CN117437752B - Rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning system and method - Google Patents
Rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 165
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 7
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of monitoring of geological disasters of a side slope, and discloses a rock-soil side slope geological disaster early warning system and a rock-soil side slope geological disaster early warning method, wherein the rock-soil side slope geological disaster early warning system comprises a water level monitoring device, a monitoring station and a plurality of elastic pipe groups, the elastic pipe groups are inserted into the rock-soil side slope and are arranged at intervals, and each elastic pipe group is internally provided with an infrasonic wave sensor and a pressure-sensitive sensor; the water level monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the rock-soil slope, and a plurality of check valves which are arranged at intervals are arranged on a water inlet pipe of the monitoring device; the monitoring station is arranged at the top of the rock-soil slope and is electrically connected with the infrasonic wave sensor and the pressure-sensitive sensor so as to acquire seismic wave information and stress monitoring information; the monitoring station is also electrically connected with the water level monitoring device to acquire water level monitoring information; the monitoring station is electrically connected with a meteorological monitoring device to acquire wind power monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information; and the monitoring station is internally provided with a summarizing and analyzing module which is used for monitoring and obtaining corresponding early warning information according to the information.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of monitoring of side slope geological disasters, and particularly relates to a rock-soil side slope geological disaster early warning system and method.
Background
The traditional slope geological disaster early warning adopts monitoring modes such as manual inspection, remote sensing monitoring and the like, is influenced by weather factors (such as sand storm, haze or rainfall), and is difficult to realize accurate monitoring; in the prior art, there is also a slope geological disaster early warning system, mainly adopt to bury hydrological sensor, stress sensor and displacement sensor and monitor, receive the mechanical structure restriction of bearing each sensor, when the rock and soil on the side slope flows, lead to the sensor to be buried or extrude by flowing soil easily, lead to the sensor to damage, equipment is changed difficultly, and current geological disaster early warning system is only applicable to the landslide monitoring to the landslide of rock and soil side slope, be difficult to combine multiple natural factor to carry out the early warning to actual conditions, so be difficult to realize the long-term monitoring and the calamity early warning to the slope geological disaster.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning system and a rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning method, which are used for realizing long-term monitoring and disaster early warning of the slope geological disaster.
The first technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
A geotechnical slope geological disaster early warning system, comprising:
The elastic pipe groups are inserted into the rock-soil slope and are arranged at intervals, and each elastic pipe group is internally provided with an infrasound sensor and a pressure-sensitive sensor;
the water level monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the rock-soil slope and is provided with a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe stretches into an underground water layer, and a plurality of check valves arranged at intervals are arranged on the water inlet pipe;
The monitoring station is arranged at the top of the rock-soil slope; the monitoring station is electrically connected with the infrasonic wave sensor and the pressure-sensitive sensor to acquire seismic wave information and stress monitoring information; the monitoring station is also electrically connected with the water level monitoring device to acquire water level monitoring information; the monitoring station is electrically connected with a meteorological monitoring device to acquire wind power monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information; and the monitoring station is internally provided with a summarizing and analyzing module which is used for obtaining corresponding early warning information according to the seismic wave information, the stress monitoring information, the water level monitoring information, the wind power monitoring information and the rainfall monitoring information.
By the technical scheme, the elastic tube group can adapt to the corresponding deformation of the shear stress of the rock-soil slope, so that the pressure-sensitive sensor monitors stress monitoring information based on the deformation quantity of the elastic tube group and sends the information to the monitoring station; the infrasonic wave sensor is used for acquiring longitudinal waves and transverse waves of the earthquake waves and sending earthquake wave information to the monitoring station based on the differential speed between the longitudinal waves and the transverse waves of the earthquake waves; the pressure-sensitive sensor and the infrasonic wave sensor are arranged in the elastic tube group, so that the elastic tube group can protect the pressure-sensitive sensor and the infrasonic wave sensor, and when the pressure-sensitive sensor or the infrasonic wave sensor in the elastic tube group is damaged due to overlarge extrusion force, the corresponding elastic tube group can be pulled out from a rock-soil slope and replaced, and long-term monitoring of geological disasters on the side slope is realized; the water level monitoring device is used for monitoring the underground water level of the rock-soil side slope, the water inlet pipe of the water level monitoring device is provided with a plurality of one-way valves at intervals along the height direction and used for increasing the water inlet of the water inlet pipe, so that the speed of pumping out the underground water by the water level monitoring device is improved, and the water flowing into the water pipe is limited to flow reversely; the monitoring station is positioned at the top of the rock-soil slope and is used for expanding the information receiving range; compared with the prior art, the built-in summarizing and analyzing module of the monitoring station can monitor and obtain corresponding early warning information according to earthquake wave information, stress monitoring information, water level monitoring information, wind power monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information, so that the effect of early warning disasters by combining various natural factors is achieved.
The application is further provided with: the elastic tube group comprises a first long tube and a second long tube, one end of the first long tube is inserted into the rock-soil slope, a magnetic piece is arranged at the other end of the first long tube, one end of the second long tube is inserted into the rock-soil slope, a displacement sensor is arranged at the other end of the second long tube, and a sensing head of the displacement sensor faces the magnetic piece; the second long tube is arranged at intervals of the first long tube, and the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the monitoring station so as to send displacement monitoring information to the monitoring station.
Through the technical scheme, the elastic tube group consists of the first long tube and the second long tube, and the first long tube and the second long tube are inserted into the rock-soil slope, so that a certain degree of slope anchoring effect can be achieved; the device comprises a first long tube, a second long tube, a first magnetic element, a second magnetic element, a displacement sensor, a magnetic element, a displacement sensor and a sensor head, wherein the magnetic element is arranged at one end of the first long tube, which is far away from the rock-soil slope, the displacement sensor is arranged at one end of the second long tube, which is far away from the rock-soil slope, and the sensor head of the displacement sensor faces the magnetic element, so that the displacement sensor can monitor the relative displacement between the first long tube and the second long tube according to the magnetic force applied by the displacement sensor, so as to monitor the rock-soil displacement condition between all blocks of the rock-soil slope; the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the monitoring station, so that the displacement sensor can send displacement monitoring information to the monitoring station, and a summarizing and analyzing module in the monitoring station can further analyze the information, thereby improving the accuracy of early warning information.
The application is further provided with: the second long pipe is a carbon fiber pipe, and one end of the second long pipe inserted into the rock-soil slope is fixedly connected with a cone head; the infrasonic wave sensor and the pressure-sensitive sensor are arranged in the second long tube and close to the conical head.
Through the technical scheme, the second long tube is made of carbon fiber materials, has good elasticity and corrosion resistance, and can well protect the infrasonic wave sensor and the pressure-sensitive sensor in the tube; and when the second long pipe is inserted into the rock-soil slope, the cone head can reduce the resistance of the second long pipe inserted into the rock-soil slope, so that the second long pipe can drive the infrasonic wave sensor and the pressure-sensitive sensor to extend into the rock-soil slope.
The application is further provided with: the water level monitoring device comprises a water pump, an electronic water pressure meter, an information processing module, a flowmeter and the water inlet pipe, and a negative pressure port of the water pump is communicated with the water inlet pipe; the electronic water pressure gauge is connected with the water pump to monitor the pumping water pressure of the water pump; the information processing module is electrically connected with the electronic water pressure meter so as to calculate and obtain water level monitoring information according to the pumped water pressure; the positive pressure port of the water pump is communicated with the flowmeter, the water outlet of the flowmeter is communicated with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe extends into the underground water layer; the information processing module is electrically connected with the flowmeter and the water pump so as to adjust the negative pressure of the water pump according to the flow information acquired by the flowmeter; the information processing module is electrically connected with the monitoring station so as to send water level monitoring information to the monitoring station.
According to the technical scheme, the water level monitoring device is composed of the water pump, the electronic water pressure meter, the information processing module, the flowmeter and the water inlet pipe, the negative pressure port of the water pump is communicated with the water inlet pipe to pump groundwater into the water pump, the electronic water pressure meter is connected with the water pump and used for monitoring the pumping water pressure of the water pump, so that the information processing module can calculate the current water level of the groundwater according to the pumping water pressure and output water level monitoring information to the monitoring station; the flowmeter is used for measuring the flow of water flowing through the water pump, and when the flow reaches a preset value, corresponding flow information is sent to the information processing module, so that the information processing module maintains the negative pressure of the water pump unchanged, and the function of dynamically monitoring the water level of the underground water is realized.
The application is further provided with: the water level monitoring device further comprises an antenna, and the information processing module is electrically connected with the monitoring station through the antenna.
Through the technical scheme, the water level monitoring device comprises an antenna, and the information processing module is electrically connected to the monitoring station through the antenna, so that the effect of wirelessly transmitting water level monitoring information to the monitoring station is achieved.
The second object of the application is realized by the following technical scheme:
A rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning method is applied to the rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning system, and the method comprises the following steps:
Calculating the side slope shearing stress based on the stress monitoring information;
Sending out debris flow early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information, the displacement monitoring information and a preset debris flow prediction model;
Based on the slope shear stress, the seismic wave information and a preset earthquake landslide prediction model, earthquake landslide early warning information is sent;
based on the slope shear stress, the wind power monitoring information and a preset dust prediction model, sending dust early warning information;
And sending out sag early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the water level monitoring information and a preset sag prediction model.
According to the technical scheme, according to the stress monitoring information, the slope shear stress is calculated and obtained to serve as the prediction parameters of the debris flow prediction model, the earthquake landslide prediction model, the dust emission prediction model and the sinking prediction model; then placing the side slope shear stress, rainfall monitoring information and displacement monitoring information into a debris flow prediction model for calculation, and sending debris flow early warning information according to calculation results so as to send the debris flow early warning information before debris flow occurs on the rock-soil side slope, so that people or vehicles near the rock-soil side slope can be avoided, and the safety of the method is improved; the side slope shear stress and the seismic wave information are placed in a seismic landslide prediction model to be calculated, and the seismic landslide early warning information is sent out according to a calculation result, so that surrounding personnel or vehicles are timely notified to evacuate before the earthquake occurs around the rock-soil side slope, and the safety of the method is further improved; the shear stress and wind power monitoring information of the side slope are placed in a dust prediction model to be calculated, dust early warning information is sent out according to a calculation result to prompt that dust exists around the side slope of the vehicle rock soil, and the side slope needs to be slowly moved in a decelerating way, so that the possibility of traffic accidents is reduced, and the safety of the method is further improved; the shear stress and water level monitoring information of the side slope are placed in a sinking prediction model to calculate, sinking early warning information is sent out according to a calculation result, so that surrounding vehicles or personnel are prompted, the possibility of sinking near the rock-soil side slope is further improved, and the safety of the method is further improved; compared with the prior art, the method has multiple warning functions, can send out corresponding warning information according to different actual conditions, and has higher safety.
The application is further provided with: the step of sending out debris flow early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information, the displacement monitoring information and a preset debris flow prediction model comprises the following steps:
Placing the slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information and the displacement monitoring information in a debris flow prediction model, and predicting to obtain a first shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the first shear stress change curve exceeds a preset first reference amplitude, sending out a debris flow warning and corresponding first warning time;
The debris flow early warning information comprises debris flow warning and first warning time.
Through the technical scheme, the first warning time is attached to each debris flow warning when the debris flow warning is sent out, so that a warned user can accurately know the time point when the debris flow is likely to occur; and (3) placing the side slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information and the displacement monitoring information into a debris flow prediction model for calculation, drawing a first shear stress change curve, and sending out debris flow warning and corresponding first warning time if the amplitude in the first shear stress change curve exceeds a first reference amplitude, so that the debris flow warning effect is realized.
The application is further provided with: the step of sending out earthquake landslide early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the earthquake wave information and a preset earthquake landslide prediction model comprises the following steps:
placing the slope shear stress and the seismic wave information into a seismic landslide prediction model, and predicting to obtain a second shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the second shear stress change curve exceeds a preset second reference amplitude, an earthquake landslide warning and a corresponding second warning time are sent out;
the earthquake landslide warning information comprises an earthquake landslide warning and a second warning time.
Through the technical scheme, when each earthquake landslide warning is sent out, the corresponding second warning time is attached, so that a warned user can accurately know the specific time when the earthquake landslide is likely to occur; and (3) placing the side slope shear stress and seismic wave information into a seismic landslide prediction model for calculation, drawing a second shear stress change curve, and sending out a seismic landslide warning and corresponding second warning time if the amplitude in the second shear stress change curve exceeds a second reference amplitude, so that the effect of seismic landslide warning is realized.
The method is further provided as follows: based on the slope shear stress, the wind power monitoring information and a preset dust prediction model, sending dust early warning information, comprising:
placing the slope shear stress and the wind power monitoring information in a dust prediction model, and predicting to obtain a third shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the third shear stress change curve exceeds a preset third reference amplitude, giving out dust warning and corresponding third warning time;
The dust warning information comprises dust warning and third warning time.
Through the technical scheme, when each dust raising warning is sent out, the corresponding third warning time is attached to the dust raising warning, so that a warned user can accurately know the specific time when dust raising possibly occurs; and (3) placing the slope shear stress and wind power monitoring information in a dust prediction model for calculation, drawing a third shear stress change curve, and if the amplitude value in the third shear stress change curve exceeds a third reference amplitude value, sending out dust warning and corresponding third warning time, thereby realizing the dust warning effect.
The application is further provided with: the step of sending sinking early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the water level monitoring information and a preset sinking prediction model comprises the following steps:
Placing the slope shear stress and the water level monitoring information in a sinking prediction model, and predicting to obtain a fourth shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the fourth shear stress change curve exceeds a preset fourth reference amplitude, a sinking warning and a corresponding fourth warning time are sent out;
the sag early warning information comprises sag warning and fourth warning time.
Through the technical scheme, when each sinking warning is sent out, the corresponding fourth warning time is attached to ensure that a warned user can accurately know the specific time when sinking possibly occurs; and (3) placing the side slope shear stress and water level monitoring information into a sinking prediction model for calculation, drawing a fourth shear stress change curve according to a calculation result, and when the fourth shear stress change curve exceeds a fourth reference amplitude, sending out a sinking warning and a corresponding fourth warning time, thereby realizing the sinking warning effect.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. compared with the prior art, the built-in summarizing and analyzing module of the monitoring station can monitor and obtain corresponding early warning information according to earthquake wave information, stress monitoring information, water level monitoring information, wind power monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information, so that disaster early warning effect is achieved.
2. Compared with the prior art, the method has multiple warning functions, can send out corresponding warning information according to different actual conditions, and has higher safety.
3. Compared with the prior art, the slope shear stress and wind power monitoring information are placed in the dust prediction model to calculate, a third shear stress change curve is drawn, and if the amplitude value in the third shear stress change curve exceeds the reference amplitude value, dust warning and corresponding third warning time are sent out, so that the dust warning effect is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a geotechnical slope geological disaster warning system and a geotechnical slope according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for early warning geological disasters of a rock-soil slope in a second embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of step S20 in a method for early warning geological disasters of a rock-soil slope in a second embodiment of the application
A program chart;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a first shear stress variation curve according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of step S30 in the method for early warning geological disaster of a rock-soil slope in the second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a second shear stress variation curve according to the second embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of step S40 in the method for early warning geological disaster of a rock-soil slope in the second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third shear stress variation curve according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of step S50 in the method for early warning geological disaster of a rock-soil slope in the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth shear stress variation curve in the second embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100. A rock-soil slope; 1. an elastic tube group; 11. a first long tube; 111. a magnetic member; 112. a conical head; 12. a second long tube; 121. a displacement sensor; 2. a water level monitoring device; 21. a water pump; 22. an electronic water pressure meter; 23. an information processing module; 24. a flow meter; 25. a water inlet pipe; 251. a one-way valve; 26. an antenna; 3. a monitoring station; 31. a weather monitoring device; 311. a wind power monitoring device; 312. a rain measuring cylinder; 4. the soil is kept off and the horse is rejected.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning system and a rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning method, which are used for realizing long-term monitoring and disaster early warning of the slope geological disaster.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the geological disaster early warning system for a rock-soil slope according to the embodiment of the application comprises a water level monitoring device 2, a monitoring station 3 and a plurality of elastic tube groups 1, wherein the plurality of elastic tube groups 1 are inserted into a rock-soil slope 100 and are arranged at intervals, and the elastic tube groups 1 can serve as anchor rods of the rock-soil slope 100 to play a certain anchoring role; a pressure-sensitive sensor is arranged in each elastic tube group 1 and plays a role in protecting the pressure-sensitive sensor; the pressure-sensitive sensor is electrically connected with the monitoring station 3, when the elastic tube group 1 is sheared by the rock-soil slope 100 obliquely, the elastic tube group 1 deforms, and the pressure-sensitive sensor sends stress monitoring information to the monitoring station 3 based on the deformation of the elastic tube group 1; each elastic tube group 1 is also internally provided with an infrasonic wave sensor, and plays a role in protecting the infrasonic wave sensor; the infrasonic wave sensor is electrically connected to the monitoring station 3 and is used for acquiring transverse waves and longitudinal waves of the earthquake waves and sending earthquake wave information to the monitoring station 3 according to the differential speed of the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves; the water monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the rock-soil side slope 100 and is used for monitoring the groundwater level of the rock-soil side slope 100; the water level monitoring device 2 is electrically connected with the monitoring station 3 and is used for sending water level monitoring information to the monitoring station 3; the monitoring station 3 is positioned at the top of the rock-soil slope 100 and is used for expanding the information receiving range; the top of the monitoring station 3 is electrically connected with a weather monitoring device 31 for acquiring wind power monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information; compared with the prior art, the monitoring station 3 is internally provided with a summarizing and analyzing module for obtaining corresponding early warning information according to the seismic wave information, the stress monitoring information, the water level monitoring information, the wind power monitoring information and the rainfall monitoring information, thereby realizing long-term monitoring and disaster early warning of the landslide geological disasters.
In the present embodiment, the weather monitoring apparatus 31 is constituted by the existing wind power monitoring apparatus 311 and the existing rain gauge 312.
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the system of the present application further includes a soil-blocking and-rejecting horse 4, where the soil-blocking and-rejecting horse 4 is disposed at the bottom of the rock-soil slope 100 and between the main body of the water level monitoring device 2 and the bottom of the rock-soil slope 100, and is capable of resisting the falling rock-soil on the rock-soil slope 100 to some extent, so as to reduce the possibility that the water level monitoring device 2 is covered with the rock-soil.
Referring to fig. 1, the elastic tube set 1 includes a first long tube 11 and a second long tube 12, in this embodiment, the first long tube 11 is a steel tube, and one end of the first long tube 11 is obliquely inserted into the rock-soil slope 100 to play a role of anchoring; the second long tube 12 is arranged at intervals of the first long tube 11, the second long tube 12 is a carbon fiber tube, the carbon fiber tube has good elasticity and corrosion resistance, one end of the second long tube 12 inserted into the rock-soil slope 100 is fixedly connected with a conical head 112, so that the resistance of the second long tube 12 inserted into the rock-soil slope 100 is reduced, and an infrasonic wave sensor and a pressure-sensitive sensor are both arranged in the second long tube 12 and close to the conical head 112, so that the second long tube 12 can drive the infrasonic wave sensor and the pressure-sensitive sensor to extend into the rock-soil slope 100; wherein, the one end that rock soil side slope 100 was kept away from to first long tube 11 is provided with magnetic part 111, and the one end that rock soil side slope 100 was kept away from to second long tube 12 is provided with displacement sensor 121, and displacement sensor 121's inductive head is towards magnetic part 111, displacement sensor 121 electricity is connected in monitoring station 3, when rock soil side slope 100 takes place rock soil sideslip, relative displacement can take place for first long tube 11 and second long tube 12, displacement sensor 121 can send displacement monitoring information for monitoring station 3, make the analysis module that gathers in the monitoring station 3 do further data analysis, thereby the precision of early warning information has been improved.
In the embodiment, the capacitive infrasonic wave sensor is selected as the infrasonic wave sensor, so that the size is small, and the power consumption is low.
In this embodiment, the pressure sensor is a strain gauge, and the pressure sensor is attached to the inner wall of the second long tube 12, so as to obtain stress monitoring information according to the deformation monitoring of the second long tube 12.
In this embodiment, the magnetic member is a permanent magnet.
Referring to fig. 1, the water level monitoring device 2 includes a water pump 21, an electronic water pressure meter 22, an information processing module 23, a flow meter 24, a water inlet pipe 25 and an antenna 26, wherein a negative pressure port of the water pump 21 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 25, the water inlet pipe 25 extends into an underground water layer, a plurality of check valves 251 are arranged on the water inlet pipe 25 at intervals along the height direction, and the plurality of check valves 251 are used for adding water inlet ports of the water inlet pipe 25, so that the water inlet pipe 25 can still extract underground water when the underground water level changes; the check valve 251 also has the effects of increasing pumping efficiency and preventing water in the water inlet pipe 25 from flowing backward; the electronic water pressure meter 22 is connected to the water pump 21 and is used for monitoring the pumping water pressure of the water pump 21 in real time; the positive pressure port of the water pump 21 is communicated with the flow meter 24, the water outlet of the flow meter 24 is communicated with a water outlet pipe, the water outlet pipe extends into the underground water layer, and the flow meter 24 is used for monitoring the water flow flowing through the water pump 21; the information processing module 23 is electrically connected with the electronic water pressure gauge 22 and the monitoring station 3, and is used for calculating water level monitoring information according to the pumped water pressure and sending the water level monitoring information to the monitoring station 3; the information processing module 23 is further electrically connected to the flow meter 24 and the water pump 21, and is configured to adjust the negative pressure of the water pump 21 according to the flow information acquired by the flow meter 24, so as to maintain the negative pressure of the water pump 21 unchanged when the flow information tends to be stable, thereby realizing the effect of dynamically monitoring the water level of the groundwater and improving the accuracy of the water level monitoring information; an antenna 26 is provided on top of the information processing module 23, and the information processing module 23 is electrically connected to the monitoring station 3 through the antenna 26 to realize wireless transmission of water level monitoring information.
In this embodiment, the information processing module 23 is a single-chip microcomputer; the information processing module 23 adjusts the negative pressure value (the pumping water pressure) of the water pump 21 based on a closed-loop PID algorithm.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of the first embodiment, the embodiment of the application discloses a rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning method, which is applied to the rock-soil slope geological disaster early warning system, in the embodiment, the method is realized by a summarizing and analyzing module, the summarizing and analyzing module is a computer device, and information processing and storage media are arranged in the summarizing and analyzing module, and the method of the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
s10: and calculating the side slope shearing stress based on the stress monitoring information.
In this embodiment, there are a plurality of stress monitoring information, and the slope shear stress is calculated based on the stress monitoring information of the plurality of monitoring points.
Specifically, corresponding weights are respectively given to stress monitoring information of different points, and then weighted summation calculation is carried out to obtain the slope shear stress.
S20: and sending out debris flow early warning information based on the side slope shear stress, rainfall monitoring information, displacement monitoring information and a preset debris flow prediction model.
In this embodiment, the debris flow prediction model is a ternary quadratic fit model, and the side slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information and the displacement monitoring information are all discrete high-frequency data, and the curve of the debris flow prediction model is fitted in a sampling manner, so as to achieve the effect of predicting when the debris flow occurs in the rock-soil slope 100.
Specifically, the side slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information and the displacement monitoring information are placed in a debris flow prediction model to be calculated, and debris flow early warning information is sent according to a calculation result so as to send the debris flow early warning information before debris flow occurs on the rock-soil side slope 100, so that people or vehicles near the rock-soil side slope 100 can be avoided, and the safety of the method is improved.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, step S20 includes:
S21: placing the side slope shear stress, rainfall monitoring information and displacement monitoring information in a debris flow prediction model, and predicting to obtain a first shear stress change curve;
s22: if the amplitude of the first shear stress change curve exceeds a preset first reference amplitude, sending out a debris flow warning and corresponding first warning time;
S23: the debris flow early warning information comprises debris flow warning and first warning time.
In this embodiment, the first reference amplitude is set according to the actual shear capacity of the geotechnical slope 100, and the main fitting function of the debris flow prediction model is:
F1(ti)=a1x2+a2y2+a3z2+a4xy+a5xz+a6yz+a7x+a8y+a9z+a10；
△F1(ti)=[F1(ti)-F1(ti-1)]2 ；
wherein x is the shear stress of the side slope, y is rainfall monitoring information, z is displacement monitoring information, F1 (ti) is a fitting amplitude, and other parameters are values to be solved; it should be noted that the fitting function is only a part of the debris flow prediction model, and the debris flow prediction model also needs to conduct derivative and matrix operation according to the independent variables; because the side slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information and the displacement monitoring information are all high-frequency parameters, the drawn fitting curve may be different from the legend, and for the convenience of explanation of the technical effect, the first shear stress change curve shown in the legend is only a fitting curve in an ideal state.
Specifically, a first warning time is attached to each debris flow warning when the debris flow warning is sent, so that a warned user can accurately know the time point when the debris flow is likely to occur; and placing known parameters such as side slope shear stress, rainfall monitoring information, displacement monitoring information and the like in a debris flow prediction model, performing derivation and matrix operation and fitting, finally drawing a first shear stress change curve, and if the amplitude in the first shear stress change curve exceeds a first reference amplitude, sending out debris flow warning and corresponding first warning time, thereby realizing the debris flow early warning effect.
S30: and sending out earthquake landslide early warning information based on the side slope shear stress, the earthquake wave information and a preset earthquake landslide prediction model.
In this embodiment, the seismic landslide prediction model is a binary quadratic fit model.
Specifically, the side slope shear stress and the seismic wave information are placed in the earthquake landslide prediction model to be calculated, and earthquake landslide early warning information is sent out according to a calculation result, so that surrounding personnel or vehicles are timely notified to evacuate before the earthquake occurs around the rock-soil side slope 100, and the safety of the method is further improved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, step S30 includes:
s31: placing the slope shear stress and the seismic wave information into a seismic landslide prediction model, and predicting to obtain a second shear stress change curve;
S32: if the amplitude of the second shear stress change curve exceeds a preset second reference amplitude, an earthquake landslide warning and a corresponding second warning time are sent out;
s33: the earthquake landslide warning information comprises an earthquake landslide warning and a second warning time.
In this embodiment, the main fitting function of the earthquake landslide prediction model is:
F2(ti)=b1x2+b2y2+b3xy+b4x+b5y+a6；
△F2(ti)=[F2(ti)-F2(ti-1)]2 ；
Wherein x is the side slope shear stress, y is the seismic wave information, F2 (ti) is the amplitude of the second shear stress change curve, other parameters are values to be solved, and the monitored side slope shear stress and the seismic wave information are substituted into the values to be solved, and the values are solved by combining derivative and matrix operation; it should be noted that, because the side slope shear stress and the seismic wave information are both high-frequency parameters, the drawn fitting curve may be different from the legend, and for convenience in explanation of the technical effect, the second shear stress change curve shown in the legend is only a fitting curve in an ideal state.
Specifically, when each earthquake landslide warning is sent out, a corresponding second warning time is attached to ensure that a warned user can accurately know the specific time when the earthquake landslide is likely to occur; the second warning time is a time period from t3 to t4, and the earthquake landslide warning is matched with the time period; and (3) putting the side slope shear stress and the seismic wave information into a seismic landslide prediction model for derivative and matrix operation to fit and draw a second shear stress change curve, and if the amplitude in the second shear stress change curve exceeds a second reference amplitude, sending out a seismic landslide warning and a corresponding second warning time, thereby realizing the effect of seismic landslide warning.
S40: and sending out dust early warning information based on the slope shear stress, wind power monitoring information and a preset dust prediction model.
In this embodiment, the raise dust prediction model is a binary quadratic fit model.
Specifically, the slope shear stress and wind power monitoring information are placed in a dust prediction model to carry out fitting calculation, dust warning information is sent to surrounding information receiving ends according to fitting results, so that vehicles are warned to slow down near the rock-soil slope 100, the possibility of traffic accidents caused by the fact that drivers block vision due to dust on roads is reduced, and therefore the safety of the method is further improved.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, step S40 includes:
S41: placing the slope shear stress and wind power monitoring information in a dust prediction model, and predicting to obtain a third shear stress change curve;
S42: if the amplitude of the third shear stress change curve exceeds a preset third reference amplitude, giving out dust warning and corresponding third warning time;
S43: the dust warning information comprises dust warning and third warning time.
In this embodiment, the fitting function of the dust prediction model is similar to the fitting function of the seismic landslide prediction model, and the difference is that the fitting function has different values to be solved, and the illustration in fig. 8 is only a third shear stress change curve in an ideal state, which is not described herein.
Specifically, when each dust raising warning is sent out, a corresponding third warning time is attached, so that a warned user can accurately know the specific time when dust raising possibly occurs; and (3) placing the slope shear stress and wind power monitoring information in a dust prediction model for derivation and matrix operation to fit and draw a third shear stress change curve, and if the amplitude value in the third shear stress change curve exceeds a third reference amplitude value, sending out dust warning and corresponding third warning time, thereby realizing the effect of dust warning.
S50: and sending out sag early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the water level monitoring information and a preset sag prediction model.
In this embodiment, the sag prediction model is a binary quadratic fit model.
Specifically, the shear stress and the water level monitoring information of the side slope are placed in a subsidence prediction model to conduct derivation, matrix calculation and fitting, and subsidence early warning information is sent out according to a fitting result to prompt surrounding vehicles or personnel that the possibility of subsidence exists near the rock-soil side slope 100, so that the vehicles or personnel are far away from the rock-soil side slope 100 before the rock-soil side slope 100 subsides, and the safety of the method is further improved.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, step S50 includes:
S51: placing the side slope shear stress and water level monitoring information in a sinking prediction model, and predicting to obtain a fourth shear stress change curve;
s52: if the amplitude of the fourth shear stress change curve exceeds a preset fourth reference amplitude, a sinking warning and a corresponding fourth warning time are sent out;
S53: the sag early warning information comprises sag warning and fourth warning time.
It should be noted that, when the water level of the groundwater rises to a certain extent, the bottom of the rock-soil side slope 100 will be eroded, and when the water level of the groundwater falls, the groundwater will carry away eroded rock-soil to form a subsurface cavity, so that the rock-soil side slope 100 will sink; the water level monitoring information is a water level difference value over a predetermined period.
Specifically, when each sinking warning is sent out, a corresponding fourth warning time is attached, so that a warned user can accurately know the specific time when sinking is likely to occur; and placing the side slope shear stress and water level monitoring information in a sinking prediction model for derivation, matrix operation and fitting, so as to draw a fourth shear stress change curve, and when the fourth shear stress change curve exceeds a fourth reference amplitude, sending out a sinking warning and a corresponding fourth warning time, thereby realizing the sinking warning effect.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the functions of debris flow warning, earthquake landslide warning, dust raising warning and sinking warning, can send out corresponding warning information according to different actual conditions, and has higher safety.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that; the technical scheme described in each embodiment can be modified or part of the characteristics can be replaced equivalently; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a ground side slope geological disaster early warning system which characterized in that includes:
The elastic pipe groups (1) are inserted into the rock-soil slope (100) and are arranged at intervals, and each elastic pipe group (1) is internally provided with an infrasound sensor and a pressure sensor;
The water level monitoring device (2) is arranged at the bottom of the rock-soil slope (100), the water level monitoring device (2) is provided with a water inlet pipe (25), the water inlet pipe (25) stretches into an underground water layer, and a plurality of check valves (251) which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the water inlet pipe (25);
The monitoring station (3) is arranged at the top of the rock-soil slope (100); the monitoring station (3) is electrically connected with the infrasonic wave sensor and the pressure-sensitive sensor so as to acquire seismic wave information and stress monitoring information; the monitoring station (3) is further electrically connected with the water level monitoring device (2) so as to acquire water level monitoring information; the monitoring station (3) is electrically connected with a meteorological monitoring device (31) so as to acquire wind power monitoring information and rainfall monitoring information; the monitoring station (3) is internally provided with a summarizing and analyzing module which is used for obtaining corresponding early warning information according to the seismic wave information, the stress monitoring information, the water level monitoring information, the wind power monitoring information and the rainfall monitoring information;
The elastic tube group (1) comprises a first long tube (11) and a second long tube (12), one end of the first long tube (11) is inserted into the rock-soil slope (100), the other end of the first long tube (11) is provided with a magnetic piece (111), one end of the second long tube (12) is inserted into the rock-soil slope (100), the other end of the second long tube (12) is provided with a displacement sensor (121), and an induction head of the displacement sensor (121) faces the magnetic piece (111); the second long tube (12) is arranged at intervals of the first long tube (11), the displacement sensor (121) is electrically connected to the monitoring station (3) so as to send displacement monitoring information to the monitoring station (3), the water level monitoring device (2) comprises a water pump (21), an electronic water pressure meter (22), an information processing module (23), a flowmeter (24) and a water inlet tube (25), and a negative pressure port of the water pump (21) is communicated with the water inlet tube (25); the electronic water pressure gauge (22) is connected to the water pump (21) so as to monitor the pumping water pressure of the water pump (21); the information processing module (23) is electrically connected with the electronic water pressure meter (22) so as to calculate and obtain water level monitoring information according to the pumped water pressure; the positive pressure port of the water pump (21) is communicated with the flowmeter (24), the water outlet of the flowmeter (24) is communicated with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe extends into an underground water layer; the information processing module (23) is electrically connected with the flowmeter (24) and the water pump (21) so as to adjust the negative pressure of the water pump (21) according to the flow information acquired by the flowmeter (24); the information processing module (23) is electrically connected to the monitoring station (3) to send water level monitoring information to the monitoring station (3).
2. The geotechnical slope geological disaster early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the second long tube (12) is a carbon fiber tube, and one end of the second long tube (12) inserted into the geotechnical slope (100) is fixedly connected with a cone head (112); the infrasonic sensor and the pressure sensitive sensor are arranged in the second long tube (12) and are arranged close to the cone head (112).
3. A geotechnical slope geological disaster warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water level monitoring device (2) further comprises an antenna (26), and the information processing module (23) is electrically connected to the monitoring station (3) through the antenna (26).
4. A method for pre-warning geological disasters of a rock-soil slope, which is characterized by being applied to a system for pre-warning geological disasters of a rock-soil slope in claim 1, and comprising the following steps:
Calculating the side slope shearing stress based on the stress monitoring information;
Sending out debris flow early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information, the displacement monitoring information and a preset debris flow prediction model;
Based on the slope shear stress, the seismic wave information and a preset earthquake landslide prediction model, earthquake landslide early warning information is sent;
based on the slope shear stress, the wind power monitoring information and a preset dust prediction model, sending dust early warning information;
And sending out sag early warning information based on the slope shear stress, the water level monitoring information and a preset sag prediction model.
5. The method for pre-warning a geological disaster of a rock-soil slope according to claim 4, wherein the step of sending out the pre-warning information of the debris flow based on the slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information, the displacement monitoring information and a preset debris flow prediction model comprises the steps of:
Placing the slope shear stress, the rainfall monitoring information and the displacement monitoring information in a debris flow prediction model, and predicting to obtain a first shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the first shear stress change curve exceeds a preset first reference amplitude, sending out a debris flow warning and corresponding first warning time;
The debris flow early warning information comprises debris flow warning and first warning time.
6. The method for pre-warning a geological disaster of a rock-soil slope according to claim 4, wherein the step of sending out the pre-warning information of the earthquake landslide based on the slope shear stress, the earthquake wave information and a preset earthquake landslide prediction model comprises the steps of:
placing the slope shear stress and the seismic wave information into a seismic landslide prediction model, and predicting to obtain a second shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the second shear stress change curve exceeds a preset second reference amplitude, an earthquake landslide warning and a corresponding second warning time are sent out;
the earthquake landslide warning information comprises an earthquake landslide warning and a second warning time.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of sending out dust warning information based on the slope shear stress, the wind monitoring information and a preset dust prediction model comprises the steps of:
placing the slope shear stress and the wind power monitoring information in a dust prediction model, and predicting to obtain a third shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the third shear stress change curve exceeds a preset third reference amplitude, giving out dust warning and corresponding third warning time;
The dust warning information comprises dust warning and third warning time.
8. The method for pre-warning a geological disaster of a rock-soil slope according to claim 4, wherein the step of sending out subsidence pre-warning information based on the slope shear stress, the water level monitoring information and a preset subsidence prediction model comprises the steps of:
Placing the slope shear stress and the water level monitoring information in a sinking prediction model, and predicting to obtain a fourth shear stress change curve;
If the amplitude of the fourth shear stress change curve exceeds a preset fourth reference amplitude, a sinking warning and a corresponding fourth warning time are sent out;
the sag early warning information comprises sag warning and fourth warning time.
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