CN117461541A - Straw fiber soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Straw fiber soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117461541A CN117461541A CN202311449941.9A CN202311449941A CN117461541A CN 117461541 A CN117461541 A CN 117461541A CN 202311449941 A CN202311449941 A CN 202311449941A CN 117461541 A CN117461541 A CN 117461541A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WUMMIJWEUDHZCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=CCC1CC(=O)OC1=O WUMMIJWEUDHZCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003916 ethylene diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003176 fibrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Substances CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000004753 Schiff bases Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J103/00—Adhesives based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products
- C09J103/04—Starch derivatives
- C09J103/10—Oxidised starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses straw fiber soil and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of ecological protection and comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-250 parts of northeast black charcoal soil, 40-60 parts of vermiculite powder, 60-100 parts of fungus chaff, 60-100 parts of straw fiber, 20-30 parts of super absorbent resin and 50-80 parts of starch-based bonding component; wherein the starch-based binding component is made by the steps of: mixing oxidized starch and anhydrous DMF, adding an organosilicon grafting component, stirring and reacting for 4-6h to obtain a starch-based bonding component, wherein the starch-based bonding component is organosilicon modified oxidized starch, has good bonding performance, and a molecular chain contains S i-O-S i bonds and is rich in hydrophobic S i-CH 3 And siloxane and other structures, have good bonding effect and film forming effect, and endow the fiber soil with good structural stability, antibacterial effect and anti-scouring performance, so that the fiber soil effectively plays an ecological restoration role.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological protection, and particularly relates to straw fiber soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The foreign ecological protection concept starts earlier, and a newly developed Fiber soil greening construction method (Fiber-soil Greening Method) in 1973 in Japan marks the beginning of the ecological protection engineering of the rock slope, namely a thick-layer base material spraying construction method, and the ecological protection is convenient to achieve good effects by mixing fibers, sandy soil and mud and performing step-type spraying.
Along with development of mineral resources, a large amount of exposed slopes of mines are caused, so that water and soil loss is serious in mining areas, soil fertility is reduced, vegetation grows difficultly, fiber soil is a widely applied repairing technology in current mine slope repairing, but the existing fiber soil has the problems of poor structure, low antibacterial property, poor scour resistance and the like after falling to the ground, so that plant germination and growth are greatly influenced, when repairing high steep slopes, water and fertilizer loss is easily caused by long-term erosion of the fiber soil due to large gradients, plant growth is poor, and repairing effects are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide straw fiber soil and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of poor structural property, low antibacterial property and poor scouring resistance of the existing fiber soil after falling to the ground, so that the fiber soil can effectively play a repairing role.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the straw fiber soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
150-250 parts of northeast black charcoal soil, 40-60 parts of vermiculite powder, 60-100 parts of fungus chaff, 60-100 parts of straw fiber, 20-30 parts of super absorbent resin and 50-80 parts of starch-based bonding component.
The preparation method of the straw fiber soil comprises the following steps:
according to the weight parts, the northeast black carbon soil, vermiculite powder, perlite, straw fiber, super absorbent resin and starch-based bonding components are uniformly mixed.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the starch-based adhesive component is prepared by the following steps:
mixing oxidized starch and anhydrous DMF, stirring uniformly, adding an organosilicon grafting component, stirring at 60-70 ℃ for reaction for 4-6 hours, and removing DMF by rotary evaporation after the reaction is finished to obtain a starch-based bonding component, wherein the dosage ratio of the oxidized starch, the anhydrous DMF and the organosilicon grafting component is 5-7g:100mL:1.5-3.4g of a starch-based adhesive component having a Schiff base structure is formed by reacting an aldehyde group of oxidized starch with an amino group of an organosilicon grafting component.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the organosilicon grafting component is prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding allyl succinic anhydride, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, triethylamine and toluene into a flask, heating to 110 ℃, stirring and reacting for 12-24 hours, and removing the toluene and the triethylamine by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished to obtain difunctional siloxane;
s2, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil, toluene and Karstedt catalyst into a flask, heating to 85 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, reacting for 10min, dropwise adding a toluene solution of difunctional siloxane, heating to 90 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, continuously reacting for 2-3h, and removing toluene by rotary evaporation after the reaction is finished to obtain modified silicone oil;
s3, mixing the modified silicone oil and DMSO, uniformly stirring, adding EDC, HCl and NHS, continuously stirring for 0.5h, adding hyperbranched polyamidoamine, stirring for 24h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove DMSO after the reaction is finished, thereby obtaining the organosilicon grafted component.
Firstly, using allyl succinic anhydride and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane as raw materials, under the catalysis of triethylamine, enabling amino groups to react with anhydride groups to obtain difunctional siloxane containing allyl groups and carboxyl groups, and then under the action of Karstedt's catalyst, enabling the allyl groups of the difunctional siloxane and silicon hydrogen bonds of hydrogen-containing silicon oil to undergo hydrosilylation reaction to obtain modified silicon oil, wherein the modified silicon oil contains Si-O-Si bonds and Si-CH bonds 3 And finally, grafting hyperbranched polyamidoamine on the molecular chain of the corrected silicone oil by amide reaction between amino and carboxyl to obtain the organosilicon grafting component.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the dosage ratio of the allyl succinic anhydride, the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the triethylamine and the toluene in the S1 is 0.1mol:0.1mol:0.7-1g:300-500mL.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the dosage ratio of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil, the Karstedt catalyst and the difunctional siloxane in the S2 is 10g:50 μl:3.6-4.2g, and the mass fraction of active hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is 0.1%.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the dosage ratio of the modified silicone oil, DMSO, EDC.HCl, NHS and hyperbranched polyamidoamine in S3 is 5.2g:150-200mL:0.84-0.98g:0.48-0.52g:0.4-0.6g.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, oxidized starch is prepared by the following steps:
mixing water-soluble starch and deionized water, stirring for 2 hours, adding 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution, stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 30 minutes, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 1 hour, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by adopting 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, continuously stirring for 20 minutes, suction-filtering, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven to obtain oxidized starch, wherein the mass ratio of the water-soluble starch to the deionized water to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 5:7:0.6.
as a further technical scheme of the invention, the water-soluble starch is one or a mixture of more of water-soluble corn starch, water-soluble tapioca starch and water-soluble potato starch.
Further, the super absorbent resin is a polyacrylic super absorbent resin, and is specifically selected from one or more of BC388SDA, basoff 90S, catalysts CAW101 and LG 802.
Further, the straw fiber is one or more of cotton straw fiber powder, rice straw fiber, corn straw fiber and wheat straw fiber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a straw fiber soil, which consists of northeast black charcoal soil, vermiculite powder, mushroom bran, straw fiber, super absorbent resin and starch-based bonding components, and has the advantages of simple preparation method and convenient application, wherein the mushroom bran is a waste solid matrix remained after edible fungi cultivation, contains nutritional elements such as protein, fat, lignin and the like, has a certain water retention property, can improve the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil after being added into the soil, contains abundant crude cellulose and hemicellulose, has water absorption, and the starch-based bonding components are organic silicon modified oxidized starchHas good adhesive property, molecular chain contains Si-O-Si bond and is rich in hydrophobic Si-CH 3 The structure of the invention is characterized in that the structure of the invention is also provided with a structure of the invention, and the structure of the invention is provided with a structure of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The organosilicon grafting component is prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding 0.1mol of allyl succinic anhydride, 0.1mol of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, 0.7g of triethylamine and 300mL of toluene into a flask, heating to 110 ℃, stirring and reacting for 12 hours, and removing the toluene and the triethylamine by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished to obtain the silicon containing difunctional;
s2, adding 10g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (the mass fraction of active hydrogen is 0.1%), 200mL of toluene and 50 mu L of Karstedt catalyst into a flask, heating to 85 ℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere, reacting for 10min, dropwise adding a solution consisting of 3.6g of difunctional siloxane and 30mL of toluene, heating to 90 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, continuing to react for 2h, and removing toluene by rotary evaporation after the reaction is finished to obtain modified silicone oil;
s3, mixing 5.2g of modified silicone oil and 150mL of DMSO, uniformly stirring, adding 0.84g of EDC and HCl and 0.48g of NHS, continuously stirring for 0.5h, adding 0.4g of hyperbranched polyamidoamine (CYD-100A, PAMAM, ethylenediamine core, purchased from Shanghai morning source molecular new materials Co., ltd.), stirring, reacting for 24h, and removing DMSO by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished to obtain the organosilicon grafting component.
Example 2
The organosilicon grafting component is prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding 0.1mol of allyl succinic anhydride, 0.1mol of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, 1g of triethylamine and 500mL of toluene into a flask, heating to 110 ℃, stirring and reacting for 24 hours, and removing the toluene and the triethylamine by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished to obtain the silicon containing difunctional;
s2, adding 10g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (the mass fraction of active hydrogen is 0.1%), 200mL of toluene and 50 mu L of Karstedt catalyst into a flask, heating to 85 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, reacting for 10min, dropwise adding a solution consisting of 4.2g of difunctional siloxane and 30mL of toluene, heating to 90 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, continuously reacting for 2h, and removing toluene by rotary evaporation after the reaction is finished to obtain modified silicone oil;
s3, mixing 5.2g of modified silicone oil and 200mL of DMSO, uniformly stirring, adding 0.98g of EDC and HCl and 0.52g of NHS, continuously stirring for 0.5h, adding 0.6g of hyperbranched polyamidoamine (CYD-100A, PAMAM, ethylenediamine core, purchased from Shanghai morning source molecular new materials Co., ltd.), stirring, reacting for 24h, and removing DMSO by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished to obtain the organosilicon grafting component.
Comparative example 1
The organosilicon grafting component is prepared by the following steps:
10g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (0.5% PHMS, purchased from Nanjing Cheng Taike New Material Co., ltd.), 200mL of toluene and 50 mu L of Karstedt's catalyst are added into a flask, the mixture is heated to 50 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere and reacted for 10min, a solution consisting of 1.2g of allylamine and 30mL of toluene is added dropwise, after the dropwise addition is finished, the mixture is heated to 90 ℃ for continuous reaction for 2h, and after the reaction is finished, toluene is removed by rotary evaporation, so that the organosilicon grafting component is obtained.
Example 3
The starch-based binding component is made by the steps of:
mixing 5g of oxidized starch and 100mL of anhydrous DMF, uniformly stirring, adding 1.5g of the organosilicon grafting component of the example 1, stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, and removing DMF by rotary evaporation after the reaction is finished to obtain a starch-based bonding component;
wherein the oxidized starch is prepared by the following steps:
mixing 5g of water-soluble corn starch and 7g of deionized water, stirring for 2 hours, adding 0.6g of 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution, stirring at 60 ℃ for 30 minutes, heating to 80 ℃ for stirring for 1 hour, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, continuing stirring for 20 minutes, suction filtering, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven to obtain the oxidized starch.
Example 4
The starch-based binding component is made by the steps of:
mixing 7g of oxidized starch and 100mL of anhydrous DMF, uniformly stirring, adding 3.4g of the organosilicon grafting component of the example 2, stirring at 70 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours, and removing DMF by rotary evaporation after the reaction is finished to obtain a starch-based bonding component; oxidized starch was as in example 3.
Comparative example 2
In comparison with example 3, the silicone grafted component of example 3 was replaced with the material of comparative example 1, and the remaining materials and preparation process were the same as in example 3.
The starch-based adhesive components of example 3, example 4 and comparative example 2 were prepared into a film material having a radius of 1.5cm and a thickness of 2mm, and then placed in a petri dish, and beef extract peptone was added theretoMedium was removed and 1mL of the medium was used at a concentration of 5X 10 6 CFU/mL of escherichia coli suspension, dropwise adding a pH buffer solution, placing the suspension in a constant temperature and humidity incubator, culturing for 12 hours, measuring the concentration of the bacteria solution after bacteriostasis culture, and testing the antibacterial performance, wherein the test result is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Project | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example 2 |
| Coliform bacteria inhibition rate (%) | 88.6 | 91.2 | 65.4 |
As can be seen from the data recorded in table 1, the starch-based adhesive compositions obtained in example 3 and example 4 have better antimicrobial properties than comparative example 2.
Example 5
The straw fiber soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
150 parts of northeast black charcoal soil, 40 parts of vermiculite powder, 60 parts of fungus chaff, 60 parts of straw fiber, 20 parts of super absorbent resin and 50 parts of starch-based bonding component of example 3.
The preparation method of the straw fiber soil comprises the following steps:
according to the weight parts, the northeast black carbon soil, vermiculite powder, perlite, straw fiber, super absorbent resin and starch-based bonding components are uniformly mixed.
Wherein the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin BC388SDA, and the straw fiber is corn straw fiber.
Example 6
The straw fiber soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
200 parts of northeast black charcoal soil, 50 parts of vermiculite powder, 80 parts of fungus chaff, 80 parts of straw fiber, 25 parts of super absorbent resin and 70 parts of starch-based bonding component of example 4.
The preparation method of the straw fiber soil comprises the following steps:
according to the weight parts, the northeast black carbon soil, vermiculite powder, perlite, straw fiber, super absorbent resin and starch-based bonding components are uniformly mixed.
Wherein the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic super absorbent resin, specifically basf 90S, and the straw fiber is wheat straw fiber.
Example 7
The straw fiber soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
250 parts of northeast black charcoal soil, 60 parts of vermiculite powder, 100 parts of fungus chaff, 100 parts of straw fiber, 30 parts of super absorbent resin and 80 parts of starch-based bonding component of example 4.
The preparation method of the straw fiber soil comprises the following steps:
according to the weight parts, the northeast black carbon soil, vermiculite powder, perlite, straw fiber, super absorbent resin and starch-based bonding components are uniformly mixed.
The water-soluble starch is one or a mixture of more of water-soluble corn starch, water-soluble tapioca starch and water-soluble potato starch, the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic super absorbent resin, the catalyst is specifically selected, and the straw fiber is wheat straw fiber.
Comparative example 3
In comparison with example 5, the starch-based binding component of example 5 was replaced with the material of comparative example 2, and the remaining materials and preparation process were the same as in example 5.
Comparative example 4
In comparison with example 5, the starch-based binding component of example 5 was replaced with oxidized starch of example 3, and the remainder of the raw materials and preparation were the same as in example 5.
Testing the fibrotic soil obtained in the examples 5-7 and the comparative examples 3-4, uniformly scattering the fibrotic soil prepared in each group on concrete slopes of 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees, spraying samples with the thickness of 20cm, weighing the samples before spraying, performing spray precipitation detection, vertically precipitating for 50mm within 24 hours, taking down the samples on the concrete slopes after the spray precipitation detection is finished, weighing, and calculating weight loss rate = (mass before spraying-mass after spraying)/mass before spraying = (100%; then the mixture is fully dried in the sun to see whether the mixture is hardened or not, and the result is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
| Project | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 |
| 45 degree ramp loss Rate (%) | 1.32 | 1.25 | 1.03 | 22.41 | 45.72 |
| 60 ramp loss rate (%) | 2.90 | 2.82 | 2.54 | 31.65 | 52.63 |
| 75 ° ramp loss rate (%) | 5.12 | 5.67 | 5.41 | 41.28 | 59.45 |
| Whether or not the hardening is cracked | Whether or not | Whether or not | Whether or not | Is that | Is that |
As can be seen from table 2, the resulting celluloses of example 5, example 6, and example 7 have higher structural stability and better anti-scouring ability than those of comparative examples 3 and 4.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The straw fiber soil is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
150-250 parts of northeast black charcoal soil, 40-60 parts of vermiculite powder, 60-100 parts of fungus chaff, 60-100 parts of straw fiber, 20-30 parts of super absorbent resin and 50-80 parts of starch-based bonding component;
wherein the starch-based binding component is made by the steps of:
mixing oxidized starch and anhydrous DMF, stirring uniformly, adding the organosilicon grafted component, and stirring at 60-70 ℃ for reaction for 4-6h to obtain the starch-based adhesive component.
2. The straw fiber soil according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the oxidized starch, the anhydrous DMF and the organosilicon grafting component is 5-7g:100mL:1.5-3.4g.
3. A straw fiber soil according to claim 1, wherein the silicone grafted component is made by:
s1, adding allyl succinic anhydride, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, triethylamine and toluene into a flask, heating to 110 ℃, and stirring for reaction for 12-24 hours to obtain difunctional siloxane;
s2, adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil, toluene and Karstedt catalyst into a flask, heating to 85 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, reacting for 10min, dropwise adding a toluene solution of difunctional siloxane, heating to 90 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, and continuously reacting for 2-3h to obtain modified silicone oil;
s3, mixing the modified silicone oil and DMSO, uniformly stirring, adding EDC, HCl and NHS, continuously stirring for 0.5h, adding hyperbranched polyamide amine, and stirring for reacting for 24h to obtain the organosilicon grafting component.
4. A straw fiber soil according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of the amount of allyl succinic anhydride, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, triethylamine and toluene in S1 is 0.1mol:0.1mol:0.7-1g:300-500mL.
5. A straw fiber soil according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of hydrogen silicone oil, karstedt catalyst and difunctional siloxane in S2 is 10g:50 μl:3.6-4.2g, and the mass fraction of active hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is 0.1%.
6. A straw fiber soil according to claim 3, wherein the dosage ratio of modified silicone oil, DMSO, edc.hcl, NHS and hyperbranched polyamidoamine in S3 is 5.2g:150-200mL:0.84-0.98g:0.48-0.52g:0.4-0.6g.
7. A straw fiber soil according to claim 1, wherein oxidized starch is produced by the steps of:
mixing water-soluble starch and deionized water, stirring for 2 hours, adding 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution, stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 30 minutes, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 1 hour, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by adopting 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, continuing stirring for 20 minutes, filtering, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven to obtain the oxidized starch.
8. The straw fiber soil of claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of water soluble starch, deionized water and hydrogen peroxide solution is 5:7:0.6.
9. the method for preparing straw fiber soil according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
according to the weight parts, the northeast black carbon soil, vermiculite powder, perlite, straw fiber, super absorbent resin and starch-based bonding components are uniformly mixed.
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