CN112455280A

CN112455280A - Battery-replacing and charging system for electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN112455280A
Application number: CN202011467000.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高宇清; 王卫; 叶高高; 樊瑞; 吴鹏
Original assignee: Zeqingxin Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zeqingxin Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-14
Filing date: 2020-12-14
Publication date: 2021-03-09

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery replacement and charging system for an electric automobile, and belongs to the technical field of battery replacement and charging for electric automobiles. The electric automobile battery replacement charging system comprises a battery replacement platform, wherein a traveling mechanism and a battery locking and unlocking mechanism lifting mechanism are arranged on the battery replacement platform; the battery locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body through a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the battery locking and unlocking mechanism to a battery replacement position; the battery locking and unlocking mechanism is used for locking and unlocking the battery assembly; the battery storage rack is arranged on a motion path of the walking mechanism, and a charging platform is arranged on the battery storage rack; and the battery grabbing mechanism is arranged on one side of the battery storage rack and is used for placing the unlocked battery assembly on the charging platform. Through the cooperation motion of trading electric platform, charging platform and battery storage frame, realize the automatic uninstallation of battery assembly, automatic charging and automatic installation, can reduce personnel intensity of labour, improve electric automobile's the efficiency of trading, improve user experience.

Description

Battery-replacing and charging system for electric automobile

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile battery replacement and charging, and particularly relates to a battery replacement and charging system for an electric automobile

Background

With the gradual improvement of environmental awareness of people, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the traditional energy automobile is more and more emphasized, and therefore, the new energy automobile is produced at the same time. At present, as one of new energy vehicles, electric vehicles have been gradually accepted by the public. For an electric automobile, charging of a charging pile and replacement of a battery are two ways for realizing the endurance of the electric automobile. The battery replacement is to replace the battery to be charged on the vehicle, take out the charged battery from the battery charging rack to replace the battery to be charged, and place the battery to be charged in the charging cavity for charging. However, since the battery of the electric vehicle is generally transported to the charging chamber by the transporting equipment such as the forklift, and the inlet of the charging chamber is highly matched with the size of the battery, the battery can be accurately transported into the charging chamber from the inlet only by the skilled operation of the operator, if the battery cannot be placed once, the battery is dislocated with the inlet, and the battery has to be transported by multiple adjustments, which seriously affects the working efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new battery charging system for an electric vehicle to solve or partially solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Problems to be solved

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and long time consumption in the existing electric vehicle charging and battery replacing process, the invention provides the electric vehicle battery replacing and charging system, which realizes automatic unloading, automatic charging and automatic installation of a battery assembly through the matching motion of a battery replacing platform, a charging platform and a battery storage frame, has high automation degree, can reduce the labor intensity of personnel, improve the battery replacing efficiency of an electric vehicle, reduce the waiting time of a driver and improve the user experience.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides an electric automobile battery replacement charging system, which comprises:

the battery replacing platform comprises a vehicle body, and a traveling mechanism and a battery locking and unlocking mechanism lifting mechanism which are arranged on the vehicle body; the movement path of the walking mechanism passes through the electricity changing platform to reach the position below the electricity changing position; the battery locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body through a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the battery locking and unlocking mechanism to a battery replacement position; the battery locking and unlocking mechanism is used for locking and unlocking the battery assembly;

the battery storage rack is arranged on a motion path of the walking mechanism, and a plurality of charging platforms are arranged on the battery storage rack; the charging platform is used for charging the battery assembly with insufficient power; and

the battery grabbing mechanism is arranged on one side of the battery storage rack and used for placing the unlocked battery assembly on the charging platform.

In some embodiments, the charging platform comprises:

the first positioning part is provided with a jacking part used for limiting the battery assembly;

a second positioning part, wherein a reset mechanism is arranged between the second positioning part and the first positioning part; the first positioning part and the second positioning part have a certain interval in the height direction;

a first guide portion that passes through the first positioning portion and is provided on the second positioning portion; the front end of the first guide part penetrates out of the first positioning part, and a guide groove is formed in the first guide part; the groove length direction of the guide groove is inclined relative to the horizontal plane; and

the charging positioning part is used for fixing a charging connector matched with a charging interface of the battery assembly; the connecting end of the charging positioning part is movably arranged in the guide groove.

In some embodiments, the charging positioning portion is slidably connected to the first positioning portion.

In some embodiments, a third positioning portion is arranged at the upper end of the first positioning portion, and one end of the first guide portion also penetrates out of the third positioning portion; horizontal sliding rails arranged on the third positioning part are further arranged on two sides of the first guide part;

the charging positioning part comprises a plate-shaped body, and the plate-shaped body is bent towards one side to form a transverse plate; the horizontal sliding rail is connected with the bottom of the transverse plate through a sliding horizontal sliding block.

In some embodiments, the battery locking and unlocking mechanism includes:

the lifting mechanism comprises a first mounting part and an unlocking device, wherein the first mounting part is floatingly mounted on the lifting mechanism, the unlocking device comprises a limiting part and a trigger, and the limiting part is movably arranged on the first mounting part through a first driving source; and

the trigger of fixed setting on first installation department, the trigger is used for lifting mechanism lifts the in-process, triggers the locker of setting on battery assembly, first driving source is used for the drive joint to add the unblock in the spacing portion of battery assembly.

In some embodiments, a middle portion of the first mounting portion is hinged to the upper end of the lifting mechanism; the head and the tail of the first installation part are both elastically connected with the upper end of the lifting mechanism through elastic pieces.

In some embodiments, the upper surface of the first mounting part is provided with a pair of slide rails, and the slide rails are connected with the second mounting part in a sliding manner through the first driving source; the limiting part comprises a movable clamping support;

a movable clamping support is arranged on the second mounting part; the first driving source drives the second mounting portion to linearly move in the slide rail.

In some embodiments, the position limiting portion further comprises a fixing clip holder, and the fixing clip holder is mounted on the first mounting portion; the movable clamp support is installed on the edge of the second installation part, the movable clamp support is provided with a convex column extending out of the fixture block body, and the front end of the convex block is thinned to form a tip.

In some embodiments, the second mounting portion is provided with at least two suction pads, wherein the mounting position of at least one suction pad is close to the movable card holder.

In some embodiments, a side groove is formed on one side of the second mounting part, and the trigger penetrates through the side groove; and the trigger comprises a convex plate-shaped body, one end of the plate-shaped body is bent towards one side to form a fixing part, and the fixing part is installed on the edge of the first installation part.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the battery locking and unlocking mechanism comprises a trigger, a limiting part driven by a first driving source and the trigger fixedly arranged on a first mounting part, wherein in the lifting process of the lifting mechanism, the trigger is used for triggering a locker arranged on a battery assembly; the battery locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism in a floating manner, so that the locking and unlocking device can be aligned to the battery assembly more conveniently in the lifting process, and the condition that the unlocking cannot be carried out due to slight position difference of the battery assembly on an automobile is reduced;

(2) according to the invention, the first mounting part is hinged on the upper end surface of the support box, and the first mounting part has a certain height relative to the upper surface of the support box, so that two ends of the first mounting part can float up and down relative to the bearing seat in the second direction Y, and the first mounting part is arranged in a lever mode; because the battery assembly always has certain errors at the installation position of the electric automobile, the first installation part which is arranged in a floating manner can enable the limiting part and the trigger to be more easily adapted to the installation posture of the battery assembly, and the locker on the battery assembly is unlocked; in addition, the head and the tail of the first mounting part are elastically arranged in the support box, so that the first mounting part is convenient to reset after the battery assembly is unlocked, the battery assembly is stably placed on the battery replacing platform, and the battery assembly is favorably and stably transported to the charging bin;

(3) the limiting part also comprises a fixed clamping support, and the movable clamping support is positioned on the edge of the second mounting part; the fixed clamping support is arranged on the first installation part and used for clamping the hook-shaped auxiliary frame of the unlocking frame firstly in the lifting process, so that the unlocking frame is prevented from moving along with the movable clamping support, the battery assembly and the unlocking frame cannot be separated, and the battery replacement efficiency is influenced;

(4) according to the battery locking and unlocking mechanism on the vehicle body, the vehicle body can movably walk on the second rail through the rollers and can move between the battery replacing station and the charging bin along the second rail in the first direction x, the vehicle body can directly dismount or mount the battery assembly without rotating below the vehicle after entering the lifting station along the rail, and the vehicle body always keeps a certain mounting direction of the battery assembly in the whole battery replacing process, so that the battery replacing time can be saved, and the mounting posture of the battery assembly is prevented from being adjusted when the battery assembly is replaced each time;

(5) when the jacking part on the charging platform bears the battery assembly, the first positioning part realizes that the charging connector arranged on the first positioning part obliquely and downwards slides to a position which can be matched with the charging interface of the battery assembly along the guide groove in the first guiding part under the action of the gravity of the battery assembly, so that the charging connector is contacted with the charging interface to form an electric connection structure, a charger post and a battery post are conveniently and better contacted, the whole process does not need the assistance of other parts, and the battery assembly can be rapidly charged; in the action process of charging, the battery assembly can act only under the action of the gravity of the battery assembly, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected;

(6) according to the invention, the second holes of the plate-shaped body are strip-shaped holes which are formed along the horizontal direction and distributed on the periphery of the first holes, and guide pillars (not shown) on the charging connector are arranged in the second holes, so that the charging connector can move left and right in the second holes; the side plate is fixedly attached to the plate-shaped body, a guide hole matched with the second hole is formed in the side plate, the guide hole is a strip-shaped hole formed in the vertical direction, is positioned on the back of the second hole and is distributed on the periphery of the first hole; when the charging positioning part is contacted with the charging interface, the guide post on the charging interface is inserted into the guide hole and can move in the horizontal direction; through the matching of the second hole and the guide hole, the dislocation automatic adjustment of the charging connector and the charging connector in one plane can be realized, so that the charging connector and the charging connector can be matched in a self-adaptive manner, the charging connector is aligned with the charging connector, and the charging success rate is greatly improved; furthermore, a reset mechanism such as a coil spring can be arranged in the second hole, so that the charging connector is reset through the coil spring after being aligned with the charging connector, and the charging step can be conveniently repeated;

(7) according to the invention, the reset mechanism is arranged between the first positioning part and the second positioning part, when the charging step is executed, the first positioning part moves downwards under the action of the gravity of the battery assembly, and after the charging step is completed, the first positioning part is reset to the original position relative to the second positioning part by the reset mechanism in the grabbing process of the battery assembly by the battery grabbing mechanism, so that the charging step can be circularly carried out, and the battery can be repeatedly used for multiple times;

(8) according to the invention, the second positioning part is provided with the slide way extending out of the fourth hole, the first positioning part is provided with the second guide part close to the fourth hole, and the first positioning part is carried out along the direction of the slide way when descending or ascending through the arrangement of the second guide part, so that the first positioning part cannot be reset due to axial dislocation of the second positioning part and the first positioning part, and the flexibility and the adaptability of the platform are improved;

(9) the charging and replacing power station provided by the invention has high automation degree, and realizes automatic unloading, automatic charging and automatic installation of the battery assembly through the matching motion of the charging platform and the charging and replacing power station; in addition, the charging platform has a simple structure and low production cost, can be infinitely expanded, and can reduce the labor intensity of personnel.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram a of a power swapping platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery locking and unlocking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a side view of a battery swapping platform provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a perspective view of a battery replacement platform with a battery assembly removed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a working schematic diagram b of the battery swapping platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a front view of a battery swapping platform provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an unlocking frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an unlocking frame at a lower left side view according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is an assembly view of an unlocking frame and a battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the locking frame provided in the embodiment of the present invention when the hook frame is hidden;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a hook frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of a hook frame according to an embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective.

Fig. 17 is a schematic third perspective view of a hook frame according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram a of a charging platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a schematic view of a first perspective view of the charging positioning portion according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a schematic view of a second perspective view of the charging positioning portion according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 21 is a front view of a charging platform provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 22 is a partial side view of a charging platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram b of a charging platform according to an embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 24 is a top view of a charging platform provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 25 is a bottom view of the charging platform provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a jacking portion provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 27 is an assembly view of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 18 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is an assembly view a of a battery storage rack and a battery gripping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a schematic structural view of a temporary storage rack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery gripping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 32 is an assembly view b of the battery storage rack and the battery gripping mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 33 is a side view of a battery storage rack and a battery gripping mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

10. a third frame; 101. positioning a pressing plate; 11. a first track; 12. a second track; 13. a stopper; 14. an anti-collision block; 19. A second proximity switch;

20. a traveling mechanism; 21. a second drive source; 22. a rack; 24. a third vertical beam; 25. a cross beam; 26. a roller;

30. a receiving frame; 31. mounting a plate; 33. a guide gear;

40. a lifting mechanism; 41. a second trigger piece; 42. a first trigger piece; 44. a slider; 45. installing a slide rail; 46. a fifth position sensor; 48. a second mounting plate; 49. a first proximity switch; 401. a connecting end; 47. supporting the box; 471. installing a bin; 472. a gasket; 473. an elastic member;

50. a battery locking and unlocking mechanism; 51. a first mounting portion; 52. a trigger; 53. a second mounting portion; 54. a first drive source; 56. a first bearing housing; 531. a movable card holder; 5310. a fixture block body; 5311. a convex column; 532. fixing the clamp holder; 534. a slide rail; 535. an elastic column cap; 541. a strip-shaped groove; 542. locking the fixture block; 55. a fourth position sensor; 536. a weight reduction groove;

7. a locking frame; 71. a hook-shaped frame; 72. a primary back beam; 73. a strut bearing groove; 74. a vertical slot; 75. f, locking; 76. a main hook; 77. an auxiliary hook; 77a, a front leg; 77b, posterior lateral legs; 78. a base station; 79. a pressure spring; 710. cushion blocks; 711. a shock-absorbing through hole; 712. a shock-absorbing post; 713. adjusting the bolt; 714. a forearm; 715. a rear arm;

8. a hook-type auxiliary frame;

9. an unlocking frame; 91. a left stringer; 92. a right stringer; 94. a front beam; 95. a rear beam;

200. a battery assembly; 201. a guide block;

100. a charging platform; 105. lightening holes; 112. lengthening the barrel; 113. a return spring;

120. a jacking portion; 121. a vertical plate body; 1210. a tip plate; 1211. a bevel edge; 1212. chamfering; 122. a flat plate; 1220. a third aperture;

130. a first positioning portion; 1301. a second limiting plate; 1302. a fourth limiting plate;

140. a second positioning portion; 1401. a third limiting plate; 1402. a first limit plate;

150. a charging positioning part; 151. a first position sensor; 152. a second position sensor; 155. a third position sensor; 157. a transverse plate; 158. a horizontal slide rail; 159. a horizontal slider; 1543. a first hole; 1541. a second hole; 1530. a guide hole;

160. a third positioning part;

170. a first guide portion; 171. a guide groove; 172. a right-angle set square; 172a, oblique side edges; 173. a connecting plate;

180. connecting blocks; 181. a guide wheel; 182. a wheel axle;

191. a first guide plate; 192. a second guide plate; 1920. a straight guide groove; 193. a horizontal axis;

300. a battery storage rack; 310. an oblique beam; 320. a temporary storage rack; 330. a first frame; 340. laminating the board;

321. a third cross bar; 322. reinforcing ribs; 323. a first cross bar; 324. a vertical rod; 325. a second cross bar; 326. a pressure sensor; 327. a support bar;

400. a battery grasping mechanism; 410. a first servo motor; 411. a second bearing housing; 413. a rotating shaft;

420. a second frame; 421. a first vertical beam; 422. a second vertical beam; 423. a rectangular frame;

430. a drive chain; 440. a balancing weight; 460. a grasping assembly; 462. a telescopic arm; 461. a bottom bearing plate; 463. a second roller.

Detailed Description

To solve or partially solve the above-mentioned problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electric vehicle battery replacement charging system, and some exemplary embodiments are now described with reference to fig. 1 to 33. In the following description, the battery replacement and charging scenes in the electric vehicle battery replacement station are taken as objects of description, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any battery replacement and charging system capable of adopting the description herein is included in the scope of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in general, an electric vehicle battery replacement charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a battery replacement platform and a battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 installed on the battery replacement platform.

The battery replacing platform comprises a vehicle body 60, and a traveling mechanism 20 and a lifting mechanism 40 which are arranged on the vehicle body 60; the traveling mechanism 20 is used for driving the battery replacement platform to reach the position below the battery replacement position.

The battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 is used for locking and unlocking a battery assembly installed on the electric automobile, and is installed on the automobile body through the lifting mechanism 40, and the lifting mechanism 40 is used for lifting the battery locking and unlocking mechanism to an electricity changing position.

Wherein, the battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 includes: the floating installation is in first installation department 51 and the locking and unlocking ware on the lifting mechanism, the locking and unlocking ware includes spacing portion and trigger 52. The basic idea of the invention for locking and unlocking the battery assembly is as follows: the first mounting part is movably provided with a limiting part through a first driving source 54; the trigger 52 is fixedly arranged on the first mounting part, the locker arranged on the battery assembly is triggered in the lifting process of the lifting mechanism, the first driving source is used for driving the limiting part clamped on the battery assembly to move towards the unlocking direction of the locker for locking and unlocking, the mounting position of the battery is not required to be found through a positioning device, and the battery assembly 200 can be quickly replaced; and the battery locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism in a floating manner, so that the locking and unlocking device can be aligned to the battery assembly more conveniently in the lifting process.

The following is a detailed description.

In some embodiments, the body 60 and the chassis 20 may together function as an RGV cart for replacement of a battery assembly of an electric vehicle. The RGV trolley in the example is a rail car, moves on the rail and moves to and from between the battery replacing station and the battery storage rack, wherein the battery replacing station drives in an electric car with a battery assembly to be replaced. In this example, the battery pack is also referred to as a battery pack, a battery module, and the like, and is an integrated device for supplying driving power to an electric vehicle. The RGV trolley drives under the vehicle of the lifting station in an idle state, removes the power-deficient battery assembly from the vehicle, and transfers the power-deficient battery assembly from the battery replacement station to the battery storage rack. And replacing the insufficient-power battery assembly with a full-power battery assembly in the battery storage rack. The RGV trolley carries the fully charged battery assembly to enter the battery replacement station again, and the fully charged battery assembly is installed on the vehicle. The work flow can be automatically carried out through the control of the controller, and the method is suitable for a miniaturized battery replacement place and a battery replacement service capable of being expanded in a modularized mode.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, in one possible embodiment:

the vehicle body comprises 2 cross beams 25 which are parallel to each other, the front ends of the 2 cross beams 25 are connected through one third vertical beam 24, the rear ends of the 2 cross beams 25 are connected through the other third vertical beam 24, so that a rectangular frame of the vehicle body is integrally formed, and the rectangular frame is installed on the third rack 10 and used for bearing the lifting mechanism 40 and the battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50.

The traveling mechanism 20 includes a first rail 11 disposed on the third frame 10, a second driving source 21, and a transmission device connected to the second driving source 21, wherein the third frame 10 is disposed on a path of the battery replacing station and the battery storage rack, the first rail 11 is laid on a middle portion of the third frame 10, and the first rail 11 is an i-shaped beam and is mounted on the third frame 10 through a positioning pressing plate 101.

The transmission comprises a gear (not shown) and a rack 22 which are mutually engaged, the gear being provided on the vehicle body, said rack 22 being provided on the first rail 11 and being arranged substantially parallel to the first rail 11, i.e. the first rail 11 extends in the first direction X. Preferably, in order to save the installation space of the rack and improve the stability of the rack, the rack 22 is slidably connected in a groove on one side of the first rail 11, and the tooth tip of the rack protrudes from the groove. The second driving source is a servo motor, is in transmission connection with the rack 22 through a speed reducer and a moving gear, and drives the vehicle body to reciprocate to the battery storage rack from the battery replacement station through driving the rack 22 to slide in the first track 11.

In order to further reduce the energy loss of transmission and increase the speed of transferring the battery, a second rail 12 parallel to the first rail 11 is provided on both sides of the first rail 11, and a roller 26 mounted on the vehicle body is provided on the second rail 12, and the roller is driven by a second driving source to move on the second rail 12. In order to prevent the vehicle body from being separated from the rail, the front end and the rear end of the second rail are respectively provided with a stop block 13, an anti-collision block 14 matched with the stop blocks 13 is arranged at the position, close to the roller 26, of the vehicle body, the anti-collision block 14 is used for shock absorption, the transportation of the vehicle body to a preset position (such as a battery replacement position) can be reduced, the collision degree of a frame of the vehicle body and the anti-collision block cannot cause the battery assembly 200 borne on the vehicle body to deviate, and therefore the limiting part cannot clamp the battery assembly 200. In a specific implementation, the bumper block 14 may be an elastic body made of rubber, and is installed at the front end of the third vertical beam 24, and the front end of the elastic body is aligned with the end of the stopper 13. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the crash block 14 may also be other forms of resilient structures including springs, etc., and is not limited thereto.

Those skilled in the art will readily understand that, in order to meet the steering requirements of the vehicle body, the first rail 11, the rack 22, and the second rail may be curved; or the vehicle body is modified into an AGV trolley and the guide rail is modified into a trackless guide device corresponding to the AGV trolley.

The battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 on the vehicle body movably runs on the second rail through the rollers and moves between the battery changing station and the battery storage rack along the second rail in the first direction x. After the vehicle body enters the lifting station along the track, the battery assembly can be directly dismounted or mounted without rotating the angle below the vehicle. The vehicle body always keeps the direction of the installation posture of the battery assembly in the whole battery replacing process, so that the battery replacing time can be saved, and the battery assembly can be conveniently reinstalled on the automobile chassis.

As shown in fig. 3-6, in some embodiments, the lifting mechanism 40 is a scissor lift having a link 401 slidably mounted to the frame of the vehicle body; one side of the vehicle body is provided with a bearing frame 30 through a mounting plate 31; the third driving source is an air cylinder, the air cylinder is installed on the installation plate 31, and one end of a piston rod of the air cylinder is hinged to the upper arm of the scissor lift. When the electric vehicle just drives into the power exchanging station, the electric vehicle passes through the receiving frame 30 and stops on the receiving frame. At this time, the scissor lift is in a retraction state, the heights of the lifting mechanism 40 and the battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 are lower than that of the automobile chassis, the carrying frame 30 bears the automobile, a certain space is reserved between the automobile chassis and the battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50, and the battery replacement is convenient. Preferably, a prompting device is arranged at the bearing frame 30 for prompting a driver to stop; further, a guide gear 33 is provided below the receiving frame 30 on the side of the middle portion of the cross member 25 near the rack 22. Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 40 further includes a fifth position sensor 46 having one end disposed on the third vertical beam 24 and the other end disposed on the upper end of the scissor lift, wherein the fifth position sensor 46 is configured to detect the lifting height of the scissor lift and convert the lifting height into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the controller.

In the specific implementation process, a first mounting plate is arranged at the front end of a third vertical beam 24 of the vehicle body frame, the first mounting plate is provided with two mounting slide rails 45, a sliding block 44 is hinged to a connecting end 401 of a lower arm of the scissor lift on each mounting slide rail 45, a second mounting plate 48 is arranged at the rear end of the third vertical beam 24, and the other connecting end of the lower arm of the scissor lift is hinged to the second mounting plate 48 through a positioning block; thus, the scissor lift can be mounted. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the scissor lift may be 2 or more, and is mounted to the vehicle body together with the battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50.

A first proximity switch 49 is provided at a predetermined position of the mounting rail 45, and a first trigger piece 42 engaged with the first proximity switch 49 is provided at one side of the mounting rail 45. During the lifting process of the scissor lift, the first trigger piece 42 passes through the first proximity switch 49, and the first proximity switch 49 is used for sensing the ascending or descending action of the scissor lift, converting the action into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal to a controller connected with the first proximity switch 49.

Further, a second trigger piece 41 is arranged at the position, close to the first proximity switch 49, of the third vertical beam 24; a plurality of second proximity switches 19 are provided on the second rail 12 to be engaged with the second trigger piece 41. The second proximity switch 19 is used to sense the travel track of the vehicle body on the second rail 12.

As shown in fig. 8 to 17, the present example also provides a vehicle-mounted battery assembly locking bracket including an unlocking bracket 9. The unlocking frame 9 includes a left longitudinal beam 91 and a right longitudinal beam 92 which are parallel to each other. The front and rear ends of the left and right

longitudinal beams

91, 92 are respectively connected and fixed by a front beam 94 and a rear beam 95, so that a quadrilateral frame structure is integrally formed. In use, the battery assembly 200 is mounted within the quadrilateral frame structure, thereby enclosing and securing the battery assembly 200 with the quadrilateral frame structure.

Since the frame structure is formed to fittingly surround the battery assembly 200, in some embodiments, one end of the battery assembly 200 is narrowed relative to the rest, but the thickness is increased to accommodate system structures other than the battery in the battery assembly 200, and therefore, in this embodiment, in order to enhance the support of this portion, the rear end portions of the left and

right side members

91, 92 are bent inward to form an inward-folded structure that fits the shape of the battery assembly 200, and a hook-type auxiliary frame 8 is provided on the inner side of this portion, which supports this portion in cooperation with a locking device.

The lockers supporting the battery assembly 200 in this embodiment are a plurality of locking brackets 7 mounted on the inner side surfaces of the left longitudinal beam 91 and the right longitudinal beam 92. The number and the position of the locking frames 7 are set according to the specific model and the size of the battery assembly 200, in the embodiment, the battery assembly 200 is a compact automobile adaptive model, and therefore only three locking frames 7 are needed on each side for locking. Besides the hook-shaped auxiliary frames 8 arranged at the rear end parts of the left longitudinal beam 91 and the right longitudinal beam 92, two hook-shaped auxiliary frames 8 are also arranged at the inner side surfaces of the front ends of the left longitudinal beam 91 and the right longitudinal beam 92, so that the two sides of the battery assembly 200 are uniformly and completely supported.

As shown in fig. 13 to 17, the specific structure of the locking frame 7 is as follows:

the locking frame 7 comprises a hook frame 71, and the main body structure of the hook frame 71 is a main back beam 72. The front arms 714 of the primary back beam 72 are bent downward a distance and then bent back a distance. The rear arm 715 of the main back beam 72 is also bent downward to form the other side wall of the post receiving groove 73, and finally an L-shaped post receiving groove 73 is formed below the main back beam 72 for receiving and supporting the guide block 201 at the side of the battery assembly 200.

The main back beam 72 is provided with a vertical slot 74. An F-lock 75 is hinged in the vertical slot 74. Specifically, the F-lock 75 includes a main L-shaped hook 76 fastened above the hook frame 71, and a secondary hook 77 located in the middle of the F-lock 75 and extending downward, in this embodiment, the lower end of the secondary hook 77 extends to the front and rear sides to form a front leg 77a and a rear leg 77 b. The front leg 77a extends through the vertical slot 74 into the support post receiving slot 73 to form a movable catch for blocking the support post receiving slot 73, thereby locking the guide block 201 at the side of the battery assembly 200 in the support post receiving slot 73. The forward inclined configuration of the lower end of the front leg 77a prevents the guide block 201 from being pushed out of the gap between the pillar carrying groove 73 and the lower end of the front leg 77a, improving the locking reliability of the front leg 77 a. The rear side leg 77b is hinged in the vertical slot 74 of the main back beam 72. In order to reset the front end of the main hook 76, in the present embodiment, the rear end of the main back beam 72 extends backward out of the base 78, the rear end of the main hook 76 also extends above the base 78, and a space for accommodating the compression spring 79 is formed between the base 78 and the rear end of the main back beam.

When the device is used, the rear end of the main hook 76 is lifted by the pressure spring 79, the front end of the main hook 76 is pressed and buckled on the main back beam 72 by taking the hinge pivot as a rotation center, the auxiliary hook 77 is pressed into the vertical groove 74, and the normally closed blocking of the auxiliary hook 77 on the strut bearing groove 73 is realized. When it is necessary to quickly mount the battery assembly 200 in the lock frame 7, the guide block 201 moves up to the front side leg 77a along the stay bearing groove 73 and lifts up the front side leg 77a, at which time the compression spring 79 is compressed. When the front leg 77a moves up to the corner position of the support receiving groove 73 and moves forward to enter the foremost end of the support receiving groove 73, the guide block 201 has released the lifting of the front leg 77a, the front leg 77a returns by the action of the compression spring 79, and the exit path of the guide block 201 is blocked, so that the guide block 201 and the battery assembly 200 are locked.

In the above embodiment, since the movable latch structure embedded in the main back beam 72 is adopted, all the structures are skillfully integrated on the premise of occupying as small a lateral space as possible. By adopting the scheme of reducing the transverse size of the equipment, the space can be reserved for the battery assembly 200 as much as possible in the reserved space fixed by the automobile chassis so as to improve the electric storage capacity and meet the actual market demand of long-term endurance of the automobile, which is one of the cores of the sale and sale points of pure electric automobiles.

Further, in order to better realize the complete support of the battery assembly 200 by the unlocking frame 9, the following supplementary technical scheme can be adopted.

In this embodiment, the fixing clip 532 is provided on the battery lifting platform, and the hook type auxiliary frame 8 is configured to match the fixing clip 532. During the use, the fixed card holds in the palm 532 and follows the battery lift platform and shift up to the card is in the hook type auxiliary frame 8 outside, prevents that the unblock frame 9 from holding in the palm along with the activity card and removing together, leads to the unable and unblock frame 9 separation of battery assembly.

A cushion block 710 is fixed at the foremost end inside the strut bearing groove 73, and a shock absorption through hole 711 extending to the front part of the main back beam 72 is arranged in the cushion block 710. A damping column 712 is installed in the damping through hole 711, and is used for limiting and damping the movement of the guide block 201. The shock absorbing posts 712 extend slightly beyond the pad 710 to provide shock absorption. The limit of movement of the guide block 201 can be adjusted simply and efficiently by replacing a different type of spacer block 710.

In another possible embodiment, the damping columns 712 are replaced by adjusting bolts 713 and are installed in the front end downward bending portions of the cushion blocks 710 and the main back beam 72 in a threaded manner, one end of each adjusting bolt 713 extends out of the front end downward bending portion of the main back beam 72 and is provided with a cross groove, and the position of the cushion blocks 710 in the strut bearing grooves 73 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolts 713, so that the moving limit of the guide blocks 201 can also be adjusted.

In order to facilitate the battery assembly 200 to better enter the unlocking frame 9 from the lower part and avoid the hard impact between the locking frame 7 and the battery assembly 200, in this embodiment, a chamfer avoiding structure is arranged on the edge of the lower end of the locking frame 7 close to the inner side surface.

In another possible embodiment, a tension spring is provided below the main hook 76 at a position on the front side of the sub-hook 77. One end of the tension spring is connected with the main hook 76, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the main back beam 72, so that the front end of the main hook 76 is pulled downwards, and the auxiliary hook 77 is pulled into the strut bearing groove 73 under the normal state.

In another possible embodiment, the front end of the main hook 76 may be hinged to the main back beam 72, and the rear end of the main hook 76 may extend a distance relative to the main back beam 72 for engaging the trigger 52 to lift the rear end of the main hook 76, and the purpose of flexibly withdrawing the auxiliary hook 77 from the pillar carrying groove 73 may also be achieved. Accordingly, a return tension spring is provided between the middle rear portion of the main hook 76 and the main back beam 72, and the tension spring pulls the sub-hook 77 into the stay bearing groove 73 in a natural state.

In another possible embodiment, the rear end of the main hook 76 is hinged to the main back beam 72, and a return tension spring is provided between the front or middle portion of the main hook 76 and the main back beam 72, and naturally pulls the auxiliary hook 77 into the strut receiving groove 73.

In another possible embodiment, the secondary hook 77 extends into the pillar carrying groove 73 by looping around one side of the main back beam 72, and in order to avoid the secondary hook 77 moving up to the exit path of the extreme position blocking guide block 201, in this embodiment, an avoiding groove is formed upward at a corner of the pillar carrying groove 73. In use, when the F-lock 75 is pushed upward by a force, the auxiliary hook 77 is lifted back into the escape groove, which is a limit position where the auxiliary hook 77 is lifted, and then the guide block 201 can be smoothly withdrawn along the pillar carrying groove 73. Although the transverse size of the locking frame 7 needs to be slightly sacrificed due to the arrangement of the structure, the structural strength of the main back beam 72 can be ensured, and the locking frame 7 formed by assembling the solid main back beam 72 and other parts can reduce the processing difficulty and save the material cost.

With respect to the foregoing embodiment, it should be further explained that the overall structure of the hook type auxiliary frame 8 used in cooperation with the locking frame 7 is substantially the same as that of the main back beam 72, except that the F-lock 75 is omitted, and the matching structural design for assembling the F-lock 75 is adopted. Because the hook-type auxiliary frame 8 does not need to be matched with the F lock 75, the hook-type auxiliary frame does not need to be processed into a hollow structure, and the processing cost can be obviously saved. In the above, in the case of such a demand, the solid main back beam 72 in this embodiment can be used as the hook-type auxiliary frame 8 in general, and the versatility of parts is further improved.

In another possible embodiment, there is a relative translational movement between the F-lock 75 and the hook-shaped frame 71. The main hook 76 of the F-lock 75 is connected to the main back beam 72 by a tension spring, the main hook 76 is attached to the main back beam 72 in a normal state, and the auxiliary hook 77 is located in the strut bearing groove 73. The main hook 76 protrudes with respect to the hook frame 71 by a length for cooperating with the lifting operation of the unlocking mechanism. When the locking device is used, the trigger 52 lifts the main hook 76, the auxiliary hook 77 stably moves upwards along a guide structure such as the vertical groove 74 and the like, and retreats from the strut bearing groove 73 so as to release the locking of the guide block 201.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the structure of the battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 is specifically explained. The battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 includes: the floating installation is in first installation department 51 and the locking and unlocking ware on the lifting mechanism, the locking and unlocking ware includes spacing portion and trigger 52. In one possible embodiment, the first mounting portion 51 is a plate-like structure that is primarily used to carry the stop portion and the trigger 52. The middle part of the first mounting part 51 is hinged on the first bearing seat 56 through a rotating shaft; the head and the tail of the first mounting part are both elastically arranged on the supporting box 47 at the upper end of the lifting mechanism through an elastic piece 473. In one possible embodiment, the section of the magazine 47 is a reverse "concave" shape, and the two ends of the magazine 47 have two downwardly extending mounting bins 471, and the inner wall of the magazine is hinged to the upper arm of the scissor lift by a gasket 472. The upper end surfaces of the two mounting bins 471 are provided with positioning holes, and elastic pieces 473 penetrating through the positioning holes are arranged in the two mounting bins 471 and are elastically connected with the first mounting parts; the elastic members 473 are located on both sides of the first bearing housing 56. The first mounting part 51 is hinged on the upper end surface of the support box 47, and the first mounting part has a certain height relative to the upper surface of the support box 47, so that two ends of the first mounting part can float up and down relative to the first bearing seat 56 in the second direction Y, and the first mounting part is in a lever form; because there will always be certain error in the position of battery assembly in electric automobile's installation, the first installation department of floating setting can make spacing portion and trigger 52 adapt to the installation gesture of battery assembly more easily, unlocks the locker on the battery assembly. In addition, locate the both ends of first installation department in holding in the palm box 47 elastically, be convenient for the battery assembly after the unblock, reset first installation department, make stable the putting in battery locking and unlocking mechanism 50 of battery assembly, do benefit to the steady transportation of battery assembly to the battery storage frame in.

The first mounting part 51 is of a plate-shaped structure, the upper end surface of the first mounting part is provided with a pair of slide rails 534, the second mounting part 53 is movably mounted in the slide rails 534 through a first driving source 54, and the second mounting part 53 is also of a plate-shaped structure; the limiting part comprises a movable clamping support 531; a movable clamping support 531 is arranged on the second mounting part; the first driving source drives the second mounting portion to move linearly within the slide rail 534. As shown in fig. 2, in this example, the first driving source 54 includes a housing and a locking latch 542, a strip groove 541 having a length greater than a width of the locking latch 542 is formed in the housing, the locking latch 542 passes through the strip groove 541 and is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder, and a bayonet of the locking latch catches the outer side of the second mounting portion 53. The movable clamp holder 531 is driven to move linearly on the slide rail 534 by the extension and contraction of the piston end of the cylinder. The movable card holder 531 is provided with a convex column 5311 extending out of the card block body 5310, the front end of the convex column 5311 is thinned to form a tip, the opening width of the front end of the movable card holder 531 is enlarged, and the movable card holder is convenient to clamp the guide block 201 on the battery assembly in the lifting process.

On the side of the second mounting portion 53 close to the slide rail 534, a fourth position sensor 55 is mounted. The fourth position sensor 55 is used for sensing the approach or the departure of the second mounting portion, and converting it into an electric signal to be transmitted to the controller.

One side of the second mounting part 53 is arranged in a side groove, and the trigger 52 passes through the side groove; is provided on the first mounting portion 51. In a specific implementation, the trigger 52 is a "convex" plate-shaped body, and the plate-shaped body is bent toward one side to form a fixing portion, and the fixing portion is mounted on the first mounting portion 51. The protrusion 522 of the "convex" shaped plate-shaped body and the body 521 form an "L" shaped trigger part, and the trigger part jacks up the main hook 76 during the lifting process, so as to push the auxiliary hook 77 out of the pillar carrying groove 73, push the battery assembly 200 backwards, move the guide block 201 to the corner of the pillar carrying groove 73, and then remove the battery assembly 200 downwards by the lifting mechanism.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the separation of the battery assembly from the battery unlocking frame 9, the limiting part further comprises a fixed clamping support 532, and the movable clamping support 531 is located on the outer side of the second mounting part; the fixing clip support 532 is arranged on the first installation part 51, and the fixing clip support 532 is used for firstly clamping the hook-shaped auxiliary frame 8 of the unlocking frame in the lifting process, so that the unlocking frame is prevented from moving along with the movable clip support.

The trigger 52 moves to the main hook 76 position during lifting to jack the main hook 76 up. When the movable card holder 531 is also completely fastened to the guide block 201 on the battery assembly, the fixed card holder 532 is completely fastened to the hook-shaped auxiliary frame 8, so that the unlocking frame 9 is prevented from moving together with the movable card holder; the auxiliary hook 77 is just completely withdrawn from the supporting column bearing groove 73, a backward moving path of the guide block 201 is reserved, and then the movable clamping support 531 is driven by the first driving source to enable the guide block 201 on the battery assembly to move backward to the corner of the supporting column bearing groove 73, so that the battery assembly is separated from the locking frame.

Then, the movable card holder 531 is driven by the lifting mechanism, and the guide block 201 and the whole battery assembly 200 move downwards to be separated from the pillar bearing groove 73. Then, the battery assembly 200 is separated from the unlocking rack, and the battery assembly is transported to the battery storage rack under the driving of the traveling mechanism 20. In this process, the trigger 52 always supports the main hook 76 until the guide block 201 moves below the sub-hook 77.

Preferably, in order to take the battery assembly off conveniently, at least two adsorption pads 533 are further arranged on the second mounting portion, wherein at least one adsorption pad 533 is close to the movable card holder 531, and the adsorption pad 533 adsorbs the battery assembly, so that the movable card holder 531 can detach the battery assembly from the unlocking frame under the driving of the lifting mechanism. In one embodiment, the adsorption gasket 533 may be a gasket equipped with a magnet or an electromagnet, which is engaged with a metal sheet at a corresponding position on the battery assembly; in another embodiment, the suction pad 533 may be a vacuum chuck for sucking the back surface of the battery assembly 200.

In some embodiments, the second mounting portion 53 defines a weight-reducing slot 536 at a central portion thereof, and the weight-reducing slot 536 defines a flexible stud 535 therein; the ends of the spring posts 535 extend out of the lightening slots 536 and make resilient contact with the back of the battery assembly. In one possible embodiment, the spring post 535 may be a rubber elastomer that fits within the weight-reduction slot 536 with the front end of the elastomer facing the bottom of the battery assembly. The spring post 535 may also be other types of spring structures including, but not limited to, a spring.

Referring to fig. 18 to 29, the electric vehicle charging system in this example further includes a charging platform 100, and the charging platform 100 generally includes a first positioning portion 130, a second positioning portion 140, a first guiding portion 170, and a charging positioning portion 150.

The first positioning portion 130 has a top support portion 120 for receiving the battery assembly 200; a reset mechanism is disposed between the first positioning portion 130 and the second positioning portion 140, and when the first positioning portion is separated from the battery assembly 200, the reset mechanism is used to reset the first positioning portion to the initial position, which is convenient for the next charging step. The first positioning portion 130 and the second positioning portion 140 have a certain interval in the height direction; so that the first positioning portion 130 has a certain gravitational potential energy with respect to the second positioning portion 140.

The first guiding part 170 is mainly used for guiding the motion track of the charging positioning part 150 received on the first positioning part, so that the charging connector approaches to the charging interface of the battery assembly 200 in the motion process; in this example, the bottom of the first guide portion passes through the first positioning portion and is mounted on the second positioning portion 140; one end (front end) of the first guide portion extends out of the first positioning portion, a guide groove 171 is formed in the front end of the first guide portion, and the groove length direction of the guide groove 171 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, so that the charging positioning portion 150 can move along the resultant force direction of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

The charging positioning part 150 is mainly used for fixing a charging connector matched with a charging interface of the battery assembly; a connection end of the charging positioning portion is movably disposed in the guide groove 171.

The basic idea of the invention is as follows: when the jacking portion bears the battery assembly, the first positioning portion realizes that the charging connector arranged on the first positioning portion extends the guide groove in the first guiding portion under the action of gravity of the battery assembly, and the charging connector slides downwards in an inclined mode to the position where the charging connector can be matched with the battery assembly, so that the charging connector is in contact with the charging connector to form an electric connection structure, and the battery assembly is charged.

In one possible embodiment, the charging positioning portion 150 and the top bracket portion 120 are both mounted on the first mounting portion 130, the first mounting portion 130 is movably disposed in the guide groove 171 of the first guide portion 170, the first guide portion 170 is mounted on the second mounting portion 140, and a reset mechanism is disposed between the first mounting portion 130 and the second mounting portion. The specific installation manner between the first installation portion 130 and the first guide portion 170 may be referred to as installation between the charging positioning portion 150 and the first guide portion 170, which is not described herein again.

When the battery assembly moves down and falls on the top support part 120, the top support part 120 is forced to make the first positioning part approach to the second positioning part 140 and compress the return spring 113, which is parallel to the guide groove 171 and is obliquely arranged between the first mounting part and the second mounting part. In the downward moving process of the battery assembly, in order to prevent the battery assembly from moving in the horizontal direction along with the first positioning part, the charging connector and the charging interface cannot approach each other; the top support part 120 is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the first installation part, the battery assembly is supported in a sliding mode through the rollers installed on the top support part 120, and a baffle is arranged on one side of the battery assembly. When the first mounting portion is moved obliquely downward along the guide groove 171 in the first guide portion under the action of gravity of the battery assembly, the battery assembly is caused to follow the first mounting portion and also has a tendency of compound horizontal movement; at this moment, the battery assembly is blocked by the baffle arranged on one side of the battery assembly, the battery assembly is prevented from horizontally sliding, the charging positioning part 150 moves downwards along with the first installation part in an inclined mode, the battery interface on the battery assembly is kept still in the horizontal direction, the charging positioning part 150 drives the charging connector to move to the battery interface, a charging machine column on the charging connector is in contact with a battery column on the charging interface, an electric connection structure is formed, and the battery assembly is charged.

The components are further described below.

The first positioning portion 130 is mainly used for receiving the top holder 120 and the charging positioning portion 150. In one possible embodiment, the first positioning portion 130 is a U-shaped cover plate with a downward notch, and the outer edge of the U-shaped cover plate is bent downward to form the second limiting plate 1301.

The second positioning portion 140 is mainly used for supporting the first positioning portion, and the second positioning portion 140 includes a bottom plate, the outer edge of the bottom plate is bent upwards to form a first limiting plate 1402, the first positioning portion is reversely buckled on the second positioning portion, so that a cavity is formed between the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion, and the first positioning portion 170 and the reset mechanism are conveniently installed. The first limit plate 1402 is abutted and matched with the second limit plate 1301; the first positioning part is prevented from moving in the horizontal direction, the position of the battery assembly in the horizontal mode is fixed and unchanged, and the charging connector is convenient to contact with the charging interface. Furthermore, the stability of the platform is improved, and a circle of third limiting plate 1401 with edges extending upwards is arranged in the middle of the bottom plate; a fourth limit plate 1302 abutting against the third limit plate 1401 is also provided in one edge of the U-shaped cover plate. In order to reduce the weight of the charging platform 100, weight-reduction holes 105 having the same shape are provided in the middle of the bottom plate and the cover plate. Preferably, the third and fourth limiting

plates

1401 and 1302 are respectively provided on one edge of the corresponding lightening hole.

In this example, the return mechanism is a return spring 113 mounted between the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the reset mechanism herein may also be other reset mechanisms such as a telescopic rod, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, in the specific implementation process, in order to facilitate the assembly of the return spring 113, the bottom plate is provided with positioning holes, one elongated barrel 112 is installed below each positioning hole, and the positioning holes are openings corresponding to the elongated barrels 112. The lower end 113 of the return spring passes through the coordination hole and is inserted into the lengthened cylinder 112, and the upper end of the return spring is abutted against the lower end face of the second positioning part, so that the support and the reset of the second positioning part are realized.

In order to facilitate the resetting between the first positioning portion 130 and the second positioning portion 140, two parallel first guide plates 191 are provided on the end surface of the second positioning portion, and a slide is formed by the adjacent two first guide plates 191 with a gap therebetween. The front end of the first guide plate 191 passes through a fourth hole formed in the second positioning portion and extends out of the upper end face of the second positioning portion, so that a slide way extending out of the fourth hole is formed. The second positioning part is provided with a second guide part, the second guide part is two second guide plates 192 which are oppositely arranged, the second guide plates 192 are connected through a transverse connecting plate, the width of the transverse connecting plate is smaller than that of the second guide plates 192, and a straight guide groove 1920 is formed on one side of the two second guide plates 192 and the transverse connecting plate; one side of the first guide plate 191 is disposed in the straight guide groove 1920, the middle of the two second guide plates 192 is provided with a transverse shaft 193, and the transverse shaft 193 is provided with a pulley (not shown) which is in rolling fit with the side of the first guide plate 191.

The top support part 120 is used for bearing and limiting the battery assembly, and preventing the battery assembly from being separated from the first positioning part. In this example, the top support portion 120 includes a vertical plate 121, a flat plate 122 is fixed to a bottom end of the vertical plate 121, and a third hole 1220 for rivet installation is opened in the flat plate 122. Preferably, in order to facilitate the insertion of the battery assembly, a sharp plate 1210 extends from the edge of the vertical plate 121 near the first positioning portion 130, and the sharp plate 1210 and the upper end of the vertical plate 121 form a V-shaped receiving surface for receiving the bottom of the battery assembly.

Further, in order to facilitate the contact of the tip plate 1210 with the battery assembly, the tip plate 1210 has a beveled edge 1211 provided with a chamfer 1212 on one side and extending to the upper end surface of the vertical plate body 121 on the other side. One side of the battery assembly, after contacting the beveled edge of the sharp plate 1210, slowly slides down onto the upper end surface of the vertical plate 121 and is restrained.

The bottom of the first guide part 170 passes through the first positioning part 130 and is mounted on the second positioning part 140, and one end (front end) of the first guide part extends out of the first positioning part 130, and an inclined guide groove 171 is formed at the front end of the first guide part. Preferably, the guide groove 171 is opened in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first guide portion 170; an activity space is provided in the first guide part 170. A sliding or rolling matched wheel shaft 182 penetrates through the guide groove 171, and the bottom of the transverse plate 157 is provided with a connecting block 180; the connection block 180 is connected with the wheel shaft in the movable space so that: the axle 182 drives the transverse plate 157 through the connection block 180.

In one possible embodiment, the first guide part 170 is a triangular plate-shaped structure, which includes two parallel right-angled triangular plates 172, the tip corners of the right-angled triangular plates 172 are cut to form horizontal front ends, a right-angled side of the right-angled triangular plates 172 is mounted on the second positioning part, and one sides of the two right-angled triangular plates 172 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 173, thereby forming an integral first guide part. A movable space is formed between the two right-angled triangular plates, so that the first guide part and the charging positioning part 150 can be conveniently installed; the right triangle 172 has a front end extending from the first positioning portion, and a guide groove 171 is formed from the front end of the right triangle 172, and the guide groove 171 is parallel to the inclined side 172a of the right triangle in order to uniformly apply a force to the right triangle.

Further, a wheel shaft 182 is movably installed in the guide groove 171 through a guide wheel 181; one end of the connection block 180 penetrates through the movable space to be connected to the axle 182, and the other end of the connection block 180 is connected to the charging positioning part 150, so that the first guide part 170 and the charging positioning part 150 are assembled.

The charging positioning portion 150 is mainly used for fixing a charging connector matched with a charging interface of the battery assembly. In one embodiment, the charging positioning portion 150 includes a plate-shaped body 154, and the plate-shaped body 154 is bent toward one side to form a lateral plate 157; in order to improve the rigidity of the charging positioning part 150, a side plate 153 is further fixedly connected to one side of the plate-shaped body 154, first holes 1543 for clamping the charging connector are formed in the plate-shaped body 154 and the side plate 153, and an opening of each first hole 1543 is larger than the cross section of the charging connector, so that the charging connector can float in the first holes 1543 to a certain extent; charging connector may be mounted on plate-shaped body 154 through second hole 1541.

In order to facilitate the contact between the charging connector and the charging interface, the second holes 1541 of the plate-shaped body 154 are strip-shaped holes opened along the horizontal direction, the number of the second holes 1541 is 4, the second holes are distributed on the periphery of the first holes 1543, and guide posts (not shown) on the charging connector are arranged in the second holes 1541, so that the charging connector can move left and right in the second holes 1541; further, a guide hole 1530 matched with the second hole 1541 is formed in the side plate 153, the guide hole 1530 is a strip-shaped hole formed in the vertical direction, the number of the guide holes is 4, the guide holes are distributed on the periphery of the first hole 1543, the charging positioning portion 150 is in contact with the charging interface, and a guide post on the charging interface is inserted into the guide hole 1530 and can slide in the horizontal direction; through the cooperation of second hole 1541 complex guiding hole 1530, can make the joint that charges with the joint that charges can the self-adaptation cooperation, realize the joint that charges and the dislocation automatically regulated of the joint that charges in a plane, will charge the joint and align with the joint that charges, improve the success rate that charges. Furthermore, a reset mechanism such as a coil spring can be arranged in the second hole, so that after the charging connector is aligned with the charging connector, the charging connector is reset through the coil spring, and the charging step can be conveniently repeated. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure of the charging positioning portion is not limited to the embodiment, and may be changed according to the type of the charging connector or the charging interface on the battery assembly, which is not limited herein.

Further, a first position sensor 151 and a second position sensor 152 are provided on one side of the side plate 153; a third position sensor 155 is further provided at the front end of the plate-like body 153. The first position sensor 151 senses a displacement of the charging positioning part 150 in a vertical direction; the third position sensor 155 and the second position sensor 152 are each configured to sense a displacement of the charging positioning portion 150 in the horizontal direction.

In order to facilitate the movement of the charging positioning part 150 in the horizontal direction, the charging connector and the charging interface are contacted to form an electrical connection structure. Preferably, the charging positioning portion is slidably connected to the first positioning portion 130. In one possible embodiment, the third positioning portion 160 is provided on the first positioning portion 130, the third positioning portion 160 is also plate-shaped, and is fixed to the upper surface of the first positioning portion 130, and the tip of the rectangular triangle 172 also protrudes from the end surface of the third positioning portion. A horizontal slide rail 158 is provided at the upper end of the third positioning portion, and the horizontal slide rail 158 is slidably connected to the bottom of the transverse plate 157 via a horizontal slider 159. The bottom of the transverse plate 157 is connected to the axle 182 by a connecting block 180.

When the battery assembly moves down and falls on the first positioning portion 130, the first positioning portion 130 is forced to approach the second positioning portion 140, and the return spring is compressed. At the same time, the horizontal sliding rail 158 fixedly connected to the first positioning portion 130 also moves downward. In the downward movement process of the horizontal sliding rail 158, the first guiding portion 170 is driven to move downward by a sliding fit manner. However, since one end of the first guide portion 170 is obliquely guided by the inclined guide groove 171, the first guide portion 170 is simultaneously compositely horizontally slid while moving down. I.e. finally the charging interface is engaged with the charging connector by means of the compound movement of the first guiding portion 170.

It should be emphasized that, in order to avoid the vertical separation between the horizontal sliding rail 158 and the horizontal sliding block 159, in this embodiment, the horizontal sliding rail 158 is an i-shaped rail, and two side wings of the horizontal sliding block 159 respectively and correspondingly embrace into the side space in the middle of the horizontal sliding rail 158, so as to achieve the tight limit of the horizontal sliding rail 158 and the horizontal sliding block in the direction vertical to the length direction of the rail.

In this embodiment, the gravity of the battery assembly is used as the driving force, the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion which are in floating fit with each other are used for realizing the combined motion of the first guiding portion 170, so that the automatic fit and the automatic power-off return of the power assembly and the charging connector are skillfully realized instead of manual work, the practical value is high, and an important automatic reform function is played for the charging program of the electric vehicle.

To further facilitate the movement of the charging positioning portion 150 in the horizontal direction, one end of the plate-shaped body 154 is connected to a piston end of a propulsion cylinder for driving the charging positioning portion to move linearly relative to the first positioning portion, so as to be closer to a charging interface of the battery assembly.

The electric vehicle battery replacement charging system in this example further includes a battery storage rack 300 and a battery grasping mechanism 400.

A plurality of the charging platforms 100 are erected on the battery storage rack 300; the battery grasping mechanism 400 is installed at one side of the battery storage rack 300 for placing or grasping the battery assembly on the battery storage rack 300. When an electric automobile needing to replace the battery drives into the battery replacement station, the battery replacement trolley drives into the vehicle along the track, the angle of the trolley is adjusted in the direction of the battery, then the trolley is lifted to be close to the battery, then the battery is unloaded, the battery is lowered along the track, the trolley drives away along the track and starts to the battery storage rack 300, and when the battery replacement trolley is parked at a preset position, the battery grabbing mechanism 400 grabs a battery assembly with insufficient power and places the battery assembly on the charging platform 100 for charging; then the battery grabbing mechanism 400 grabs and sends the battery assembly with the full electric quantity to the battery replacing trolley. And the battery replacing trolley enters the lower part of the chassis again to repeat the previous action and install the battery on the vehicle, so that the charging and battery replacing operation of the battery is completed.

The components are described in detail below with reference to fig. 30-33.

The battery storage rack 300 includes a first rack 330 installed on the ground, a temporary storage rack 320, and a plurality of floors 340 disposed on the first rack 330. The deck 340 is used for mounting the charging platform 100 as described in embodiment 1. The temporary storage rack 320 is arranged on the inner side of the first rack 330 and is used for temporarily placing the power-lack battery transported by the power change trolley; or temporarily place a fully charged battery assembly that is gripped by the battery gripping mechanism 400.

In the example, the battery replacing trolley is an RGV trolley which is used for replacing a battery assembly of the electric automobile. The RGV carriage in this example is a rail car, moves on rails and moves to and from between the battery swapping station, into which an electric vehicle with a battery assembly to be replaced travels, and the battery storage rack 300. In one possible embodiment, there are two temporary storage racks 320, each of which is fixed inside the first rack 330. The temporary storage rack 320 includes: the first cross bar 323 and the second cross bar 325 are arranged on the vertical beam of the first frame 330, and the first cross bar 323 and the second cross bar are arranged in parallel at intervals; two vertical bars 324 are also provided between the first and second cross bars. To improve the stability of the temporary storage rack 320, vertical bars 324 are also welded to the stringers 310 on the first frame 330. Two support rods 327 are vertically and fixedly connected to one side of the second cross rod, and the front ends of the two support rods 327 are fixedly connected to the third cross rod 321. Two of the support bars 327 and the third cross bar 321 form a support surface therebetween for supporting the bottom end surface of the battery assembly. A pressure sensor 326 is also provided on one side of the vertical bar 324, and the pressure sensor 326 senses pressure changes on the supporting surface to determine whether the temporary storage rack 320 temporarily stores the battery assembly. Further, in order to increase the rigidity of the supporting surface, the temporary storage rack 320 further includes a reinforcing rib 322, one end of the reinforcing rib 322 is fixed to the middle of the supporting rod 327, and the other end is fixed to the upper end of the vertical rod 324.

As shown in fig. 12-16, the battery gripping mechanism 400 includes a second frame 420, a second driving member, a weight 440, and a gripping assembly 460.

The second frame 420 is mainly used for carrying the second driving member, the weight 440 and the grabbing assembly 460. The second frame 420 has a pair of vertically disposed first vertical beams 421 and another pair of vertically disposed second vertical beams 422, and the front ends of the first and second vertical beams are connected by a rectangular frame 423, thereby forming an integral frame structure. A counterweight 440 is slidably connected between the first vertical beam 421 and the second vertical beam 422. A second driving member is installed at the upper end of the rectangular frame 423, the second driving member in this example comprises a first servo motor 410 installed on one side of the rectangular frame 423 through a coupler, a second bearing seat 411 is arranged on the rectangular frame 423, a rotating shaft 413 is rotatably installed on the second bearing seat, and a moving gear is assembled on the rotating shaft 413; the moving gear is in transmission connection with a balancing weight 440 through a transmission chain 430.

The gripper assembly 460 includes a bottom receiving plate 461 and a telescoping arm 462 mounted to the bottom receiving plate 461. When the bottom receiving plate 461 is positioned adjacent the temporary storage shelf 320 or adjacent the tier floor 340, the telescoping end of the telescoping arm 462 extends to the bottom of the battery assembly and secures the battery assembly; the retraction of the end of the arm 462 returns the battery assembly to the bottom support plate 461. In one possible embodiment, the telescopic arm 462 is a cylinder, a vacuum chuck is disposed on a piston end of the cylinder, and the battery assembly is fixed by suction through the vacuum chuck; however, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the telescopic arm 462 may also be an electric telescopic rod, and the like, and is not limited herein.

A second roller 463 extends from the side edge of the bottom bearing plate 461, and the second roller 463 is slidably connected with the side wall of the first vertical beam 421; the upper portions of the second vertical beam 422 and the first vertical beam 421 are both provided with a fixed pulley block, a connecting end of the fixed pulley block is connected with the balancing weight 440, the other end of the fixed pulley block is connected with the bottom bearing plate 461, so that the balancing weight 440 and the bottom bearing plate 461 form an equal-arm lever structure on the fixed pulley block, the load of the bottom bearing plate 461 is offset by the weight of the balancing weight, and the power generated by the first servo motor 410 can realize the lifting of the load only by breaking the balance of the acting force and the reaction force, thereby reducing the energy loss of the first servo motor, saving energy, realizing small power and improving the effect of large load. The second roller 463 serves as a guide for the bottom receiving plate 461 to move on the first vertical beam 421 or the second vertical beam 422, and the bottom receiving plate 461 will not shift when ascending or descending.

In the specific implementation process: the battery replacement trolley places the battery assembly 200 with power loss on the temporary storage rack 320, at the moment, the pressure sensor 326 senses the power loss, the first servo motor 410 rotates forwards to drive the rotating shaft 413 arranged on the second bearing seat 411 to rotate, the driving gear is meshed with the transmission chain 430 to enable the balancing weight 440 to move upwards, the bottom bearing plate 461 at the other end of the fixed pulley block moves downwards to enable the bottom bearing plate 461 to be positioned near the temporary storage rack 320, and at the moment, the telescopic end of the telescopic arm 462 extends to the bottom of the battery assembly and fixes the battery assembly; the telescopic end of the telescopic arm 462 returns to bring the battery assembly back to the bottom bearing plate 461; then the first servo motor 410 rotates reversely to make the weight block 440 move downwards, the bottom bearing plate 461 drives the battery assembly 200 to rise to the layer plate 340 on the first frame 330, at this time, the telescopic end of the telescopic arm 462 drives the battery assembly to enter the upper end of the charging platform, then the first servo motor 410 rotates forwards to make the telescopic arm 462 descend until the battery assembly descends to a certain height and is stabilized on the charging platform, at this time, the telescopic arm 462 returns to complete the charging action.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile trades electric charging system which characterized in that includes:

the battery replacing platform comprises a vehicle body, and a traveling mechanism (20) and a battery locking and unlocking mechanism (50) lifting mechanism (40) which are arranged on the vehicle body; the movement path of the walking mechanism passes through the electricity changing platform to reach the position below the electricity changing position; the battery locking and unlocking mechanism (50) is arranged on the vehicle body through a lifting mechanism (40), and the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the battery locking and unlocking mechanism to a battery replacement position; the battery locking and unlocking mechanism (50) is used for locking and unlocking the battery assembly;

the battery storage rack (300) is arranged on a motion path of the travelling mechanism, and a plurality of charging platforms are arranged on the battery storage rack; the charging platform is used for charging the battery assembly with insufficient power; and

a battery capture mechanism (400) mounted on one side of the battery storage rack for placing an unlocked battery assembly on the charging platform (100).

2. The electric vehicle battery replacement charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charging platform (100) comprises:

a first positioning portion (130) having a top tab (120) for restraining a battery assembly;

a second positioning portion (140), wherein a reset mechanism is arranged between the second positioning portion (140) and the first positioning portion (130); the first positioning part and the second positioning part have a certain interval in the height direction;

a first guide part (170) that passes through the first positioning part and is provided on the second positioning part (140); the front end of the first guide part penetrates out of the first positioning part, and a guide groove (171) is formed in the first guide part (170); the groove length direction of the guide groove (171) is inclined relative to the horizontal plane; and

the charging positioning part (150) is used for fixing a charging connector matched with a charging interface of the battery assembly; the connecting end of the charging positioning part is movably arranged in the guide groove (171).

3. The electric vehicle battery replacement and charging system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the charging positioning portion (150) is slidably connected to the first positioning portion (130).

4. The electric vehicle battery replacement and charging system according to claim 3, wherein a third positioning part (160) is arranged at the upper end of the first positioning part (130), and one end of the first guide part (170) also penetrates out of the third positioning part; horizontal sliding rails (158) arranged on the third positioning parts (160) are further arranged on two sides of the first guide part;

the charging positioning part (150) comprises a plate-shaped body, and the plate-shaped body (154) is bent towards one side to form a transverse plate (157); the horizontal sliding rail (158) is connected with the bottom of the transverse plate (157) through a sliding horizontal sliding block (159).

5. The electric vehicle battery replacement and charging system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the battery locking and unlocking mechanism (50) comprises:

the lifting mechanism comprises a first mounting part (51) and an unlocking device, wherein the first mounting part is floatingly mounted on the lifting mechanism, the unlocking device comprises a limiting part and a trigger (52), and the limiting part is movably arranged on the first mounting part through a first driving source (54); and

the trigger (52) of fixed setting on first installation department, trigger (52) are used for lifting mechanism lifts the in-process, triggers the locker of setting on the battery assembly, first driving source is used for the drive joint to add the unblock in the spacing portion of battery assembly.

6. The battery replacing and charging system for the electric automobile as claimed in claim 5, wherein the middle part of the first mounting part (51) is hinged at the upper end of the lifting mechanism; the head and the tail of the first installation part (51) are both elastically connected with the upper end of the lifting mechanism through elastic pieces.

7. The electric vehicle battery replacing and charging system according to claim 6, wherein a pair of slide rails (534) are arranged on the upper surface of the first mounting part (51), and the slide rails (534) are slidably connected with the second mounting part (53) through a first driving source; the limiting part comprises a movable clamping support (531);

a movable clamping support (531) is arranged on the second mounting part; the first driving source drives the second mounting portion (53) to move linearly in the slide rail (534).

8. The battery replacement and charging system for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein the limiting portion further comprises a fixing clip holder (532), and the fixing clip holder (532) is mounted on the first mounting portion (51); the movable clamping support (531) is arranged on the edge of the second installation part (53), the movable clamping support (531) is provided with a convex column (5311) extending out of the clamping block body (5310), and the front end of the convex block (5311) is thinned to form a tip.

9. The electric vehicle charging system according to claim 8, wherein at least two suction pads (533) are disposed on the second mounting portion (53), and at least one suction pad (533) is mounted near the movable card holder (531).

10. The battery replacing and charging system for the electric automobile as claimed in claim 9, wherein a side groove is formed in one side of the second mounting portion (53), and the trigger (52) penetrates through the side groove; and the trigger (52) comprises a convex plate-shaped body, one end of the plate-shaped body is bent towards one side to form a fixing part, and the fixing part is installed on the edge of the first installation part (51).