CN117778025A - Multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel component and biological control efficiency and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel component and biological control efficiency and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof. The modifier consists of agricultural water-absorbing resin, amino-oligosaccharin, polyglutamic acid, sodium alginate, chitosan oligosaccharide, bacillus subtilis, paenibacillus polymyxa, humic acid, nanocellulose gel and modified attapulgite clay powder. The invention adopts harmless and degradable gel components, micromolecular materials, beneficial bacterial strains, humic acid, modified attapulgite clay powder and the like, so that on one hand, the water retention capacity of soil is improved, the soil nutrition is enriched, on the other hand, the immunity and stress resistance of crops are improved, the organic matter content of the soil is improved, and the physicochemical property and the biological activity of the soil are improved. The gel component has good adsorptivity, realizes good fertilizer retention of soil, and achieves the purpose of releasing slowly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular relates to a multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Soil is an important foundation for plant growth, and factors such as nutrient content, structure and moisture in the soil affect plant growth and yield. The existing cultivated land has the problems of land degradation, soil acidification, soil salinization and the like at present: (1) soil has low organic matter content and extremely poor nutrient supply capability, and the soil has poor texture, poor structure and poor soil configuration, and unreasonable farmland cultivation and fertilization can lead to soil degradation and hardening so as to aggravate water and soil loss; (2) the low content of the sticky particles and organic matters leads to poor water and fertilizer retention of the soil; (3) excessive application of chemical fertilizer results in C/N ratio of soil, serious diseases and insect pests and unbalanced soil health. Therefore, soil improvement is needed to ensure the quality and health condition of the soil, thereby improving the yield and quality of crops, protecting the balance of the environment and an ecological system, being beneficial to realizing sustainable development of agriculture, improving the utilization efficiency of the land and reducing land degradation and resource waste. Most of the existing soil improvement methods use chemical synthetic materials, which may have negative effects on the environment. Thus, there is a need for a soil conditioner that is harmless and degradable and that can increase stress resistance of crops.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of land degradation, poor soil fertility preservation water power, ecological system unbalance and the like, the invention provides a multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof.
The invention also provides a multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of agricultural water absorbent resin, 80-100 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 1-2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 60-70 parts of sodium alginate, 1-3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 50 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 7-10 parts of humic acid, 80-100 parts of nano cellulose gel and 30-40 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder.
The modified attapulgite clay powder used in the invention is prepared by the following method: weighing attapulgite clay powder, and firstly carrying out gradient acidic treatment; and (3) after the treatment is finished, washing to be neutral, drying, adding an aqueous solution of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane containing octadecyl diethanolamine, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, and then carrying out centrifugal washing and drying.
Further, the gradient acidic treatment comprises the following specific procedures: firstly, treating in 3% nitric acid solution for 8-10min, and then treating in 10% nitric acid solution for 8-10 min.
Further, the concentration of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 0.2mol/L; the content of the octadecyl diethanol amine in the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 0.15mol/L; the ratio of the attapulgite clay powder to the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 1g:10-15mL; the ultrasonic treatment time is 5-8min.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the multi-effect composite soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
1) Pulverizing the raw materials except strain powder, sieving, and mixing;
2) Adding the uniformly mixed materials into a rotating disc of a disc granulator;
3) Sprinkling the fermented microbial liquid on the materials in the disc through a liquid component distributor of the disc granulator, and agglomerating the microbial liquid into balls;
4) After balling, conveying the pellets into a dryer, and drying the pellets by strong cold air at low temperature;
5) Conveying the mixture into a secondary biological bacterial fertilizer dryer, and fully utilizing large air quantity and trace heat to carry out secondary drying of the modifier;
6) Conveying the mixture to a cooler, and cooling the mixture by natural cold air;
7) Conveying the mixture to a finished product sieving machine, wherein the grain diameter is 3mm, and large grains (the grain diameter is more than 3 mm) are crushed by a crusher and then returned to a disc homogenizer to continuously participate in balling;
8) And supplementing microbial strains on the surfaces of the screened modifier particles by spraying through a coating machine.
Further, in step 1), the mesh number of the screen is 600 mesh.
Further, in the step 2), the rotating speed of the disc granulator is 12-15r/min.
Further, in the step 4), the drying air inlet temperature of the low-temperature drying is 120 ℃, and the feeding speed is 80kg/min.
The invention prepares the modifierIn the process, the fermentation method of the microbial liquid specifically comprises the following steps: inoculating bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus polymyxa strain into LB culture medium according to 5% of inoculum size, culturing at 28-32deg.C for 48 hr, and collecting effective viable count in bacterial liquid greater than 10 9 cfu/mL。
LB medium: 5g of yeast extract, 10g of tryptone and 10g of sodium chloride; naOH was adjusted to pH 7.0 and autoclaved at 121℃for 20 min.
The soil conditioner provided by the invention mainly comprises harmless and degradable gel components, and is combined with micromolecular materials, beneficial bacterial strains, humic acid and modified attapulgite clay powder, so that the long-term maintenance of soil nutrition and moisture is realized, the improvement of plant stress resistance is realized, and the high-quality soil requirement in the crop development process is met through the adsorption effect of gel; meanwhile, as the gel component is mainly combined with the micromolecular material, humic acid and the like and mainly contains carbon-based components, the C/N ratio of the soil is improved, the attapulgite clay is an instant fertilizer adhesive, and the attapulgite clay contains abundant microelements, enriches the nutrient components of the soil, can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, improves the organic matter content of the soil, and improves the physicochemical property and the biological activity of the soil. Not only realizes the improvement of soil quality, but also achieves the win-win purpose of reducing carbon emission and increasing soil fertility. The invention has simple formula, practicality, rationality and good use effect, can obviously improve the fertilizer utilization rate, and greatly improves the yield and quality of crops, thereby improving the economic benefit of crops.
All the components used in the present invention are commercial products unless otherwise specified.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the plant-derived gel component is adopted, so that the water absorption can be effectively realized, and the water holding capacity of soil can be improved;
2. the adsorptivity to soil nutrient substances is improved, and the fertility preservation of the soil is improved; the gel component belongs to harmless and degradable components, is a plant-derived substance, can provide organic fertilizer nutrition for soil after degradation, particularly has carbon content, can effectively improve the soil nutrition composition and improves the soil C/N ratio; substances such as micromolecular saccharides can effectively improve plant stress resistance and inhibit breeding of soil pathogens; the beneficial microbial agent can effectively inhibit occurrence of soil-borne diseases and insect pests, has biological control effect, and is beneficial to establishment of good farmland soil ecology;
3. the modifier provided by the invention is rich in various medium trace elements such as K, ca, fe, mg and the like required by plant growth and development, and the medium trace elements from the attapulgite can well compensate nutrient short plates of soil, so that the quality and the yield of crops are effectively improved. The unique rod-shaped crystal structure can disturb the highly aggregated soil structure, and effectively solve the problem of soil hardening caused by factors such as poor water and fertilizer management.
4. The product can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, improve the organic matter content of soil, and improve the physicochemical property and biological activity of soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of peanut plants at various concentrations of modifier;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a phenotypic characterization of peanut plants at various concentrations of modifier versus stem height (≡c, sampling at day 8, 29; o, sampling at day 9, 13);
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of root cap ratios of phenotypic characteristics of peanut plants at different concentrations of modifier (B.sub.8, 29 sampling; O, 9, 13 sampling);
FIG. 4 is a graph of peanut plants at various concentrations of modifier after drought stress treatment;
FIG. 5 is a graph of peanut plants and relative soil moisture content at various concentrations of modifier after rehydration.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will be made to the following specific examples.
The water-absorbent resin used in the invention is purchased from Zhongshan Sipp technology Co., ltd; the nanocellulose gel used in the invention is carboxylated nanocellulose TOCNF gel, purchased from Wuhan Hua Xiangke clean biotechnology Co.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the specific preparation method of the modified attapulgite clay powder comprises the following steps: weighing attapulgite clay powder, firstly treating in 3% nitric acid solution for 8min, and then treating in 10% nitric acid solution for 8min; and after the treatment is finished and washed to be neutral, drying, adding an aqueous solution of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane containing octadecyl diethanolamine, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 8min, and carrying out centrifugal washing and drying.
The concentration of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 0.2mol/L; the content of the octadecyl diethanol amine in the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 0.15mol/L; the ratio of the attapulgite clay powder to the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 1g to 15mL.
Example 1
A multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof are provided: 500 parts of water-absorbent resin, 100 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 70 parts of sodium alginate, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 10 parts of humic acid, 100 parts of nano cellulose gel and 40 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Crushing and sieving the raw materials to be less than 600 meshes, and sending the qualified raw materials to a raw material stirrer according to a proportion to be uniformly mixed.
2) The materials are conveyed into a disc equalizer, the rotating speed of a disc granulator is generally controlled to be 12-15r/min, and the evenly mixed materials are added into a rotating disc of the disc granulator.
3) Water is sprayed on materials in the disc through a liquid component distributor of the disc granulator, and the rotating disc and the disc edge generate friction force and centrifugal action on the materials, so that the materials generate circumferential motion, and the particles are rubbed and extruded with each other and gradually agglomerated into balls; because of the difference in particle mass, the resulting gravity and centrifugation are also different, and when they increase enough to overcome the frictional forces between the particles, they are thrown out of the disc, with smaller particles still residing in the disc and continuing to agglomerate with fine particles.
4) And (3) conveying the materials into a dryer, and drying the materials by strong cold air at low temperature. Due to the strain, the drying temperature is strictly controlled below the temperature at which the strain survives. The inlet temperature of the drying is 150 ℃ and the feeding speed is 100kg/min.
6) And the mixture is conveyed into a secondary dryer, and the mixture is thoroughly dried by fully utilizing large air quantity and trace heat.
7) Conveying the mixture into a cooler, and cooling the mixture by natural cold air at a feeding speed of 100kg/min.
8) Conveying the mixture to a finished product sieving machine, wherein the grain diameter is 3mm, and the large grains (grain diameter is 3 mm) are crushed by a crusher and then returned to a disc homogenizer to continuously participate in balling.
9) And (5) conveying the materials to a full-automatic packing scale for weighing and vacuum packing, and obtaining the finished product.
Example 2
A multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof are provided: 500 parts of water-absorbent resin, 100 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 70 parts of sodium alginate, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 50 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 10 parts of humic acid, 100 parts of nano cellulose gel and 45 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Crushing and sieving the raw materials except the strain powder to be less than 600 meshes, and sending the qualified raw materials to a raw material stirrer according to a proportion to be uniformly mixed.
2) The materials are conveyed into a disc equalizer, the rotating speed of a disc granulator is generally controlled to be 12-15r/min, and the evenly mixed materials are added into a rotating disc of the disc granulator.
3) Sprinkling the fermented microbial liquid on the materials in the disc through a liquid component distributor of the disc granulator, so that each particle is fully coated with microbial strains from inside to outside; the rotating disc and the disc edge generate friction force and centrifugal action on the materials, so that the materials generate circumferential motion, and the particles are rubbed and extruded with each other and gradually agglomerated into balls; because of the difference in particle mass, the resulting gravity and centrifugation are also different, and when they increase enough to overcome the frictional forces between the particles, they are thrown out of the disc, with smaller particles still residing in the disc and continuing to agglomerate with fine particles.
4) And (3) conveying the materials into a dryer, and drying the materials by strong cold air at low temperature. Due to the strain, the drying temperature is strictly controlled below the temperature at which the strain survives. The temperature of the drying inlet air is 120 ℃, and the feeding speed is 80kg/min.
6) And the waste bacterial manure is conveyed into a secondary biological bacterial manure dryer, and the bacterial manure is thoroughly dried by fully utilizing large air quantity and trace heat.
7) Conveying the fertilizer into a cooler, and cooling the fertilizer by natural cold air at a feeding speed of 80kg/min.
8) Conveying the mixture to a finished product sieving machine, wherein the grain diameter is 3mm, and large grains (the grain diameter is more than 3 mm) are crushed by a crusher and then returned to a disc homogenizer to continuously participate in balling.
9) The surface of the sieved modifier particles can lose trace microbial bacteria, and the microbial strains on the surface of the particles are replenished by a spraying mode of a coating machine.
10 Conveying to a full-automatic packing scale for weighing, and vacuum packing.
Comparative example 1
A multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof are provided: 500 parts of water-absorbent resin, 70 parts of sodium alginate, 100 parts of nano cellulose gel and 35 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Crushing and sieving the raw materials to be less than 600 meshes, and sending the qualified raw materials to a raw material stirrer according to a proportion to be uniformly mixed.
2) The materials are conveyed into a disc equalizer, the rotating speed of a disc granulator is generally controlled to be 12-15r/min, and the evenly mixed materials are added into a rotating disc of the disc granulator.
3) Water is sprayed on materials in the disc through a liquid component distributor of the disc granulator, and the rotating disc and the disc edge generate friction force and centrifugal action on the materials, so that the materials generate circumferential motion, and the particles are rubbed and extruded with each other and gradually agglomerated into balls; because of the difference in particle mass, the resulting gravity and centrifugation are also different, and when they increase enough to overcome the frictional forces between the particles, they are thrown out of the disc, with smaller particles still residing in the disc and continuing to agglomerate with fine particles.
4) And (3) conveying the materials into a dryer, and drying the materials by strong cold air at low temperature. Due to the strain, the drying temperature is strictly controlled below the temperature at which the strain survives. The inlet temperature of the drying is 150 ℃ and the feeding speed is 100kg/min.
6) And the mixture is conveyed into a secondary dryer, and the mixture is thoroughly dried by fully utilizing large air quantity and trace heat.
7) Conveying the mixture into a cooler, and cooling the mixture by natural cold air at a feeding speed of 100kg/min.
8) Conveying the mixture to a finished product sieving machine, wherein the grain diameter is 3mm, and large grains (the grain diameter is more than 3 mm) are crushed by a crusher and then returned to a disc homogenizer to continuously participate in balling.
9) And (5) conveying the materials to a full-automatic packing scale for weighing and vacuum packing, and obtaining the finished product.
Comparative example 2
A multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency and a preparation method thereof are provided: 50 parts of water-absorbent resin, 7 parts of sodium alginate, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 1 part of humic acid, 10 parts of nano cellulose gel and 45 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Crushing and sieving the raw materials except the strain powder to be less than 600 meshes, and sending the qualified raw materials to a raw material stirrer according to a proportion to be uniformly mixed.
2) The materials are conveyed into a disc equalizer, the rotating speed of a disc granulator is generally controlled to be 12-15r/min, and the evenly mixed materials are added into a rotating disc of the disc granulator.
3) Sprinkling the fermented microbial liquid on the materials in the disc through a liquid component distributor of the disc granulator, so that each particle is fully coated with microbial strains from inside to outside; the rotating disc and the disc edge generate friction force and centrifugal action on the materials, so that the materials generate circumferential motion, and the particles are rubbed and extruded with each other and gradually agglomerated into balls; because of the difference in particle mass, the resulting gravity and centrifugation are also different, and when they increase enough to overcome the frictional forces between the particles, they are thrown out of the disc, with smaller particles still residing in the disc and continuing to agglomerate with fine particles.
4) And (3) conveying the materials into a dryer, and drying the materials by strong cold air at low temperature. Due to the strain, the drying temperature is strictly controlled below the temperature at which the strain survives. The temperature of the drying inlet air is 120 ℃, and the feeding speed is 80kg/min.
6) And the waste bacterial manure is conveyed into a secondary biological bacterial manure dryer, and the bacterial manure is thoroughly dried by fully utilizing large air quantity and trace heat.
7) Conveying the fertilizer into a cooler, and cooling the fertilizer by natural cold air at a feeding speed of 80kg/min.
8) Conveying the mixture to a finished product sieving machine, wherein the grain diameter is 3mm, and large grains (the grain diameter is more than 3 mm) are crushed by a crusher and then returned to a disc homogenizer to continuously participate in balling.
9) The surface of the sieved modifier particles can lose trace microbial bacteria, and the microbial strains on the surface of the particles are replenished by a spraying mode of a coating machine.
10 Conveying to a full-automatic packing scale for weighing, and vacuum packing.
Meanwhile, the inventor finds out through a large number of experiments that when small molecular substances and beneficial bacteria agents are added, the effect is better than that of comparative example 1, the yield per mu of plants is improved by more than 8% compared with comparative example 1, and the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced by 5%.
Effect verification test
Spring peanut experiment: selecting spring peanut fields with consistent soil properties, fertility, environment and the like and adjacent areas, equally dividing the spring peanut fields into 8 blocks, numbering S1-S8, sowing one hole by one seed in test fields, designing the density to 16000 holes/mu, and pre-applying 50 kg/mu of compound fertilizer in each test field in advance. The modifiers prepared in examples 1-2 were used for S1-S2, respectively, and the modifiers prepared in comparative examples 1-2 were used for S3-S4, respectively, while the control group was set: s5 using only a mixture of commercial water absorbent resin, sodium alginate, nanocellulose gel (50 parts of water absorbent resin, 7 parts of sodium alginate, 10 parts of nanocellulose gel) as a treatment, S6 using only a mixture of commercial amino-oligosaccharins, polyglutamic acid, chitosan oligosaccharides, bacillus subtilis, paenibacillus polymyxa (100 parts of amino-oligosaccharins, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharides, 30 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 50 parts of Paenibacillus polymyxa) as a treatment, S7 using a mixture of commercial humic acid and modified attapulgite clay powder (1 part of humic acid, 4 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder) as a treatment, and S8 using an improver substantially the same as that of example 1 using an unmodified attapulgite clay powder; s9, not applying; each test field was fertilized according to 7 kg/mu (each example and comparative example were applied strictly according to the optimum amount of each component mu, the total amount of each treatment was less than 7kg, sand was filled to 7 kg), other field management modes were the same, and the number of individual plants, the fruit saturation rate and the mu yield of each quick test field were counted at the time of harvesting, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
(II) summer peanut experiment: selecting spring peanut fields with consistent soil properties, fertility, environment and the like and adjacent areas, equally dividing the spring peanut fields into 8 blocks, numbering the spring peanut fields with X1 to X8, sowing the spring peanut fields in one hole, designing the density of 16000 holes/mu, and pre-applying 50 kg/mu of compound fertilizer in each test field in advance. X1-X2 used the modifiers prepared in examples 1-2, respectively, and X3-X4 used the modifiers prepared in comparative examples 1-2, respectively, while a control group was set up: x5 was treated with only a mixture of commercial water absorbent resin, sodium alginate, nanocellulose gel (50 parts of water absorbent resin, 7 parts of sodium alginate, 10 parts of nanocellulose gel), X6 was treated with only a mixture of commercial amino-oligosaccharins, polyglutamic acid, chitosan oligosaccharides, bacillus subtilis, paenibacillus polymyxa (100 parts of amino-oligosaccharins, 2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharides, 30 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 50 parts of Paenibacillus polymyxa), X7 was treated with a mixture of commercial humic acid and modified attapulgite clay powder (1 part of humic acid, 4 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder), and X8 was treated with substantially the same modifier as in example 1; x9 is not applied; each test field was fertilized according to 7 kg/mu (each example and comparative example were applied strictly according to the optimum amount of each component mu, the total amount of each treatment was less than 7kg, the total amount was filled to 7kg with sandy soil), other field management modes were the same, and the number of individual plant results, the fruit saturation rate and the mu yield of each quick test field were counted at the time of harvesting, and the specific results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
(III) peanut cultivation test:
test materials: selecting peanut seeds of peanut bearing 22 flowers as a test material; the cultivation medium adopts a mixed soil of sandy soil and vermiculite at a ratio of 1:1, square plastic pots, and each pot contains 2kg of soil.
Test conditions: the material is placed in a climatic chamber for culture treatment at a temperature of 25/28 ℃ (Night/Day) and a lighting period of 12 h/12 h (Day/Night) with a light intensity of 500 [ mu ] mol photons m -2 s -1 。
The test treatment comprises (1) 10 gradient treatments, wherein the modifier content (weight ratio) is respectively 0 (CK), 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 3.0%, 5.0%; the purified water is watered at regular time, CK is taken as a reference, the soil temperature is kept at about 60%, and the watering amount of each basin is kept consistent; three repetitions;
(2) Accelerating germination of the seeds on a culture dish for 3 days, and sowing the uniformly-white peanut seeds with radicles at positions below 3cm of soil downwards, wherein 4 peanut seeds are planted in each pot;
(3) Sowing on 7 months and 25 days, sampling and observing on 8 months and 29 days, wherein the sample is shown in fig. 1, and the specific comparison chart is shown in fig. 2 and 3; then stopping watering, and performing drought stress treatment for 9 months and 13 days, and sampling, measuring and observing, wherein the sample is shown in figure 4; and then, carrying out rehydration observation on all potted plants, and photographing and observing the growth condition of the plant after rehydration on day 9 and day 27, wherein the growth condition is shown in fig. 5.
From the above experiments, the multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency can effectively promote better growth of peanuts, promote root system development, improve the relative water content of soil, improve peanut yield, reduce fertilizer application amount, save cost and effectively reduce carbon emission.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-effect composite soil conditioner based on harmless degradable gel components and biological control efficiency is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of agricultural water absorbent resin, 80-100 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 1-2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 60-70 parts of sodium alginate, 1-3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 50 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 7-10 parts of humic acid, 80-100 parts of nano cellulose gel and 30-40 parts of modified attapulgite clay powder.
2. The multi-effect composite soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the modified attapulgite clay powder is prepared by the following method: weighing attapulgite clay powder, and firstly carrying out gradient acidic treatment; and (3) after the treatment is finished, washing to be neutral, drying, adding an aqueous solution of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane containing octadecyl diethanolamine, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, and then carrying out centrifugal washing and drying.
3. The multi-effect composite soil conditioner of claim 2, wherein the gradient acidic treatment comprises the following specific procedures: firstly, treating in 3% nitric acid solution for 8-10min, and then treating in 10% nitric acid solution for 8-10 min.
4. The multi-effect composite soil conditioner according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the concentration of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 0.2mol/L; the content of the octadecyl diethanol amine in the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 0.15mol/L; the ratio of the attapulgite clay powder to the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane aqueous solution is 1g:10-15mL; the ultrasonic treatment time is 5-8min.
5. A method for preparing the multi-effect composite soil conditioner according to claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
1) Pulverizing the raw materials except strain powder, sieving, and mixing;
2) Adding the uniformly mixed materials into a rotating disc of a disc granulator;
3) Sprinkling the fermented microbial liquid on the materials in the disc through a liquid component distributor of the disc granulator, and agglomerating the microbial liquid into balls;
4) After balling, conveying the pellets into a dryer, and drying the pellets by strong cold air at low temperature;
5) Conveying the mixture into a secondary biological bacterial fertilizer dryer, and fully utilizing large air quantity and trace heat to carry out secondary drying of the modifier;
6) Conveying the mixture to a cooler, and cooling the mixture by natural cold air;
7) Conveying the mixture to a finished product sieving machine, wherein the grain diameter is 3mm, and large grains (the grain diameter is more than 3 mm) are crushed by a crusher and then returned to a disc homogenizer to continuously participate in balling;
8) And supplementing microbial strains on the surfaces of the screened modifier particles by spraying through a coating machine.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step 1), the mesh number of the screen is 600 mesh.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step 2), the rotational speed of the disk granulator is 12 to 15r/min.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step 4), the low-temperature drying is performed at a drying inlet temperature of 120 ℃ and a feeding rate of 80kg/min.
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