CN117529996A - Sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine - Google Patents

Sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117529996A
CN117529996A CN202311564632.6A CN202311564632A CN117529996A CN 117529996 A CN117529996 A CN 117529996A CN 202311564632 A CN202311564632 A CN 202311564632A CN 117529996 A CN117529996 A CN 117529996A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
crushing
sugarcane
stubble
leaf
stubble leveling
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Pending
Application number
CN202311564632.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张彪
沈卫民
高程
陈保善
谭紫丹
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Guangxi University
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Guangxi University
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Priority to CN202311564632.6A priority Critical patent/CN117529996A/en
Publication of CN117529996A publication Critical patent/CN117529996A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B43/00—Gatherers for removing stones, undesirable roots or the like from the soil, e.g. tractor-drawn rakes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B51/00—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus
    • A01B51/04—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus drawn by animal or tractor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B59/00—Devices specially adapted for connection between animals or tractors and agricultural machines or implements
    • A01B59/04—Devices specially adapted for connection between animals or tractors and agricultural machines or implements for machines pulled or pushed by a tractor
    • A01B59/042—Devices specially adapted for connection between animals or tractors and agricultural machines or implements for machines pulled or pushed by a tractor having pulling means arranged on the rear part of the tractor
    • A01B59/043—Devices specially adapted for connection between animals or tractors and agricultural machines or implements for machines pulled or pushed by a tractor having pulling means arranged on the rear part of the tractor supported at three points, e.g. by quick-release couplings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/12—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D67/00—Undercarriages or frames specially adapted for harvesters or mowers; Mechanisms for adjusting the frame; Platforms

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine, which comprises a leaf crushing device and a stubble leveling device, wherein the leaf crushing device is connected with the stubble leveling device through a traction arm and is used for crushing sugarcane leaves in a sugarcane field; the stubble leveling device comprises: the stubble leveling machine frame is connected with the leaf crushing device; a profiling land wheel mechanism; the disc cutting mechanisms are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the profiling land wheel mechanisms; and a supporting frame. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine is suitable for the integrated operation of leaf crushing and stubble leveling in hilly sugarcane areas, and is particularly suitable for crushing a large amount of sugarcane leaves accumulated at the bottom of a ditch, returning to the field and cutting sugarcane stubble on the top of a undulating ridge. The device has the advantages of strong profiling adaptability to sugarcane ditch-ridge cultivation topography, better crushing quality and stumping quality, high-efficiency integrated miniaturization, light weight, high reliability and the like, and can improve the operation efficiency by jointly implementing various perennial root sugarcane field management agronomy and reduce the labor cost.

Description

Sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting machinery, in particular to a sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine.
Background
Sugarcane is perennial root crop of ridge culture, namely, after the last year sugarcane is harvested, the sugarcane stumps left in the ridge soil sprout and grow into soil under proper environmental conditions, and then sugarcane plants grow, and the sugarcane plants are managed to be planted in place for one time and can be harvested continuously for 3-5 years. After the sugarcane is harvested by the sugarcane harvester in the season, a large amount of sugarcane leaves stripped by the harvester remain in the sugarcane field to cover the ground surface, and wind blows to be mainly accumulated in the low-lying ditch. If long sugarcane leaves are left to decay on the ground, the subsequent field management such as winding rotary tillage machines in soil preparation can be influenced, and the germination and the growth of aftercrop crops can be influenced; if the sugarcane leaves are burned in situ and returned to the field, the problems of air pollution, fire hazard and the like can be caused. The crushed sugarcane leaves are mixed with soil and returned to the field, and various organic matters such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the sugarcane leaves can be reused to enhance the soil fertility. However, the common returning machine cannot adapt to the ditch-ridge topography under the wide row spacing of the sugarcane at present, if the depth of the entering soil is too large, the load of the machine is increased, the perennial root sugarcane stumps buried in the ridge are damaged, and most sugarcane leaves in the ditch cannot be treated when the machine is flush with the rotary broken leaves at the top of the ridge.
In addition, in the field management of the perennial root sugarcane, the stubble leveling technology is used for cutting off the too high perennial root sugarcane stumps, so that the growth of new roots can be promoted, the seedling strengthening is facilitated, and the sugarcane yield is remarkably improved. However, due to fluctuation of the height of the ridge, the existing fixed stubble leveling cutting mechanism cannot well maintain the stubble remaining height, the stubble may be cut into the ridge when the ridge is raised, and the stubble leveling quality cannot be ensured when the ridge is recessed. Therefore, the ground stubble cutting device which is suitable for the change of the field topography is designed, and the stubble height is favorable for forming a standard stubble height.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine, so that the defects that sugarcane roots are damaged easily due to uneven stubble leveling of sugarcane, low working efficiency and the like are overcome.
The invention further aims to provide the sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine which can crush sugarcane leaves and has a good crushing effect.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine, which comprises a leaf crushing device and a stubble leveling device, wherein the leaf crushing device is connected with the stubble leveling device through a traction arm and is used for crushing sugarcane leaves in a sugarcane field; the stubble leveling device comprises: the stubble leveling machine frame is connected with the leaf crushing device, and a land wheel is arranged at the lower end of the stubble leveling machine frame; the profiling ground wheel mechanism comprises a guide cylinder, a profiling ground wheel frame and a profiling ground wheel, wherein the guide cylinder is connected with the stubble leveling frame, a first spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, a vertical guide groove is arranged on the side wall of the guide cylinder, the profiling ground wheel frame is arranged in the guide cylinder, the lower end of the profiling ground wheel frame extends out of the guide cylinder downwards, the first spring is sleeved on the profiling ground wheel frame, and the profiling ground wheel is arranged at the lower end of the profiling ground wheel frame; the disc cutting mechanism is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the profiling land wheel mechanism and is positioned behind the profiling land wheel mechanism, the disc cutting mechanism comprises a hollow shaft, a spline shaft and a cutter disc, the hollow shaft is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame, the upper part of the hollow shaft is connected with a driving device so as to drive the hollow shaft to rotate, the lower part of the hollow shaft is in spline connection with the upper part of the spline shaft, the lower end of the spline shaft is connected with the cutter disc, and a cutter is arranged on the lower surface of the cutter disc; the other end of the support frame is sleeved on the spline shaft and connected with the spline shaft, a second spring is sleeved on the spline shaft, the upper end of the second spring is connected with a limiting table, and the lower end of the second spring is connected with the support frame; the profiling land wheel moves up and down to fluctuate, the first spring is compressed, and the spline shaft is driven to move up and down through the supporting frame.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the disc cutting mechanism is a double disc cutting mechanism, and the double disc cutting mechanism is provided with two cutterheads, and rotation of the two cutterheads is counter rotation.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, 2 or more than 2 disc cutting mechanisms can realize synchronous stubble leveling operation of 2 rows of ridges and more.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the leaf crushing device includes: the broken leaf rack is connected with the tractor through a suspension device; the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing cutter roller and a plurality of Y-shaped flail knives, wherein the crushing cutter roller is arranged on the leaf crushing rack and is connected with the driving device so as to drive the crushing cutter roller to rotate, and the Y-shaped flail knives are distributed on the outer surface of the crushing cutter roller; and the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the broken leaf rack and is positioned at the rear of the crushing mechanism, the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism comprises a positioning guide rail, a plurality of clamping sliding blocks and a plurality of spring teeth, the positioning guide rail is arranged on the broken leaf rack, the clamping sliding blocks are detachably arranged on the positioning guide rail, the spring teeth are arranged on the clamping sliding blocks in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the height of the spring teeth can be adjusted, the lower ends of the spring teeth extend to the ground, and the lower ends of the spring teeth are curved and form leaf hooking parts.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the lengths of the Y-shaped flail knives are different, the lengths of the flail knives are gradient growth, and the distribution of the Y-shaped flail knives on the crushing knife roller is double helix arrangement.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the radial tangential plane of the crushing knife roller is provided with a single group of Y-shaped flail knives, the included angle between the adjacent Y-shaped flail knives along the spiral line is 60-80 degrees, and the axial distance is 60-90mm.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the front side and the rear side of the leaf crushing frame are provided with baffles, the crushing mechanism is disposed in the baffles, and the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism is disposed on the baffles at the rear side.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanisms is 2 or more.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the spring teeth is 3 or more than 3.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the driving device includes: the transmission case is connected with a power output mechanism of the tractor; the belt transmission mechanism comprises a main belt pulley, a secondary belt pulley and a transmission belt, wherein the main belt pulley is arranged on a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected with the transmission box, the main belt pulley is connected with the secondary belt pulley through the transmission belt, and the secondary belt pulley is arranged at the input end of the crushing cutter roller so as to drive the crushing cutter roller to rotate; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism comprises a main synchronous belt pulley, a secondary synchronous belt pulley and a synchronous belt, wherein the main synchronous belt pulley is arranged at the output end of the crushing knife roller and is connected with the secondary synchronous belt pulley through the synchronous belt, the secondary synchronous belt pulley is arranged on a stubble-leveling input shaft, and the stubble-leveling input shaft is arranged on the stubble-leveling frame; and the reduction gearbox is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame, is connected with the stubble leveling output shaft, and is connected with the hollow shaft so as to drive the cutter head to rotate.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the disc cutting mechanism is a double disc cutting mechanism, and is further provided with a gear set, the gear set includes a driving gear and a driven gear meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear is disposed on a hollow shaft of one disc cutting mechanism, and the driven gear is disposed on a hollow shaft of the other disc cutting mechanism; the driving gear and the driven gear are in meshed transmission with each other to drive the cutterhead to reversely rotate.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the disc cutting mechanism is a plurality of, and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the reduction gearbox, and the reduction gearboxes are connected through three sections of shafts and couplings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine is suitable for the integrated operation of leaf crushing and stubble leveling in hilly sugarcane areas, and is particularly suitable for crushing a large amount of sugarcane leaves accumulated at the bottom of a ditch, returning to the field and cutting sugarcane stubble on the top of a undulating ridge. The device has the advantages of strong profiling adaptability to sugarcane ditch-ridge cultivation topography, better crushing quality and stumping quality, high-efficiency integrated miniaturization, light weight, high reliability and the like, and can improve the operation efficiency by jointly implementing various perennial root sugarcane field management agronomy and reduce the labor cost. The use and operation are more convenient, the working efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.
(2) According to the sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine, the working range of one-time stubble leveling is enlarged by arranging the plurality of groups of double-disc cutting knife groups, stubble leveling can be supported on multiple sugarcane rows in the running process, and the working efficiency is improved. The undulating height of the cutter groups for grounding is 130mm, and each cutter group is independently used for stumping stubble, so that the cutter groups can be better adapted to the ground of a sugarcane area, and the stubble stumping quality is improved. Compared with the existing stubble leveling machine, the stubble leveling machine has the advantages that stubble leveling can be carried out on the ground, damage to the sugarcane basket caused by fluctuation of the terrain is avoided, the stubble leveling effect is good, and the secondary growth of sugarcane is facilitated.
(3) The invention relates to a sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine, wherein one-time leaf breaking has a wide operation area of one ridge and two furrows. The double-screw unequal-length arrangement movable knife and the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism are adopted to assist in crushing and returning sugarcane leaves in ditch and ridge terrains. The designed trench bottom leaf-collecting spring tooth group can realize that the spring tooth ground clearance height and the transverse hook leaf position are adjustable. The bottom of the spring tooth is designed into a circular arc shape, so that the spring tooth enters a ditch to pick up stacked or tightly adhered sugarcane She Gou at the bottom of the ditch and push the feed into the machine. The crushing operation of the sugarcane leaves accumulated at the bottom of the ditch is increased, the crushing of the sugarcane leaves is more thorough, the effect of returning the crushed leaves to the field is better, and the growth of the sugarcane is promoted.
(4) The invention relates to a sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine, which combines the operations of breaking She Heping stubbles together, shortens the working time, reduces the labor cost, has better leaf breaking and stubble leveling effects and achieves the effect of twice the effort.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic general structural view of a sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of a sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the connection of the profiling land wheel mechanism, the disc cutting mechanism and the stubble leveling frame in the sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the connection of the profiling land wheel mechanism and the disc cutting mechanism in the sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of Y-shaped flail knives of the sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine on a crushing knife roller according to the invention.
In FIG. 7, the length of the Y-shaped flail knife is 15cm, the length of the Y-shaped flail knife is 16.5cm, the length of the C-shaped flail knife is 18cm, the length of the D-shaped flail knife is 19.5cm, and the length of the E-shaped flail knife is 21cm.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
the device comprises a 1-leaf crushing device, a 11-crushing frame, a 111-front baffle, a 112-rear baffle, a 113-left side plate, a 114-right side plate, a 115-bearing end cover, a 116-bearing end cover and a 117-three-point suspension device; 12-crushing mechanism, 121-crushing knife roller, 122-Y-shaped flail knife, 123-blade shaft, 124-cotter pin, 13-hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism, 131-positioning guide rail, 132-clamping slide block, 133-spring tooth and 134-clamping cover block;
2-stubble leveling device, 21-stubble leveling frame, 22-profiling land wheel mechanism, 221-guide cylinder, 222-profiling land wheel frame, 223-profiling land wheel, 224-first spring, 225-limit cover, 226-guide groove, 227-convex part, 23-disc cutting mechanism, 231-hollow shaft, 232-spline shaft, 233-cutter head, 234-stubble leveling knife, 235-coupling, 236-limit table, 237-second spring, 24-support frame, 241-connecting rod, land wheel 25;
3-a trailing arm;
4-driving device, 41-transmission case, 411-transmission shaft, 42-belt transmission mechanism, 421-main belt pulley, 422-auxiliary belt pulley, 423-transmission belt, 424-compression wheel, 43-synchronous belt transmission mechanism, 431-main synchronous belt pulley, 432-auxiliary synchronous belt pulley, 433-synchronous belt, 44-reduction case, 441-output shaft, 45-stubble leveling input shaft, 451-three-section shaft, 452-coupling, 46-gear set, 461-driving gear, 462-driven gear.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a leaf crushing device 1 and a stubble leveling device 2, wherein the leaf crushing device 1 is connected with the stubble leveling device 2 through a traction arm 3, the leaf crushing device 1 is used for crushing sugarcane leaves in a sugarcane field, the stubble leveling device 2 is used for stubble leveling sugarcane stumps, and the stubble leveling device is beneficial to regrowing sugarcane. In the embodiment, the leaf crushing device 1 is connected with a tractor, the leaf crushing device 1 is connected with a stubble leveling device 2 through a traction arm 2, and the tractor provides power to traction the leaf crushing device and the stubble leveling device to perform leaf crushing and stubble leveling operations in a sugarcane field.
The specific mechanism is as follows: the leaf crushing device 1 is connected with the stubble leveling device 2 through a traction arm 3, the leaf crushing device 1 is used for crushing sugarcane leaves in a sugarcane field, and the stubble leveling device 2 is used for leveling sugarcane stumps. The stubble leveling device 2 comprises a stubble leveling frame 21, a profiling land wheel mechanism 22, a disc cutting mechanism 23 and a supporting frame 24. The front end of the stubble leveling machine frame 21 is connected with the middle part of the rear side of the leaf crushing device 1 through a traction arm 3, two land wheels 25 are arranged at the lower end of the stubble leveling machine frame 21, and the land wheels 25 are used for supporting the stubble leveling machine frame 21 to walk in a sugarcane field. The profiling land wheel mechanism 22 is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame 21, and the profiling land wheel mechanism 22 comprises a guide cylinder 221, a profiling land wheel frame 222 and a profiling land wheel 223. The guide cylinder 221 is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame 21 and is positioned at the front end of the stubble leveling machine frame 21, the guide cylinder 221 is of a hollow structure, a first spring 224 is arranged in the guide cylinder 221, and a limit cover 225 is arranged at the upper end of the first spring 224. The guide cylinder 221 is provided with a guide groove 226 in its vertical direction toward the side wall of the stubble leveling machine frame 21 side. The profiling ground wheel frame 222 is arranged in the guide cylinder 221, the profiling ground wheel frame 222 is of a T-shaped structure, a convex part 227 in the middle extends out of a groove 226 of the guide cylinder 221, and the convex part is of a hollow structure. The first spring 224 is sleeved on the profiling ground wheel frame 222, and the lower end is clamped at the protruding part 227 of the profiling ground wheel frame. The lower end of the contoured wheel frame 222 is connected to a contoured wheel 223.
The disc cutting mechanism 23 and the profiling land wheel mechanism 22 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are positioned behind the profiling land wheel mechanism 22. In order to improve the working efficiency, a plurality of disc cutting mechanisms 23, namely, 2 or more disc cutting mechanisms, may be provided as needed, so that the synchronous operation of 2 rows of ridges and more can be realized. In this embodiment, 3 disc cutting mechanisms are provided. So as to enlarge the working range of one-time stubble leveling, ensure that the machine has the capability of supporting stubble leveling for multiple sugarcane rows in the advancing process, and improve the working efficiency. Preferably, the disc cutting mechanism is a double disc cutting mechanism, the double disc cutting mechanism is provided with two cutterheads, and the rotation of the two cutterheads is reverse rotation. The double-circle cutting mechanism adopts two cutterheads, so that the working area can be increased, and the working efficiency is improved.
The disc cutting mechanism 23 includes a hollow shaft 231, a spline shaft 232, a cutter disc 233, and a stubble cutter 234. The hollow shaft 231 is connected with the upper part and the driving device 4, the hollow shaft 231 is connected with an output shaft of the driving device through a coupling 235, and the hollow shaft 231 is driven to rotate through the driving device 4. The hollow shaft 231 is fixed on the stubble leveling machine frame 21 through a bearing, a bearing seat and an upper end cover. The inner surface of the lower portion of the hollow shaft 231 is provided with an internal spline. The upper part of the spline shaft 232 is provided with external splines, and when the connection is performed, the upper part of the spline shaft 232 is inserted into the hollow shaft 231 and is in spline connection with the internal splines on the inner surface of the hollow shaft 231. The joint of the hollow shaft 231 and the spline shaft 232 is provided with a bearing seat and an upper end cover, and the bearing seat is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame 21. The lower end of the spline shaft 232 is provided with a cutter disc 233, a plurality of stubble leveling cutters 234 are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the cutter disc 233, and the stubble leveling cutters 234 are rectangular stubble leveling cutters. The middle part cover of spline shaft 232 is equipped with spacing platform 236, and spacing platform 236 is located stumping frame 21, and the cover is equipped with support frame 24 below spacing platform 236. A second spring 237 is arranged between the supporting frame 24 and the limiting table 236, the right end of the supporting frame 24 is sleeved at the middle part of the spline shaft 232 and is connected with the spline shaft 232, the left end of the connecting rod 241 of the supporting frame 24 is inserted into the cavity of the protruding part 227 of the profiling ground wheel frame 222, the spline shaft 232 is connected with the profiling ground wheel frame 222, and a connecting part is formed and penetrates through the vertical guide groove of the guide cylinder. When the used disc cutting mechanism 23 is a double-disc cutting mechanism, the supporting frame 24 is a T-shaped mechanism, and the supporting frame 24 is connected with the double-disc cutting mechanism, so that the discs of the double-disc mechanism can move up and down at the same time. Preferably, a vertical limit groove 211 is arranged on the stubble leveling frame 21, and a connecting rod of the support frame 24 passes through the limit groove 211 and is connected with the profiling ground wheel frame 222. The lower surface of the limit groove 211 plays a limiting role at the same time.
When stubble leveling operation is performed, the profiling land wheel mechanism 22 senses the sugarcane land topography by means of the profiling land wheel 223 in the front, and the profiling land wheel 223 presses the first spring 224 in the guide cylinder 221 according to the height of the topography during walking. The supporting frame 24 connected with the profiling ground wheel frame 222 also floats along with the movement amplitude of the profiling ground wheel 223, and the supporting frame 24 drives the spline shaft 232 to move up and down in the hollow shaft 231, so as to drive the cutterhead 233 to move up and down. The hollow shaft 231 is driven to rotate by the driving device 4, and the disc cutting mechanism 23 is driven to carry out stubble pasting operation.
The profiling wheel mechanism 22 is arranged in front of the disc cutting mechanism 23 at intervals of 30cm, and the bottom surface of the profiling wheel 223 and the ground surface of the cutterhead 233 are on the same horizontal plane. The disc cutting mechanism 23 is connected with the profiling wheel mechanism 22 through a supporting frame 24, the supporting frame 24 is connected with the protruding part of the profiling wheel frame 222, and the up-and-down sliding stroke is 130mm. The spline shaft 232 is provided with a limiting table 236, the stubble leveling machine frame 21 is provided with a vertical limiting groove 211, and the limiting table 236 on the spline shaft and the limiting groove 211 on the stubble leveling machine frame 21 limit the travel of the supporting frame 24 in an up-and-down movement mode. And also limits the travel of the second spring 237.
The profiling land wheel 223 senses the ground when the stubble leveling operation is performed, and the profiling land wheel 223 moves up and down under the guiding action of the guide cylinder 221 along with the relief of the topography, so that the supporting frame 24 is driven to move up and down in the limit groove 211 of the stubble leveling machine frame 21, and the cutter disc 233 is driven to be stuck with the stubble leveling vertically. The first spring 224 and the second spring 237 apply force to the supporting frame 24 and the profiling wheel frame 222 respectively, so that the profiling wheel mechanism 22 and the disc cutting mechanism 23 are stressed uniformly, and work stably and stubble is pasted. The 3 disc cutting mechanisms 23 are respectively and independently connected with the 3 profiling land wheel mechanisms 22, and can independently carry out stubble pasting along with the relief of the topography during stubble flattening operation. 3 ridges of sugarcane stubbles can be flattened at one time, the working area is large, the stubble flattening can not interfere with each other in each ridge, the stubble flattening quality is good, and the subsequent growth of sugarcane is facilitated.
The specific structure of the leaf crushing device is as follows:
the leaf crushing device comprises a crushing frame 11, a crushing mechanism 12 and a hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism 13. The shredder housing 11 is connected to the tractor by a three-point suspension 117. The front side and the rear side of the leaf crushing frame 11 are provided with baffles, namely a front baffle 111 and a rear baffle 112, and the left side and the right side are respectively provided with a left side plate 113 and a right side plate 114. The baffle is provided to prevent the fragments of the sugarcane leaves from flying in disorder during the crushing operation. The crushing mechanism 12 is mounted on the crushing frame 11, and the crushing mechanism 12 includes a crushing knife roller 121 and a plurality of Y-shaped flail knives 122. The crushing knife roller 121 is arranged on the crushing frame 11 and is positioned in a cavity formed by the front baffle 111 and the rear baffle 112, the right end of the crushing knife roller 121 passes through the right side plate 114 and is fixed through the bearing end cover 115, and the left end passes through the left side plate 113 and is fixed through the bearing end cover 116. The left end of the crushing cutter roller 121 passes through the bearing end cover and is connected with the driving device 4, and the crushing guide roller 121 is driven to rotate by the driving device 4. The plurality of Y-shaped flail knifes are distributed on the outer surface of the crushing knife roller 121, the Y-shaped flail knifes are arranged on the crushing knife roller 121 through a knife blade shaft 123, cotter pins 124 are arranged at the end parts of the knife blade shaft 123, and the Y-shaped flail knifes 122 are fixed on the crushing knife roller 121 through the cotter pins 124. The hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism 13 is arranged on the rear baffle 112 of the crushing frame 11, and the number of the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanisms is 2 or more. In this embodiment, the number of the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanisms 13 is 2, and the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanisms are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the rear baffle 112. The leaf collecting mechanisms 13 at the bottom of the hook are respectively arranged close to the left end and the right end of the rear side plate and correspond to the central position of the bottom of the sugarcane planting ditch, so that sugarcane leaves in the ditch can be conveniently hooked.
The hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism 13 comprises a positioning guide rail 131, a plurality of clamping sliding blocks 132 and a plurality of spring teeth 133, wherein the positioning guide rail 131 is arranged on the rear baffle 112, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the positioning guide rail 131, and the clamping sliding blocks 132 are fixed on the positioning holes through screws. The number of the clamping sliders 132 and the distance between the clamping sliders 132 are adjusted according to the operation requirement. The number of the clamping sliders is 3 or more than 3, the number of the clamping sliders in the embodiment is 5, each clamping slider 132 is provided with a clamping cover block 134, and spring teeth are arranged on the clamping cover block 134. The plurality of spring teeth 133 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the clamping slider 132, so the number of spring teeth in this embodiment is 5. The height of the spring teeth 133 is adjusted according to the thickness of sugarcane leaves in the sugarcane field before operation, and the spring teeth are fixed at a certain position after adjustment. When the next sugarcane field operation is performed, the clamping sliding cover 134 is loosened and tightened as required, and the heights of the spring teeth 133 are adjusted. When the spring tooth 133 is installed, the lower end of the spring tooth 133 extends to the ground, and the lower end of the spring tooth 133 is bent to form a hook leaf part. In operation, the curved leaf hooking portions of the plurality of spring teeth 133 are inserted into the stack of sugarcane leaves, and when the leaf crushing device moves forward, the leaf hooking portions of the spring teeth enter the grooves to pick up the stacked or closely adhered sugarcane She Gou at the bottoms of the grooves and push the sugarcane leaves to the front crushing mechanism 12, and the crushing mechanism 12 crushes the sugarcane leaves.
When the leaf crushing work is carried out, the power of the tractor is transmitted to the driving device 4 through the universal joint, the driving device 4 drives the crushing mechanism 12, and the leaf crushing and returning are carried out under the cooperation of the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism 13. The spring teeth 133 of the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism 13 enter the ditch to pick up the sugarcane She Gou stacked or clung to the ditch bottom and push the sugarcane leaves to the front crushing mechanism 12, and the leaf crushing effect is better under the double functions of the leaf crushing machine frame 11 and the crushing mechanism 12. The leaf crushing device has the advantages that the width is 2m, 1 ridge and 2 furrows of the leaf can be crushed at one time, the leaf crushing area is large, sugarcane leaves in the furrows can be crushed, and the leaf crushing effect is greatly improved.
Preferably, the lengths of the Y-shaped flail knives 122 are inconsistent, the lengths of the flail knives are increased in a gradient mode, and the Y-shaped flail knives are distributed on the crushing knife roller in a double-spiral line mode. The radial tangential surface of the crushing knife roll is provided with a single group of Y-shaped flail knives, the included angle between the adjacent Y-shaped flail knives along the spiral line is 60-80 degrees, and the axial distance is 60-90mm.
As shown in fig. 7, the specific structure of the Y-shaped flail knife in this embodiment is as follows: the Y-shaped flail knife 21 consists of two steel L-shaped blades with the thickness of 8mm, the bending angle of 150 degrees and 65Mn, and is fixed on a crushing knife roller 121 through a blade shaft 123 and a cotter pin 124, the shortest knife corresponding to the ridge top position is 15cm, the growth gradient of the flail knife is 1.5cm, the longest knife is 21cm, and the arrangement mode adopts double helix arrangement. The arrangement mode is shown in the distribution of FIG. 7, wherein A represents that the length of the Y-shaped flail knife is 15cm, B represents that the length of the Y-shaped flail knife is 16.5cm, C represents that the length of the Y-shaped flail knife is 18cm, D represents that the length of the Y-shaped flail knife is 19.5cm, and E represents that the length of the Y-shaped flail knife is 21cm. In order to prevent the long sugarcane She Chanrao, only a single group of flail knives are arranged on each radial tangent plane of the roll shaft, the included angle between adjacent knife groups along the spiral line is 72 degrees, and the axial distance is 75mm.
Preferably, the drive device 4 includes a gear box 41, a belt transmission 42, a timing belt transmission 43, and a reduction box 44. The power of the tractor is transmitted to the transmission case 41 through the universal joint, the belt transmission mechanism 42 comprises a main belt pulley 421, a secondary belt pulley 422, a transmission belt 423 and a pinch roller 424, the main belt pulley 421 is arranged on the transmission shaft 411, the transmission shaft 411 is connected with the transmission case 41, the main belt pulley 421 is connected with the secondary belt pulley 422 through the transmission belt 423, and the secondary belt pulley 422 is arranged on the left end input end of the crushing cutter roller 121 to drive the crushing cutter roller 121 to rotate. The pressing wheel 424 is disposed on an outer surface of the driving belt 423 for pressing the driving belt 423 such that the driving belt 423 is tightly pressed. The timing belt transmission mechanism 43 includes a main timing pulley 431, a sub timing pulley 432, and a timing belt 433, the main timing pulley 431 is provided on the output end of the crushing cutter roller 121, and is connected to the sub timing pulley 433 through the timing belt 433, the sub timing pulley 433 is provided on the stubble leveling input shaft 45, and the stubble leveling input shaft 45 is provided on the stubble leveling frame 21. By driving rotation of the stumping input shaft 45 from the timing pulley 433, power is input to the stumping input shaft 45. The stubble leveling input shaft 45 is connected with a reduction gearbox 44, and the reduction gearbox 44 is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame 21. An output shaft of the reduction gearbox 44 is connected with the hollow shaft 231 to drive the cutterhead 233 to rotate.
Preferably, the number of the disc cutting mechanisms 23 is plural, in this embodiment, 3 disc cutting mechanisms are provided, each disc cutting mechanism 23 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the reduction gearbox 44, that is, the number of reduction gearboxes is also 3, and the reduction gearboxes are connected through the three-section shaft 451 and the coupling 452. The stumping input shaft 45 comprises a three-section shaft 451 and a coupling 452, the three-section shaft 451 being connected by the coupling 452 to form a stumping input shaft.
Preferably, the disc cutting mechanism is a double-disc cutting mechanism, and is further provided with a plurality of groups of gear sets 46, and the gear sets 46 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the reduction boxes 44. The gear set 46 includes a driving gear 461 and a driven gear 462 intermeshed therewith. The driving gear 461 is provided on the hollow shaft 231, and the hollow shaft 231 is connected to the output shaft 441 of the reduction gearbox 44 through the coupling 235. Each cutter head is correspondingly arranged on one hollow shaft, and the embodiment is provided with a double-disc cutting mechanism and two hollow shafts. The driving gear is disposed on the hollow shaft of one of the disc cutting mechanisms and the driven gear 462 is disposed on the hollow shaft of the other disc cutting mechanism. When cutting operation is performed, the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 44 drives the driving gear on one hollow shaft to rotate, and the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other to drive the other driven gear to rotate, so that the other cutterhead is driven to reversely rotate. And 3 pairs of double-disc cutting mechanisms carry out stubble pasting operation on 3 ridges, so that the working efficiency is improved.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine is characterized by comprising a leaf crushing device and a stubble leveling device, wherein the leaf crushing device is connected with the stubble leveling device through a traction arm and is used for crushing sugarcane leaves in a sugarcane field; the stubble leveling device comprises:
the stubble leveling machine frame is connected with the leaf crushing device, and a land wheel is arranged at the lower end of the stubble leveling machine frame;
the profiling ground wheel mechanism comprises a guide cylinder, a profiling ground wheel frame and a profiling ground wheel, wherein the guide cylinder is connected with the stubble leveling frame, a first spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, a vertical guide groove is arranged on the side wall of the guide cylinder, the profiling ground wheel frame is arranged in the guide cylinder, the lower end of the profiling ground wheel frame extends out of the guide cylinder downwards, the first spring is sleeved on the profiling ground wheel frame, and the profiling ground wheel is arranged at the lower end of the profiling ground wheel frame;
the disc cutting mechanism is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the profiling land wheel mechanism and is positioned behind the profiling land wheel mechanism, the disc cutting mechanism comprises a hollow shaft, a spline shaft and a cutter disc, the hollow shaft is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame, the upper part of the hollow shaft is connected with a driving device so as to drive the hollow shaft to rotate, the lower part of the hollow shaft is in spline connection with the upper part of the spline shaft, the lower end of the spline shaft is connected with the cutter disc, and a cutter is arranged on the lower surface of the cutter disc; and
one end of the support frame is connected with the profiling ground wheel frame to form a connecting part, the connecting part penetrates through the guide groove of the guide cylinder, the other end of the support frame is sleeved on the spline shaft and connected with the spline shaft, a second spring is sleeved on the spline shaft, the upper end of the second spring is connected with the limit table, and the lower end of the second spring is connected with the support frame;
the profiling land wheel moves up and down to fluctuate, the first spring is compressed, and the spline shaft is driven to move up and down through the supporting frame.
2. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the disc cutting mechanism is a double-disc cutting mechanism, the double-disc cutting mechanism is provided with two cutterheads, and rotation of the two cutterheads is reverse rotation.
3. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of the disc cutting mechanisms is 2 or more.
4. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the leaf crushing device comprises:
the broken leaf rack is connected with the tractor through a suspension device;
the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing cutter roller and a plurality of Y-shaped flail knives, wherein the crushing cutter roller is arranged on the leaf crushing rack and is connected with the driving device so as to drive the crushing cutter roller to rotate, and the Y-shaped flail knives are distributed on the outer surface of the crushing cutter roller; and
the leaf collecting mechanism at the bottom of the hook, it is located on garrulous leaf frame rear side, be located the rear of crushing mechanism, leaf collecting mechanism at the bottom of the hook includes location guide rail, a plurality of clamp slide block and a plurality of spring tooth, the location guide rail is located garrulous leaf frame is last, a plurality of clamp slide block detachable locate on the location guide rail, a plurality of spring tooth one-to-one's height-adjustable locate on the clamp slide block, spring tooth lower extreme extends to ground, and the lower extreme is crooked form and forms and colludes leaf portion.
5. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 4, wherein the lengths of the Y-shaped flail knives are inconsistent, the lengths of the flail knives are in gradient growth, and the Y-shaped flail knives are distributed on the crushing knife roller in double helix arrangement.
6. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 5, wherein single-group Y-shaped flail knives are distributed on a radial tangential plane of the crushing knife roller, included angles between adjacent Y-shaped flail knives along a spiral line are 60-80 degrees, and axial intervals are 60-90mm.
7. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 4, wherein baffles are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the leaf crushing machine frame, the crushing mechanism is arranged in the baffles, and the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanism is arranged on the baffles on the rear side; and/or the number of the hook bottom leaf collecting mechanisms is 2 or more than 2; preferably, the number of the spring teeth is 3 or more.
8. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the driving device comprises:
the transmission case is connected with a power output mechanism of the tractor;
the belt transmission mechanism comprises a main belt pulley, a secondary belt pulley and a transmission belt, wherein the main belt pulley is arranged on a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected with the transmission box, the main belt pulley is connected with the secondary belt pulley through the transmission belt, and the secondary belt pulley is arranged at the input end of the crushing cutter roller so as to drive the crushing cutter roller to rotate;
the synchronous belt transmission mechanism comprises a main synchronous belt pulley, a secondary synchronous belt pulley and a synchronous belt, wherein the main synchronous belt pulley is arranged at the output end of the crushing knife roller and is connected with the secondary synchronous belt pulley through the synchronous belt, the secondary synchronous belt pulley is arranged on a stubble-leveling input shaft, and the stubble-leveling input shaft is arranged on the stubble-leveling frame; and
the speed reducing box is arranged on the stubble leveling machine frame and connected with the stubble leveling output shaft, and the output shaft of the speed reducing box is connected with the hollow shaft so as to drive the cutter head to rotate.
9. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 8, wherein the disc cutting mechanisms are double disc cutting mechanisms, and a gear set is further arranged, wherein the gear set comprises a driving gear and a driven gear meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear is arranged on a hollow shaft of one disc cutting mechanism, and the driven gear is arranged on a hollow shaft of the other disc cutting mechanism; the driving gear and the driven gear are in meshed transmission with each other to drive the cutterhead to reversely rotate.
10. The sugarcane leaf crushing and stubble leveling integrated machine according to claim 8, wherein the number of the disc cutting mechanisms is multiple, the disc cutting mechanisms are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the reduction boxes, and the reduction boxes are connected through three sections of shafts and couplings.
CN202311564632.6A 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine Pending CN117529996A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311564632.6A CN117529996A (en) 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311564632.6A CN117529996A (en) 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117529996A true CN117529996A (en) 2024-02-09

Family

ID=89787868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311564632.6A Pending CN117529996A (en) 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Sugarcane leaf breaking and stubble leveling integrated machine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117529996A (en)

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