2，从而通过导向杆2的圆柱形的导向衬套3引导螺钉4，该螺钉拧入配设的制动托架角状部5的螺纹孔8(图2)中。
在这些导向杆2上轴向可移动地支承有未示出的制动钳，该制动钳也已知为移动钳。
作为螺钉4，优选地使用内六角螺钉，其以其头部置入导向衬套3的凹陷部中。
导向衬套3在其面向制动托架1的端侧上具有直径较小的凸颈6，如从图2非常清楚地可见，该凸颈置入螺纹孔8的凹陷部7中。
导向衬套3的面向制动托架角状部5的端侧、即从凸颈6径向延伸出的贴靠面9具有环绕的凸起10，该凸起在本例中构造为脊，所述脊布置在贴靠面9的配设给导向衬套3的外周面的径向端部区域中。
在图3中，在示例中横截面为三角形的凸起10在放大图中可见，其中还可以看到，凸起10在制动托架1的材料变形情况下被压入制动托架角状部5的表面中。
凸起10的在图2和3中示出的示例再次在图4中示出，其中，可清楚地看到凸起10构造为脊。
在示出导向衬套3的设有凸起10的端部区域的图5中，构造为脊的凸起10大致构造在径向贴靠面9的中心。
凸起10的另一变体在图6和图7中可见，其中，图6剖切地示出了导向衬套3与制动托架角状部5的连接区域。特别是在示出与图4和图5相似的视图的图7中可以看到，凸起10具有扁平的布置在贴靠面9的外部边缘区域上的形状，从而在凸起10在制动托架角状部5的表面上的贴靠区域中实现了高的面压紧。
附图标记列表
1 制动托架
2 导向杆
3 导向衬套
4 螺钉
5 制动托架角状部
6 凸颈
7 凹陷部
8 螺纹孔
9 贴靠面
10 凸起

Claims (10)

1.一种用于商用车的盘式制动器，包括：搭接制动盘的制动钳，所述制动钳通过两个导向杆(2)可移动地保持在位置固定的制动托架(1)上，其中，每个导向杆(2)具有通过拧入制动托架(1)的螺纹孔(8)中的螺钉(4)与制动托架(1)连接的导向衬套(3)，所述导向衬套不可相对转动地保持在制动托架(1)上，其特征在于，导向衬套(3)的贴靠在制动托架(1)上的端侧具有环绕的凸起(10)，该凸起压紧到制动托架(1)的配设的表面上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，凸起(10)比制动托架(1)的材料更硬，特别是被硬化。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的盘式制动器，特征在于，导向衬套(3)在制动托架(1)上的贴靠面(9)以及凸起(10)设有增加摩擦系数的膏体或硬化涂层或增加摩擦系数的置入物。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，凸起(10)构造为脊。
5.根据上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，脊在横截面中是三角形的。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，凸起(10)设置在贴靠面(9)的配设给导向衬套(3)的外周侧的边缘区域上。
7.根据前述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，凸起(10)大致设置在贴靠面(9)的中心区域中。
8.根据前述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，脊在横截面中构造为等腰三角形或非等腰三角形。
9.根据前述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，凸起(10)具有平坦的端面。
10.根据前述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，导向衬套(3)在其面向制动托架(1)的端侧上具有同心的凸颈(6)，所述凸颈相对于径向连接的向导向衬套(3)的外周侧延伸的贴靠面(9)突出并且插入到制动托架(1)的凹陷部(7)中。
CN202280061256.6A 2021-09-14 2022-08-08 用于商用车的盘式制动器 Pending CN117916483A (zh)

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DE102021123775.0 2021-09-14
DE102021123775.0A DE102021123775A1 (de) 2021-09-14 2021-09-14 Scheibenbremse für ein Nutzfahrzeug
PCT/EP2022/072278 WO2023041252A1 (de) 2021-09-14 2022-08-08 Scheibenbremse für ein nutzfahrzeug

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JPS5852308U (ja) 1981-10-06 1983-04-09 佐藤　久美 溶接ネジ
US4827756A (en) 1987-01-09 1989-05-09 Textron Inc. Fastener fabrication method
GB2298156A (en) 1995-02-24 1996-08-28 Avdel Systems Ltd Fastener for securing panels
DE10242102A1 (de) * 2002-09-11 2004-03-25 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Führungsbolzen einer Schwimmsattel-Scheibenbremse
DE102012006081B4 (de) 2012-03-26 2015-04-30 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Scheibenbremse eines Nutzfahrzeugs und Führungsholm
DE102012013957A1 (de) * 2012-07-13 2014-01-16 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Scheibenbremse für ein Nutzfahrzeug
DE102012021690A1 (de) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-08 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Scheibenbremse für ein Nutzfahrzeug
DE102013109673A1 (de) 2013-09-05 2015-03-05 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Scheibenbremse für ein Nutzfahrzeug
CN108474424B (zh) * 2015-11-05 2021-02-09 克诺尔商用车制动系统有限公司 用于商用车的盘式制动器

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WO2023041252A1 (de) 2023-03-23
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