CN117644035A - Pneumatic separation device for raw grains - Google Patents
Pneumatic separation device for raw grains Download PDFInfo
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- CN117644035A CN117644035A CN202410120494.0A CN202410120494A CN117644035A CN 117644035 A CN117644035 A CN 117644035A CN 202410120494 A CN202410120494 A CN 202410120494A CN 117644035 A CN117644035 A CN 117644035A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 143
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011868 grain product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a pneumatic separator for former grain belongs to grain screening technical field, including the separator box, be provided with multilayer sieve in the separator box, the equal slope of sieve sets up in the separator box, the discharge end of upper screen plate is located the top of lower floor's sieve plate feed end, a plurality of sieve meshes have been seted up on the sieve, the sieve mesh diameter that is located upper screen plate is greater than the sieve mesh diameter of lower floor's sieve, the bottom of separator box is provided with first pneumatic means, the top of separator box has just been close to lateral wall department and has been seted up the feeding breach, the air outlet has been seted up to the lateral wall that the separator box is close to the feeding breach, be provided with the pneumatic means of second on the separator box, the discharge gate has been seted up to the discharge end that just is located the sieve on the lateral wall of separator box, be provided with the screen cloth with the third pneumatic means below the screen cloth, pneumatic separator still includes collection device, collection device is used for collecting grain after the screen cloth separation. The application has the effect of improving the screening effect of grains.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of grain screening, in particular to a pneumatic separation device for raw grains.
Background
Raw grain refers to unprocessed crops, such as wheat, rice, corn, soybeans, etc., obtained directly after harvesting from a farmland. Generally, raw grains are subjected to preliminary processing and treatment, such as removal of impurities, washing, crushing, classification, drying, etc., to ensure quality and storage conditions thereof, and then are transported to a grain processing plant for further processing to produce various grain products and foods.
At present, when raw grain is screened, a grain winnowing machine is generally used, and the grain winnowing machine is used for separating lighter impurities from grains, wherein the principle is that according to the aerodynamic principle and the difference of the specific gravity of light and heavy materials, lighter impurities are blown out from an impurity port by a fan, and heavier grains fall under the action of gravity, so that the separation of grains and impurities is realized.
However, in the grain collecting process, impurities such as stones inevitably exist, in the winnowing process, the weight difference between part of stones and grain particles is small, so that the stones can fall into the grains, and the grain screening effect is general.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the screening effect of grain, the application provides a pneumatic separation device for raw grain.
The application provides a pneumatic separator for ration adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a pneumatic separator for former grain, includes the separator box, be provided with multilayer sieve in the separator box, the equal slope of sieve sets up in the separator box, the upper strata the discharge end of sieve is located the top of lower floor's sieve plate feed end, a plurality of sieve pores have been seted up on the sieve, be located the upper strata the sieve diameter of sieve is greater than the sieve diameter of lower floor's sieve, the bottom of separator box is provided with first pneumatic means, first pneumatic means is used for carrying compressed air and passes through the sieve mesh to separator box top, the feed gap has been seted up at the top of separator box and is close to lateral wall department, the feed gap is rectangular shape, the air outlet has been seted up to the lateral wall that the separator box is close to the feed gap, be provided with second pneumatic means on the separator box, the discharge end that is located on the lateral wall of separator box has seted up the discharge gate, with the discharge gate intercommunication is provided with the sieve diameter, the sieve diameter equals to correspond the sieve diameter on the sieve mesh, the sieve mesh below is provided with the third pneumatic means, the third pneumatic means is used for collecting grain after the separator screen mesh and the pneumatic means, the grain is used for collecting the pneumatic means.
Optionally, span the feeding breach is provided with many blocking rods, the length direction of blocking rods is perpendicular to the length direction of feeding breach, blocking rods evenly and the interval is arranged in the feeding breach.
Optionally, the last rotation of lateral wall of separator box is provided with and opens and close the board, it opens and close the discharge gate to open and close the board rotation, the axis of rotation of opening and close the board is on a parallel with the length direction of feeding breach, be provided with on the separator box and be used for driving and open and close board pivoted first motor.
Optionally, both sides of opening and close the board all are provided with the baffle, both sides the baffle with open and close and form grain conveying channel between the board, the baffle slides and sets up on opening and close the board, the slip direction perpendicular to baffle face of baffle, be provided with the elastic component on opening and close the board, the elastic component is used for opening and close when board and separator box separation, order about the baffle roll-off is in order to form conveying channel.
Optionally, the collecting device includes the fourth pneumatic means of setting in the separator tank lateral wall, the fourth pneumatic means is used for carrying compressed air and acts on the grain of suspension and drive the grain and remove and drop from the screen cloth along the direction that deviates from the separator tank, the collecting device still includes the collecting box of setting in screen cloth one side, follow grain entering collecting box that shifts out on the screen cloth.
Optionally, the screen cloth both sides are provided with the riser, the riser height is greater than grain suspension height, two be provided with the scraper blade between the riser, the scraper blade slides and sets up on the riser, the scraper blade slides along being on a parallel with riser length direction, leave the space that supplies grain to pass through between scraper blade and the screen cloth, be provided with on the riser and be used for driving the scraper blade to slide to scrape the first driving piece of grain on the screen cloth.
Optionally, the pneumatic separation device further comprises an impurity box, the screen is arranged in the impurity box and located at an opening of the impurity box, the third pneumatic device is located in the impurity box, the center line of the screen is rotationally arranged in the impurity box, the rotation axis of the screen is parallel to the bottom wall of the impurity box, and the impurity box is provided with a second driving piece for driving the screen to rotate.
Optionally, the width of the opening and closing plate is larger than the width of the discharge hole.
Optionally, be located the top be provided with the batching box on the sieve, the top and the feeding breach intercommunication of batching box, the batching box is close to the lateral wall of place sieve discharge end and is close to the sieve department and has seted up and shift out the breach, the width of batching box is less than the width of sieve and is located the middle part of sieve.
Optionally, be provided with the feed divider in the batching box, the feed divider rotates and sets up in the batching box, the length direction of feed divider is on a parallel with the sieve surface, the axis of rotation of feed divider is perpendicular to the sieve is parallel, the axis of rotation of feed divider is located and shifts out the breach, be provided with on the sieve and be used for driving the feed divider rotation to shift out the second motor of batching box grain.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. when grain is screened, the grain is poured into a separation box, then air in the separation box is driven to circulate through a first pneumatic device and a second pneumatic device, compressed air is introduced into the separation box by the first pneumatic device and flows from bottom to top along the separation box, meanwhile, the grain gradually moves downwards through sieve holes on a sieve plate according to the grain size, at the moment, the compressed air drives light impurities in the grain to move upwards, and the light impurities are driven to move out through an air outlet under the action of the second pneumatic device; after light impurities are separated from grains, the grains roll along a screen plate, grains with the grain diameter smaller than the diameter of a screen mesh fall onto a next layer of screen plate, under the action of the screen plate, grains and impurities with similar volumes are led into the screen plate through a discharge hole, then air is compressed through a third pneumatic device and is driven to flow towards the upper part of the screen plate, and when the compressed air flows, the impurities are driven to be separated from the grains (the principle of separating the grains from the impurities is that the density of stones is greater than that of the grains, and under the condition of similar volumes, the mass of the stones is greater than that of the grains), under the action of the third pneumatic device, the grains with lighter mass are in a suspension state, and then under the action of a collecting device, the suspended grains are collected, so that the screening of the grains is completed; in the process, firstly, light impurities in grains are separated, and then impurities with the volume similar to that of the grains are separated, so that the screening effect on the grains is improved;
2. under the action of the multi-layer sieve plate, grains with similar grain diameters are separated and collected separately, so that the sieving effect of the grains is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a separator tank in a pneumatic separator for raw grain according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a separator tank in a pneumatic separator for raw grain according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an impurity tank in a pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the opening and closing plate in the pneumatic separation device for raw grains according to the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 4;
fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion C in fig. 2.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a separation box; 2. a sieve plate; 3. a first pneumatic device; 4. a feeding notch; 5. an air outlet; 6. a second pneumatic device; 7. a screen; 8. a third pneumatic device; 9. a blocking lever; 10. an opening and closing plate; 11. a first motor; 12. a baffle; 13. a channel; 14. a spring; 15. a fourth pneumatic device; 16. a collection box; 17. a riser; 18. a scraper; 19. a driving motor; 20. a first lead screw; 21. an impurity box; 22. a rotating motor; 23. a batching box; 24. removing the notch; 25. a material distributing rod; 26. and a discharge port.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with fig. 1-8.
The embodiment of the application discloses a pneumatic separation device for raw grains. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the pneumatic separation device for raw grains comprises a separation box 1, wherein a plurality of layers of sieve plates 2 are arranged in the separation box 1, the inner walls of the separation box 1 are fixedly connected in the side walls of the sieve plates 2, the sieve plates 2 are obliquely arranged in the separation box 1, the discharge end of the upper layer of sieve plates 2 is positioned above the feed end of the lower layer of sieve plates 2, a plurality of sieve holes are formed in the sieve plates 2, the sieve holes penetrate through the sieve plates 2, the sieve hole diameter of the upper layer of sieve plates 2 is larger than the sieve hole diameter of the lower layer of sieve plates 2, a first pneumatic device 3 is arranged at the bottom of the separation box 1, and the first pneumatic device 3 is used for conveying compressed air to the top of the separation box 1 through the sieve holes, and in the embodiment of the application, the first pneumatic device 3 is a first air compressor, a plurality of first air compressors are arranged on the bottom wall of the separation box 1 in a rectangular array, the air inlet end of the first air compressor is positioned outside the separation box 1, and the air outlet end is positioned in the separation box 1;
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a feeding gap 4 is formed at the top of the separation box 1 and close to the side wall, the feeding gap 4 is in a strip shape, an air outlet 5 is formed in the side wall of the separation box 1 close to the feeding gap 4, a second pneumatic device 6 is arranged on the separation box 1, the second pneumatic device 6 is used for sucking air in the separation box 1 and discharging the air through the air outlet 5, a discharge hole 26 is formed in the side wall of the separation box 1 and at the discharge end of the screen plate 2, the second pneumatic device 6 is a first air pump, the first air pump is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the separation box 1, the air inlet end of the first air pump is positioned in the separation box 1, and the air outlet end of the first air pump is positioned outside the separation box 1;
referring to fig. 3 and 4, the screen cloth 7 is arranged in communication with the discharge hole 26, the screen cloth 7 corresponds to the screen plates 2 one by one, the screen cloth 7 is located at one side of the separation box 1, the screen cloth 7 located at the same side of the separation box 1 is arranged in the vertical direction, the diameter of the screen holes on the screen cloth 7 is equal to that of the screen holes on the corresponding screen plates 2, a third pneumatic device 8 is arranged below the screen cloth 7, the third pneumatic device 8 is used for blowing grains to be separated from the screen cloth 7, the third pneumatic device 8 is a second air compressor, the second air compressor is located below the screen cloth 7, the air outlet end of the second air compressor is aligned with the screen cloth 7, and the pneumatic separation device further comprises a collecting device used for collecting grains separated from the screen cloth 7.
When grain is screened, the grain is poured into the separation box 1, then the air in and out of the separation box 1 is circulated through the first air compressor and the first air pump, the first air compressor introduces compressed air into the separation box 1 and flows from bottom to top along the separation box 1, meanwhile, the grain gradually moves downwards through the sieve holes on the sieve plate 2 according to the grain size, at the moment, the compressed air drives light impurities in the grain to move upwards, and the light impurities are driven to move out through the air outlet 5 under the action of the first air pump; after light impurities are separated from grains, the grains roll along the screen plate 2, grains with the grain diameter smaller than the diameter of the screen holes fall onto the next screen plate 2, under the action of the screen plate 2, grains and impurities with similar volumes are led into the screen 7 through the discharge hole 26, then the compressed air flows towards the upper part of the screen 7 through the second air compressor and the compressed air, and when the compressed air flows, the impurities are driven to be separated from the grains (the principle of separating the grains from the impurities is that the density of stones is greater than that of the grains, under the condition of similar volumes, the mass of stones is greater than that of the grains), under the action of the second air compressor, the grains with lighter mass are in a suspension state, and then the suspended grains are collected under the action of the collecting device, so that the screening of the grains is completed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate the removal of light impurities in grains through the air outlet 5 during the air circulation process in the separation tank 1, a plurality of blocking rods 9 are disposed across the feeding gap 4, the length direction of the blocking rods 9 is perpendicular to the length direction of the feeding gap 4, and the blocking rods 9 are uniformly and alternately arranged in the feeding gap 4; under the effect of the blocking rod 9, grains entering the separation box 1 are divided, grains on two sides of the blocking rod 9 are separated, and air is convenient to pass through the grains through the air after the grains are separated, so that the grains entering the separation box 1 are conveniently and pneumatically screened, and the removal effect of light impurities is improved.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to prolong the separation time of grains in the separation box 1 and improve the screening effect of the grains, an opening and closing plate 10 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the separation box 1, the opening and closing plate 10 rotates to open and close the discharge hole 26, the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate 10 is parallel to the length direction of the feeding notch 4, a first motor 11 for driving the opening and closing plate 10 to rotate is arranged on the separation box 1, and the opening and closing plate 10 is coaxially arranged on the output shaft of the first motor 11; after grain gets into the separator 1 in, start first motor 11, first motor 11 drives to open and close board 10 and rotates and seal discharge gate 26, and the grain is located sieve 2 this moment, under the effect of flowing air, drives the grain and has the motion trend of leaving sieve 2, and then has prolonged the screening time of grain on sieve 2, and then has improved the screening effect of grain.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to facilitate the opening and closing plate 10 to roll onto screen 7 along opening and closing plate 10 after opening and closing plate 10, both sides of opening and closing plate 10 are provided with baffle plates 12, form the grain conveying channel between baffle plates 12 and opening and closing plate 10 on both sides, baffle plate 12 slides and sets up on opening and closing plate 10, the sliding direction of baffle plate 12 is perpendicular to the face of baffle plate 12, further, opening and closing plate 10 has channel 13 for baffle plate 12 to slide, baffle plate 12 slides and sets up on opening and closing plate 10 through channel 13, opening and closing plate 10 is provided with the elastic component, the elastic component is used for opening and closing plate 10 and separating with separating box 1, order to drive baffle plate 12 to slide out in order to form the conveying channel, the elastic component includes the spring 14 set up in baffle plate 12 bottom surface, one end of spring 14 is fixedly set up on baffle plate 12, another end is fixedly set up on baffle plate 12; the opening and closing plate 10 is driven by the first motor 11 to close the discharge hole 26, the baffle 12 is abutted against the side wall of the separation box 1, the baffle 12 is driven to move along the channel 13, and the spring 14 is in a compressed state; when the opening and closing plate 10 is opened to the discharge hole 26, the opening and closing plate 10 rotates in a direction away from the separation box 1, the baffle 12 is pulled to slide out from the bottom of the opening and closing plate 10 under the action of the spring 14, at the moment, a conveying channel is formed under the action of the baffle 12 and the opening and closing plate 10, and the possibility that grains fall from the opening and closing plate 10 in the grain conveying process is reduced.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to reduce the possibility of grains falling from the gap between the end of the baffle 12 and the separation tank 1, the width of the opening and closing plate 10 is greater than the width of the discharge port 26, and the centerlines of the opening and closing plate 10 and the discharge port 26 coincide; the width of the opening and closing plate 10 is larger than that of the discharge hole 26, the distance between the discharge hole 26 and the baffle 12 is increased, and then the difficulty of grains rolling to the end part of the baffle 12 is improved, so that the possibility of falling of the grains is reduced.
Referring to fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the collecting device includes a fourth pneumatic device 15 disposed on a side wall of the separation tank 1, the fourth pneumatic device 15 is configured to deliver compressed air to act on suspended grains and drive the grains to move in a direction away from the separation tank 1 and drop from the screen 7, the fourth pneumatic device 15 includes a second air pump disposed on the separation tank 1, an air outlet end of the second air pump is away from the separation tank 1, further, an air outlet end of the second air pump is located below the baffle 12, the collecting device further includes a collecting tank 16 disposed on one side of the screen 7, and grains removed from the screen 7 enter the collecting tank 16; grains and impurities rolling through the opening and closing plate 10 enter the screen 7, grains with smaller mass are in a suspension state under the action of the second air compressor, then under the action of the second air pump, air is driven to flow towards the direction of the collecting box 16, and the suspended grains are driven to move to the upper side of the collecting box 16 and fall into the collecting box 16 during air flow.
Referring to fig. 4, in order to reduce the possibility that suspended grains fall from both sides of the screen 7, both sides of the screen 7 are provided with risers 17, and the height of the risers 17 is greater than the grain suspension height; under the action of the vertical plate 17, the suspension range of the grains is limited, and the possibility that the grains fall off through the two sides of the screen 7 is reduced.
Referring to fig. 4 and 7, in order to facilitate grain in a suspended state under the drive of air, a scraper 18 is arranged between two risers 17, the scraper 18 is perpendicular to the screen 7, the scraper 18 is slidably arranged on the risers 17, the scraper 18 slides along the length direction parallel to the risers 17, a space for grain to pass through is reserved between the scraper 18 and the screen 7, a first driving piece for driving the scraper 18 to slide is arranged on the risers 17 so as to scrape grain on the screen 7, the first driving piece comprises a driving motor 19 arranged on the risers 17, a first lead screw 20 is coaxially arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor 19, the first lead screw 20 is a reciprocating lead screw, the scraper 18 is in threaded connection with the first lead screw 20, a slide bar is arranged on the riser 17 opposite to the first lead screw 20, and the scraper 18 is slidably sleeved on the slide bar. After grains and impurities roll onto the screen 7 through the opening and closing plate 10, the grains are accumulated on the screen 7, the driving motor 19 is started, the driving motor 19 drives the first screw rod 20 to rotate, the first screw rod 20 rotates to drive the scraping plate 18 to slide, and the scraping plate 18 slides to scrape the accumulated grains so that the grains are driven by air to be in a suspension state.
Referring to fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the pneumatic separation device further includes an impurity box 21, a screen 7 is disposed in the impurity box 21 and is located at an opening of the impurity box 21, a second air compressor is located in the impurity box 21, a center line of the screen 7 is rotationally disposed in the impurity box 21, a rotation axis of the screen 7 is parallel to a bottom wall of the impurity box 21, the impurity box 21 is provided with a second driving member for driving the screen 7 to rotate, the second driving member is a rotation motor 22, the rotation motor 22 is embedded in the impurity box 21, the screen 7 is coaxially disposed on an output shaft of the rotation motor 22, further, a thickness of a riser 17 is smaller than a thickness of the impurity box 21, a first screw 20 and the screen 7 are in a separated state, further, a length of the first screw 20 is longer than a length of the riser 17, and when the first screw 20 drives the scraper 18 to slide to a maximum stroke toward the separation box 1, the scraper 18 is attached to a side wall of the separation box 1, and further, a thickness of the scraper 18 is smaller than a thickness of the impurity box 21; when the impurity on the screen cloth 7 is more, the rotating motor 22 is started, the rotating motor 22 drives the screen cloth 7 to rotate, and the screen cloth 7 rotates to drive the impurity to fall into the impurity box 21.
Referring to fig. 2 and 8, in order to lower grains entering the separation box 1 to be piled up on the sieve plate 2, a batching box 23 is arranged on the sieve plate 2 positioned at the top, the top of the batching box 23 is communicated with the feeding notch 4 and is in a separation state, a moving-out notch 24 is formed in the position, close to the side wall of the discharging end of the sieve plate 2, of the batching box 23 and close to the sieve plate 2, and the width of the batching box 23 is smaller than the width of the sieve plate 2 and is positioned in the middle of the sieve plate 2; grain entering the separation box 1 through the feeding notch 4 enters the proportioning box 23, grain entering the proportioning box 23 moves to the sieve plate 2 through the removing notch 24, and under the action of the removing notch 24, grains can roll to the sieve plate 2 uniformly, so that the possibility of grain accumulation on the sieve plate 2 is reduced, and light impurities in the grains can be screened conveniently.
Referring to fig. 2 and 8, further, in order to facilitate grain in the batching box 23 to be removed through the removal notch 24, a distributing rod 25 is provided in the batching box 23, the distributing rod 25 is rotatably provided in the batching box 23, the length direction of the distributing rod 25 is parallel to the surface of the sieve plate 2, the rotation axis of the distributing rod 25 is perpendicular to the sieve plate 2 and parallel, the rotation axis of the distributing rod 25 is located in the removal notch 24, and a second motor for driving the distributing rod 25 to rotate to remove grain in the batching box 23 is provided on the sieve plate 2. After the grains enter the batching box 23, the second motor is started, the second motor drives the distributing rod 25 to rotate, and the distributing rod 25 rotates to drive the grains in the batching box 23 to move out, so that the operation is simple and convenient; meanwhile, the subsequent screening operation of grains is facilitated.
The implementation principle of the pneumatic separation device for the raw grains is as follows:
when grain is screened, the grain is poured into the separation box 1, then the air in and out of the separation box 1 is circulated through the first air compressor and the first air pump, the first air compressor introduces compressed air into the separation box 1 and flows from bottom to top along the separation box 1, meanwhile, the grain gradually moves downwards through the sieve holes on the sieve plate 2 according to the grain size, at the moment, the compressed air drives light impurities in the grain to move upwards, and the light impurities are driven to move out through the air outlet 5 under the action of the first air pump; after light impurities are separated from grains, the grains roll along the screen plate 2, grains with the grain diameter smaller than the diameter of the screen holes fall onto the next layer of screen plate 2, grains and impurities with similar volumes are guided onto the screen 7 through the discharge hole 26 under the action of the screen plate 2, then the grains and the impurities with the similar volumes pass through the second air compressor and compressed air and drive the compressed air to flow towards the upper part of the screen 7, and when the compressed air flows, the impurities are driven to be separated from the grains (the principle that the density of stones is greater than that of the grains, and the mass of stones is greater than that of the grains under the condition of similar volumes), and the grains with lighter masses are in a suspension state under the action of the second air compressor;
and then under the action of the second air pump, the air is driven to flow towards the direction of the collecting box 16, and the suspended grains are driven to move to the upper part of the collecting box 16 and fall into the collecting box 16 during the air flow, so that the screening operation of the grains is completed.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (10)
1. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain, characterized in that: including separator box (1), be provided with multilayer sieve (2) in separator box (1), sieve (2) all slope sets up in separator box (1), upper strata the discharge end of sieve (2) is located the top of lower floor's sieve plate (2) feed end, offer a plurality of sieve pores on sieve (2), be located the upper strata sieve diameter of sieve (2) is greater than the sieve diameter of lower floor's sieve plate (2), the bottom of separator box (1) is provided with first pneumatic means (3), first pneumatic means (3) are used for carrying compressed air through the sieve mesh to separator box (1) top, feed gap (4) have been seted up at the top of separator box (1) and are close to lateral wall department, feed gap (4) are rectangular shape, air outlet (5) have been seted up to the lateral wall that separator box (1) is close to feed gap (4), be provided with second pneumatic means (6) on separator box (1), second pneumatic means (6) are used for sucking the sieve diameter of separator box (1) through sieve pore (26) and are located sieve opening (7) on the discharge end (7) are located to the sieve diameter of separator box (1), the grain separating device is characterized in that a third pneumatic device (8) is arranged below the screen (7), the third pneumatic device (8) is used for blowing grains and separating from the screen (7), and the pneumatic separating device further comprises a collecting device which is used for collecting grains separated from the screen (7).
2. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding notch (4) is spanned, a plurality of blocking rods (9) are arranged, the length direction of each blocking rod (9) is perpendicular to the length direction of the feeding notch (4), and the blocking rods (9) are uniformly distributed in the feeding notch (4) at intervals.
3. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: the separating box is characterized in that an opening and closing plate (10) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the separating box (1), the opening and closing plate (10) rotates to open and close a discharge hole (26), the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate (10) is parallel to the length direction of the feeding notch (4), and a first motor (11) for driving the opening and closing plate (10) to rotate is arranged on the separating box (1).
4. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 3, characterized in that: the grain conveying device is characterized in that baffle plates (12) are arranged on two sides of the opening and closing plate (10), grain conveying channels are formed between the baffle plates (12) and the opening and closing plate (10), the baffle plates (12) are arranged on the opening and closing plate (10) in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the baffle plates (12) is perpendicular to the surface of the baffle plates (12), elastic pieces are arranged on the opening and closing plate (10), and when the elastic pieces are used for separating the opening and closing plate (10) from the separating box (1), the baffle plates (12) are driven to slide out to form the conveying channels.
5. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: the collecting device comprises a fourth pneumatic device (15) arranged on the side wall of the separating box (1), the fourth pneumatic device (15) is used for conveying compressed air to act on suspended grains and driving the grains to move along the direction deviating from the separating box (1) and drop from the screen (7), the collecting device further comprises a collecting box (16) arranged on one side of the screen (7), and grains moving out of the screen (7) enter the collecting box (16).
6. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a grain scraper, including screen cloth (7), riser (17) highly are greater than grain suspension height, two be provided with scraper blade (18) between riser (17), scraper blade (18) slip sets up on riser (17), scraper blade (18) are along being parallel to riser (17) length direction and slide, leave the space that supplies grain to pass through between scraper blade (18) and screen cloth (7), be provided with on riser (17) and be used for driving scraper blade (18) to slide to scrape the first driving piece of grain on screen cloth (7).
7. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic separation device further comprises an impurity box (21), the screen (7) is arranged in the impurity box (21) and is located at an opening of the impurity box (21), the third pneumatic device (8) is located in the impurity box (21), the center line of the screen (7) is rotationally arranged in the impurity box (21), the rotation axis of the screen (7) is parallel to the bottom wall of the impurity box (21), and the impurity box (21) is provided with a second driving piece for driving the screen (7) to rotate.
8. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 4, characterized in that: the width of the opening and closing plate (10) is larger than that of the discharge hole (26).
9. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: be located at the top be provided with batching box (23) on sieve (2), the top and the feeding breach (4) intercommunication of batching box (23), batching box (23) are close to the lateral wall of the discharge end of place sieve (2) and are close to sieve (2) department and have seted up and shift out breach (24), the width of batching box (23) is less than the width of sieve (2) and is located the middle part of sieve (2).
10. A pneumatic separation device for raw grain according to claim 9, characterized in that: be provided with branch material pole (25) in batching box (23), divide material pole (25) rotation to set up in batching box (23), the length direction of dividing material pole (25) is on a parallel with sieve (2) surface, the axis of rotation of dividing material pole (25) is perpendicular to sieve (2) parallel, the axis of rotation of dividing material pole (25) is located and shifts out breach (24), be provided with on sieve (2) and be used for driving branch material pole (25) rotation to shift out the second motor of batching box (23) grain.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410120494.0A CN117644035A (en) | 2024-01-29 | 2024-01-29 | Pneumatic separation device for raw grains |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410120494.0A CN117644035A (en) | 2024-01-29 | 2024-01-29 | Pneumatic separation device for raw grains |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202410120494.0A Pending CN117644035A (en) | 2024-01-29 | 2024-01-29 | Pneumatic separation device for raw grains |
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| JPH07265799A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-17 | Yamamoto Mfg Co Ltd | Grain selecting device |
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