CN107858680A - A kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress - Google Patents
A kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN107858680A CN107858680A CN201710947554.6A CN201710947554A CN107858680A CN 107858680 A CN107858680 A CN 107858680A CN 201710947554 A CN201710947554 A CN 201710947554A CN 107858680 A CN107858680 A CN 107858680A
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- residual stress
- groove
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress, before cladding, the groove microstructure of prefabricated regular array on base material, laser spot falls at two adjacent trenches centers the present invention, and fusing road is parallel to each other with groove.The present invention is applied to laser melting and coating technique, and its feature is that drip molding residual stress is low, and effective Crack prevention, cracking, buckling deformation phenomenon are simple to operate without extra equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of laser processing, more particularly to a kind of side for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress
Method.
Background technology
Laser melting coating is a kind of method for metal coating being prepared in metal dust cladding to base material using high energy laser beam,
This method have the advantages that high with base material bond strength, dilution rate is low, hardness is high, it is wear-resisting with it is corrosion-resistant.In recent years, based on this skill
Art carries out that surface is modified and reinforced just turns into study hotspot to key metal parts, and shows wide application prospect.However,
Due to factor, the metal pottery through laser melting coating such as Laser beam energy distribution is uneven, thermograde is big, freezing rate is big in cladding process
Enamel coating is because residual stress the defects of causing crackle, the problem of cladding layer is easy to crack, seriously constrains it into industrial circle
Further genralrlization and application.
In order to solve this problem, researcher takes following four method：
First, from laser power, spot diameter, sweep speed, overlapping rate, scanning strategy etc. Optimizing Process Parameters,
Change the stress distribution inside product so as to reduce residual stress, but the mechanical property of product can not be taken into account；
Second, increase warm-up block on Shaped substrates, in base material bottom-heated before laser scanning base material, reduce into
The thermograde of shape part and base material product, so as to reduce because thermograde is excessive and caused by residual stress, but base material is entered
Row preheating can increase the complexity of equipment and the difficulty of control；
3rd, drip molding is subjected to the post processing such as high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), stress relief annealing, eliminates drip molding internal residual stress,
Although can reduce residual stress to a certain extent, product still can strain cracking after machining, it is impossible to plays pre-
Anti- effect；
4th, the oxides such as MgO, CeO2, Y2O3 are mixed in cladding process to reduce residual stress, but oxide mixes
So that complex process, low production efficiency, processing cost are big.
To sum up, in the prior art, lack a kind of simple and cheap cost method, can effectively reduce residual stress, keep away
Exempt from the method for metal melting layer cracking.
The content of the invention
The present invention provide it is a kind of reduce Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress method, can by simple and easy, into
This cheap method, the residual stress of metal melting coating is reduced, the problem of avoiding metal melting layer from ftractureing.
A kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress, including：
S1, base material is fixedly installed in processing bottom plate；
S2, laser go out groove in substrate surface scanning and ablation；
S3, powder feed system is opened, in the trench bedding metal powder；
S4, the laser spot fall at the adjacent ditch groove center, and metal powder solidifies after laser fusion, are formed
Road is melted, substrate surface is wrapped in after metal powder cladding, forms cladding layer.
Further, the size of groove is：Depth d=1~3mm, width b=1~2mm, spacing a=1~5mm.
Further, groove is parallel to each other, and parallel with the direction of the laser scanning.
Further, the material of metal powder includes：Copper-based material, iron-based material, cobalt-based material, nickel-base material, aluminium base
Material, intermetallic compound base material.
Further, the granularity of metal powder is -100~+300 mesh
Further, laser power is P=500~10000W, and sweep speed is v=1~10mm/s, spot diameter D
=1~5mm, protective gas are inert gas.
Further, when base material is plane, groove is grid type and boundary shifts type；When base material is several times type, groove
For boundary shifts type；When base material is revolving body, groove is spiral shape.
What the present invention had has the beneficial effect that：The groove structure of prefabricated regular array on base material, uniform groove can be effective
Release cladding layer thermal strain is carried the baby, and reduces residual stress accumulation, is reduced residual stress level and is suppressed crackle generation, effectively
Avoid crackle and cracking the problem of.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, it will use below required in embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, on the premise of not paying creative work, it can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of suitable devices of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation between cladding road groove；
Fig. 3 is groove structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is embodiment cladding road crackle comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is embodiment cladding layer section metallographic comparison diagram；
Fig. 6 is the anti-dry sliding wear amount statistical chart of embodiment cladding layer.
1- bottom plates, 2- base materials, 3- grooves, 4- sedimentaries, 5- powder feed systems, 6- laser systems, 7- powder conduits road, 8-
Laser transfer pipeline, 9- powder delivery grooves, 10- powder-feeding nozzles, 11- laser.
Embodiment
To make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme, with reference to embodiment to this
Invention is described in further detail.
The applicable device of the embodiment of the present invention as shown in figure 1, including：Bottom plate 1, base material 2, groove 3, sedimentary 4, powder feeding system
System 5, laser system 6, powder conduit road 7, laser transfer pipeline 8, powder delivery groove 9, powder-feeding nozzle 10.
Base material 2 is fixedly mounted on bottom plate 1, groove 3 is burnt out on base material 2.Powder feed system 5 and laser system 6 pass through powder
Transfer pipeline 7 and laser transfer pipeline 8 connect powder delivery groove 9, and the end of powder delivery groove 9 sets powder-feeding nozzle 10.Powder-feeding nozzle 10 sprays
Metal dust, the surface of base material 2 is covered in, the molten metal powder of laser 11, cladding road is formed, as shown in Fig. 2 cladding road and groove
Interior molten metal powder forms sedimentary 4.
A kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress, including：
S1,316L stainless steel substrates are fixedly installed in processing bottom plate, substrate sizes are 100 × 100 × 10mm.
S2, laser go out groove in substrate surface scanning and ablation, as shown in figure 3, in figure, gash depth 1mm, width
Spend for 1mm, spacing 5mm, length 100mm；Laser power is 2300W, sweep speed 10mm/s, and shielding gas velocity is
25L/min。
S3, powder feed system is opened, powder feeding rate is 60g/min, in the trench bedding tungsten carbide metal powder WC/Ni60
(60%WC), powder particle 200um.
S4, the laser spot fall at the adjacent ditch groove center, a diameter of 5mm of tabula rasa of laser, and overlapping rate is
5%, the metal powder cladding is obtained cladding layer by the laser.
Dye penetrant inspection is carried out to cladding exemplar, analyzes macroscopic cracking quantity；Fig. 4 (a) be base material without groove when cladding road
Crack pattern, Fig. 4 (b) is cladding road crack pattern when base material has groove, it can be seen that when base material has groove
The basic flawless in cladding road.
Use light microscope paired observation cladding layer microstructure；Fig. 5 (a) be base material without groove when cladding road section
Metallograph, Fig. 5 (b) are cladding road section metallographs when base material has groove, it can be seen that having molten on groove base material
WC particle distribution is more uniform in coating, and without substantially phenomenon is sunk to the bottom, stomata quantity is less.
Dry sliding wear experiment is carried out, contrast pure laser cladding layer using weighing method rubs with what texture laser cladding layer resisted
Wiping ability, Fig. 6 is the anti-dry sliding wear amount statistical chart of cladding layer, under the conditions of identical laser technology, texture cladding layer
It is approximately the 7/10 of laser cladding layer to wear quality, i.e. the anti-wear performance of texture cladding layer is approximately 1.4 times of laser cladding layer.
To sum up：Groove structure can effectively discharge cladding layer thermal strain and be carried the baby, and reduce residual stress accumulation, reduce remaining
Stress level simultaneously suppresses crackle generation, and compared with without groove base material cladding layer, antiwear property significantly improves.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) it is low that drip molding residual stress can be significantly reduced, effective Crack prevention, cracking, buckling deformation phenomenon；
(2) bond strength is high between cladding layer and base material；
(3) present invention is realized without complicated equipment, it is simple to operate.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in, all should
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress, it is characterised in that including：S1, base material is fixedly installed in processing bottom plate；S2, laser go out groove in substrate surface scanning and ablation；S3, powder feed system is opened, in the trench bedding metal powder；S4, the laser spot fall at the adjacent ditch groove center, and the metal powder cladding is obtained cladding by the laser Layer.
- 2. a kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described The size of groove is：Depth d=1 ~ 3mm, width b=1 ~ 2mm, spacing a=1 ~ 5mm.
- 3. a kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Groove is parallel to each other, and parallel with the direction of the laser scanning.
- A kind of 4. method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The material of the metal powder includes：Copper-based material, iron-based material, cobalt-based material, nickel-base material, alumina-base material, intermetallic Thing sill.
- 5. a kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described The granularity of metal powder is -100 ~+300 meshA kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to swash Luminous power is P=500 ~ 10000W, and sweep speed is v=1 ~ 10mm/s, and spot diameter is D=1 ~ 5mm, and protective gas is indifferent gas Body.
- 6. a kind of method for reducing Laser Cladding Metal Layer residual stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described When base material is plane, the groove is grid type and boundary shifts type；When the base material is several times type, the groove is border Offset-type；When the base material is revolving body, the groove is spiral shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710947554.6A CN107858680B (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2017-10-12 | Method for reducing residual stress of laser cladding metal coating |
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| CN201710947554.6A CN107858680B (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2017-10-12 | Method for reducing residual stress of laser cladding metal coating |
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| CN107858680A true CN107858680A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
| CN107858680B CN107858680B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109652797A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-19 | 天津科技大学 | A kind of stainless steel surface laser coating method |
| CN112899674A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 同高先进制造科技（太仓）有限公司 | Laser cladding method based on trapezoidal groove |
| CN115537806A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-30 | 北京赛亿科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of anti-caking furnace bottom roller |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104480476A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏大学 | Laser thermal combination remanufacturing method for metal damage part |
-
2017
- 2017-10-12 CN CN201710947554.6A patent/CN107858680B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104480476A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏大学 | Laser thermal combination remanufacturing method for metal damage part |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109652797A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-19 | 天津科技大学 | A kind of stainless steel surface laser coating method |
| CN112899674A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 同高先进制造科技（太仓）有限公司 | Laser cladding method based on trapezoidal groove |
| CN115537806A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-30 | 北京赛亿科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of anti-caking furnace bottom roller |
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| CN107858680B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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