CN117507929A

CN117507929A - Electric truck power conversion system and power conversion method

Info

Publication number: CN117507929A
Application number: CN202210911966.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 黎明; 仇丹梁
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-29
Filing date: 2022-07-29
Publication date: 2024-02-06

Abstract

The invention provides a power conversion system and a power conversion method of an electric truck. The electric truck power changing system comprises a charging frame and a carrying vehicle, wherein the carrying vehicle is used for changing a battery pack unit for a quick-change bracket arranged on the electric truck, a bracket body of the quick-change bracket comprises a bearing part and a connecting part, the connecting part is used for detachably connecting the quick-change bracket with a bottom girder of the electric truck, the bearing part forms at least one battery pack position for placing the battery pack unit, when a battery pack is replaced, the carrying vehicle takes down the battery pack unit with insufficient power in the vertical direction from the battery pack position and transfers the battery pack unit to the charging frame for charging, and then transfers and loads the battery pack position after taking down the battery pack unit with full power in the vertical direction from the charging frame, so that the battery pack unit is arranged on the bearing part and supplies power for the electric truck. The power exchange system does not need a special power exchange device, can complete power exchange operation by using a carrying vehicle, has small site area and good arrangement flexibility, and is particularly suitable for mining area environments.

Description

Electric truck power conversion system and power conversion method

Technical Field

The specification relates to the technical field of power conversion, in particular to a power conversion system and a power conversion method of an electric truck.

Background

Mining trucks are special vehicles used in mining areas, and in order to adapt to environmental protection development concepts, the mining trucks begin to use electric energy to replace traditional fuel oil. The common electric power supplementing mode of the electric mining truck is mainly divided into a charging type and a power changing type, because the operation time of a mining area is intensive, the capacity of a battery pack is large, the charging time is long, the mining truck needs to be stopped in the charging process, the service efficiency of the mining truck is greatly reduced, a mining area charging station is established, a scheduling plan and a charging strategy of a battery pack unit are formulated, the frequency and the time of the power changing operation are arranged for the mining truck, the power changing system of the whole mining area is in an optimal operation state, and the working efficiency of the mining area is improved.

Along with the change of mining site exploitation position, the transportation scope of electric mining truck can change along with the exploitation position, and many mining sites do not possess large tracts of land flat ground in addition, and the dust in mining site is big, the slags is many, and automatic power conversion equipment is installed to common automatic power conversion station, and area is big, and the structure is complicated to the operational environment's of automation equipment requirement is high, uses the easy trouble in the region that the dust is many. Accordingly, there is a need for a mining truck power conversion system and method that can be adapted for use in a mining area operating environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the technical problems of large occupied area, complex structure and high requirement on the use environment of a power conversion system in the prior art, and provides the power conversion system and the power conversion method of the electric truck, wherein the power conversion system of the electric truck is suitable for a mounting field with a limited area, has a simple structure and low requirement on the environment, and can provide power conversion service for the electric truck nearby.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

an electric truck power changing system comprises a charging rack and a carrying vehicle, wherein the carrying vehicle is used for changing a battery pack unit for a quick-change bracket arranged on the electric truck;

the quick-change bracket comprises a bracket body, wherein the bracket body is connected to a bottom girder of the electric truck;

the bracket body comprises a bearing part and a connecting part, wherein a first end of the connecting part is detachably connected with a bottom girder of the electric truck, a second end of the connecting part is connected with the bearing part, and the bearing part is positioned below the bottom girder and forms at least one battery pack position for placing the battery pack unit;

the transport vehicle is arranged in taking down the battery package unit of deficiency of electricity along vertical direction in the battery package position of quick change support, makes battery package unit and loading part separate, and will the battery package unit of deficiency of electricity transfer to charge on the charging frame, then follow take down the battery package unit of full electricity along vertical direction on the charging frame transfer to electric truck department and along vertical direction pack into the battery package position of quick change support, at this moment, battery package unit set up in on the loading part, for electric truck power supply.

In the scheme, the quick-change bracket for bearing the battery pack unit is connected to the bottom girder of the electric truck through the connecting part, so that at least one area for bearing the battery pack unit is formed below the bottom girder, when the battery pack unit is replaced, the battery pack unit is installed, dismounted and transported between the electric truck and the charging frame by the carrying vehicle, the chassis power exchange device or the lifting appliance power exchange device is not required to be built by the power exchange system, and even the power exchange station with automatic equipment is not required.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, along the length direction of the bottom girder, two battery packs are respectively located at two sides of the bottom girder.

In the scheme, the battery pack positions are arranged on the two sides of the electric truck, so that the installation space below the electric truck can be effectively utilized, the electric energy capacity is improved, and the weight allocation on the left side and the right side of the electric truck is facilitated to be balanced.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, a vehicle end electrical connector is disposed on an upper surface of the bearing portion of the quick-change bracket, and the vehicle end electrical connector is electrically connected with the battery end electrical connector of the battery pack unit in a vertical direction.

In the scheme, the vehicle-end electric connector and the battery-end electric connector are arranged on the upper surface of the bearing part and the corresponding positions of the battery pack unit in a matching mode, so that the electric connection process is combined in the process that the battery pack unit vertically descends to the bearing part, and the electric connection process is efficient and simple.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the quick-change bracket further includes a floating assembly, and the vehicle-end electrical connector is floatingly mounted on the upper surface of the bearing portion through the floating assembly.

In the scheme, the vehicle-end electric connector is arranged on the floating assembly to provide horizontal floating displacement for the vehicle-end electric connector, and the vehicle-end electric connector can float and move in four horizontal directions in the front-back left-right direction in the electric connection process, so that the relative position between the vehicle-end electric connector and the battery-end electric connector is automatically adjusted, and stable electric connection is formed between the electric connectors.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the lower end face of the battery pack unit is provided with an upward concave groove, the concave groove is matched with the picking and placing mechanism of the carrying vehicle in shape, and the picking and placing mechanism of the carrying vehicle is inserted into the concave groove and drives the battery pack unit to move.

In the scheme, the battery pack unit is fixed in the process of mounting, dismounting and moving the battery pack unit by arranging the groove matched with the shape of the picking and placing mechanism of the carrying vehicle, so that the battery pack unit is prevented from accidentally falling off from the picking and placing mechanism.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the handling vehicle includes a horizontal moving device and a vertical moving device that are connected to each other, and the vertical moving device is connected to the pick-and-place mechanism;

the horizontal moving device is used for horizontally moving the battery pack unit, and the vertical moving device is used for vertically moving the battery pack unit.

In the above scheme, through setting up horizontal migration device and vertical migration device at the transport vehicle, can adjust the relative position of battery package unit and loading part simply and conveniently, be convenient for install and dismantle battery package unit from vertical direction.

In the above technical scheme, preferably, the quick-change bracket is provided with a locking mechanism, and the battery pack unit is provided with a locking surface;

the locking mechanism is including rotating connect in the locking couple of support body, be equipped with on the locking couple be used for with the bulldozing portion of battery package unit butt, the one end that support body was kept away from to the locking couple is provided with locking portion, bulldozing portion is used for work as the battery package unit down place in the in-process on the support body drive locking portion rotate with the locking face butt of battery package unit, thereby fix the battery package unit.

In the scheme, the rotatable locking hook is arranged, the locking part and the pushing part are respectively arranged on the locking hook, when the battery pack unit is installed, the carrying vehicle drives the battery pack unit to vertically descend and press the pushing part, the locking hook is driven to rotate towards the locking direction, and the locking part is matched and abutted with the locking surface of the battery pack unit to finish locking; when the battery pack unit is dismantled, the carrying vehicle drives the battery pack unit to vertically ascend, the downward pressure on the pushing part is relieved, the locking hook rotates towards the unlocking direction, the locking part is separated from the locking surface, unlocking is completed, locking and unlocking operations are convenient, and the equipment structure is simple.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises an unlocking rod slidingly connected to the bracket body, a first positioning locking part is arranged on the locking hook, and a second positioning locking part is arranged at a position of the unlocking rod corresponding to the first positioning locking part;

when the locking hook is in a locking state, the first positioning locking part and the second positioning locking part are in a locking matching state;

when the locking hook is in an unlocking state, the first positioning locking part and the second positioning locking part are in a separation state.

In the scheme, the unlocking rod, the first positioning locking part and the second positioning locking part which are matched with each other are arranged, so that after the battery pack unit is fixed by the locking hook, the first positioning locking part and the second positioning locking part are matched and locked, and the locking hook is prevented from rotating towards the unlocking direction; when unlocking, through promoting the unlocking lever for first location locking part and second location locking part separation, make the locking couple can follow the rising of battery package unit and remove to the unlocking direction rotation, accomplish the unblock process smoothly, through the linkage formation between above-mentioned structure setting and the part can set up the locking structure that prevents unexpected unblock.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the quick-change bracket further comprises a primary guiding structure, wherein the primary guiding structure is mounted at a corner of the bearing part corresponding to the battery pack position and is used for primary positioning of the battery pack unit.

In the scheme, the first-level guide structure is arranged at the corner of the bearing part, so that a horizontal guide effect is provided in the vertical installation process of the battery pack unit, the accuracy of installation operation is improved, and the operation efficiency is improved.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the first guiding structure includes a guiding plate vertically disposed on the bearing portion, and one end of the guiding plate away from the bearing portion is provided with a guiding surface that is matched with and guides the outer surface of the battery pack unit;

When the battery pack unit is installed, the guide surface is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the battery pack unit to horizontally guide the battery pack unit to move into the battery pack position of the quick-change bracket.

In the scheme, the guide surface is arranged, when the battery pack unit vertically descends, the battery pack unit is guided to horizontally move to the position right above the bearing part in a sliding contact mode, positioning is completed, and the positioning structure is simple and easy to manufacture and process.

In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the quick-change bracket further comprises a secondary guiding structure, and the secondary guiding structure is mounted on the upper surface of the bearing part and is used for performing secondary positioning on the battery pack unit.

In the above scheme, through setting up second grade guide structure on the basis of first grade guide structure, when the transport vehicle descends along vertical direction and installs battery package unit, carry out coarse guidance by first grade guide structure, carry out the fine guidance by second grade guide positioner again, improve the direction precision step by step to with battery package unit accurate guide to the reservation mounted position of loading part on.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the quick-change bracket further includes:

The secondary guide structure comprises a guide positioning taper pin and a guide positioning hole which is arranged on the battery pack unit and is matched with the guide positioning taper pin in shape;

when the battery pack unit is installed, the guide positioning taper pin stretches into the guide positioning hole so as to guide the battery pack unit to move to the battery pack position of the quick-change bracket.

In the scheme, in the descending process of the battery pack unit, the guiding locating taper pin is inserted into the guiding locating hole which is matched with the battery pack unit, so that the secondary guiding is conveniently completed, and the guiding locating structure is simple and easy to manufacture and process.

The invention also provides a power conversion method of the electric truck, which adopts any one of the power conversion systems of the electric truck and comprises the following steps:

s2, taking down the battery pack unit with the power shortage from the battery pack position of the quick-change bracket of the electric truck by the carrying vehicle, separating the bearing part from the battery pack unit, and transferring the battery pack unit with the power shortage to the charging frame for charging;

s3, the carrying vehicle takes off the full-power battery pack unit from the charging rack, and transfers the full-power battery pack unit to the battery pack position of the quick-change bracket, and at the moment, the battery pack unit is arranged on the bearing part and supplies power for the electric truck.

By using the electric truck power conversion method, the carrying vehicle is used for moving between the electric truck and the charging frame, and the battery pack unit is installed and removed, so that a special power conversion device, such as a chassis power conversion device or a lifting appliance power conversion device, is not required, the flexibility of power conversion operation is good, the field adaptability is high, and the power conversion system can be arranged at a position close to mining operation by moving the charging frame, thereby facilitating the timely power conversion of the electric vehicle and improving the operation efficiency of a mining area.

In the above technical solution, preferably, before step S2, the method further includes:

s1, waiting for the electric truck to be parked at the power exchange station.

In the scheme, through setting up the power conversion station that is used for parking the electric vehicle that needs the power conversion for the transport vehicle removes between two fixed positions, that is, power conversion station and charging frame, avoids the route change of transport vehicle transportation battery package unit, is favorable to improving the power conversion efficiency.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the step of removing the battery pack unit for power shortage from the quick-change bracket of the electric truck by the transport vehicle specifically includes:

the battery pack unit is lifted by the transport vehicle to be deficient, so that the battery pack unit is upwards separated from the pushing part of the locking hook, and the locking part of the locking hook rotates in a direction away from the locking surface of the battery pack unit, thereby unlocking the battery pack unit.

In the scheme, the operation of lifting the battery pack unit by the carrying vehicle is performed, so that the locking hook is used for completing unlocking operation, the unlocking operation and the lifting operation are combined, independent unlocking operation is not required to be executed, the unlocking mode is simple, the operation efficiency is high, a special unlocking mechanism with external power is not required, and the energy is saved.

In the above technical solution, preferably, before the step S2, the method for replacing electric power of the electric truck further includes:

s11, the carrying vehicle is in impact sliding connection with the unlocking rod of the bracket body, and the unlocking rod drives the second positioning locking part to be separated from the first positioning locking part, so that the locking hook is in an unlocking state.

In the above scheme, through transport vehicle striking unlocking lever, drive second location locking part and break away from first location locking part, thereby make the unblock that the locking couple can rotate to the unblock direction and accomplish the unblock of battery package along with the ascending process of battery package unit, through setting up in locking couple complex first location locking part and second location locking part, avoided the unexpected of electric vehicle in-process locking mechanism of traveling to open, moreover, when needs unblock, through striking unlocking lever, the breaking away from action of second location locking part combines the process at transport vehicle's vertical transport battery package unit, realize smooth unblock.

In the above technical solution, preferably, before step S11, the method further includes the steps of:

s10, the electric truck power conversion system acquires a power conversion starting signal and executes step S11.

In the scheme, the replacement power starting signal is set, so that the carrying vehicle can be timely informed, and the carrying vehicle enters the replacement power operation position in advance, so that the total duration of the replacement power operation is shortened.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the step S3 further includes the steps of:

and S4, the electric truck power conversion system sends a power conversion ending signal.

In the scheme, the replacement electricity ending signal is set to inform the electric vehicle that the replacement electricity operation is finished, so that the electric vehicle is prevented from moving prematurely, accidents are avoided, the electric vehicle can be reminded to leave a parking replacement electricity position, the replacement electricity position is reserved, and the subsequent queuing vehicle can start the replacement electricity operation as soon as possible.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, the step of transferring the full-charged battery pack unit to the battery pack position of the quick-change bracket specifically includes:

the carrying vehicle downwards places the battery pack unit, and the outer frame of the battery pack unit slides along the guide surface of the guide plate to guide;

The battery pack unit is placed downwards by the carrying vehicle, and the guide positioning taper pin arranged on the quick-change bracket extends into the guide positioning hole arranged at the bottom of the battery pack unit;

and the battery pack unit is placed in the battery pack position of the quick-change bracket until full electricity is supplied, so that the battery pack unit is arranged on the bearing part.

In the scheme, the first-stage guide structure is formed through the guide plate and the guide surface arranged on the guide plate, and the second-stage guide structure is formed through the guide positioning taper pin and the guide positioning hole, when the carrying vehicle descends along the vertical direction to install the battery pack unit, the first-stage guide structure carries out coarse guide, and then the second-stage guide structure carries out fine guide, so that the guide precision is improved step by step, the battery pack unit is precisely guided to the preset battery pack position of the bearing part, and the precision and efficiency of installing the battery pack unit are improved.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that above-mentioned at least one technical scheme that this description embodiment adopted can reach include at least:

the battery pack unit is replaced and transported between the charging frame and the electric truck by the carrier vehicle, the carrier vehicle can flexibly load and unload and move the battery pack unit, the power conversion system does not need to be provided with a power conversion device with a special structure, has a simple structure, adapts to complex operation environments, has low requirements on the area and flatness of the field, is beneficial to miniaturization of the charging station of the electric truck, is beneficial to flexibly building the charging station in an operation area, and is particularly suitable for mining operation environments with limited field areas; the electric mining truck has the advantages that the weight of the truck body is large, the load tonnage is large, the electric energy consumption is large, the charging system can be arranged nearby a mining operation area, the electric energy can be conveniently and timely supplied to the truck nearby, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a carrier vehicle for converting an electric mine card;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a power conversion system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of an electric mining card with a battery pack unit mounted thereto;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket of one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial top view schematic of a quick-change bracket of one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a side quick-change bracket in a locked state according to one embodiment, not shown;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial perspective view of a quick-change bracket in an unlocked state according to one embodiment;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of a battery pack unit;

fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a battery pack unit locked to a quick-change bracket according to an embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a battery pack locked to a quick-change bracket;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view, partially in section, of one embodiment along the axis of the locking pin;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a locking hook and mount assembly;

the electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a vehicle-end electric connector, 121, a floating assembly, 130, a locking mechanism, 131, a first through hole, 132, a locking hook, 133, a locking part, 134, a pushing part, 136, an avoiding part, 137, a torsion spring, 138, a spring, 140, an unlocking rod, 141, a locking pin, 142, a guide piece, 143, a connecting block, 144, a roller, 150, a primary guide structure, 151, a guide plate, 152, a guide surface, 161, a guide positioning taper pin, 170, a mounting seat, 171, a mounting plate, 172, a limiting plate, 174, a hinge shaft, 175, a second through hole, 2, a carrying vehicle, 211, a horizontal moving device, 212, a vertical moving device, 3, a charging frame, 4, a battery pack unit, 410, a groove, 420, a battery-end electric connector, 430 and a locking surface.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Other advantages and effects of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, when the following description of the embodiments is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the following claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present application, one skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways.

It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concepts of the application by way of example, and that only the components relevant to the application are shown in the drawings and are not drawn to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual practice.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The electric vehicle has the advantages of zero emission, high energy utilization rate and the like, is popularized and used in various transportation operation fields, and is suitable for the environment-friendly development concept of the green water Qingshan. The mining truck is a special vehicle used in a mining area, has high energy consumption, and can replace the traditional fuel oil with electric energy through electrified transformation, so that the emission is reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.

The common electric power supplementing mode of the electric mining truck is mainly divided into a charging type and a power changing type, because the operation time of a mining area is intensive, and the time for charging a large-capacity battery pack is long, the mining truck needs to be stopped in the charging process, the service efficiency of the mining truck is greatly reduced, a mining area charging station is established, a scheduling plan and a charging plan of a battery pack unit are strategically formulated, the frequency and the time of power changing operation are reasonably arranged for the mining truck, the power changing system of the whole mining area can be in an optimal operation state, the working efficiency of the mining area is improved, and the integral energy consumption of the mining area operation is reduced.

Along with the progress of mining operation, the mining position of a mining area can be changed, and at the moment, the transportation range of the electric mining truck can be changed along with the mining position, so that the charging device for the battery pack unit needs to be capable of timely changing the position so as to reduce the reciprocating charging position of the electric mining truck and the route of the transportation area; the mining area has complex operation environment, the site is leveled in time, and a large-scale charging device is not easy to establish; in addition, the operation environment of mining area is big, slag is many, and automatic change power equipment is installed to common automatic power station, and area is big, and the structure is complicated to the operational environment's of automation equipment requirement is high, uses easy trouble in the region that the dust is big, slag is many.

[ example 1 ]

The embodiment discloses an electric truck trades electric system, can provide the operation of changing the battery package unit in the vehicle for electric truck to the battery package that will change charges, and aforesaid electric truck is the electric mining truck. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the electric truck power conversion system includes a charging stand 3, a carrier vehicle 2, and an electric truck 1 that operates using a battery pack unit 4.

The carrying vehicle 2 is used for replacing the battery pack unit 4 for the quick-change bracket 100 arranged on the electric truck 1, the quick-change bracket 100 comprises a bracket body 110, the bracket body 110 is connected to a bottom girder of the electric truck 1, wherein the bracket body 110 comprises a bearing part 111 and a connecting part 113, a first end 114 of the connecting part is detachably connected with the bottom girder of the electric truck 1, and a second end 115 of the connecting part is connected with the bearing part 111.

By the above connection and by the structural design of the carrying part 111, the carrying part 111 is located below the bottom girder and forms at least one battery pack position 112 for placing the battery pack unit 4.

When the power exchanging operation is performed, the carrying vehicle 2 takes down the battery pack unit 4 with the power shortage along the vertical direction from the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100 of the electric vehicle 1, separates the battery pack unit 4 from the bearing part 111, transfers the battery pack unit 4 with the power shortage onto the charging rack 3 for charging, then takes down the battery pack unit 4 with the full power along the vertical direction from the charging rack 3, transfers the battery pack unit 4 to the electric truck 1 and loads the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100 along the vertical direction, and at this time, the battery pack unit 4 is arranged on the bearing part 111 for supplying power to the electric truck 1.

The following examples are discussed:

specifically, as shown in the electric truck 1 of fig. 1 to 3, for a mining transportation operation, referring to a common fuel mining truck, the original fuel tank position is replaced with a position where the battery pack unit 4 is installed, and the battery pack unit 4 is used to supply energy, and since the battery pack unit 4 is installed on the lower side surface of the electric truck 1, the transportation vehicle 2, such as a forklift truck, can be used to perform the replacement operation of the battery pack unit 4 from the side surface of the electric truck 1, that is, the transportation vehicle 2 removes the battery pack unit 4 with insufficient power from the side surface of the electric truck 1 and places the battery pack unit 4 on the charging rack 3 for charging, and then removes the battery pack unit 4 with power from the charging rack 3 and installs the battery pack unit on the electric truck 1.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the quick-change bracket 100 is mounted on a bottom girder of the electric vehicle 1, the quick-change bracket 100 includes a bracket body 110, a bearing part 111 and a connecting part 113 are provided on the bracket body 110, the bearing part 111 is composed of at least two cross beams 116, a fixing beam 117 for connecting the cross beams 116 is further provided between the cross beams 116, the direction of the fixing beam 117 is parallel to the direction of the bottom girder of the electric vehicle 1, a battery pack position 112 is formed in an upper area between the cross beams 116 for accommodating the battery pack unit 4, and the cross beams 116 support the battery pack unit 4 from below the battery pack unit 4. The connecting portion 113 is used for connecting the bracket body 110 to the bottom girder, and includes a first end 114 of the connecting portion and a second end 115 of the connecting portion, where the first end 114 of the connecting portion is detachably connected to the bottom girder of the electric truck 1, for example, by bolting, and the second end 115 of the connecting portion is connected to the carrying portion 111.

In other embodiments, the first end 114 of the joint may also be connected to the bottom girder by a fixed connection (e.g., welding), which is not described herein.

The carrier vehicle 2 is used to replace the battery pack unit 4 for the quick-change bracket 100 provided on the electric truck 1. Specifically, when the battery pack unit 4 on the electric truck 1 is removed, the carrying vehicle 2 runs to the side of the electric truck 1, approaches the battery pack unit 4 along the vertical direction of the straight line from the head to the tail of the electric truck 1, and takes a forklift as an example, the forklift runs close to the battery pack unit 4 from the vertical direction, lifts the battery pack unit 4 with fork teeth, removes the battery pack unit 4 with power shortage along the vertical direction, separates the battery pack unit 4 from the carrying part 111, then transports the battery pack unit 4 to the charging frame 3, and places the battery pack unit 4 on the charging station of the charging frame 3 for charging; then, the fork teeth of the forklift fork the battery pack unit 4 full of electricity in the charging frame 3, and transport the battery pack unit 4 to the side of the electric truck 1, the full battery pack unit 4 is put under the goods bucket of the electric truck, the fork teeth are lowered, the battery pack unit 4 is vertically loaded in the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100 and fixed on the bearing part 111, the electric truck 1 is powered, and the power changing operation is finished.

The quick-change bracket 100 for carrying the battery pack unit 4 is connected to the bottom girder of the electric truck 1 through the connecting part 113, and two areas for carrying the battery pack unit 4 are formed below the bottom girder of the electric truck 1 along the length direction of the bottom girder, wherein the two areas are positioned on two sides of the bottom girder, when the battery pack unit 4 is replaced, the carrying vehicle 2 is installed, dismounted and carried between the electric truck 1 and the charging frame 3, and the battery pack unit 4 is carried, and the battery change system uses the carrying vehicle 2 to carry out the battery change operation without building special battery change devices, such as chassis battery change devices or lifting appliance battery change devices.

Preferably, the battery pack position 112 is located at a position between the front and rear wheels of the electric truck 1.

By providing the battery pack positions 112 on both sides of the electric truck 1, not only can the installation space below the electric truck be effectively utilized and the electric energy capacity be improved, but also the weight allocation on the left and right sides of the electric truck can be balanced.

As shown in fig. 5, 7 and 8, the electric truck power conversion system further includes a pair of car end electric connectors 120 and a battery end electric connector 420 that are correspondingly disposed, wherein the car end electric connectors 120 are disposed on the upper surface of the bearing portion 111 of the quick-change bracket 100, in this embodiment, the car end electric connectors 120 are disposed on the upper surface of the cross beam 116, that is, towards one side of the battery pack unit 4, and meanwhile, the battery end electric connectors 420 are disposed below the battery pack unit 4.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the quick-change bracket 100 is further provided with a floating assembly 121, specifically, the floating assembly 121 is mounted on the upper surface of the carrying portion 111, that is, the surface of the carrying portion 111 facing the battery pack unit 4, and the vehicle-end electrical connector 120 is mounted on the floating assembly 121, that is, the vehicle-end electrical connector 120 is mounted on the upper surface of the carrying portion 111 through the floating assembly 121 and faces the lower side of the battery pack unit 4, and the floating assembly 121 can enable the vehicle-end electrical connector 120 to float along a horizontal plane.

By mounting the vehicle-end electrical connector 120 on the floating assembly 121, a horizontal floating displacement is provided for the vehicle-end electrical connector 120, and the vehicle-end electrical connector 120 can float in four horizontal directions in the front-back, left-right and left-right directions in the electrical connection process, so that the relative position with the battery-end electrical connector 420 can be automatically adjusted, and stable electrical connection between the electrical connectors can be formed.

The carrier vehicle 2 includes a horizontal moving device 212 and a vertical moving device 211, which are connected to each other, the vertical moving device being connected to the pick-and-place mechanism, the horizontal moving device being for horizontally moving the battery pack unit 4, the vertical moving device being for vertically moving the battery pack unit 4.

Specifically, the carrying vehicle 2 is a forklift truck, and the forklift truck comprises a truck body, a ground-contacting travelling mechanism, a lifting mechanism and fork teeth, wherein the lifting mechanism and the fork teeth are connected to the truck body and drive the truck body to move, and the fork teeth are connected to the lifting end of the lifting mechanism and move in the vertical direction under the drive of the lifting end. The horizontal moving device 212 refers to a traveling mechanism, more specifically, wheels connected to a driving mechanism, the vertical moving device 211 refers to a lifting mechanism, more specifically, a gantry connected to the lifting driving mechanism, and the pick-and-place mechanism refers to a fork, wherein the fork is mounted on the gantry and can move in a vertical direction on the gantry.

By providing the horizontal movement device 212 and the vertical movement device 211 on the transport vehicle 2, the relative positions of the battery pack unit 4 and the carrying portion 111 can be adjusted, facilitating the attachment and detachment of the battery pack unit 4 from the vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the lower end surface of the battery pack unit 4 is provided with a recess 410 recessed upward, i.e., in the direction of the upper end surface, the recess 410 being matched with the shape of the pick-and-place mechanism of the carrying vehicle 2, the recess 410 being used to fix the battery pack unit 4 with the pick-and-place mechanism of the carrying vehicle 2, and when the power change operation is performed, the pick-and-place mechanism of the carrying vehicle 2 being inserted into the recess 410 and driving the battery pack unit 4 to move.

The lower terminal surface of battery package unit 4 is seted up flutedly, and the recess extends to the opposite side from one side of battery package unit 4 to the upwards sunken fork truck's prong that can hold, the degree of depth and the width of recess and the size matching of prong prevent that battery package unit from falling off from unexpected fork truck. When the forklift is used for power exchange operation, the fork teeth are inserted into the grooves to fix the battery pack unit 4, and the actions of lifting, putting down and horizontally moving the battery pack unit 4 are performed.

The forklift may be a forklift driven by a driver, or may be an automatic control AGV forklift.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the quick-change holder 100 is provided with a lock mechanism 130, and correspondingly, as shown in fig. 8, the battery pack unit 4 is provided with a lock surface, and the battery pack unit 4 is locked by abutting and contacting the lock surface by the lock mechanism 130. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 to 9, the locking mechanism 130 includes a locking hook 132, the locking hook 132 is rotatably connected to a side surface of the beam 116 of the bracket body 110 through a hinge shaft and an installation seat 150, the installation seat includes two installation plates 171 disposed parallel to each other on the side surface of the beam 116 and a limiting plate 172 whose two ends are respectively connected to the corresponding side installation plates 171, the locking hook 132 is rotatably connected between the two installation plates 171 through the hinge shaft 174, a pressing part 134 and a locking part 133 are provided on the locking hook 132, the pressing part 134 is used for abutting against the battery pack unit 4, and the locking part 133 is provided at one end of the locking hook 132 far from the bracket body 110. The first end of the pushing part 134 is fixedly connected to the end of the locking hook 132 away from the battery pack 4, and the second end of the pushing part 134 faces the lower end surface of the battery pack 4 and is disposed on the descent path of the battery pack 4. When the battery pack unit 4 is mounted, in the process that the battery pack unit 4 is placed down on the bracket body 110, the lower end surface of the battery pack unit 4 pushes the pushing part 134 downward, so as to drive the locking hook 132 to rotate along the locking part 133 in a direction (a direction in fig. 10, namely, a locking direction) approaching the lower end surface of the battery pack 4, the locking part 133 gradually approaches and finally abuts against the locking surface 430 of the battery pack unit 4, and the battery pack unit 4 is fixed. When the battery pack unit 4 is removed, the transport vehicle 2 drives the battery pack unit 4 to vertically rise, the downward pressure on the pressing portion 134 is released, the lock hook 132 rotates in the direction (direction B in fig. 10, i.e., unlocking direction) in which the lock portion 133 is away from the lower end face of the battery pack 4, the lock portion 133 is disengaged from the lock face 430, and the lock hook 132 abuts on the stopper plate 172, and unlocking is completed.

By providing the rotatable locking hooks 132, wherein the locking hooks 132 are provided with the locking parts 133 and the pushing parts 134 respectively, the pushing parts 134 are arranged on the descending path of the battery pack 4, when the battery pack unit 4 is installed, the pushing parts 134 follow the descending of the battery pack 4 to drive the locking hooks 132 to rotate towards the locking direction, and finally the locking parts 133 are matched and abutted with the locking surfaces 430 of the battery pack unit 4 to lock the battery pack; when the battery pack 4 is removed, the downward pressure of the battery pack 4 on the pressing portion 134 is gradually released, and the lock hook 132 is rotated in the unlocking direction to unlock the battery pack. The locking and unlocking operations are convenient, and the equipment structure is simple.

As shown in fig. 4 to 9, the locking mechanism 130 further includes an unlocking lever 140 and a first reset element, which are slidably connected to the bracket body 110, the locking hook 132 is provided with a first positioning locking portion, and a second positioning locking portion is provided at a position of the unlocking lever 140 corresponding to the first positioning locking portion;

when the locking hook 132 is in the locking state, the first positioning locking part and the second positioning locking part are in a locking matching state;

when the locking hook 132 is in the unlocking state, the first positioning locking portion and the second positioning locking portion are in the separated state, and the locking hook 132 abuts against the limiting plate 172.

Wherein, the two ends of the first reset element are respectively connected to the bracket body 110 and the locking hook 132, so as to provide an acting force for switching the locking state to the unlocking state for the locking hook 132.

Specifically, the locking mechanism 130 includes a horizontally arranged unlocking rod 140, the unlocking rod 140 is slidably connected to the bracket body 110, as shown in fig. 7, the guiding element 142 may be sleeved on the unlocking rod 140, and the guiding element 142 is fixed on the bearing part 111 and is perpendicular to the bottom girder of the electric truck 1; the lock pin 141 is provided, and the first restoring member is a torsion spring 137 (as shown in fig. 12) fitted around the hinge shaft 174, a first end of the torsion spring abuts against the mounting plate 171, and a second end of the torsion spring 137 abuts against an inner side of the locking hook 132 (i.e., a right side of the locking hook 132 in fig. 7). Meanwhile, the locking hook 132 is further provided with a first through hole 131 (as shown in fig. 11 and 12), the two mounting plates 171 are provided with second through holes 175, and the two second through holes 175 and the first through hole 131 are coaxially arranged. When the locking hook 132 is in a locking state, that is, the locking part 133 is abutted against the locking surface 430 of the battery pack unit 4, the locking pin 141 is inserted into the first through hole 131 and the second through hole 175 to realize locking, and the locking hook 132 is prevented from rotating; or when the unlocking lever 140 is pushed by an external force, the locking pin 141 withdraws from the first through hole 131, and the locking hook 132 is not limited by the locking pin 141 and rotates in the unlocking direction until abutting on the limiting plate 172 under the action of the elastic restoring force provided by the torsion spring.

The following linkage is realized among the locking hook 132, the unlocking rod 140 and the battery pack unit 4:

when the battery pack unit 4 is mounted, the battery pack unit 4 descends from above the bracket body 110, and during the descending, the pressing part 134 contacts and presses down the pressing part 134, and the pressing part 134 drives the locking hook 132 to rotate (the locking direction of the locking hook 132, the direction a in fig. 10) during the descending, and the torsion spring is gradually twisted, so that the locking part 133 on the locking hook 132 approaches to the direction of the battery pack unit 4 and finally abuts against the locking surface 430 of the battery pack unit 4; then, the unlocking lever 140 is slid in the direction of the bottom girder toward the side of the vehicle (the C direction in fig. 6) such that the locking pin 141 on the unlocking lever 140 is locked in cooperation with the first through hole 131 and the second through hole 175 on the locking hook 132 (as shown in fig. 11), thereby preventing the locking hook 132 from freely rotating, and thus firmly locking the battery pack unit 4.

When the battery pack unit 4 is removed, first, the lock release lever 140 is slid in a direction (D direction in fig. 6) in which the vehicle side faces the bottom girder, the engaged locking state of the lock pin 141 on the lock release lever 140 and the first through hole 131 on the lock catch 132 is released, then, the battery pack unit 4 is lifted upward, for example, by performing a lifting operation using a forklift, the pushing part 134 is lifted up following the battery 200, the lock catch 132 is rotated in the unlock direction by the urging force provided by the torsion spring, so that the lock part 133 is disengaged from the lock surface 430 on the battery pack unit 4, the battery pack is unlocked, and finally, is abutted against the limit plate 172. The forklift can remove and transport the battery pack unit 4, and when the forklift moves the battery pack unit 4 and no longer abuts against the unlocking lever 140, the locking pin 141 of the unlocking lever 140 only penetrates the second through hole 175.

By arranging the unlocking lever 140 and the first positioning locking part and the second positioning locking part which are matched with each other, after the battery pack unit is fixed by the locking hook, the first positioning locking part and the second positioning locking part are matched and locked, so that the locking hook 132 is prevented from rotating towards the unlocking direction; when unlocking, the unlocking rod 140 is pushed to separate the first positioning locking part from the second positioning locking part, so that the locking hook 132 can rotate towards the unlocking direction along with the ascending movement of the battery pack unit 4, the unlocking process is smoothly completed, and a locking structure capable of preventing accidental unlocking is formed through the linkage between the structure setting and the components.

In order to realize the guiding of the battery pack unit in the horizontal direction during the placement of the battery pack unit in the quick-change bracket, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the quick-change bracket 100 further includes a primary guiding structure 150, wherein the primary guiding structure 150 is installed at a corner of the carrying portion 111, that is, a corner of the carrying portion 111 corresponding to the battery pack position 112, for primary positioning of the battery pack unit 4.

Specifically, the first guiding structure 150 includes eight guiding plates 151 and guiding surfaces 152 disposed on the guiding plates 151, where the guiding plates 151 are vertically disposed on the bearing portion 111. The guide surface 152 is disposed at an end of the guide plate 151 remote from the bearing part 111 and is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane for sliding contact with the outer surface of the battery pack unit 4 to horizontally guide the battery pack unit 4 to move into the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100.

Wherein, eight guide plates 151 are grouped into two groups, each group is arranged at one end of the beam 116 on two sides far away from the side surface of the electric truck 1 and at the connecting position of the beam 116 and the fixed beam 117, and the two guide plates 151 in each group are mutually perpendicular. When the battery pack 4 is lowered, the guide surface 152 of the upper end of the guide plate 151 is in sliding contact with the outer corner position of the battery pack 4 to provide horizontal guide.

Through setting up deflector 151 and the guide surface 152 on it, when the battery package unit 4 descends vertically, realize the cooperation direction through the mode with the surface sliding contact of battery package unit, guide battery package unit 4 horizontal migration to directly over the portion 111 that bears, accomplish the coarse positioning in the horizontal direction, this location simple structure easily manufacturing and processing.

In order to further improve the guiding effect of the battery pack unit in the horizontal direction during the placement of the battery pack unit in the quick-change bracket, the quick-change bracket 100 further comprises a secondary guiding structure on the basis of the primary guiding structure 150, and the secondary guiding structure is mounted on the upper surface of the bearing part 111 for performing secondary positioning on the battery pack unit 4.

Through setting up secondary guide structure on the basis of primary guide structure 150, when carrier vehicle 2 descends along vertical direction and installs battery package unit, carry out coarse guidance by primary guide structure 150, carry out the fine guidance by secondary guide positioner again, improve the direction precision step by step to with the accurate battery package position 112 of leading to carrier 111 with battery package unit 4 in.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the secondary guiding structure includes a guiding and positioning taper pin 161, and correspondingly, as shown in fig. 8, a guiding and positioning hole 461 is provided on the lower end surface of the battery pack unit 4, and the guiding and positioning hole 461 is matched with the guiding and positioning taper pin 161 in shape. When the battery pack unit 4 is mounted, the guide positioning taper pin 161 is inserted into the guide positioning hole to guide the battery pack unit 4 to move to the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100.

In the descending process of the battery pack unit, the guiding and positioning taper pin 161 is inserted into the guiding and positioning hole 461 correspondingly arranged in the battery pack unit 4, so that the secondary fine guiding is conveniently completed, and the guiding and positioning structure is simple and easy to manufacture and process.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment also provides a power conversion method of an electric truck, which adopts any one of the power conversion systems of the electric truck, and comprises the following steps:

step S1, waiting for the electric truck 1 to park at a power exchange station;

through setting up the power conversion station that is used for parking the electric vehicle 1 that needs the power conversion for the transport vehicle 2 removes between two fixed positions, that is, power conversion station and charging frame 3, avoids the route change of transport vehicle 2 transportation battery package unit, is favorable to improving the power conversion efficiency.

Step S2, the transport vehicle 2 removes the battery pack unit 4 with power shortage from the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100 of the electric truck 1, separates the carrying part 111 from the battery pack unit 4, and transfers the battery pack unit 4 with power shortage to the charging rack 3 for charging;

in step S3, the carrying vehicle 2 removes the full battery pack unit 4 from the charging rack 3, and transfers the full battery pack unit 4 to the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100, and the battery pack unit 4 is disposed on the carrying portion 111 to supply power to the electric truck 1.

Specifically, the carrying vehicle 2 includes a forklift, the electric truck 1 is an electric mine truck, and the bottom girder of the electric mine truck is provided with a quick-change bracket 100 for installing a battery pack unit 4 between the front wheel and the rear wheel of the electric mine truck. When the battery pack unit 4 on the electric mine card is removed, the forklift runs to the side of the electric vehicle 1 and approaches the battery pack unit 4, the forklift stretches into a groove on the lower end surface of the battery pack unit 4 by using fork teeth and supports the battery pack unit 4, the battery pack unit 4 with insufficient power is taken down along the vertical direction, the battery pack unit 4 is separated from the bearing part 111, then the forklift transfers the battery pack unit 4 to the charging frame 3, and the battery pack unit 4 is placed on a charging station of the charging frame 3 for charging; then, the forklift forks the battery pack unit 4 full of electricity in the charging rack 3, and transports the battery pack unit 4 to the side of the electric mine card, and the battery pack unit 4 is placed on the bearing part 111 in a descending manner along the vertical direction from the side of the electric mine card, namely, the battery pack unit 4 full of electricity is put into the battery pack position 112 to supply power for the electric mine card, and the electricity exchanging operation is finished.

By using the electric truck power conversion method, the carrying vehicle 2 is used for moving between the electric truck 1 and the charging frame 3, and the battery pack unit 4 is installed and removed, so that a special power conversion device, such as a chassis power conversion device or a lifting appliance power conversion device, is not needed, the whole power conversion process is completed through the operation action of a forklift, the flexibility is good, the field adaptability is high, the power conversion system can be arranged at a position close to mining operation through moving the charging frame, the timely power conversion of the electric vehicle is facilitated, and the operation efficiency of a mining area is improved.

The step of removing the battery pack unit 4 of the electric vehicle 2 from the quick-change bracket 100 of the electric truck 1 specifically includes:

the transport vehicle 2 lifts the battery pack unit 4 of the insufficient power so that the battery pack unit 4 is lifted off the pressing portion 134 of the lock hook 132, and the lock portion 133 of the lock hook 132 is rotated in a direction away from the lock surface 430 of the battery pack unit 4, thereby unlocking the battery pack unit 4.

Through the operation of carrying vehicle 2 lifting battery package unit 4 for locking couple 132 accomplishes the unblock operation, combines unblock action and lifting action to accomplish, need not to carry out independent unblock operation, and the unblock mode is simple, and the operating efficiency is high, does not need special external power's release mechanism moreover, saves the energy.

The method for changing power of the electric truck further comprises, before step S2 and between steps S1 and S2:

s10, a power change system of the electric truck 1 acquires a power change starting signal and executes a step S11;

by setting the power exchange start signal, the carrying vehicle can be timely notified, so that the carrying vehicle enters the power exchange operation position in advance, and the total time of the power exchange operation is shortened.

S11, the carrying vehicle 2 impacts an unlocking rod which is connected to the bracket body 110 in a sliding manner, and the unlocking rod 140 drives the second positioning locking part to be separated from the first positioning locking part, so that the locking hook 132 is in an unlocking state.

The second positioning and locking part is driven to be separated from the first positioning and locking part by the impact of the carrying vehicle 2 on the unlocking rod 140, so that the locking hook can rotate towards the unlocking direction; through setting up in locking couple complex first location locking part and second location locking part, avoided the unexpected of electric vehicle in-process locking mechanism to open, moreover, when needs unblock, through striking unlocking lever, combine the motion that breaks away from of second location locking part in the motion process of handling vehicle to save the unblock time.

More preferably, step S3 further comprises the steps of:

s4, the power conversion system of the electric truck 1 sends a power conversion ending signal.

By setting the power change ending signal, the electric vehicle is informed that the power change operation is finished, so that the electric vehicle is prevented from moving too early, accidents are avoided, the electric vehicle can be reminded to drive away from the parking power change position, and the power change position is yielded, so that the subsequent queuing vehicles can start the power change operation as soon as possible.

Specifically, the step of transferring the full battery pack unit 4 to the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change stand 100 specifically includes:

the carrying vehicle 2 is downwards provided with the battery pack unit 4, and the outer frame of the battery pack unit 4 slides along the guide surface 152 of the guide plate 151 for guiding;

the carrying vehicle 2 is downwards provided with the battery pack unit 4, and the guide positioning taper pin 161 arranged on the quick-change bracket 100 extends into the guide positioning hole 461 arranged at the bottom of the battery pack unit 4;

the battery pack unit 4 up to full power is placed in the battery pack position 112 of the quick-change bracket 100, so that the battery pack unit 4 is disposed on the carrying part 111.

The primary guide structure 150 is formed by the guide plate 151 and the guide surface 152, and the secondary guide structure is formed by the guide positioning taper pin 161 and the guide positioning hole 261, when the carrying vehicle 2 descends along the vertical direction to install the battery pack unit 4, the primary guide structure 150 carries out coarse guide, and then the secondary guide positioning device carries out fine guide, so that the guide precision is improved step by step, the battery pack unit 4 is precisely guided to the preset installation position of the bearing part 111, and the precision and efficiency of installing the battery pack unit 4 are improved.

[ example 2 ]

Example 2 discloses another embodiment of an electric truck power conversion system, example 2 based on example 1, the electric truck power conversion system further comprising a guide providing a guiding function for the unlocking lever 140, and a spring providing a restoring function.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the quick-change bracket 100 further includes a guide member 142 and a spring 138, where the guide member 142 is fixed on a side surface of the beam 116, and a guide hole is formed in the guide member 142, and the guide hole is used for slidably mounting the unlocking rod 140, and specifically, the guide member includes a straight cylinder and a connecting plate that are connected with each other, where the section of the straight cylinder is C-shaped, and the C-shaped opening of the straight cylinder is far away from the connecting plate. That is, the guide hole forming the guide 142 is a "C" -shaped hole, and the shape of the guide hole matches the cross-sectional shape of the unlocking lever 140, and the unlocking lever 140 is inserted into the guide hole and can reciprocate along the axial direction of the guide hole. As shown in fig. 7, the unlocking lever 140 is fixedly connected to the locking pin 141 through the connection block 143, and the axis of the locking pin 141 is parallel to the axis of the unlocking lever 140. The locking pin 141 is driven to move by sliding the unlocking lever 140 in the guide hole, thereby locking or unlocking the locking hook 10. The unlocking lever 140 is perpendicular to the bottom girder of the electric truck 1. As shown in fig. 7, the spring 138 is sleeved outside the unlocking lever 140, and two ends of the spring 138 are respectively abutted against the connecting block 143 and the guide 142.

In the above-described structure, when the lock-release lever 140 is not subjected to the external pushing force, the spring 138 pushes the connection block 143, so that the lock-release lever 140 slides in the first locking direction (the direction along the bottom girder toward the vehicle side, the direction C in fig. 6), so that the lock pin 141 enters the first through hole 131, and is fixed in the first through hole 131 by the elastic force of the spring 138. When the unlocking lever 140 receives an external pushing force, for example, an impact pushing force from a forklift, the unlocking lever 140 is caused to slide in a first unlocking direction (a direction along the side of the vehicle toward the bottom girder, a direction D in fig. 6), the unlocking lever 140 presses the spring, the lock pin 141 is withdrawn from the first through hole 131, the locked state of the locking hook 132 is released, and the locking hook 132 can be caused to rotate in a direction away from the battery pack 4 by the restoring force of the torsion spring 137, unlocking the battery pack 4.

The spring 138 sleeved on the unlocking rod 140 provides restoring force for the unlocking rod 140, after the battery pack unit 4 is locked, a reset structure with compact and simple structure is provided, the lock pin 141 is fixed on the first through hole 131, and the locking hook 132 is prevented from rotating accidentally, so that the locking is kept stable and reliable.

Preferably, the end of the unlocking lever 140 facing the side of the body of the electric truck 1 is further provided with a roller 144.

By providing the roller 144 on the unlocking lever 140, friction between the unlocking lever 140 and the forklift is reduced.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment also provides a power conversion method of an electric truck, which adopts the power conversion system of the electric truck shown in the embodiment, the carrying vehicle is a forklift, and the power conversion method of the electric truck comprises the following steps:

step S1, waiting for the electric truck 1 to park at a power exchange station;

Specifically, when the battery pack unit 4 on the electric truck 1 is removed, the carrying vehicle 2 runs to the side of the electric vehicle 1, the forklift bumps against the unlocking lever 140, the spring 137 is compressed, the lock pin 141 withdraws from the first through hole 131, the fork teeth hold up the battery pack unit 4, the battery pack unit 4 with the power shortage is taken down in the vertical direction, at this time, the locking hook 132 rotates in the unlocking direction under the restoring force of the torsion spring 137, the locking part 133 leaves the locking surface 430 of the battery pack unit 4, the forklift continues to lift the battery pack unit 4 in the vertical direction to separate from the bearing part 111, and then the forklift transfers the battery pack unit 4 to the charging frame 3, and places the battery pack unit 4 on the charging station of the charging frame 3 for charging; then, the fork of the forklift lifts the full battery pack unit 4 from the charging rack 3, and transports the battery pack unit 4 to the side of the electric truck 1, and impacts the unlocking lever 140 again, so that the locking pin 141 is not located in the first through hole 131 and the second through hole 175, and then the battery pack unit 4 is placed on the bearing part 111 in a downward vertical direction, in the process of the battery pack unit 4 being lowered, the pushing part 134 is abutted and pressed down, the locking hook 132 overcomes the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring 137, rotates along with the lowering of the battery pack unit 4, and finally the locking part 133 abuts against the locking surface 430, when the carrying vehicle 2 leaves, the pushing force on the unlocking lever 140 is eliminated, and under the action of the elastic force of the spring 137, the locking pin 141 enters the first through hole 131 and the second through hole 175, so that the locking is fixed, the battery pack unit 4 supplies power to the electric truck 1, and the power exchanging operation is finished.

The beneficial effects of the electric truck power conversion method described above may refer to the effects of the electric truck power conversion system in embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.

[ example 3 ]

Embodiment 3 discloses another specific embodiment of a power conversion system of an electric truck, and embodiment 2 is further provided with a supporting inclined plane (not shown in the figure) at a position of the limiting plate 172 corresponding to the abutting position of the locking hook 132 on the basis of embodiment 1, and the supporting inclined plane is used for contacting with a forming surface of the locking hook 132, so that the contact area between the locking hook 132 and the limiting plate 172 is increased, and the contact pressure is reduced.

Specifically, the upper end of the limiting plate 172 is provided with a supporting inclined surface inclined toward one side of the locking hook 132, and the inclined angle is the same as the inclined angle in the vertical direction when the locking hook 132 is located at the unlocking position, so that the other side of the locking hook 132 opposite to the locking portion 133 abuts against the supporting inclined surface.

Through set up the support inclined plane on the limiting plate 172 for when the unblock state, the locking couple 132 is more firm with the fixing of limiting plate 172.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment also provides a power conversion method for an electric truck, and the specific steps of the power conversion method for the electric truck in the embodiment can be referred to the steps of the power conversion method for the electric truck in the foregoing embodiment, and the beneficial effects of the power conversion method for the electric truck can be referred to the effects of the power conversion system for the electric truck in the foregoing embodiment, which are not repeated herein.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily conceivable by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The electric truck power exchanging system is characterized by comprising a charging rack and a carrying vehicle, wherein the carrying vehicle is used for exchanging a battery pack unit for a quick-change bracket arranged on the electric truck;

2. The electric truck power conversion system of claim 1 wherein there are two battery packs located on each side of the bottom girder along the length of the bottom girder.

3. The electric truck power conversion system according to claim 2, wherein a vehicle-end electrical connector is provided on an upper surface of the bearing portion of the quick-change bracket, and the vehicle-end electrical connector is electrically connected with the battery-end electrical connector of the battery pack unit in a vertical direction.

4. The electric truck power conversion system of claim 3 wherein the quick-change bracket further comprises a floating assembly by which the vehicle-end electrical connector is floatingly mounted to an upper surface of the carrier.

5. The electric truck power conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the lower end face of the battery pack unit is provided with an upward concave groove, the groove is matched with the picking and placing mechanism of the carrying vehicle in shape, and the picking and placing mechanism of the carrying vehicle is inserted into the groove and drives the battery pack unit to move.

6. The electric truck power conversion system of claim 5, wherein the carrier vehicle includes a horizontal movement device and a vertical movement device connected to each other, the vertical movement device being connected to the pick-and-place mechanism;

7. The electric truck power conversion system according to claim 5, wherein a locking mechanism is provided on the quick-change bracket, and a locking surface is provided on the battery pack unit;

8. The electric truck power conversion system according to claim 7, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises an unlocking rod slidingly connected to the bracket body, a first positioning locking part is arranged on the locking hook, and a second positioning locking part is arranged at a position of the unlocking rod corresponding to the first positioning locking part;

9. The electric truck power conversion system of claim 5, wherein the quick-change bracket further comprises a primary guide structure, wherein the primary guide structure is mounted at a corner of the carrier portion corresponding to a battery pack position for primary positioning of the battery pack unit.

10. The electric truck power conversion system according to claim 9, wherein the first guide structure comprises a guide plate vertically arranged on the bearing part, and a guide surface matched with and guided by the outer surface of the battery pack unit is arranged at one end of the guide plate away from the bearing part;

11. The electric truck power conversion system of claim 9, wherein the quick-change bracket further comprises a secondary guide structure mounted to an upper surface of the carrier portion for secondary positioning of the battery pack unit.

12. The electric truck power conversion system of claim 11, wherein the quick-change bracket further comprises:

13. A method for changing power of an electric truck, characterized in that the electric truck power changing system according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is adopted, comprising the following steps:

14. The method for replacing electric power for an electric truck according to claim 13, characterized in that said step S2 further comprises, before:

S1, waiting for the electric truck to be parked at the power exchange station.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of removing the battery pack unit for the power shortage from the quick change bracket of the electric truck by the carrier vehicle comprises:

16. The electric truck power conversion method according to claim 15, characterized in that, before the step S2, the electric truck power conversion method further comprises:

17. The method for replacing electric power for an electric truck according to claim 16, characterized in that said step S11 further comprises the step of:

18. The method for replacing electric power for an electric truck according to claim 17, characterized by further comprising the step of, after said step S3:

19. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of transferring the full battery pack unit to the battery pack position of the quick-change bracket specifically comprises: