CN117468251A - 一种高透气ptfe纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备 - Google Patents
一种高透气ptfe纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,包括沿物料方向依次设置的基布放卷装置、涂膜装置、凝固槽、水洗装置、第一张力控制装置、烘干装置、冷却辊、上胶辊、预压装置、第二张力控制装置、热压装置、湿气喷洒装置、固化装置、面料收卷装置;还包括搅拌装置,搅拌装置用于将PTFE高粘度微乳液搅拌获得均匀涂覆液,并输入至涂膜装置中;还包括上胶组件,所述上胶组件用于配合所述上胶辊进行上胶过程。与现有技术相比,本发明基于高粘度微乳液相分离方法的优势,可实现PTFE防水透湿膜的连续化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防水透湿面料制造设备,尤其是涉及一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备。
背景技术
防水透湿织物作为功能纺织品的典型代表之一,在防止外界雨水渗透的同时,能够将人体产生的汗液和湿气及时排出体外,被人称为“会呼吸的面料”。目前的防水透湿织物总体分为三类:高密织物、涂层织物和层压织物。层压复合面料可以同时表现出优异的耐水渗透性能和透湿性能。层压复合面料是具有多层复合结构的功能性面料,其核心层是兼具防水性和透湿性的防水透湿膜材料。防水透气膜既能够防止液体水渗透到织物的内部,又能够使得人体的汗液以水蒸气分子的形式透过传导到外部,不在体表和织物之间积聚冷凝,从而防止穿着发闷和湿冷感的现象,保证舒适感。
常用的防水透湿膜主要有PU膜、TPU膜和PTFE膜,其中PU膜和TPU膜属于亲水性无孔膜,膜表面和内部不存在孔道结构,水完全无法渗透,因此具有极高的耐水渗透性,但亲水性无孔膜的不足之处在于只有与液态水或汗液直接接触时才能有效传导水分子,如果只是处于较高湿度条件下,由于亲水性基团所能捕获的水分子较少而无法快速传导。PTFE膜是内部具有大量连通的微米级孔道结构的膜材料,膜内部连通的孔道可以为水蒸气的传递提供通道,具有良好的透湿性;而且该膜是由疏水性聚四氟乙烯为原料制得的,能够抵抗具有一定压力的液态水向其内部渗透,防水性好。
PTFE膜主要制备方法包括双向拉伸法、静电纺丝法和相分离法。常规制作过程是将聚四氟乙烯分散树脂与液体助剂混合,通过压延法将混合物制成薄片,再用机器双向拉伸薄片,制得PTFE微孔膜。其工艺流程为:PTFE树脂、助剂(选料)→混合→压延→双向拉伸→卷取。由常规的双向拉伸方法制得的薄膜的孔径为0.3~5μm,难以生产孔径在0.3μm以下的薄膜。静电纺丝法制备PTFE纳米纤维膜的力学性能较差,一般要在纺丝载体如PVA的辅助下进行,纯PTFE纳米纤维的形成借助高温烧结分解纺载体,制备流程较长,产量较低,从而限制了静电纺纤维基防水透湿膜的应用性能。相分离法具有制造工艺简单、成本低廉、可连续化生产且孔结构可调等技术特点,所制备的防水透湿膜所具有孔径小、孔隙率高等结构优势,是层压防水透湿织物的核心功能层的理想选择。而这类方法用于PTFE膜制备的连续化设备几乎没有,因此亟需开发一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,基于高粘度微乳液相分离方法的优势,可实现PTFE防水透湿膜的连续化生产。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
本发明提供一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,包括沿物料方向依次设置的基布放卷装置、涂膜装置、凝固槽、水洗装置、第一张力控制装置、烘干装置、冷却辊、上胶辊、预压装置、第二张力控制装置、热压装置、湿气喷洒装置、固化装置、面料收卷装置;
还包括搅拌装置,所述搅拌装置用于将PTFE高粘度微乳液搅拌获得均匀涂覆液,并输入至涂膜装置中;
还包括上胶组件,所述上胶组件用于配合所述上胶辊进行上胶过程。
进一步地,所述搅拌装置包括混合容器和设于混合容器中的搅拌器。
进一步地,所述搅拌装置为锚框式搅拌器、双层浆式搅拌器或两者相结合的搅拌装置,所述搅拌装置将PTFE高粘度微乳液经高速搅拌后,获得均匀涂覆液。
进一步地,所述涂膜装置中的刮刀为“J”型刀,采用梯度式刮膜,第一道间隙0.3~1.0mm,第二道间隙0.10~0.50mm,可实现对涂膜厚度的精准控制,保证PTFE防水透湿膜的均匀性和平整性。
进一步地,所述凝固槽设有四层,第一层长度为15~20m,第二层和第三层长度为10~15m,最后一层长度为18~22m;
所述凝固槽中设有超声波浓度计,
所述超声波浓度计为超声波多光束浓度传感器;
所述水洗装置为喷淋式水洗装置,包括水洗槽和喷淋头,还包括带有自净化功能的净化装置,以此实现对水的循环利用;
所述净化装置包括过滤器;
所述水洗装置包括5~8个槽。
进一步地,所述烘干装置包括烘干机和夹具,所述夹具对PTFE膜进行张力加持,避免膜产生收缩导致后续面料复合时因收缩差异织物面形成树皮效果。
进一步地,所述张力控制装置为一对五辊张力控制装置,以此防止PTFE膜收缩的同时赋予PTFE膜牵引力。
进一步地,所述上胶组件包括依次连接的加压装置、储胶装置、计量泵,所述计量泵的输出端通过管路将胶液输送至上胶辊上。
进一步地,所述上胶组件还包括挡板,挡板与自动升降装置连接,通过感应与上胶辊的距离,可改变两者之间的间隙,自动除去多余的胶液,以实现精准上胶。
进一步地,所述热压装置的温度为80~100℃,热压压强为100~150kPa;
所述湿气喷洒装置的底部设有喷雾管和雾化器,所述喷雾管上设有若干喷雾孔,所述喷雾孔沿所述喷雾管的长度方向均匀排列。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下技术优势:
(1)本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,基于高粘度微乳液相分离方法的优势,可实现PTFE防水透湿膜的连续化生产。
(2)本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,组合式搅拌器的设计,将锚框式搅拌器与双层浆式搅拌器组合使用,可防止壁面附着且原料充分搅拌,以获得均匀铸膜液。
(3)本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,超声波浓度计的自动化、高精度设计,保证凝固槽中溶液的浓度在一定范围内,实现防水透湿膜品质的精准控制。
(4)本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,上胶辊装置可调节挡板的设计,使得施胶量精确,不浪费胶的同时保证了高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的精准复合。
(5)本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,张力调节装置的设计,实现对面料与防水透湿膜复合时所需张力的稳定控制,保证了面料与膜贴合平齐,避免错位和起皱,影响面料的实际使用。
(6)本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,湿气喷洒装置的设计,加快胶的固化,保证了面料与膜的复合效率和复合牢度。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿膜连续化制造设备示意图;
图2为本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿膜连续化制造设备中搅拌杆示意图;
图3为本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿膜连续化制造设备中刮刀及其底板示意图;
图4为本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿膜连续化制造设备中干燥装置俯视图;
图5为本发明的一种高透气PTFE防水透湿膜复合装置中点胶辊示意图。
图中标记说明:
1-基布放卷装置;2-搅拌装置;3-涂膜装置;4-凝固槽;5-水洗装置;6-第一张力控制装置;7-烘干装置;8-冷却辊;9-上胶辊;10-挡板;11-加压装置;12-储胶装置;13-加热套;14-计量泵;15-导管;16-面料放卷装置;17-预压装置;18-第二张力控制装置;19-热压装置;20-湿气喷洒装置;21-固化装置;22-面料收卷装置;23-搅拌器;24-超声波浓度计;25-净化装置;26-喷淋装置。
具体实施方式
整体上,为保证高透气PTFE防水透湿膜的连续、高效生产等,本发明提供了一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,具体参见图1所示,包括:
基布放卷装置1;
将搅拌装置2与涂膜装置3连接刮涂PTFE膜;
将上述PTFE膜输送到与涂膜装置3连接的凝固槽4;
将上述PTFE膜输送到与凝固槽4连接的水洗装置5;
将上述PTFE膜输送到第一张力控制装置6并利用烘干装置7烘干,待复合;
将储胶装置12里的PUR胶经过加压装置11、加热套13、计量泵14、导管15输送到上胶辊9;
上述PUR胶经位于上胶辊9正上方的挡板10控制施胶量,点胶于上述待复合的PTFE膜上;
面料放卷装置16;
将上胶辊9输送出来的PTFE膜与放卷装置16的面料用预压装置17相复合;
用第二张力控制装置18输送到热压装置19上复合;
用湿气喷洒装置20和固化装置21将上述复合面料固化后用面料收卷装置22收卷。
在一些具体的实施方式中,请再参见图2所示,所述搅拌装置2可选择锚框式搅拌器、双层浆式搅拌器或两者相结合的搅拌装置,将PTFE高粘度微乳液经高速搅拌后,获得均匀涂覆液。
在一些具体的实施方式中,请再参见图3所示,所述涂膜装置3中的刮刀为“J”型刀,采用梯度式刮膜,第一道间隙0.3~1.0mm,第二道间隙0.10~0.50mm,可实现对涂膜厚度的精准控制,保证PTFE防水透湿膜的均匀性和平整性。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述凝固槽4有四层,第一层长度为15~20m,第二层和第三层长度为10~15m,最后一层长度为18~22m。所述超声波浓度计利用超声波多光束浓度传感器,对所有测量值使用常规算术平均值,保证整体凝固槽4中凝固浴的浓度在一定范围内。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述水洗装置5采用喷淋式,可选择下垂型喷头、直立型喷头的喷淋装置25,安装距水洗槽底部距离为75mm~150mm,离墙距离为50~100mm。带有自净化功能的净化装置25实现对水的循环利用,并且利用喷淋的冲力实现加快去除溶剂的目的。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述水洗装置5一共有5~8个槽,每个槽总长不低于10~20m,实现溶剂的无残留,避免后续烘干溶剂溶孔导致孔结构的塌陷。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述烘干装置7采用热风烘干,温度在100℃~150℃,总长不低于20~30m。
在一些具体的实施方式中,请再参见图4所示,所述烘干装置左右利用夹具对PTFE膜进行张力加持,避免膜产生收缩导致后续面料复合时因收缩差异织物面形成树皮效果。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述第一张力控制装置6为一对五辊张力控制装置,防止PTFE膜收缩的同时赋予其一定牵引力,使烘干效率更高,烘干效果更佳。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述挡板10厚度不低于10~50cm,材质可选不锈钢、聚四氟乙烯等。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述热压装置13温度在80~100℃,压强:100~150kPa,总长不低于1~2m。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述湿气喷洒装置14的底部连接有喷雾管和雾化器,所述喷雾管设有若干喷雾孔,所述喷雾孔沿所述喷雾管的长度方向均匀排列。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述湿气喷洒装置14通过湿度传感器实时反馈,智能调控喷洒量,湿度调节在80%~100%。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述车速调节在15~20m/min。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。本技术方案中如未明确说明的部件型号、材料名称、连接结构、控制方法、算法等特征,均视为现有技术中公开的常见技术特征。
需要强调的是,本发明中如果没有明确说明的装置或者部件,均可以认为是本领域常规且可以通过商业途径购买的设备。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种高透气PTFE防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,包括搅拌装置,凝固槽,水洗槽,烘干装置,上胶装置,热压复合装置,张力辊,湿气固化装置。整个装置如图1所示。具体包括:
基布放卷装置1;
将搅拌装置2与涂膜装置3连接刮涂PTFE膜;
将上述PTFE膜输送到与涂膜装置3连接的凝固槽4;
将上述PTFE膜输送到与凝固槽4连接的水洗装置5;
将上述PTFE膜输送到第一张力控制装置6并利用烘干装置7烘干,待复合;
将储胶装置12里的PUR胶经过加压装置11、加热套13、计量泵14、导管15输送到上胶辊9;
上述PUR胶经位于上胶辊9正上方的挡板10控制施胶量,点胶于上述待复合的PTFE膜上;
面料放卷装置16;
将上胶辊9输送出来的PTFE膜与放卷装置16的面料用预压装置17相复合;
用第二张力控制装置18输送到热压装置19上复合;
用湿气喷洒装置20和固化装置21将上述复合面料固化后用面料收卷装置22收卷。
所述搅拌装置2选择锚框式搅拌器和双层浆式搅拌器相结合的组合式搅拌装置,将PTFE高粘度微乳液经高速搅拌后,获得粘度为3000cps的均匀涂覆液。
所述涂膜装置3中的刮刀为“J”型刀,采用梯度式刮膜,第一道控制间隙为0.3mm,第二道控制间隙为0.2mm,可实现对涂膜厚度的精准控制,保证PTFE防水透湿膜的均匀性和平整性。
所述凝固槽4有四层,第一层长度为15m,第二层和第三层长度为10m,最后一层长度为18m。所述超声波浓度计利用超声波多光束浓度传感器,对所有测量值使用常规算术平均值,保证整体凝固槽4中凝固浴的浓度在一定范围内。
所述水洗装置5带有自净化功能实现对水的循环利用,并且采用直立型喷头,安装距水洗槽底部距离为75mm,离墙距离为50mm。可改变喷头的喷水方式利用冲击力实现加快去除溶剂的目的。
所述水洗装置5一共有6个槽,每个槽总长15m,实现溶剂的无残留,避免后续烘干溶剂溶孔导致孔结构的塌陷。
所述烘干装置7采用热风烘干,温度在120℃,总长20m。所述烘干装置左右利用三对矩形夹具对PTFE膜进行张力加持,避免膜产生收缩导致后续面料复合时因收缩差异织物面形成树皮效果。
所述第一张力控制装置6为一对五辊张力控制装置,张力为防止PTFE膜收缩的同时赋予其一定牵引力,使烘干效率更高,烘干效果更佳。
所述挡板10厚度为20cm,挡板与上胶辊的间隙根据多余的胶液量自动调节,材质为不锈钢。挡板10与自动升降装置连接,通过感应与上胶辊的距离,可改变两者之间的间隙,自动除去多余的胶液,以实现精准上胶。自动升降装置可采用工业机械臂或现有的自动升降架。
所述热压装置13温度在80℃,压强100kPa,总长1m。
所述湿气喷洒装置14的底部连接有喷雾管和雾化器,所述喷雾管为增强型高压PE喷雾管,所述雾化器为高压自动喷雾器,效率高、劳动强度低、可连续作业,直喷射程7~11m。
所述湿气喷洒装置14通过湿度传感器实时反馈,智能调控喷洒量在500g/h,湿度调节在90%±1%。
所述车速调节在15m/min。
应用例1
利用本实施例设备制备一种高透气PTFE防水透湿复合面料的具体过程如下:
(1)PTFE膜的制备:将基布经放卷装置1输入,整体车速控制在15m/min,将PTFE高粘度微乳液经搅拌装置2充分搅拌均匀后输送到涂膜装置3中,经涂膜装置3梯度式刮膜(第一道间隙0.3mm,第二道间隙0.2mm)在基布上后,一起进入凝固槽4凝固5min、水洗装置5采用直立式喷淋冲洗7min,并通过第一张力控制装置6获得稳定张力输送并经烘干装置7内部左右两边特殊夹具的张力加持,避免PTFE膜的收缩,设定120℃热风烘干2min,经冷却辊8冷却15s后得到待复合的PTFE膜。
(2)上胶:将加压装置11压力设定在5MPa,加热套13温度设定在100℃,利用计量泵14和导管15,将粘度为3000cps的PUR热熔胶进行输送,并施胶在上胶辊9的凹槽中,用设置温度为100℃,间隙1mm的挡板10刮去多余胶量,辊体通过转动将PUR热熔胶均匀地点胶于PTFE膜上,实现高透气。
(3)面料复合:将上述第二步中获得的带点胶的PTFE膜与放卷装置16放卷出来的面料经过压力值为0.4MPa的预压装置17,在张力牵伸装置18的作用下,进入总长2m、温度为120℃、热贴合压力为0.5MPa的热压装置19中进行热压复合,在湿气喷洒装置20和固化装置21的作用下使PUR热熔胶与水雾反应固化,最终得到一种高透气PTFE防水透湿复合面料,并收卷在收卷装置22上。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,包括沿物料方向依次设置的基布放卷装置(1)、涂膜装置(3)、凝固槽(4)、水洗装置(5)、第一张力控制装置(6)、烘干装置(7)、冷却辊(8)、上胶辊(9)、预压装置(17)、第二张力控制装置(18)、热压装置(19)、湿气喷洒装置(20)、固化装置(21)、面料收卷装置(22);
还包括搅拌装置(2),所述搅拌装置(2)用于将PTFE高粘度微乳液搅拌获得均匀涂覆液,并输入至涂膜装置(3)中;
还包括上胶组件,所述上胶组件用于配合所述上胶辊(9)进行上胶过程。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述搅拌装置(2)包括混合容器和设于混合容器中的搅拌器(23)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述搅拌装置(2)为锚框式搅拌器、双层浆式搅拌器或两者相结合的搅拌装置,所述搅拌装置(2)将PTFE高粘度微乳液经高速搅拌后,获得均匀涂覆液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述涂膜装置(3)中的刮刀为“J”型刀,采用梯度式刮膜,第一道间隙0.3~1.0mm,第二道间隙0.10~0.50mm,可实现对涂膜厚度的精准控制,保证PTFE防水透湿膜的均匀性和平整性。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述凝固槽(4)设有四层,第一层长度为15~20m,第二层和第三层长度为10~15m,最后一层长度为18~22m;
所述凝固槽(4)中设有超声波浓度计(24),
所述超声波浓度计(24)为超声波多光束浓度传感器;
所述水洗装置(5)为喷淋式水洗装置,包括水洗槽和喷淋头,还包括带有自净化功能的净化装置(25),以此实现对水的循环利用;
所述净化装置(25)包括过滤器;
所述水洗装置(5)包括5~8个槽。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述烘干装置(7)包括烘干机和夹具,所述夹具对PTFE膜进行张力加持,避免膜产生收缩导致后续面料复合时因收缩差异织物面形成树皮效果。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述张力控制装置(6)为一对五辊张力控制装置,以此防止PTFE膜收缩的同时赋予PTFE膜牵引力。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述上胶组件包括依次连接的加压装置(11)、储胶装置(12)、计量泵(14),所述计量泵(14)的输出端通过管路将胶液输送至上胶辊(9)上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述上胶组件还包括挡板(10),挡板(10)与自动升降装置连接,通过感应与上胶辊的距离,可改变两者之间的间隙,自动除去多余的胶液,以实现精准上胶。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种高透气PTFE纳米纤维防水透湿面料的连续化制造设备,其特征在于,所述热压装置(13)的温度为80~100℃,热压压强为100~150kPa;
所述湿气喷洒装置(14)的底部设有喷雾管和雾化器,所述喷雾管上设有若干喷雾孔,所述喷雾孔沿所述喷雾管的长度方向均匀排列。
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