CN117511629A - 柴油机油组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
柴油机油组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117511629A CN117511629A CN202210891537.6A CN202210891537A CN117511629A CN 117511629 A CN117511629 A CN 117511629A CN 202210891537 A CN202210891537 A CN 202210891537A CN 117511629 A CN117511629 A CN 117511629A
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- diesel engine
- oil composition
- engine oil
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010710 diesel engine oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
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- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYFOAVADNIHPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isatoic anhydride Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1CO VYFOAVADNIHPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
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- SNLFYGIUTYKKOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-bis(4-aminophenyl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(N)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 SNLFYGIUTYKKOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMZVBRIIHDRYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VMZVBRIIHDRYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
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- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N (e)-10-[2-(7-carboxyheptyl)-5,6-dihexylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]dec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC1C=CC(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C1CCCCCC CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KQHZEKNQJJSVDN-KVVVOXFISA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OCCNCCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O KQHZEKNQJJSVDN-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-2h-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=NC=C2C(Br)=NNC2=C1 NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLPFFLWZZBQMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(C#N)=CC=C1C1N2C=NC=C2CCC1 CLPFFLWZZBQMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000501711 Centaurium Species 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl adipate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCC XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930184510 Mallotus Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241001060384 Mallotus <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000625 Poly(1-decene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical class OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXQVDVNAKHFQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)CO TXQVDVNAKHFQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLLCYXDFVBWGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(8-methylnonyl) nonanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C WLLCYXDFVBWGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013022 formulation composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N glycerol monolinoleate Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monoelaidin Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical class OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004237 preparative chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003900 succinic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940117013 triethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CAGSQBQWMHFMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-ethylhexylsulfanyl-dioxido-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCC(CC)CSP([O-])([O-])=S CAGSQBQWMHFMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
- C08F8/32—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种柴油机油组合物,包括芳胺型分散剂、抗氧剂、金属清净剂、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、无灰摩擦改进剂和润滑油基础油,其中所述芳胺型分散剂的结构如式(I)所示:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种柴油机油组合物,尤其涉及一种分散、清净和抗氧性能优异的柴油机油组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
润滑油基础油中的不饱和烯烃、芳烃及少量含硫化合物极易与氧气反应生成胶质,并最终形成积碳沉积物,尤其在进气阀、活塞、油底壳、燃烧室等关键部件会加速形成发动机沉积物,严重影响发动机的工作性能,导致发动机启动困难、怠速不稳、驾驶性差、加速性差、功率损失严重等问题。碳沉积物使得变速箱齿轮转动不畅,增加齿轮耐磨,缩短齿轮箱寿命,产生不必要的昂贵维修费用。
发动机油的清净分散性能一直是油品规格中一个重要的指标,例如柴油机油的规格等级随着柴油发动机结构、运行工况和节能减排的要求而不断升级换代,其产品规格从CF-4升级到CH-4、CI-4和最新的CK-4。随着柴油发动机EGR废气循环系统的应用,使得NOx的排放降低,润滑油中烟炱量增加。使用中的柴油机油中含炭黑的比例从CF-4级别的2%逐步提高到CK-4级别的6.7%,这对油品的清净分散性能提出了更高的要求。
但是,使用现有技术的清净分散剂所制造的柴油机油组合物已经不能完全满足这类更高规格产品的要求。因此,现有技术仍旧需要一种柴油机油组合物,其不但能够满足当今更高规格产品对清净分散性能日益严苛的要求,并且还需具有优异的抗氧性能。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种柴油机油组合物,其不但能够满足当今更高规格产品对清净分散性能日益严苛的要求,并且能显著降低清净剂、抗氧剂的添加量。
本发明的柴油机油组合物,包括芳胺型分散剂、抗氧剂、金属清净剂、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、无灰摩擦改进剂和润滑油基础油,其中所述芳胺型分散剂的结构如式(I)所示:
在式(I)中,各个R0基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基;各个G基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基、式(II)所示的基团,并且至少一个G基团选自式(II)所示的基团;
在式(II)中,R基团选自数均分子量为1000~5000的聚异丁烯基团,符号*代表与式(I)的结合端。
根据本发明,在式(I)中,各个R0基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基;各个G基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基、式(II)所示的基团;在式(II)中,R基团选自数均分子量为1000~2500的聚异丁烯基团。
根据本发明,在式(I)中,一个、两个或者三个G基团各自独立地选自式(II)所示的基团。
根据本发明,所述芳胺型分散剂可以举出的例子包括以下结构化合物中的一种或多种:
其中的PIB代表聚异丁烯基团。
根据本发明,所述芳胺型分散剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)使式(α)所示化合物与靛红酸酐反应;
在式(α)中,各个R0基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基;各个G’基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基,并且至少一个G’基团选自H;
(2)使步骤(1)的反应产物与聚异丁烯马来酸酐反应,收集产物。
根据本发明,在式(α)中,各个R0基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基;各个G’基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基。
根据本发明,在式(α)中,一个、两个或者三个G’基团选自H。
根据本发明,所述式(α)所示化合物可以为三(4-氨基苯基)胺。
根据本发明,所述靛红酸酐的结构为:
根据本发明,所述聚异丁烯马来酸酐的结构为:
其中的PIB基团选自数均分子量为1000~5000的聚异丁烯基团,优选选自数均分子量为1000~2500的聚异丁烯基团。
根据本发明,可选地,在步骤(1)中,所述式(α)所示化合物与靛红酸酐的摩尔比为1:(0.5~3.5),优选为1:(3~3.2);所述反应的条件包括:反应温度为80-100℃,反应时间为8-12h;优选地,反应温度为85-95℃,反应时间为9-10h。
根据本发明,可选地,在步骤(2)中,所述步骤(1)的反应产物与所述聚异丁烯马来酸酐的摩尔比为1:(0.5~3.5),优选为1:(3~3.2);所述反应的条件包括:反应温度为140-160℃,反应时间为4-8h;优选地,反应温度为145-155℃,反应时间为5-7h。
根据本发明,所述步骤(1)、(2)可以在稀释剂和/或溶剂的存在下进行,也可以不使用稀释剂和/或溶剂。
根据本发明,所述稀释剂可以选用API I、II、III、IV和V类基础油中的一种或多种,常见的商品或牌号包括100SN、150SN、200SN、350SN、500SN、650SN、150BS、HVI-100、HVI-150、HVI-200、HVI-350、HVI-400、HVI-500、HVI-150BS、PAO4、PAO6、PAO8、PAO10、烷基苯、烷基萘等。
根据本发明,所述溶剂可以选用C6-20芳烃(比如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和异丙苯)、C6-10烷烃(比如正己烷、环己烷和石油醚)、溶剂汽油等。这些溶剂可以仅使用一种,也可以两种或多种组合使用。所述溶剂可在反应结束后,使用本领域技术人员公知的方式,例如在常压或减压条件下蒸馏除去。
根据本发明的一个特别实施方式,所述稀释剂和/或溶剂可以在所述反应步骤的任何阶段按照本领域的常规用量加入,并没有特别的限定。
根据本发明,所述步骤(1)、(2)的反应可以在惰性气体气氛的保护下进行。作为所述惰性气体,比如可以举出氮气和氩气等,并没有特别的限定。
根据本发明,通过前述的制备方法,作为反应产物,可以制造出单一的芳胺型分散剂,也可以制造出由多种芳胺型分散剂构成的混合物,或者由一种或多种芳胺型分散剂与前述稀释剂(如果使用的话)构成的混合物。这些反应产物都是本发明所预期的,其存在形式的不同并不影响本发明效果的实现。因此,本说明书上下文中不加区分地将这些反应产物均统称为芳胺型分散剂。鉴于此,根据本发明,并不存在进一步纯化该反应产物,或者从该反应产物中进一步分离出某一特定结构的芳胺型分散剂的绝对必要性。当然,该纯化或分离对于本发明预期效果的进一步提升而言是优选的,但于本发明并不必需。虽然如此,作为所述纯化或分离方法,比如可以举出通过柱层析方法或制备色谱等方法对所述反应产物进行纯化或分离等。
根据本发明,所述芳胺型分散剂的极性端包含以N原子为中心的多个苯环和酰胺官能团,与烟炱的稠环芳烃结构更匹配,具有优良的分散性能;所述芳胺型分散剂不仅能够有效分散烟炱,还能控制油品在使用过程中所造成的粘度增长。本发明所述芳胺型分散剂的制备方法工艺简单,合成效率高。
根据本发明,所述抗氧剂可以选用酚型抗氧剂和/或烷基化二苯胺。所述酚型抗氧剂可以选用2,6-二叔丁基-α-二甲氨基对甲酚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、对苯二酚和4,4-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基酚)中的一种或多种。
根据本发明,所述金属清净剂可以选用磺酸盐和/或硫化烷基酚盐,优选选自磺酸镁和硫化烷基酚钙的混合物,二者之间的质量比优选1:1~2。
根据本发明,所述二烷基二硫代磷酸锌中的烷基可以选自C2~C12烷基,优选选自C3~C8烷基,所述烷基可以选自乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、异戊基、正己基、异己基、正辛基和2-乙基己基中的一种或多种。
根据本发明,所述无灰摩擦改进剂可以选用脂肪酸多元醇酯。所述脂肪酸多元醇酯包括脂肪酸甘油酯、脂肪酸季戊四醇酯、脂肪酸乙二醇酯、脂肪酸丁二酸酯、脂肪酸乙醇胺酯、脂肪酸二乙醇胺酯、脂肪酸三乙醇胺酯等化合物的单酯、双酯或多酯,如油酸单甘油酯、油酸双甘油酯、硬脂酸单季戊四醇酯、十二酸乙二醇双酯、油酸单甘油酯、油酸二乙醇胺、油酸三乙醇胺等。
根据本发明,所述润滑油基础油可以选用API I、II、III、IV、V类润滑油基础油中的一种或多种,比如可以选用矿物润滑油和合成润滑油中的一种或多种。所述矿物润滑油基础油常见的商品牌号包括I类100SN、150SN、600SN,II类100N、150N等。所述合成润滑油基础油包括聚合烃油和/或酯类油。所述聚合烃油具体的例子包括聚丁烯、聚丙烯、丙烯-异丁烯共聚物、氯化的聚丁烯、聚(1-己烯)、聚(1-辛烯)、聚(1-癸烯),常见的商品牌号包括PAO4、PAO6、PAO8、PAO10等。所述酯类油的具体例子包括但不限于己二酸二丁酯、癸二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、反丁烯二酸酸二正己酯、癸二酸二辛酯、壬二酸二异辛酯、壬二酸二异癸酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二癸酯、癸二酸二(廿烷基)酯、亚油酸二聚物的2-乙基己基二酯。所述润滑油基础油可以选用粘度指数大于80、饱和烃质量分数大于90%、并且硫含量质量分数小于0.03%的润滑油基础油。
根据本发明,所述芳胺型分散剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.1%~20%(优选0.2%~16%,更优选0.5%~10%);所述抗氧剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.01~5%(优选0.03%~3%,更优选0.05%~2%);所述金属清净剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.2%~20%(优选0.8%~15%,更优选1.2%~8%);所述二烷基二硫代磷酸锌占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.1%~10%(优选0.2~8%,更优选0.5~5%);所述无灰摩擦改进剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.01%~5%(优选0.02%~4%,更优选0.05%~3%);所述润滑油基础油构成所述柴油机油组合物的主要成分。
本发明的柴油机油组合物的制造方法,包括使所述芳胺型分散剂、抗氧剂、金属清净剂、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、无灰摩擦改进剂和所述润滑油基础油混合的步骤。
本发明的柴油机油组合物具有优良的清净、分散及抗氧性能,同时可以大幅降低组合物中清净剂、抗氧剂的添加量,能够满足CH-4、CI-4和CK-4及以上规格柴油机油的要求。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例1制备的芳胺型分散剂的红外谱图。
图2是本申请实施例1制备的中间产物的红外谱图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步说明,但并非构成对本发明的限制。
使用的主要原料如下:
聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(PIB数均分子量1000),扬子石化;
聚异丁烯马来酸酐(PIB数均分子量1000),扬子石化;
100SN,150SN,茂名石化;
靛红酸酐,方舟制药公司;
三(4-氨基苯基)胺,上海阿达玛斯试剂有限公司;
抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基-α-二甲氨基对甲酚,标记为KY-1,北京偶合科技公司;
清净剂,低碱值硫化烷基酚钙,高碱值磺酸镁,均来源于锦州石化分公司添加剂厂;
二烷基二硫代磷酸锌,丁基,2-乙基己基二硫代磷酸锌,标记为ZDDP-1,无锡南方石油添加剂有限公司;
无灰摩擦改进剂,单油酸甘油酯,锦州石化分公司添加剂厂。
实施例1
在500ml反应釜内加入4.89g靛红酸酐和2.9g三(4-氨基苯基)胺,加入160ml甲苯,通氮气,开冷凝水回流,在90℃反应10小时,在反应结束后蒸除甲苯;然后加入用100ml150SN溶解的33g聚异丁烯马来酸酐(其中聚异丁烯的数均分子量为1000),通入氮气,开启冷凝水,在150℃反应6h,在反应结束后蒸除溶剂,得到本发明的芳胺型分散剂。分别对得到的芳胺型分散剂和中间产物进行了红外光谱测试,测试方法为:傅立叶红外光谱仪为美国NICOLET公司的AVATAR360型,扫描范围为4000-400cm-1。图1是所述芳胺型分散剂的红外谱图,图2中间产物的红外谱图。
由图1和图2可知,在中间产物中和苯环相连的伯胺的吸收峰在3349cm-1附近,与聚异丁烯马来酰亚胺反应后该吸收峰消失;中间产物中酰胺的吸收峰在1600cm-1附近,与聚异丁烯马来酰亚胺反应后该吸收峰变弱;在产物中新形成的酰亚胺的吸收峰在1700cm-1附近。图1和图2能够说明制得了目标产物。
实施例1的示例反应式如下所示。
实施例2
在500ml反应釜内加入4.89g靛红酸酐和2.9g三(4-氨基苯基)胺,加入160ml甲苯,通氮气,开冷凝水回流,在80℃反应12小时,在反应结束后蒸除甲苯;然后加入用100ml150SN溶解的33g聚异丁烯马来酸酐(其中聚异丁烯的数均分子量为1000),通入氮气,开启冷凝水,在160℃反应5h,在反应结束后蒸除溶剂,得到本发明的芳胺型分散剂。
实施例3
在500ml反应釜内加入4.89g靛红酸酐和2.9g三(4-氨基苯基)胺,加入160ml甲苯,通氮气,开冷凝水回流,在100℃反应8小时,在反应结束后蒸除甲苯;然后加入用100ml150SN溶解的33g聚异丁烯马来酸酐(其中聚异丁烯的数均分子量为1000),通入氮气,开启冷凝水,在140℃反应8h,在反应结束后蒸除溶剂,得到本发明的芳胺型分散剂。
对比例1
采用实施例1的方法,区别仅在于:不加入靛红酸酐,将三(4-氨基苯基)胺与聚异丁烯马来酸酐按照1:3的摩尔比进行反应,在反应结束后得到本对比例的烟炱无灰分散剂DF1。
对比例2
采用实施例1的方法,区别仅在于:将三(4-氨基苯基)胺替换为等摩尔量的二氨基二苯甲烷进行反应,得到本对比例的烟炱无灰分散剂DF2。
对比例3
采用实施例1的方法,区别仅在于只采用聚异丁烯马来酰亚胺代替聚异丁烯马来酸酐合成聚异丁烯马来酰亚胺型无灰分散剂,其中聚异丁烯马来酰亚胺中聚异丁烯的数均分子量为1000。得到本对比例的烟炱无灰分散剂DF3。
对比例4
将市售的聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺T151作为对比无灰分散剂。
柴油机油组合物的实施例4-6及比较例1
柴油机油组合物的实施例4-6及比较例1的配方组成见表1,分别将其中的各组分按比例加入到调和容器中,在60℃加热搅拌2小时,得到柴油机油组合物的实施例4-6及比较例1。
将实施例或对比例制造的润滑油组合物作为试验样品,采用发动机曲轴箱成焦模拟试验评价试验样品的清净性能。该方法是将300ml试验样品加入成焦板模拟仪,加热到120℃,采用连续方式向温度为300℃的铝板上溅油,在320min后称量铝板上生成的焦量,模拟活塞上的沉积物。成焦量越高,代表此试验样品的活塞清净性越差。成焦板试验的沉积物结果同见表1。
将实施例或对比例制造的润滑油组合物作为试验样品,采用加压差示扫描量热试验(PDSC)评价试验样品的热氧化安定性能,以试验样品的氧化诱导期(单位是min)表示。PDSC试验的温度为210℃,压力为0.5MPa,氧气流速为100mL/min。PDSC试验结果同见表1。
将实施例或对比例制造的润滑油组合物作为试验样品,通过高速乳化机将油品与4%的炭黑混合均匀,测定油品混合后的黏度,计算油品的黏度增长率,来评价油品的烟炱分散性能。黏度增长率越低,说明油品的烟炱分散性能越好。分散模拟试验结果同见表1。
表1
由表1数据可知,本发明的柴油机油组合物具有优良的清净、分散及抗氧性能。
Claims (11)
1.一种柴油机油组合物,包括芳胺型分散剂、抗氧剂、金属清净剂、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、无灰摩擦改进剂和润滑油基础油,其中所述芳胺型分散剂的结构如式(I)所示:
在式(I)中,各个R0基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基;各个G基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基、式(II)所示的基团,并且至少一个G基团选自式(II)所示的基团;
在式(II)中,R基团选自数均分子量为1000~5000的聚异丁烯基团,符号*代表与式(I)的结合端。
2.按照权利要求1所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,在式(I)中,各个R0基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基;各个G基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基、式(II)所示的基团;在式(II)中,R基团选自数均分子量为1000~2500的聚异丁烯基团。
3.按照权利要求1所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,所述芳胺型分散剂为以下结构化合物中的一种或多种:
其中的PIB代表聚异丁烯基团。
4.按照权利要求1所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,所述芳胺型分散剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)使式(α)所示化合物与靛红酸酐反应;
在式(α)中,各个R0基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基;各个G’基团彼此相同或不同,各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、C6~C10芳基,并且至少一个G’基团选自H;
(2)使步骤(1)的反应产物与聚异丁烯马来酸酐反应,收集产物。
5.按照权利要求4所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,在式(α)中,各个R0基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基;各个G’基团各自独立地选自H、C1~C4烷基、苯基。
6.按照权利要求4所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,所述聚异丁烯马来酸酐的结构为:
其中的PIB基团选自数均分子量为1000~5000的聚异丁烯基团。
7.按照权利要求4所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,所述式(α)所示化合物与靛红酸酐的摩尔比为1:(0.5~3.5);反应温度为80-100℃,反应时间为8-12h。
8.按照权利要求4所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,所述步骤(1)的反应产物与所述聚异丁烯马来酸酐的摩尔比为1:(0.5~3.5);反应温度为140-160℃,反应时间为4-8h。
9.按照权利要求1~8之一所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂选自酚型抗氧剂和/或烷基化二苯胺;所述金属清净剂选自磺酸盐和/或硫化烷基酚盐;所述二烷基二硫代磷酸锌中的烷基选自C2~C12烷基;所述无灰摩擦改进剂选自脂肪酸多元醇酯;所述润滑油基础油选自API I、II、III、IV、V类润滑油基础油中的一种或多种。
10.按照权利要求1~8之一所述的柴油机油组合物,其特征在于,所述芳胺型分散剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.1%~20%;所述抗氧剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.01~5%;所述金属清净剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.2%~20%;所述二烷基二硫代磷酸锌占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.1%~10%;所述无灰摩擦改进剂占所述柴油机油组合物总质量的0.01%~5%;所述润滑油基础油构成所述柴油机油组合物的主要成分。
11.权利要求1~10之一所述柴油机油组合物的制造方法,包括使其中所述的芳胺型分散剂、抗氧剂、金属清净剂、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、无灰摩擦改进剂和所述润滑油基础油混合的步骤。
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