CN117562190A - Feed additive for improving quality and egg laying performance of laying hen at later egg laying period - Google Patents
Feed additive for improving quality and egg laying performance of laying hen at later egg laying period Download PDFInfo
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- CN117562190A CN117562190A CN202410076644.2A CN202410076644A CN117562190A CN 117562190 A CN117562190 A CN 117562190A CN 202410076644 A CN202410076644 A CN 202410076644A CN 117562190 A CN117562190 A CN 117562190A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a feed additive for improving quality and egg laying performance of laying hens in later egg laying period, and belongs to the technical field of feed additives. On the basis of determining the effective composition, the invention researches the influence of different processing modes on the degradation of fiber on the cell wall of the Chinese medicinal material and intracellular active ingredients, and the influence on the egg laying performance, egg quality, serum biochemistry, immunity and antioxidation functions of the egg laying chicken in the later egg laying period and the development of reproductive organs and the expression quantity of hormone receptors. Based on the research conclusions, an anaerobic fermentation scheme based on compound traditional Chinese medicines, a compound microbial inoculum and compound enzymes is determined, and the obtained fermentation product is used as a feed additive to obviously improve the quality and the egg laying performance of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs. Simultaneously can regulate cholesterol metabolism, enhance immunity, improve the antioxidant function of liver and ovary, and promote follicular development; and the physiological functions of reproduction of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs are regulated and controlled by improving the level of luteinizing hormone and promoting the mRNA expression of related reproductive hormone receptors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a feed additive for improving quality and egg laying performance of laying hens in the later period of egg laying.
Background
In nature, the life cycle of poultry is generally about 6-7 years, and the longest life cycle can reach about 13 years, and most of laying hens in a large-scale field are eliminated after 1.5 years, and the most direct reason is that the input-output ratio is unbalanced due to double reduction of egg yield and egg quality. As can be seen from the currently known production performance curve of the sea-blue brown layer chicken, about 55 weeks is a key node, and the laying rate is rapidly reduced during the period.
The reduction of the later production performance of the laying hen is directly related to the acceleration of the aging speed of the reproductive system. Although natural aging of organisms is an irreversible objective rule, improving the later production performance of laying hens by changing a feeding method and nutritional conditions is a feasible intervention means.
The feed additive is a small amount or trace amount of substances added in the production, processing and using processes of the feed, and has little use amount but obvious effect in the feed. The feed additive is a raw material which is inevitably used in the modern feed industry, and has obvious effects on enhancing the nutrition value of basic feed, improving the production performance of animals, ensuring the health of animals, saving the feed cost, improving the quality of animal products and the like. At present, the feed additive for the laying hens has limited effect of improving the production performance of the feed additive, and is difficult to effectively delay the decline of the egg laying performance and the egg quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the feed additive for the laying hens has limited effect of improving the production performance of the feed additive, and is difficult to effectively delay the decline of the egg laying performance and the egg quality.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a feed additive for improving quality and egg laying performance of laying hen in later period of laying hen is prepared by fermenting fermentation substrate containing compound Chinese medicinal materials in the presence of compound bacteria and compound enzyme; the compound traditional Chinese medicine comprises astragalus, hawthorn, poria cocos, chinese angelica, motherwort, intelligence-improving and dandelion; the composite microbial inoculum comprises lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and aspergillus niger; the complex enzyme comprises phytase, cellulase, xylanase and pectinase.
Preferably, in the compound traditional Chinese medicine, the weight ratio of astragalus, hawthorn, poria cocos, angelica, motherwort, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae and dandelion is 4:4:2:4:3:2:6.
Preferably, in the compound traditional Chinese medicine, the respective mesh number of astragalus, hawthorn, poria cocos, angelica, motherwort, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae and dandelion is 40 meshes.
Preferably, in the composite microbial inoculum, the weight ratio of the aspergillus niger agent to the saccharomyces cerevisiae agent to the lactobacillus plantarum agent is 3:1:3; the number of viable bacteria in each gram of the aspergillus niger agent is 2 multiplied by 10 11 cfu, the number of viable bacteria in each gram of the saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum is 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu, the number of viable bacteria in each gram of lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 10 cfu。
Preferably, in the complex enzyme, the weight ratio of the pectase preparation to the xylanase preparation to the cellulase preparation to the phytase preparation is 3:2:1:3; the enzyme activity of the pectase in each gram of the pectase preparation is 30000U, the enzyme activity of the xylanase in each gram of the xylanase preparation is 30000U, the enzyme activity of the cellulase in each gram of the cellulase preparation is 10000U, and the enzyme activity of the phytase in each gram of the phytase preparation is 40000U.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the compound traditional Chinese medicine to the compound microbial inoculum to the compound enzyme is 18.18:0.31:0.31.
Preferably, the fermentation substrate further comprises corn, bran and soybean meal.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the compound traditional Chinese medicine to the corn to the bran to the bean pulp to the compound microbial inoculum to the compound enzyme is 18.18:20.36:12.73:8.48:0.31:0.31.
Preferably, the feed additive is prepared by the following method: pulverizing radix astragali, fructus crataegi, poria, radix Angelicae sinensis, herba Leonuri, fructus Alpinae Oxyphyllae and herba Taraxaci, and mixing to obtain compound Chinese medicine; pulverizing semen Maydis, testa Tritici, and bean cake, and mixing with the compound Chinese medicinal materials to obtain fermentation substrate; adding lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger and brown sugar into water, and standing to obtain an activated bacterial suspension; uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and the complex enzyme, inoculating an activated bacterial suspension, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention further provides the laying hen egg-laying period ration containing the feed additive.
The invention discloses a feed additive for improving quality and egg laying performance of laying hens in later egg laying period. On the basis of determining the effective composition, the technical scheme researches the degradation of the fiber of the cell wall of the Chinese medicine, the change of the content of intracellular active ingredients and the application of the Chinese medicine in the daily ration of the laying hen in the later period of laying. The traditional Chinese medicine cell wall structure cracking and the active ingredient release are compared through crushing, fermentation and enzymolysis fermentation processing treatment. Through a feeding test, the influence of three processed traditional Chinese medicines on the egg laying performance, egg quality, serum biochemistry, immunity and antioxidation functions of the laying hen in the later egg laying period and the development of reproductive organs and the expression quantity of hormone receptors is studied.
Based on the research conclusion, the invention determines an anaerobic fermentation scheme based on compound traditional Chinese medicines, a compound microbial inoculum and compound enzyme, and the obtained fermentation product is used as a feed additive, and has obvious improvement effect on the quality and egg laying performance of the laying hen in the later period of laying eggs. Simultaneously can regulate cholesterol metabolism, enhance immunity, improve the antioxidant function of liver and ovary, and promote follicular development; and the physiological functions of reproduction of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs are regulated and controlled by improving the level of luteinizing hormone and promoting the mRNA expression of related reproductive hormone receptors.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In order to avoid unnecessary detail, well-known structures or functions will not be described in detail in the following embodiments. Approximating language, as used in the following examples, may be applied to create a quantitative representation that could permissibly vary without resulting in a change in the basic function. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
1. Test design and traditional Chinese medicine formula
1. Traditional Chinese medicine and formula
Seven traditional Chinese medicines of astragalus, hawthorn, tuckahoe, angelica, motherwort, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae and dandelion are crushed and then sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, and the crushed compound traditional Chinese medicines are prepared by compatibility according to the proportion of 4:4:2:4:3:2:6.
Fermentation composite beneficial bacteria
The lactobacillus plantarum, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the aspergillus niger are combined to form the composite probiotics. Lactobacillus plantarum (L.) KummerLactobacillus plantarum) Saccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiae) And Aspergillus nigerAspergillus niger) Three strains, the number of the viable bacteria contained in the strains is 1×10 respectively 10 cfu/g、2×10 10 cfu/g and 2X 10 11 cfu/g。
Determining the compatibility proportion of the fermentation composite beneficial bacteria: through an orthogonal test, the optimal compatibility ratio of the aspergillus niger, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the lactobacillus plantarum inoculated in the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine is determined by taking the total flavone content of the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine as an indication.
The compatibility proportion of the compound bacteria in the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine is optimized: by L 9 （3 3 ) The method comprises the steps of designing 9 proportion combinations for lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and aspergillus niger in the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine, and screening the optimal bacterium compatibility proportion, wherein the optimal bacterium compatibility proportion is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 composite bacterial proportional optimization orthogonal design
Complex enzyme
The phytase, the cellulase, the xylanase and the pectase are combined into the complex enzyme. The cellulase, xylanase, pectinase and phytase activities were 10000U/g, 30000U/g, 30000U/g and 40000U/g, respectively.
The compound beneficial bacteria with the optimal compatibility ratio obtained by screening are used for fermenting the compound traditional Chinese medicine, and the optimal compatibility ratio of pectase, xylanase, cellulase and phytase in the enzymolysis fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine is determined.
The compatibility proportion of the compound enzyme in the enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine is optimized: the optimal proportion of lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and aspergillus niger in the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine is taken as the fermentation compound bacteria, and L is adopted 9 （3 4 ) The combination of the four enzymes of cellulase, xylanase, pectase and phytase in the enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine is designed into 9 proportions for orthogonal test, and the optimal enzyme compatibility proportion is screened out, and is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Complex enzyme proportional optimization orthogonal design
4. Test design and grouping
The tests were divided into 5 groups. Feeding basic diet to a control group; the test components are as follows: the crushed traditional Chinese medicine group, the fermented feed group, the fermented traditional Chinese medicine group and the enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group are respectively fed with test diet containing 2% crushed compound traditional Chinese medicine, 2% fermented feed, 2% fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine and 2% enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine.
2. Fermentation and enzymolysis of compound traditional Chinese medicine
Pulverizing semen Maydis, testa Tritici and bean cake, sieving with 40 mesh sieve, mixing with compound Chinese medicinal materials, and making into fermentation substrate. Lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger and brown sugar are added into warm water at 40 ℃ for standing for 30 min, and activated to prepare bacterial suspension. Inoculating the activated bacteria suspension into a fermentation substrate, uniformly mixing, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 37 ℃ for 7 d to prepare the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine. Uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and the compound enzyme, inoculating an activated bacterial suspension, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 37 ℃ for 7 d to prepare the enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine. See table 3.
Table 3 fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine and enzymolysis fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine composition and content
3. Index measurement
1. Determination of total flavonoids: and (5) preparing a rutin standard curve. Absorbance was measured at wavelength 510 and nm using a full wavelength microplate reader. And (5) converting to obtain the total flavone content.
2. Crude polysaccharide assay: the measurement is carried out by a full-wavelength enzyme-labeled instrument.
3. Total saponins assay: the measurement is carried out by a full-wavelength enzyme-labeled instrument.
4. NDF, ADF assay: and (5) measuring by using a fiber analyzer.
5. Measuring egg laying performance of the laying hens: various indexes.
6. Egg quality determination: haar units, etc.
7. Serum biochemical index: the serum was assayed for Total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), total Cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) using a fully automated biochemical analyzer.
8. Serum immunoglobulin: including serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) content.
9. Oxidation resistance index: and respectively measuring the index contents of the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the like of the livers and ovaries of the laying hens.
10. Reproductive organs: evaluation of the ovaries, oviducts and dominant follicles of the laying hens.
11. Serum reproductive hormone: serum estrogen (E2), follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels were measured.
12. Ovarian germ hormone receptor mRNA expression level: comprising Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR), luteinizing Hormone Receptor (LHR), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR 1), estrogen receptor 2 (ESR 2) and beta-actinβ-actin）。
4. Daily ration for laying hen in egg producing period
450 healthy sea-blue brown laying hens of 55 weeks of age were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups, namely a control group (C), a crushed traditional Chinese medicine group (FSM), a fermented feed group (FJS), a fermented traditional Chinese medicine group (FJM) and an enzymolysis fermented traditional Chinese medicine group (MJM), 3 replicates of each group, and 30 replicates of each group. The control group is fed with basic diet, and the crushed traditional Chinese medicine group, the fermented feed group, the fermented traditional Chinese medicine group and the enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group are respectively fed with test group diet containing 2% crushed compound traditional Chinese medicine, 2% fermented feed, 2% fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine and 2% enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine. The diet formula and the nutrition level are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 daily ration formula and nutrient level of layer (based on air-dried basis)
Xuetable 4 laying hen daily ration formula and nutrition level (based on air-dried basis)
5. Test results
1. Optimization of compatibility proportion of enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine compound bacteria and compound enzyme
Through an orthogonal test, the optimal compatibility ratio of the aspergillus niger, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the lactobacillus plantarum inoculated in the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine is determined to be 3:1:3 by taking the total flavone content as an indication.
The optimal compatibility ratio of pectase, xylanase, cellulase and phytase in the enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine is determined to be 3:2:1:3 by adopting the compound bacteria fermentation with the optimal compatibility ratio.
2. Three processing modes affect the degradation of the Chinese medicinal cellulose and the release of the active ingredient
From Table 5, the improvement of fiber degradation and active ingredient release by the enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine is most obvious. Compared with the crushed compound traditional Chinese medicine, the acid washing fiber content of the fermented compound traditional Chinese medicine is obviously reduced by 8.99 percent (P < 0.05), and the crude protein, total flavone and total saponin contents are obviously improved by 13.23 percent, 40.41 percent and 14.75 percent (P < 0.05) respectively; the contents of neutral washing fiber and acidic washing fiber in the enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine are respectively and obviously reduced by 10.39% and 12.70% (P < 0.05), and the contents of crude protein, total flavone and total saponin are respectively and obviously improved by 12.74%, 93.78% and 42.62% (P < 0.05).
TABLE 5 cell wall fiber and intracellular active ingredient content of Chinese medicinal materials with different processing modes
Note that: the same letter indicates that the difference is not obviousP>0.05 Obvious difference between different lettersP<0.05）。
3. Influence of enzymolysis fermentation traditional Chinese medicine on egg laying performance and egg quality of laying hens in later egg laying period
From tables 6 and 7, the enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group has the most remarkable improvement on the egg laying performance and the egg quality of the laying hens in the later egg laying period. Compared with a control group, the average laying rate of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine group laying hens is obviously improved by 3.99 percent (P is less than 0.05) after the test for 1 to 4 weeks; the average laying rate and eggshell thickness of the enzymolysis fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group laying hens are obviously improved by 5.59 percent and 2.63 percent (P < 0.05), and the feed-egg ratio is obviously reduced by 8.53 percent (P < 0.05).
Compared with a control group, the average daily feed intake of the crushed traditional Chinese medicine group and the fermented feed group laying hens is obviously improved by 2.37 percent and 2.56 percent (P < 0.05) after 5 to 8 weeks of the test, and the average daily feed intake of the crushed traditional Chinese medicine group and the fermented feed group laying hens is obviously reduced by 13.48 percent and 11.71 percent (P < 0.05); the average laying rate, average daily feed intake, protein height, yolk color and eggshell thickness of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine group laying hens are obviously improved by 5.38%, 3.47%, 2.08%, 3.26% and 3.86% (P < 0.05), and the feed-egg ratio and the spot eggshell egg rate are obviously reduced by 10.62% and 14.74% (P < 0.05); the average laying rate, average daily feed intake, hastelloy unit, egg white height, yolk color, eggshell thickness and eggshell strength of the enzymolysis fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group laying hen are respectively and obviously improved by 8.80%, 4.68%, 4.81%, 2.88%, 4.71%, 7.16% and 8.15% (P < 0.05), and the feed egg ratio and the spot eggshell egg rate are obviously reduced by 12.09% and 24.03% (P < 0.05).
Compared with a control group, the average laying rate, the egg white height, the yolk color and the eggshell thickness of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine group laying hen are obviously improved by 4.69%, 1.11%, 1.61% and 2.77% (P < 0.05) respectively, and the feed-egg ratio is obviously reduced by 8.68% (P < 0.05) after the test is carried out for 1-8 weeks; the average laying rate, hastelloy unit, protein height, yolk color, eggshell thickness and eggshell strength of the enzymolysis fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group laying hen are respectively and obviously improved by 7.18%, 3.78%, 1.59%, 2.86%, 4.85% and 3.12% (P < 0.05), and the egg yield is obviously reduced by 10.19% and 13.81% compared with the spot eggshell egg yield (P < 0.05).
TABLE 6 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine on egg laying performance of laying hens in later egg laying period
TABLE 7 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine on egg quality of laying hens in later egg laying period
4. Influence of enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine on immunity, antioxidation and serum biochemistry of laying hens in later egg laying period
From tables 8-11, the enzyme-fermented traditional Chinese medicine group has the most remarkable improvement on immunity, antioxidation and serum biochemistry of the laying hens in the later egg laying period. Compared with the control group, the total serum cholesterol (TC) and hepatic Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of the fermented feed group laying hens are obviously reduced by 9.51 percent and 18.68 percent (P < 0.05); the content of MDA in the liver of the crushed traditional Chinese medicine group laying hens is obviously reduced by 26.37 percent (P < 0.05), and the content of liver Catalase (CAT) is obviously improved by 11.46 percent (P < 0.05); the contents of serum TC, liver MDA and ovary MDA of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine group laying hen are obviously reduced by 19.39%, 31.87% and 23.68% (P < 0.05), and the contents of serum Globulin (GLB) and Total Protein (TP), liver CAT and superoxide dismutase (SOD), ovary glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) are obviously improved by 6.90% and 4.72%, 21.04% and 5.57%, 6.64% and 27.66% (P < 0.05), respectively; the contents of serum TC, liver MDA and ovary MDA in the enzymolysis fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group are obviously reduced by 30.80%, 49.45% and 47.22% (P < 0.05), the contents of serum GLB, ALB, TP, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) are obviously improved by 8.26%, 25.51%, 7.25%, 2.51% and 2.11% (P < 0.05), the contents of liver CAT, SOD and T-AOC are obviously improved by 32.55%, 6.44% and 7.35% (P < 0.05), and the contents of ovary GSH-PX and T-AOC are obviously improved by 14.13% and 36.17% (P < 0.05).
TABLE 8 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine on serum biochemical index in later egg laying period of laying hen
TABLE 9 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation of Chinese traditional medicine on immunity function of laying hen in later period of laying
TABLE 10 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation of Chinese medicine on antioxidant function of liver of laying hen in later egg laying period
TABLE 11 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine on oxidation resistance of ovaries of laying hens in later egg laying period
5. Influence of enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine on expression quantity of reproductive organs and hormone receptors in later egg laying period of laying hens
From tables 12-14, the enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine group improves the index of the reproductive organs, the reproductive hormones and the reproductive hormone receptors of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs most remarkably. Compared with a control group, the expression level of the mRNA of the ovarian Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) and the Luteinizing Hormone Receptor (LHR) of the crushed traditional Chinese medicine layer chicken is obviously improved by 39.00 percent and 46.00 percent (P < 0.05); the expression quantity of the FSHR mRNA and the LHR mRNA of the fermented feed group layer chicken are obviously improved by 43.00 percent and 36.00 percent respectively (P is less than 0.05); the dominant follicle weight of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine group laying hen is obviously improved by 4.19 percent (P < 0.05), and the expression level of the mRNA of the ovary FSHR, LHR, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR 1) and estrogen receptor 2 (ESR 2) is obviously improved by 60.00 percent, 97.00 percent, 25.00 percent and 43.00 percent respectively (P < 0.05); the number of dominant follicles and the weight of dominant follicles of the enzymolysis and fermentation traditional Chinese medicine laying hens are obviously improved by 14.64% and 8.02% (P < 0.05), the content of serum Lutein (LH) is obviously improved by 17.20% (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression amounts of ovaries FSHR, LHR, ESR1 and ESR2 are obviously improved by 98.00%, 168.00%, 75.00% and 49.00% (P < 0.05).
TABLE 12 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation of Chinese herbs on development of reproductive organs and follicles in later egg laying period of laying hens
TABLE 13 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation of Chinese traditional medicine on serum genital hormone level of laying hen in later period of laying
TABLE 14 influence of enzymolysis and fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine on expression level of ovarian hormone receptor mRNA in later egg laying period of laying hen
6. Conclusion(s)
1. Optimizing to obtain the optimal parameter conditions of the enzymolysis and fermentation of the traditional Chinese medicine.
2. After the traditional Chinese medicine is subjected to enzymolysis and fermentation synergistic treatment, cell wall cracking is more complete, and the release of intracellular active ingredients is increased.
3. The enzymolysis and fermentation compound traditional Chinese medicine can obviously improve egg laying performance and egg quality of laying hens in the later period of egg laying, regulate cholesterol metabolism, enhance immune function, improve oxidation resistance of livers and ovaries and promote follicular development; and the physiological functions of reproduction of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs are regulated and controlled by improving the level of luteinizing hormone and promoting the mRNA expression of related reproductive hormone receptors.
The foregoing describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A feed additive for improving the quality and egg laying performance of laying hens in the later period of egg laying is characterized in that the feed additive is a fermentation product obtained by fermenting a fermentation substrate containing compound traditional Chinese medicines in the presence of a compound microbial inoculum and compound enzyme; the compound traditional Chinese medicine comprises astragalus, hawthorn, poria cocos, chinese angelica, motherwort, intelligence-improving and dandelion; the composite microbial inoculum comprises lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and aspergillus niger; the complex enzyme comprises phytase, cellulase, xylanase and pectinase;
in the compound traditional Chinese medicine, the weight ratio of astragalus, hawthorn, poria cocos, angelica, motherwort, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae and dandelion is 4:4:2:4:3:2:6;
in the composite microbial inoculum, the weight ratio of the aspergillus niger microbial inoculum to the saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum to the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum is 3:1:3; the number of viable bacteria in each gram of the aspergillus niger agent is 2 multiplied by 10 11 cfu, the number of viable bacteria in each gram of the saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum is 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu, the number of viable bacteria in each gram of lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 10 cfu；
In the complex enzyme, the weight ratio of the pectase preparation to the xylanase preparation to the cellulase preparation to the phytase preparation is 3:2:1:3; the enzyme activity of pectase in each gram of the pectase preparation is 30000U, the enzyme activity of xylanase in each gram of the xylanase preparation is 30000U, the enzyme activity of cellulase in each gram of the cellulase preparation is 10000U, and the enzyme activity of phytase in each gram of the phytase preparation is 40000U;
the weight ratio of the compound traditional Chinese medicine to the compound microbial inoculum to the compound enzyme is 18.18:0.31:0.31.
2. The feed additive for improving the quality and the egg laying performance of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs according to claim 1, wherein the respective mesh numbers of astragalus membranaceus, hawthorn, poria cocos, angelica sinensis, motherwort, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae and dandelion in the compound traditional Chinese medicine are 40 meshes.
3. The feed additive for improving the quality and the egg laying performance of later-period laying hens according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation substrate further comprises corn, bran and bean pulp.
4. The feed additive for improving the quality and the egg laying performance of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs, according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the compound traditional Chinese medicine to the corn to the bran to the bean pulp to the compound microbial inoculum to the compound enzyme is 18.18:20.36:12.73:8.48:0.31:0.31.
5. The feed additive for improving the quality and the egg laying performance of later-period laying hens according to claim 1, wherein the feed additive is prepared by the following method: pulverizing radix astragali, fructus crataegi, poria, radix Angelicae sinensis, herba Leonuri, fructus Alpinae Oxyphyllae and herba Taraxaci, and mixing to obtain compound Chinese medicine; pulverizing semen Maydis, testa Tritici, and bean cake, and mixing with the compound Chinese medicinal materials to obtain fermentation substrate; adding lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger and brown sugar into water, and standing to obtain an activated bacterial suspension; uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and the complex enzyme, inoculating an activated bacterial suspension, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation.
6. A diet for laying hens comprising the feed additive of claim 1.
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| AU2020101970A4 (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-10-01 | Chengdu Fenglan Technology Co.,Ltd. | Biological feed for improving laying performance and egg quality of laying hen at later laying stage and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20240220 |