CN117794390A - 发酵苹果组合物 - Google Patents
发酵苹果组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117794390A CN117794390A CN202280012234.0A CN202280012234A CN117794390A CN 117794390 A CN117794390 A CN 117794390A CN 202280012234 A CN202280012234 A CN 202280012234A CN 117794390 A CN117794390 A CN 117794390A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种具有减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的作用的发酵苹果组合物,及其用于预防或改善肠炎的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发酵苹果组合物,及其用于预防或改善肠炎的用途。
背景技术
肠道是接触外来物质的主要场所,在保护我们身体免受多种外界刺激方面起到重要作用。肠道的防御主要基于肠道的结构特征和内在动力,其次,所述防御机制通过与肠道上皮细胞的通透性有关的细胞和体液免疫起次级作用。
存在于细胞间的紧密连接影响肠道上皮细胞的通透性。当紧密连接因肠道中的刺激或损伤而松弛时,有害分子(病原体、毒素、抗原等)过度透过肠道的上皮细胞,引起内毒素血症,扰乱黏膜免疫系统并诱导炎症反应,导致肠道疾病或者伴有炎症的全身疾病。
炎症性肠道疾病(IBD)是一种由中性粒细胞介导导致的疾病,近来在各种肠道疾病中其发病率呈增长趋势。这些中性粒细胞被在发炎的黏膜中增加的白介素-8(IL-8)吸引(非专利文献0001)。IL-8是一种炎性细胞因子,除了吸引中性粒细胞外,还参与肿瘤发生和血管生成,并且在多种病理状态(例如慢性炎症和癌症等)下起重要作用(非专利文献0002)。例如,各种类型的细胞(包括巨噬细胞和肿瘤细胞)分泌IL-8,作为对脂多糖(LPS)刺激诱导的炎症的响应。
另一方面,苹果是蔷薇科苹果属多年生植物苹果树的果实,其富含膳食纤维(例如果胶)、有机酸、糖分、维生素和无机盐。尤其是,果胶是在苹果中大量含有的一种水溶性膳食纤维,其通过帮助肠道的运动而对便秘是有效的,以及众所周知有机酸通过促进胃液分泌来帮助消化和吸收。
当前,已经开发出许多使用苹果来改善肠道健康的各种功能性食品和保健品。然而,随着国内外对通过预防或改善肠道炎症而能够改善肠道健康的组合物的需求不断增加,需要开发对预防或改善肠道炎症有更好效果的新组合物。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明提供一种发酵苹果组合物,及其用于预防或改善肠炎的用途。
技术方案
本发明的一个目的是提供一种发酵苹果组合物,其具有减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的作用。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种食品,其包含本发明的发酵苹果组合物。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种保健功能性食品,其包含本发明的发酵苹果组合物。
有益效果
由于本发明的发酵苹果组合物具有减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的作用,因此可供在预防或改善肠炎中应用。
附图说明
图1示出通过浓度检测人白介素-8(hIL-8)的表达水平的结果,其通过用不同浓度的发酵苹果组合物或苹果浓缩物与脂多糖(LPS)一起处理HT-29细胞来检测。***p<0.001(与NO组相比),###p<0.001,#p<0.05(与LPS组相比)。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本发明。同时,本发明公开的每个说明和实施方案也可以应用于其它说明和实施方案。也就是说,在本发明中公开的各元素的所有组合都落在本发明的范围内。进一步地,本发明的范围不受限于以下描述的具体说明。进一步地,本说明书全文中引用了大量论文和专利文件。所引论文和专利文件的公开内容通过援引全文并入本文,以进一步地阐明本发明所属的主题的水平和范围。
本发明的一方面提供一种发酵苹果组合物,其具有减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的作用。
本发明的发酵苹果组合物可以包含纯化水和苹果浓缩物。
如本文所用,术语“苹果浓缩物”意为通过浓缩苹果获得的液体,并且可以使用制备的或市售的那些,不做任何限制。例如,苹果浓缩物可以是100%的苹果浓缩物,但不限于此。进一步地,基于糖量仪,苹果浓缩物的含糖量可以为60糖度(brix)或者更高,但不限于此。此外,苹果浓缩物的酸度可以为6%或者更低,但不限于此。
在一实施方案中,本发明的发酵苹果组合物中的苹果浓缩物可以指在发酵前包括的组分。具体地,在本发明的发酵苹果组合物中,相对于发酵苹果组合物总体积,发酵苹果组合物可以包含1%(v/v)至50%(v/v)、1%(v/v)至30%(v/v)、1%(v/v)至25%(v/v)、5%(v/v)至50%(v/v)、5%(v/v)至30%(v/v)、5%(v/v)至25%(v/v)、10%(v/v)至50%(v/v)、10%(v/v)至30%(v/v)、10%(v/v)至25%(v/v)、15%(v/v)至50%(v/v)、15%(v/v)至30%(v/v)或15%(v/v)至25%(v/v)体积的苹果浓缩物。
如本文所用,术语“发酵苹果组合物”是指苹果浓缩物经发酵产生的产物。
如本文所用,术语“发酵”通常是指微生物通过使用自身的酶分解有机物来转化和积累代谢产物的现象或过程。
如本文所用,术语“发酵产物”应作全面理解,包含通过本发明的发酵产生的所有物质,物质包括其滤液、其稀释液、其浓缩物、其粗品或其纯化产物等,但不限于此。
具体地,本发明的发酵产物可以是醋酸发酵产物或醋。更具体地,本发明的发酵产物可以是酵母和醋酸菌发酵产物。更具体地,本发明的发酵产物可以是在酵母发酵后的醋酸菌发酵的产物。
例如,本发明的发酵苹果组合物可以是苹果醋酸发酵组合物,苹果醋酸发酵产物,或者是通过醋酸菌发酵苹果获得的苹果醋。进一步地,本发明的发酵苹果组合物可以是苹果经酵母发酵和醋酸菌发酵的组合物,其是通过用酵母和醋酸菌发酵苹果获得的。更进一步地,本发明的发酵苹果组合物可以是苹果经酵母发酵后再经醋酸菌发酵的组合物,其是通过用酵母发酵苹果后再用醋酸菌发酵苹果获得的。
本发明的炎性细胞因子可以是白介素-8(IL-8)、IL-1α、IL-12、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)或干扰素γ(IFN-γ),以及只要是本领域已知的任何炎性细胞因子可以包含于本发明的范围内。在一实施方式中,炎性细胞因子可以是IL-8。
与未用发酵苹果组合物处理的炎症诱导的细胞相比,当用本发明的发酵苹果组合物处理炎症诱导的细胞时,发酵苹果组合物能够减少或抑制炎症诱导的炎性细胞因子表达。
例如,发酵苹果组合物能够减少或抑制炎症诱导的炎性细胞因子表达,其范围为:范围下限选自10%或更多、15%或更多、20%或更多、25%或更多、30%或更多、35%或更多、40%或更多、45%或更多、50%或更多、55%或更多、60%或更多、65%或更多和69%或更多,和/或范围上限选自100%或更少、90%或更少、80%或更少和70%或更少,但不限于此。
在本发明中,本发明的发酵苹果组合物可以具有抗炎作用。
在本发明中,本发明的发酵苹果组合物可以具有预防或改善肠炎的作用。
如本文所用,术语“肠炎”是指发生在肠道中的炎症,以及是指由于病毒、细菌、摄入毒素等刺激肠道而引起的炎症。
如本文所用,术语“预防”意为通过给予本发明的组合物来抑制或延缓肠炎的所有行为。
如本文所用,术语“改善”意为通过所述组合物而使疑似有肠炎和已经发展出肠炎的个体好转或积极改变的所有行为。
如上所述,抗炎或肠炎的预防或改善可以通过例如减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达来达成。
在本发明中,本发明的发酵苹果组合物可以具有改善或增强肠道健康的作用。
如上所述,肠道健康的改善或增强可以通过例如减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达来达成。
本发明的另一方面提供一种食品,其包含本发明的发酵苹果组合物。
发酵苹果组合物如上所述。
在本发明中,本发明的食品可以具有预防或改善肠炎的作用。如上所述,肠炎的预防或改善可以通过例如减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达来达成。
在本发明中,本发明的食品可以具有改善或增强肠道健康的作用。如上所述,肠道健康的改善或增强可以通过例如减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达来达成。
本发明的又一方面提供一种保健功能性食品,其包含本发明的发酵苹果组合物。
发酵苹果组合物如上所述。
在本发明中,本发明的保健功能性食品可以具有预防或改善肠炎的作用。如前一方面所述,肠炎的预防或改善可以通过例如减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达来达成。
在本发明中,本发明的保健功能性食品可以具有改善或增强肠道健康的作用。如前一方面所述,肠道健康的改善或增强可以通过例如减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达来达成。
本发明的“食品”可以包含所有类型的普通食品、功能性食品、营养补充剂、保健食品、食品添加物等。
上述所有类型的食品可以根据本领域已知的常规方法制备成各种形式。
食品包括例如药丸、粉剂、颗粒、输液、片剂、胶囊、粉末或液体等形式,并且可以添加本发明的组合物至食品中,其可以包括,例如诸如大米、可食用谷物粉末(可食用谷物粉),谷物汤、盖饭(rice bowl)、面条、米汤、速食米饭、调味品、便当米饭、干米饭、面包、可食用糖、年糕、醋辣酱(bibimjang)、酱料、香料、可食用盐、调味品、调味粉、精制品、冷冻品、干燥和煮熟的水果和蔬菜、果冻、果酱、蜜饯、鸡蛋、牛奶和其他乳制品、可食用油和脂肪、咖啡、可可和咖啡替代品、木薯、谷物粉和谷物制品、拉面、乌冬面、面品、面汤、冷面、粥、汤、汤菜、速食食品、冷冻食品、速食食品、蒸煮袋食品、其他饮料、口香糖、茶、复合维生素、保健补充品等的各种食品,但不限于此。
本发明的食品中可以包含普通食品中能够包含的成分,作为添加成分:各种草药提取物、食品辅助添加物、或天然碳水化合物。进一步地,食品辅助添加物可以包含本领域中常规的食品辅助添加物,例如,风味剂、美味剂、着色剂、填充剂、稳定剂等。
天然碳水化合物的例子包括单糖(例如葡萄糖、果糖等)、双糖(例如麦芽糖、蔗糖等)、多糖(例如常见糖如葡聚糖、环糊精等)以及糖醇(例如木糖醇、山梨醇、赤藓糖醇)等。除上述外,可以有利地使用天然调味剂(例如rebaudioside A、甘草甜素等)和合成调味剂(糖精、阿斯巴甜等)作为调味剂。此外,可以添加用于补充口味和营养目的的常见的食品添加物,例如,核酸、氨基酸、有机酸等。
除上述外,本发明的食品可以包含各种营养物、维生素、矿物质(电解质)、调味剂例如合成调味剂和天然调味剂等、着色剂和填充物(乳酪、巧克力等)、果胶酸或其盐类、海藻酸及其盐类、有机酸、保护性胶体增稠剂、pH调节剂、稳定剂、防腐剂、甘油、醇类、用于碳酸饮料的碳酸化剂等。此外,食品可以包含用于制备天然果汁、果汁饮料和蔬菜饮料的果肉。这些组分可以单独或组合使用。
可以通过本领域中的常规方法来制备本发明的食品,并且可以通过在制备过程中添加本领域中常规添加的原材料和成分来制备。此外,食品可以制备为配方,不做任何限制,只要所述配方被认为是食品。
进一步地,当本发明的食品被用作保健功能性食品时,本发明的食品可以制备为各种类型的配方,并且与普通药品不同,由于所述食品被用作原材料,其具有当被长期食用时不会出现可能的副作用并且高度便携的优势,并且因此,本发明的食品可以作为补充品摄入。
同时,本发明的食品也可以包含风味剂、美味剂、着色剂、填充物、稳定剂和调味剂,所述调味剂也可以被归类为食品添加物。
如本文所用,术语“调味剂”可以是一种为增强食品风味而添加的物质。调味剂可以是一种使食品具有优秀调味性能的物质。
调味剂可以按照呈味组分划分。也就是说,根据味道,调味剂可以被分成中性调味剂、牛肉调味剂、鸡肉调味剂、猪肉调味剂、厚味调味剂等。
“厚味调味剂”意为一种释放厚味的调味剂,并且“厚味”是一个日语单词,在英语中可以表达为“口感”、“绵厚”、“稠厚”和“走心的(heartiness)”,并且在韩语中被表达为“丰富的味道”、“厚的味道”、“填嘴的味道”、“稠密的味道”、“粘的味道”等。“中性调味剂”是指将“鲜味”最大化,并将其他风味降至最低,从而产生一种温和而干净的风味的调味剂。例如,油类中的菜籽油或葡萄籽油可以被认为具有中性风味。术语“调味性能”可以意为具有酸、甜、咸、苦或鲜味,但不限于此。
本发明的食品可以是CJ CheilJedang Co.,Ltd.的苹果醋或水果发酵苹果醋,例如,Petitzel产品或者/>产品,但不限于此。本发明的食品可以包含本发明的发酵苹果组合物,浓度为食品总体积的1%(v/v)至50%(v/v)、1%(v/v)至30%(v/v)、5%(v/v)至50%(v/v)、5%(v/v)至30%(v/v)或10%(v/v)至30%(v/v),但不限于此。
本发明的又一方面提供一种减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的方法,所述方法包括给予本发明的发酵苹果组合物的步骤。
本发明的又一方面提供一种预防、改善或治疗肠炎的方法,所述方法包括给予本发明的发酵苹果组合物的步骤。
如本文所用,术语“给予”意为通过任何适当的方法将本发明的组合物施于炎性细胞因子过表达或疑似肠炎的受试者。
本发明的药物组合物不受特别限制,只要受试者是以减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达为目的,或以预防、改善或治疗肠炎为目的受试者,并且所述组合物适用于任何受试者。例如,所述组合物可以用于非人类动物的任何受试者(例如猴、狗、猫、兔、豚鼠、大鼠、小鼠、牛、绵羊、猪、山羊等)、鸟类和鱼等。
本发明的组合物以减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的有效量给予,或可以以预防、改善或治疗肠炎的有效量给予。本发明的组合物的优选的剂量可以根据受试者的状况和体重、疾病的严重程度、药物类型、给予途径和持续时间而变化,但是可以由本领域的技术人员适当地选择。
此外,本发明的组合物可以通过各种口服或肠胃外途径给予,只要能够到达靶组织。例如,可以口服、肠胃外、皮下、腹腔、肺内、鼻腔内、直肠或静脉、肌肉、皮下、子宫内或脑内注射,如有必要,可通过任何适当的方法进行局部治疗,包括病灶内给予,但不限于此。
在一实施方案中,发酵苹果组合物可以以包含其的食品组合物的形式给予。在这方面,给予可以是口服给予。
在另一实施方案中,发酵苹果组合物可以以包含其的保健功能性食品组合物的形式给予。在这方面,给予可以是口服给予。
本发明的又一方面,提供本发明的发酵苹果组合物用于减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的用途。
与未用发酵苹果组合物处理的炎症诱导的细胞相比,当用发酵苹果组合物处理炎症诱导的细胞时,发酵苹果组合物能够减少或抑制10%或更多炎症诱导的炎性细胞因子的表达,但不限于此,这如前所述。
炎性细胞因子可以是IL-8,但不限于此,这如前所述。
本发明的又一方面,提供本发明的发酵苹果组合物用于抗炎的用途。
本发明的又一方面,提供包含本发明的包含发酵苹果组合物的食品用于预防、治疗或改善肠炎的用途。
本发明的又一方面,提供本发明的包含发酵苹果组合物的食品用于改善或增强肠道健康的用途。
本发明的又一方面,提供本发明的包含苹果发酵组合物的保健功能性食品用于预防、治疗或改善肠炎的用途。
本发明的又一方面,提供本发明的包含发酵苹果组合物的保健功能性食品用于改善或增强肠道健康的用途。
本文所用术语如先前方面所描述。
实施例
在下文中,本发明将详细介绍与示例性实施方案相关的细节,然而,以下所述示例性实施方案仅是为了说明本发明的优选实施方案,因此并不意图限制本发明的范围。另一方面,本领域或相似领域的技术人员可以充分了解和易于实施本说明书中没有描述的技术细节。
制备实施例1:发酵苹果组合物的制备
苹果浓缩物是具有100%苹果浓度的市售产品。苹果浓缩物为中国制造。基于糖量仪,其含糖量为60糖度或更高,并且酸度为6%或者更低,将其用蒸馏水稀释四倍(w/w)制成约20糖度的苹果浓缩物。
使用一种市售的苹果醋(一种酵母和醋酸菌发酵的产物,含有纯化水和20.86%的苹果浓缩物,并且酸度为6%至8%;来自CJ CheilJedang Co.,Ltd.的健康发酵的苹果醋)作为发酵苹果组合物。
为去除发酵苹果组合物和苹果浓缩物中的微生物,使用0.2um滤器进行过滤。
实施例1:肠道中抗炎能力的评价
根据Lee等的方法,通过HT-29细胞中人白介素-8(hIL-8)的表达水平来检测发酵苹果组合物在肠道中的抗炎能力,其中炎症是根据Lee等所述的方法,由脂多糖(LPS)诱导的(Lee等,Biochem Biophys Res Commun 337(2),2005年11月,457–463页)。
具体地,将HT-29细胞系(Korea Cell Line Bank)于添加了10%热灭活的胎牛血清(FBS)、1% L-谷氨酰胺、青霉素G(100IU/mL)和链霉素(100mg/mL)的RPMI培养基(Gibco,USA)中,于37℃和5%CO2条件下培养。将培养的HT-29细胞以1.5x104细胞/孔的密度(250μL体积)滴入96孔板(Corning,USA),并培养3天,直到完全形成单层(图1,用NC表示)。然后去除上清液。作为实验组,将制备实施例1的发酵苹果组合物(0.25%(v/v),0.5%(v/v))和苹果浓缩物(0.25%(v/v),0.5%(v/v))以250uL/孔与0.25ug/mL的LPS处理,接着孵育16小时。未处理组只用0.25ug/mL的LPS处理,然后孵育(图1,用LPS表示)。虽然发酵苹果组合物的pH略低,但样品稀释倍数很高,并且由于缓冲作用,在用细胞培养基稀释后pH没有变化。因此,没有进行pH调节。培养后,取上清液,并在4℃下13,000rpm离心3分钟以获得不含细胞的上清液。之后,为了去除上清液中残留的细胞,使用0.2um滤器进行过滤。
通过ELISA实验分析所获上清液,以检测hIL-8的表达水平。
具体地,根据Duoset ELISA辅助试剂盒2(R&D systems,cat DY008,USA)制造商的说明书,如下所述进行ELISA实验。为进行ELISA实验,所用的人IL-8/CXCL8QuantikineELISA Kit(R&D systems,cat编号D8000C,USA)含有IL-8抗体和生物素标记的二抗。室温下将IL-8捕获抗体(R&D systems,cat编号890462)在ELISA板的每一孔上吸附24小时。将各实验组和对照组的上清液和IL-8标准液(R&D systems,cat编号890466)用反应稀释剂(R&Dsystems,cat编号895877)稀释,每孔加入100μL,接着在室温孵育2小时。之后,去除培养基,加入二抗和生物素化的人IL-8抗体(R&D systems,cat编号890465)并使其在室温下吸附2小时。用链霉素亲和素偶联的辣根过氧化物酶(R&D systems,cat编号893975)和其底物四甲基联苯胺(TMB,R&D systems,cat编号DY999)处理每孔,以诱导颜色变化。这时颜色从蓝色发展到黄色。用50μL反应终止液(R&D systems,cat编号895032)处理停止该反应,并接着用分光光度计测定470nm处吸光值(在540nm测校准值)。
结果显示,与仅用LPS处理的对照组(LPS)相比,发酵苹果组合物处理组和苹果浓缩物处理组在0.25%(v/v)和0.5%(v/v)浓度下都显示出hIL-8的表达水平显著减少,且不伴有细胞毒性(表1、图1,###p<0.001,#p<0.05)。
另外,当在相同浓度下比较在肠道中的抗炎能力时,发酵苹果组合物的hIL-8表达水平降低率(0.25%时为46%,0.5%时为69%)高于苹果浓缩物(0.25%时为25%,0.5%时为54%)(表1、图1,###p<0.001,#p<0.05)。
因此,证实了发酵苹果组合物和苹果浓缩物都展现出在肠道中的抗炎作用,尤其是,与苹果浓缩物相比,发酵苹果组合物具有良好的抗炎作用。
表1
基于以上说明,本领域技术人员将理解,本发明可以以不同的具体形式应用,而不改变其技术精神或者其基本特征。在这方面,应该理解,上述实施例在所有方面是说明性的而不是限制性的。本发明的范围是通过所附权利要求而不是其之前的说明书定义的,因此权利要求意图包含所有落在权利要求的界限和范围内,或者等同于这些界限和范围的变化和修改。
Claims (12)
1.一种发酵苹果组合物,其具有减少或抑制炎性细胞因子表达的作用。
2.权利要求1的发酵苹果组合物,其中,与未用所述发酵苹果组合物处理的炎症诱导的细胞相比,当用所述发酵苹果组合物处理炎症诱导的细胞时,所述发酵苹果组合物减少或抑制炎症诱导的炎性细胞因子表达10%或更多。
3.权利要求1的发酵苹果组合物,其中所述炎性细胞因子是IL-8。
4.权利要求1的发酵苹果组合物,其中所述发酵苹果组合物具有抗炎作用。
5.权利要求1的发酵苹果组合物,其中所述发酵苹果组合物是苹果醋酸发酵组合物。
6.权利要求5的发酵苹果组合物,其中所述发酵苹果组合物是苹果经酵母发酵和醋酸菌发酵的组合物。
7.一种食品,其包含权利要求1的发酵苹果组合物。
8.权利要求7的食品,其中所述食品用于预防或改善肠炎。
9.权利要求7的食品,其中所述食品用于改善或增强肠道健康。
10.一种保健功能性食品,其包含权利要求1的发酵苹果组合物。
11.权利要求10的保健功能性食品,其中所述保健功能性食品用于预防或改善肠炎。
12.权利要求10的保健功能性食品,其中所述保健功能性食品用于改善或增强肠道健康。
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