CN117680808A - Modeling method and device for reducing drag of microstructure of inner wall of marine metal oil pipe by using short pulse laser - Google Patents
Modeling method and device for reducing drag of microstructure of inner wall of marine metal oil pipe by using short pulse laser Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 152
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011275 tar sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modeling method and a modeling device for reducing drag of a microstructure on the inner wall surface of a short pulse laser marine metal oil pipe, belonging to the technical field of offshore oil pipe manufacturing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the laser processing system is arranged on the pipeline robot and comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system; cladding an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe; performing microstructure laser scanning treatment on the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating; performing laser cleaning treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating; and (3) carrying out laser polishing treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, wherein the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is 0.1-0.3 mu m after the laser polishing treatment. The invention adopts a mode of combining cladding coating and laser treatment on the inner wall of the oil pipe, reduces the roughness of the surface of the coating, and forms a smooth mirror surface on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, thereby realizing the functions of oil resistance and drag reduction and ensuring that viscous petroleum is smoother in transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil pipe manufacturing, in particular to a modeling method and device for reducing drag of a microstructure of an inner wall of a marine metal oil pipe by using a short pulse laser.
Background
The thick oil refers to crude oil with viscosity of more than 100 mPs.S and relative density of more than 0.92, which is generally called heavy oil (including tar sand and soft asphalt) abroad, and belongs to unconventional petroleum resources. The research of the thick oil exploitation process is not stopped all the time after the thin oil exploitation is successful, and the expert estimates that the conventional crude oil resource of the thick oil resource part is several times to more than ten times higher, thereby having the strategic position for replacing petroleum energy. In actual transportation of crude oil, the gathering and transportation speed of an oil transportation pipeline is greatly influenced due to the characteristic of poor flowability of the crude oil.
At present, in order to reduce the liquid flow resistance of crude oil in transportation, a mode of heating the crude oil is generally adopted, however, after the crude oil is heated, in the process of offshore oil transportation, an offshore oil transportation pipeline is affected by the seawater environment, so that the oil temperature can be quickly reduced, and the flow resistance in the offshore oil pipe can be increased. There is therefore a need for improvements in offshore oil pipelines to meet the requirements of actual offshore oil transportation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a modeling method and device for reducing drag of a microstructure of an inner wall of a marine metal oil pipe by using a short pulse laser, and the dual functions of oil resistance and drag reduction are realized on the inner wall surface of the oil pipe.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing laser modeling: installing a laser processing system on the pipeline robot, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system; the working object of the pipeline robot is an ocean metal oil pipe with the diameter not smaller than 0.8 m;
s2, cladding an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe: the pipeline robot moves into the pretreated marine metal oil pipe, a semiconductor seed light source of the laser cladding system is started, and continuous laser and short pulse laser are formed after the semiconductor seed light source passes through the beam splitter and is processed, wherein the continuous laser is transmitted to a cladding laser head of the laser cladding system, and the short pulse laser is transmitted to a forging laser head of the laser forging system; the cladding laser and the coaxial powder feeding of the laser cladding system are regulated and controlled, so that the coaxial powder feeding device and the cladding laser head work synchronously, the cladding laser head in the laser cladding system starts cladding work on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe along a preset running path, and a cladding layer is gradually formed on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe; the forging laser head of the laser forging system starts laser forging along the track of the cladding layer, the pipeline robot slowly moves from one end to the other end along the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe until the surface of the cladding layer is completely forged, and an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is formed on the inner wall surface of the marine metal oil pipe;
s3, microstructure laser scanning treatment of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating: after the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating is completely clad and cooled to normal temperature, the pipeline robot starts from one end of the marine metal oil pipe in the marine metal oil pipe, and a forging laser head of a laser forging system is started to perform microstructure laser scanning treatment on the surface of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the microstructure laser scanning treatment are as follows: the defocusing amount is 2.8-2.9mm; the laser power is 108-112W; the repetition frequency is 95-105kHz; scanning speed is 1450-1550mm/s, and light spot overlapping rate is 86-88%;
s4, surface laser cleaning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the microstructure laser scanning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is completed and the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe, and carrying out laser cleaning treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating; the relevant parameters of the laser cleaning process are as follows: the defocusing amount is 3.3-3.5mm; the laser power is 56-60W; the repetition frequency is 70-80kHz; scanning speed is 2100-2200mm/s, and light spot overlapping rate is 60-70%;
s5, surface laser polishing treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the laser cleaning treatment of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is finished, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe to carry out laser polishing treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the laser polishing treatment are as follows: the defocusing amount is 3.3-3.5mm; the laser power is 82-88W; the repetition frequency is 90-94kHz; the scanning speed is 1700-1800mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 82-84%.
Preferably, the marine metal oil pipe has a diameter of not more than 1.8m.
Preferably, the relevant parameters of the microstructure laser scanning process are as follows: the defocus amount was 2.85mm; the laser power is 110W; the repetition frequency is 100kHz; the scanning speed is 1500mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 87%.
Preferably, the relevant parameters of the laser cleaning process are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.4mm; the laser power is 58W; the repetition frequency is 75kHz; the scanning speed is 2150mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 65%.
Preferably, the relevant parameters of the laser polishing process are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.15mm; the laser power is 85W; the repetition frequency is 92kHz; the scanning speed is 1750mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 83%.
Preferably, in the short pulse laser, the number of pulses in the pulse train is 4-6.
Preferably, after the microstructure laser scanning treatment, the roughness of the surface of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.4-0.6 mu m.
Preferably, after the laser polishing treatment, the roughness of the surface of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.1-0.3 mu m.
The device comprises a pipeline robot and a laser processing system, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system, and the laser cladding system is used for melting powder materials conveyed by a coaxial powder conveying device by using continuous laser of a cladding laser head and covering the powder materials on the inner wall surface of the marine metal oil pipe to form a cladding layer; the laser forging system is used for carrying out laser forging on the cladding layer formed by the laser cladding system and realizing cladding while in cooperation with the laser cladding system; the pipeline robot comprises a cylindrical car body, an output shaft and a driving device, wherein 3 front roller opening and closing frames and 3 rear roller opening and closing frames are respectively distributed at the front end and the rear end of the cylindrical car body along the circumferential direction, the output shaft extends into the cylindrical car body from one end of the cylindrical car body and is in transmission connection with the driving device, a forging laser head of a laser forging system and a cladding laser head of the laser cladding system are arranged at the other end of the output shaft, and the driving device drives the forging laser head and the cladding laser head to rotate by 360 degrees through the output shaft; the driving device also provides power for the rollers of the front roller opening and closing frame and the rollers of the rear roller opening and closing frame.
Preferably, the laser processing system further comprises a multi-laser master control system, a semiconductor seed light source, a beam splitter, a MOPA configuration fiber laser and a Q-switched pulse fiber laser, wherein the beam splitter transmits seed light to the MOPA configuration fiber laser and the Q-switched pulse fiber laser respectively by the semiconductor seed light source; the MOPA configuration fiber laser is used for providing continuous laser for the laser cladding system; the MOPA configuration fiber laser comprises a continuous oscillator, a gain fiber and a solid amplifier which are connected in sequence; the Q-switched pulse fiber laser is used for providing pulse laser for the laser forging system and comprises a Q-switched oscillator, a gain fiber and a solid amplifier which are sequentially connected, wherein the Q-switched oscillator adopts an electro-optic modulator to control and compress pulse width; the laser cladding system comprises a coaxial powder feeding device and the cladding laser head, wherein the coaxial powder feeding device is connected with the cladding laser head, and the cladding laser head is connected with the MOPA-configured fiber laser; the forging laser head of the laser forging system is connected with the Q-switched pulse optical fiber laser.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the cladding coating and the laser treatment are combined on the inner wall of the oil pipe, so that the roughness of the surface of the coating is greatly reduced, and a smooth mirror surface is formed on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, so that the oil-resistant and drag-reducing functions are realized on the inner wall surface of the oil pipe, and the viscous oil is smoother in transportation.
Through a large number of experiments, the invention obtains the corresponding technical parameters of the corresponding laser treatment, not only further reduces the roughness value, but also improves the laser treatment efficiency.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by one skilled in the art without inventive effort from the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the modeling method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pipe robot of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the view shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a laser processing system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cylindrical vehicle body; 2. an output shaft; 3. a driving device; 4. a front roller opening and closing frame; 5. a rear roller opening and closing frame; 6. forging a laser head; 7. cladding a laser head; 8. a multi-laser master control system; 9. a semiconductor seed light source; 10. a beam splitter; 11. MOPA configuration fiber laser; 12. a Q-switched pulse fiber laser; 13. a laser cladding system; 14. a laser forging system; 15. a continuous oscillator; 16. a gain fiber; 17. a solid state amplifier; 18. a Q-switched oscillator; 19. a gain fiber; 20. a solid state amplifier; 21. coaxial powder feeding device.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper surface", "lower surface", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "forward rotation", "reverse", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing laser modeling: installing a laser processing system on the pipeline robot, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system; the working object of the pipeline robot is an ocean metal oil pipe with the diameter of 0.8 m.
S2, cladding an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe: the pipeline robot moves into the pretreated marine metal oil pipe, a semiconductor seed light source of the laser cladding system is started, and continuous laser and short pulse laser are formed after the semiconductor seed light source passes through the beam splitter and is processed, wherein the continuous laser is transmitted to a cladding laser head of the laser cladding system, and the short pulse laser is transmitted to a forging laser head of the laser forging system; the cladding laser and the coaxial powder feeding of the laser cladding system are regulated and controlled, so that the coaxial powder feeding device and the cladding laser head work synchronously, the cladding laser head in the laser cladding system starts cladding work on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe along a preset running path, and a cladding layer is gradually formed on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe; the forging laser head of the laser forging system starts laser forging along the track of the cladding layer, the pipeline robot slowly moves from one end to the other end along the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe until the surface of the cladding layer is completely forged, and an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is formed on the inner wall surface of the marine metal oil pipe. In the short pulse laser, the number of pulses in the pulse train is 4.
S3, microstructure laser scanning treatment of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating: after the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating is completely clad and cooled to normal temperature, the pipeline robot starts from one end of the marine metal oil pipe in the marine metal oil pipe, and a forging laser head of a laser forging system is started to perform microstructure laser scanning treatment on the surface of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the microstructure laser scanning treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 2.8mm; the laser power is 108W; the repetition frequency is 95kHz; the scanning speed is 1450mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 86%. After the microstructure laser scanning treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.56 mu m.
S4, surface laser cleaning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the microstructure laser scanning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is completed and the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, the pipeline robot starts from one end of the marine metal oil pipe in the marine metal oil pipe, and a forging laser head of a laser forging system is started to carry out laser cleaning treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating.
The laser technical parameters of laser cleaning are key factors for the quality of the laser cleaning effect. The relevant parameters of the laser cleaning process are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.3mm; the laser power is 56W; the repetition frequency is 70kHz; the scanning speed is 2100mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 60%.
The laser cleaning treatment has the following technical characteristics:
the laser cleaning is a green cleaning method, no chemical agent or cleaning liquid is needed, the cleaned waste is basically solid powder, the volume is small, the laser cleaning is easy to store and can be recycled, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by chemical cleaning can be easily solved;
the traditional cleaning method is usually contact type cleaning, mechanical acting force is applied to the surface of a cleaning object, the surface of the object is damaged or a cleaning medium is attached to the surface of the object to be cleaned and cannot be removed, secondary pollution is generated, and the problems are solved easily due to no grinding and non-contact performance of laser cleaning;
the laser can be transmitted through the optical fiber, and is matched with the robot hand and the robot, so that the remote operation can be conveniently realized, and the parts which are not easy to reach by the traditional method can be cleaned, so that the safety of personnel can be ensured when the laser is used in dangerous places;
the laser cleaning can remove various types of pollutants on the surfaces of various materials, so that the cleanliness which cannot be achieved by conventional cleaning is achieved. But also can selectively clean the pollutants on the surface of the material without damaging the surface of the material; the laser cleaning efficiency is high, and the time is saved.
S5, surface laser polishing treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the laser cleaning treatment of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is finished, the pipeline robot starts from one end of the marine metal oil pipe in the marine metal oil pipe, and a forging laser head of a laser forging system is started to carry out laser polishing treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating. After the laser polishing treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.23 mu m.
The laser technical parameters of laser cleaning are key factors for the quality of the laser cleaning effect. The relevant parameters for the laser polishing process are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.3mm; the laser power is 82W; the repetition frequency is 90kHz; the scanning speed is 1700mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 82%. The importance of the factors influencing the laser polishing effect is sequentially ordered into defocus amount, laser power, repetition frequency and scanning speed according to the size. The defocus amount can directly influence the size of a thermally coupled region of laser polishing, thereby influencing the radius of a molten pool formed by heating the surface of a material. Too large defocus causes larger radius of a molten pool, so that the whole surface is heated unevenly, and excessive heat influence is generated; too small a defocus amount results in no melting of the whole surface and insignificant changes in roughness. The laser power and the repetition frequency jointly determine the laser energy density, the excessive energy density can cause excessive heating of the surface, the depth of the valley is further deepened, and the too small energy density can not enable the material to reach the melting point, insufficient melting and the polishing effect is reduced. The scanning speed determines the action time of laser, the surface can be heated uniformly only by the proper scanning speed, the phenomenon of superfusion of the surface can not occur, the shallow melting state of the surface is kept, and a better polishing effect is achieved.
Example 2
A modeling method for reducing drag of a microstructure of an inner wall of a short pulse laser marine metal oil pipe comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing laser modeling: installing a laser processing system on the pipeline robot, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system; the working object of the pipeline robot is an ocean metal oil pipe with the diameter of 1.3 m.
S2, cladding an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe: the pipeline robot moves into the pretreated marine metal oil pipe, a semiconductor seed light source of the laser cladding system is started, and continuous laser and short pulse laser are formed after the semiconductor seed light source passes through the beam splitter and is processed, wherein the continuous laser is transmitted to a cladding laser head of the laser cladding system, and the short pulse laser is transmitted to a forging laser head of the laser forging system; the cladding laser and the coaxial powder feeding of the laser cladding system are regulated and controlled, so that the coaxial powder feeding device and the cladding laser head work synchronously, the cladding laser head in the laser cladding system starts cladding work on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe along a preset running path, and a cladding layer is gradually formed on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe; the forging laser head of the laser forging system starts laser forging along the track of the cladding layer, the pipeline robot slowly moves from one end to the other end along the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe until the surface of the cladding layer is completely forged, and an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is formed on the inner wall surface of the marine metal oil pipe. In the short pulse laser, the number of pulses in the pulse train is 5.
S3, microstructure laser scanning treatment of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating: after the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating is completely clad and cooled to normal temperature, the pipeline robot starts from one end of the marine metal oil pipe in the marine metal oil pipe, and a forging laser head of a laser forging system is started to perform microstructure laser scanning treatment on the surface of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the microstructure laser scanning treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 2.85mm; the laser power is 110W; the repetition frequency is 100kHz; the scanning speed is 1500mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 87%. After the microstructure laser scanning treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.46 mu m.
S4, surface laser cleaning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the microstructure laser scanning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is completed and the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe, and carrying out laser cleaning treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating; the relevant parameters of the laser cleaning process are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.4mm; the laser power is 58W; the repetition frequency is 75kHz; the scanning speed is 2150mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 65%.
S5, surface laser polishing treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the laser cleaning treatment of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is finished, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe to carry out laser polishing treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the laser polishing treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.4mm; the laser power is 85W; the repetition frequency is 92kHz; the scanning speed is 1750mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 83%.
After the laser polishing treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.19 mu m.
Example 3
A modeling method for reducing drag of a microstructure of an inner wall of a short pulse laser marine metal oil pipe comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing laser modeling: installing a laser processing system on the pipeline robot, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system; the working object of the pipeline robot is an ocean metal oil pipe with the diameter of 1.8m.
S2, cladding an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe: the pipeline robot moves into the pretreated marine metal oil pipe, a semiconductor seed light source of the laser cladding system is started, and continuous laser and short pulse laser are formed after the semiconductor seed light source passes through the beam splitter and is processed, wherein the continuous laser is transmitted to a cladding laser head of the laser cladding system, and the short pulse laser is transmitted to a forging laser head of the laser forging system; the cladding laser and the coaxial powder feeding of the laser cladding system are regulated and controlled, so that the coaxial powder feeding device and the cladding laser head work synchronously, the cladding laser head in the laser cladding system starts cladding work on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe along a preset running path, and a cladding layer is gradually formed on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe; the forging laser head of the laser forging system starts laser forging along the track of the cladding layer, the pipeline robot slowly moves from one end to the other end along the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe until the surface of the cladding layer is completely forged, and an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is formed on the inner wall surface of the marine metal oil pipe. In the short pulse laser, the number of pulses in the pulse train is 6.
S3, microstructure laser scanning treatment of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating: after the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating is completely clad and cooled to normal temperature, the pipeline robot starts from one end of the marine metal oil pipe in the marine metal oil pipe, and a forging laser head of a laser forging system is started to perform microstructure laser scanning treatment on the surface of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the microstructure laser scanning treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 2.9mm; the laser power is 112W; the repetition frequency is 105kHz; the scanning speed is 1550mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 88%. After the microstructure laser scanning treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.52 mu m.
S4, surface laser cleaning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the microstructure laser scanning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is completed and the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe, and carrying out laser cleaning treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating; the relevant parameters of the laser cleaning process are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.5mm; the laser power is 60W; the repetition frequency is 80kHz; the scanning speed is 2200mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 70%.
S5, surface laser polishing treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the laser cleaning treatment of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is finished, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe to carry out laser polishing treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the laser polishing treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.5mm; the laser power is 88W; the repetition frequency is 94kHz; the scanning speed is 1800mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 84%.
After the laser polishing treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.25 mu m.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the device for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser comprises a pipeline robot and a laser processing system, wherein the pipeline robot comprises a cylindrical car body 1, an output shaft 2 and a driving device 3, 3 front roller opening and closing frames 4 and 3 rear roller opening and closing frames 5 are respectively distributed at the front end and the rear end of the cylindrical car body 1 along the circumferential direction, the output shaft 2 extends into the cylindrical car body 1 from one end of the cylindrical car body 1 to be in transmission connection with the driving device 3, a forging laser head 6 of a laser forging system and a cladding laser head 7 of the laser cladding system are arranged at the other end of the output shaft 2, and the driving device 3 drives the forging laser head 6 and the cladding laser head 360 degrees to rotate through the output shaft 2; the driving device also provides power for the rollers of the front roller opening and closing frame 4 and the rollers of the rear roller opening and closing frame 5.
The laser processing system comprises a multi-laser master control system 8, a semiconductor seed light source 9, a beam splitter 10, a MOPA configuration fiber laser 11, a Q-switched pulse fiber laser 12, a laser cladding system 13 and a laser forging system 14, wherein the laser cladding system 13 is used for melting powder materials conveyed by a coaxial powder conveying device by utilizing continuous laser of a cladding laser head and covering the powder materials on the inner wall surface of an ocean metal oil pipe so as to form a cladding layer; and the laser forging system 14 is used for carrying out laser forging on the cladding layer formed by the laser cladding system and is cooperated with the laser cladding system to realize cladding while cladding.
The beam splitter 10 transmits seed light of the semiconductor seed light source 9 to the MOPA configuration fiber laser 11 and the Q-switched pulse fiber laser 12 respectively; a MOPA configuration fiber laser 11 for providing continuous laser to the laser cladding system; the MOPA configuration fiber laser 12 comprises a continuous oscillator 15, a gain fiber 16 and a solid-state amplifier 17 which are connected in sequence; the Q-switched pulse fiber laser is used for providing pulse laser for the laser forging system, the Q-switched pulse fiber laser 12 comprises a Q-switched oscillator 18, a gain fiber 19 and a solid amplifier 20 which are sequentially connected, and the Q-switched oscillator 18 adopts an electro-optic modulator to control and compress pulse width; the laser cladding system 13 comprises a coaxial powder feeding device 21 and the cladding laser head 7, wherein the coaxial powder feeding device 21 is connected with the cladding laser head 7, and the cladding laser head 7 is connected with the MOPA-configured fiber laser 11; the forging laser head 6 of the laser forging system 14 is connected with the Q-switched pulse fiber laser 12.
Working principle: the invention uses laser to carry out cladding coating and laser treatment on the inner wall of the oil pipe, the cladding coating is used for improving oil resistance, reducing the adhesive force between the inner wall of the oil pipe and crude oil, preventing the crude oil from adhering to the inner wall of the oil pipe as much as possible, ensuring that the inner wall of the oil pipe has strong corrosion resistance and improving the capability of preventing the crude oil from being corroded. The laser treatment is used for reducing the roughness of the surface of the coating, and a mirror surface can be formed on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, so that the drag reduction function of the inner wall surface of the oil pipe is greatly highlighted. The dual functions of oil resistance and drag reduction are realized on the inner wall surface of the oil pipe, so that viscous oil is smoother in transportation. Through a large number of experiments, the invention obtains the corresponding technical parameters of the corresponding laser treatment, not only improves the laser treatment effect, but also improves the laser treatment efficiency.
Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction. While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing laser modeling: installing a laser processing system on the pipeline robot, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system; the working object of the pipeline robot is an ocean metal oil pipe with the diameter not smaller than 0.8 m;
s2, cladding an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe: the pipeline robot moves into the pretreated marine metal oil pipe, a semiconductor seed light source of the laser cladding system is started, and continuous laser and short pulse laser are formed after the semiconductor seed light source passes through the beam splitter and is processed, wherein the continuous laser is transmitted to a cladding laser head of the laser cladding system, and the short pulse laser is transmitted to a forging laser head of the laser forging system; the cladding laser and the coaxial powder feeding of the laser cladding system are regulated and controlled, so that the coaxial powder feeding device and the cladding laser head work synchronously, the cladding laser head in the laser cladding system starts cladding work on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe along a preset running path, and a cladding layer is gradually formed on the inner wall surface of the ocean metal oil pipe; the forging laser head of the laser forging system starts laser forging along the track of the cladding layer, the pipeline robot slowly moves from one end to the other end along the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe until the surface of the cladding layer is completely forged, and an anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is formed on the inner wall surface of the marine metal oil pipe;
s3, microstructure laser scanning treatment of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating: after the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating is completely clad and cooled to normal temperature, the pipeline robot starts from one end of the marine metal oil pipe in the marine metal oil pipe, and a forging laser head of a laser forging system is started to perform microstructure laser scanning treatment on the surface of the corrosion-resistant oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the microstructure laser scanning treatment are as follows: the defocusing amount is 2.8-2.9mm; the laser power is 108-112W; the repetition frequency is 95-105kHz; scanning speed is 1450-1550mm/s, and light spot overlapping rate is 86-88%;
s4, surface laser cleaning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the microstructure laser scanning treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is completed and the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe, and carrying out laser cleaning treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating; the relevant parameters of the laser cleaning process are as follows: the defocusing amount is 3.3-3.5mm; the laser power is 56-60W; the repetition frequency is 70-80kHz; scanning speed is 2100-2200mm/s, and light spot overlapping rate is 60-70%;
s5, surface laser polishing treatment of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating: after the laser cleaning treatment of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating is finished, starting a forging laser head of a laser forging system in the marine metal oil pipe from one end of the marine metal oil pipe to carry out laser polishing treatment on the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating, wherein the related parameters of the laser polishing treatment are as follows: the defocusing amount is 3.3-3.5mm; the laser power is 82-88W; the repetition frequency is 90-94kHz; the scanning speed is 1700-1800mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 82-84%.
2. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the diameter of the marine metal oil pipe is not more than 1.8m.
3. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the relevant parameters of the microstructure laser scanning treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 2.85mm; the laser power is 110W; the repetition frequency is 100kHz; the scanning speed is 1500mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 87%.
4. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the relevant parameters of the laser cleaning treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.4mm; the laser power is 58W; the repetition frequency is 75kHz; the scanning speed is 2150mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 65%.
5. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the relevant parameters of the laser polishing treatment are as follows: the defocus amount was 3.15mm; the laser power is 85W; the repetition frequency is 92kHz; the scanning speed is 1750mm/s, and the light spot overlapping rate is 83%.
6. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the short pulse laser, the number of pulses in the pulse train is 4-6.
7. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the microstructure laser scanning treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.4-0.6 mu m.
8. The modeling method for reducing drag of the microstructure of the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe by using the short pulse laser according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the laser polishing treatment, the roughness of the surface of the anti-corrosion oil-resistant coating on the inner wall of the marine metal oil pipe is 0.1-0.3 mu m.
9. The utility model provides a device of short pulse laser ocean metal oil pipe inner wall microstructure resistance reduction which characterized in that: the system comprises the pipeline robot and a laser processing system, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser cladding system and a laser forging system, and the laser cladding system is used for melting powder materials conveyed by a coaxial powder conveying device by using continuous laser of a cladding laser head and covering the powder materials on the inner wall surface of an ocean metal oil pipe so as to form a cladding layer; the laser forging system is used for carrying out laser forging on the cladding layer formed by the laser cladding system and realizing cladding while in cooperation with the laser cladding system; the pipeline robot comprises a cylindrical car body, an output shaft and a driving device, wherein 3 front roller opening and closing frames and 3 rear roller opening and closing frames are respectively distributed at the front end and the rear end of the cylindrical car body along the circumferential direction, the output shaft extends into the cylindrical car body from one end of the cylindrical car body and is in transmission connection with the driving device, a forging laser head of a laser forging system and a cladding laser head of the laser cladding system are arranged at the other end of the output shaft, and the driving device drives the forging laser head and the cladding laser head to rotate by 360 degrees through the output shaft; the driving device also provides power for the rollers of the front roller opening and closing frame and the rollers of the rear roller opening and closing frame.
10. The device for reducing drag on the microstructure of the inner wall of a marine metal oil pipe by using a short pulse laser according to claim 9, wherein: the laser processing system further comprises a multi-laser master control system, a semiconductor seed light source, a beam splitter, a MOPA configuration fiber laser and a Q-switched pulse fiber laser, wherein the beam splitter transmits seed light to the MOPA configuration fiber laser and the Q-switched pulse fiber laser respectively by the semiconductor seed light source; the MOPA configuration fiber laser is used for providing continuous laser for the laser cladding system; the MOPA configuration fiber laser comprises a continuous oscillator, a gain fiber and a solid amplifier which are connected in sequence; the Q-switched pulse fiber laser is used for providing pulse laser for the laser forging system and comprises a Q-switched oscillator, a gain fiber and a solid amplifier which are sequentially connected, wherein the Q-switched oscillator adopts an electro-optic modulator to control and compress pulse width; the laser cladding system comprises a coaxial powder feeding device and the cladding laser head, wherein the coaxial powder feeding device is connected with the cladding laser head, and the cladding laser head is connected with the MOPA-configured fiber laser; the forging laser head of the laser forging system is connected with the Q-switched pulse optical fiber laser.
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