CN117866608A - 一种低伤害压裂液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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Abstract
公开了一种低伤害压裂液及其制备方法,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:四元共聚稠化剂0.6wt%;有机锆交联剂0.5wt%;粘土稳定剂0.8wt%;水杨酸0.4wt%;温度稳定剂0.1wt%;表面活性剂1.4wt%。与现有技术相比,本发明所述低伤害压裂液对岩心的伤害率明显更低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于油田开采压裂技术领域;涉及一种低伤害压裂液及其制备方法。
背景技术
在我国各大小油田中,非常规油气藏所占比例较大,开采非常规油气藏成为我国陆上石油增储上产的必经之路。压裂作为油气藏的主要增产、增注措施己得到广泛应用,其目的是最大程度提高储层导流能力,从而增加油气产量。
压裂液是压裂技术的重要组成部分,其必须具有较高粘度、高抗剪切性、优异的携砂能力和破胶无残渣的环保性等特点。在现场施工中,压裂液作用是将地面设备所形成的高压传递到地下储层中,其高压使得储层在原有裂缝基础上形成新的裂缝,撑开或扩大原有裂缝,同时通过其携砂性能将支撑剂带入地层中去。在整个施工过程中,根据作用机制不同,压裂液分别称为前置液、携砂液、顶替液。常用的压裂液有水基压裂液、油基压裂液、乳状压裂液、泡沫压裂液和VES压裂液。
不同的压裂液体系有着不同的特点与适用范围,综合对比如下:油基压裂液流变性差成本高,泡沫压裂液施工不便,乳化压裂液油水比难控制及VES压裂液滤失大、成本高。水基压裂液的使用范围广、成本低及易控制,使得水基压裂液得到了广泛的应用。
中国发明专利申请CN107236532A公开了一种清洁压裂液及其制备方法。本发明提供了一种新型清洁压裂液,以重量份计,至少包括缔合型聚合物稠化剂0.1-0.5份;表面活性剂0.1-0.7份;交联剂0.3-0.8份;纤维素0.2-0.6份;胶囊破胶剂0.001-0.05份;水100份;所述缔合型聚合物稠化剂由丙烯酸盐、丙烯酰胺、季铵盐、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、脂肪族聚氨酯六丙烯酸酯通过引发剂在水溶液中聚合得到。
中国发明专利申请CN116042207A公开了一种耐高温的压裂液及其制备方法,按重量百分比计,所述压裂液的组分包括:0.1-0.9%稠化剂、0.5-1.5%氯化钾、0.4-0.8%交联剂、0.03-0.2%温度稳定剂、0.01%-0.5%破胶剂、0.05-2.5%助排剂、0.05-0.4%pH调节剂,水补充余量至100%,所述稠化剂由丙烯酰胺单体、阳离子单体、阴离子单体和引发剂经共聚反应而成,所述交联剂为聚硼类交联剂;通过控制稠化剂和交联剂的分子链结构和功能基团,使体系的交联程度增加,其高温剪切性能更加稳定,具有良好的剪切恢复性能、携岩能力、降摩阻性能,破胶后无残渣,对地层无损伤。
然而,现有压裂液对岩心的伤害率仍然不能令人满意。因此,迫切需要提供一种低伤害压裂液及其制备方法。
发明内容
针对现有技术的缺陷,本发明目的是提供一种低伤害压裂液及其制备方法。与现有技术相比,本发明所述低伤害压裂液对岩心的伤害率明显更低。
为了实现上述目的,一方面,本发明所采取的技术方案如下:一种低伤害压裂液及其制备方法,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述四元共聚稠化剂由包括以下的步骤方法制备:
称量一定量的丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱预聚体;其中,丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱预聚体的摩尔比为(400-600):(10-30):(5-15):(0.1-0.3);将其溶解于适量去离子水,控制一定的固含量,并且使用碱液调节pH值;通入氮气搅拌,升温;加入氧化还原引发剂;恒温搅拌反应,期间溶液变粘稠后停止搅拌;最终得到凝胶;洗涤干燥,得到四元共聚稠化剂粉末。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述预聚体由2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱、4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)在适量引发剂存在下反应得到;2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱、4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)的摩尔比为(90-150):1。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述预聚体的平均分子量Mn=(0.5-4)×104g/mol;多分散度Mw/Mn=1.05-1.4。
有利地,所述四元共聚稠化剂的含量为0.2-1wt%,优选0.4-0.8wt%。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述有机锆交联剂为四(三乙醇胺)锆。
有利地,所述有机锆交联剂的含量为0.3-0.7wt%,优选0.4-0.6wt%。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述粘土稳定剂为氯化铵。
有利地,所述粘土稳定剂的含量为0.4-1.2wt%,优选0.6-1wt%。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述温度稳定剂为硫代硫酸钠。
有利地,所述温度稳定剂的含量为0.02-0.2wt%,优选0.05-0.15wt%。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述表面活性剂为十四烷基三甲基氯化铵。
有利地,所述表面活性剂的含量为0.6-2.2wt%,优选1-1.8wt%。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述压裂液为水基压裂液。
根据本发明所述的压裂液,其中,所述压裂液的pH值为4.0-6.0。
有利地,所述压裂液的pH值为4.5-5.5。
与现有技术相比,本发明所述低伤害压裂液对岩心的伤害率明显更低。
具体实施方式
必须指出的是,除非上下文另外明确规定,否则如本说明书及所附权利要求中所用,单数形式“一”、“一个/种”和“该/所述”既可包括一个指代物,又可包括多个指代物(即两个以上,包括两个)。
除非另外指明,否则本发明中的数值范围为大约的,并且因此可以包括在所述范围外的值。所述数值范围可在本发明表述为从“约”一个特定值和/或至“约”另一个特定值。当表述这样的范围时,另一个方面包括从所述一个特定值和/或至另一个特定值。相似地,当通过使用先行词“约”将值表示为近似值时,应当理解,所述特定值形成另一个方面。还应当理解,数值范围中每一个的端点在与另一个端点的关系中均是重要的并独立于另一个端点。
在说明书和最后的权利要求书中提及组合物或制品中特定元素或组分的重量份是指组合物或制品中该元素或组分与任何其它元素或组分之间以重量份表述的重量关系。
在本发明中,除非具体指出有相反含义,或基于上下文的语境或所属技术领域内惯用方式的暗示,否则本发明中提及的溶液均为水溶液;当水溶液的溶质为液体时,所有分数以及百分比均按体积计,且组分的体积百分比基于包含该组分的组合物或产品的总体积;当水溶液的溶质为固体时,所有分数以及百分比均按重量计,且组分的重量百分比基于包含该组分的组合物或产品的总重量。
本发明中提及的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”以及类似术语并不意欲排除任何可选组分、步骤或程序的存在,而无论是否具体公开任何可选组分、步骤或程序。为了避免任何疑问,除非存在相反陈述,否则通过使用术语“包含”要求的所有方法可以包括一个或多个额外步骤、设备零件或组成部分以及/或物质。相比之下,术语“由……组成”排除未具体叙述或列举的任何组分、步骤或程序。除非另外说明,否则术语“或”是指单独以及以任何组合形式列举的成员。
此外,本发明中任何所参考的专利文献或非专利文献的内容都以其全文引用的方式并入本发明,尤其关于所属领域中公开的定义(在并未与本发明具体提供的任何定义不一致的情况下)和常识。
在本发明中,除非另外指明,否则份数均为重量份,温度均以℃表示或处于环境温度下,并且压力为大气压或接近大气压。室温表示20-30℃。存在反应条件(例如组分浓度、所需的溶剂、溶剂混合物、温度、压力和其它反应范围)以及可用于优化通过所述方法得到的产物纯度和收率的条件的多种变型形式和组合。将只需要合理的常规实验来优化此类方法条件。
合成例
将2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱MAP(53.2g,176.8mmol)、4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)(0.5g,1.5mmol)和偶氮二氰基戊酸(82mg,0.3mmol)加入到100g无水甲醇中,固含量为35wt%。将其倒入三口烧瓶中并通入氮气搅拌30min,使其混合均匀。在氮气保护下升温至60℃,恒温搅拌反应4h。将反应混合物溶液暴露于空气并猝冷至20℃,从而使聚合反应终止。在反应混合物溶液中,加入8倍体积的丙酮,产生白色沉淀。使用甲醇溶解白色沉淀,并用丙酮重结晶2次。使用适量去离子水溶解白色产物,得到2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱MAP预聚体。
在红外光谱FT-IR图中,MAP预聚体的振动吸收峰位置主要分布在2928cm-1、2865cm-1、1724cm-1、1238cm-1、1179cm-1、1094cm-1、977cm-1和812cm-1。根据凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测定,MAP预聚体的平均分子量Mn=1.72×104g/mol;多分散度Mw/Mn=1.18。
分别称量一定量的丙烯酰胺AM(36g,500mmol)、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸AMPS(4.15g,20mmol)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵DMDAAC(1.62g,10mmol)和MAP预聚体(3.44g,0.2mmol)。将丙烯酰胺AM和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸AMPS溶解于适量去离子水,将其倒入三口烧瓶中;再将二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵DMDAAC和MAP预聚体溶解于适量去离子水,加入到三口烧瓶中,控制固含量为30wt%,并且使用NaOH溶液调节pH=7.0。通入氮气搅拌1h,使其混合均匀。在氮气保护下升温至50℃,加入质量比2:1的过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠作为氧化还原引发剂,其加入量为单体总重量的0.15wt%。50℃恒温搅拌反应6h,期间溶液变粘稠后停止搅拌,得到浅黄色透明状凝胶。使用无水乙醇和丙酮各自洗涤3次,真空干燥,最终得到四元共聚稠化剂粉末。
在红外光谱FT-IR图中,四元共聚稠化剂粉末的振动吸收峰位置主要分布在3438cm-1、3195cm-1、2922cm-1、2853cm-1、1722cm-1、1661cm-1、1562cm-1、1450cm-1、1224cm-1、1182cm-1、1097cm-1、1041cm-1、975cm-1、810cm-1和624cm-1。
使用奥氏粘度计测定四元共聚稠化剂的粘均分子量为389.25万。测定基本条件为:流出体积为5mL,毛细管直径1.2mm。测试温度为室温。溶剂:0.2M氯化钠水溶液,毛细管流出时间7.08s。
实施例1
一种低伤害压裂液,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
所述压裂液的pH值为5.0。
实施例2
一种低伤害压裂液,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
所述压裂液的pH值为5.2。
实施例3
一种低伤害压裂液,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
所述压裂液的pH值为4.8。
比较例1
一种低伤害压裂液,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
所述压裂液的pH值为5.0。
其中,三元共聚稠化剂的制备方法如下:分别称量一定量的丙烯酰胺AM(36g,500mmol)、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸AMPS(4.15g,20mmol)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵DMDAAC(1.62g,10mmol)。将丙烯酰胺AM和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸AMPS溶解于适量去离子水,将其倒入三口烧瓶中;再将二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵DMDAAC溶解于适量去离子水,加入到三口烧瓶中,控制固含量为30wt%,并且使用NaOH溶液调节pH=7.0。通入氮气搅拌1h,使其混合均匀。在氮气保护下升温至50℃,加入质量比2:1的过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠作为氧化还原引发剂,其加入量为单体总重量的0.15wt%。50℃恒温搅拌反应6h,期间溶液变粘稠后停止搅拌。最终得到白色透明状凝胶。使用无水乙醇和丙酮各自洗涤3次,真空干燥,得到三元共聚稠化剂粉末。
性能评价
根据国家标准GB/T 29172-2012《岩心分析方法》对岩心进行选取、处理以及石油行业标准SY/T 5107-2005《水基压裂液性能评价方法》评价岩心伤害比例。实施例1-3对岩心的伤害率分别为6.4%、8.1%和7.3%;比较例1对岩心的伤害率为16.9%。可以看出,尽管它们均小于石油天然气行业标准SY/T6376-2008《压裂液通用技术条件》规定的≤20%,但实施例1-3明显优于比较例1。
此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明的技术方案作出各种改动、替换、删减、修正或调整,这些等价技术方案同样落于本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种低伤害压裂液及其制备方法,其特征在于,以重量百分比计,包括以下原料:
2.根据权利要求1所述的压裂液,其中,所述四元共聚稠化剂由包括以下的步骤方法制备:
称量一定量的丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱预聚体;其中,丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱预聚体的摩尔比为(400-600):(10-30):(5-15):(0.1-0.3);将其溶解于适量去离子水,控制一定的固含量,并且使用碱液调节pH值;通入氮气搅拌,升温;加入氧化还原引发剂;恒温搅拌反应,期间溶液变粘稠后停止搅拌;最终得到凝胶;洗涤干燥,得到四元共聚稠化剂粉末。
3.根据权利要求2所述的压裂液,其中,所述预聚体由2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱、4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)在适量引发剂存在下反应得到;2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酸胆碱、4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)的摩尔比为(90-150):1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的压裂液,其中,所述预聚体的平均分子量Mn=(0.5-4)×104g/mol;多分散度Mw/Mn=1.05-1.4。
5.根据权利要求1所述的压裂液,其中,所述有机锆交联剂为四(三乙醇胺)锆。
6.根据权利要求1所述的压裂液,其中,所述粘土稳定剂为氯化铵。
7.根据权利要求1所述的压裂液,其中,所述温度稳定剂为硫代硫酸钠。
8.根据权利要求1所述的压裂液,其中,所述表面活性剂为十四烷基三甲基氯化铵。
9.根据权利要求1所述的压裂液,其中,所述压裂液为水基压裂液。
10.根据权利要求1所述的压裂液,其中,所述压裂液的pH值为4.0-6.0。
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