CN1174272A

CN1174272A - Improved stop-end system for use in diaphragm wall construction

Info

Publication number: CN1174272A
Application number: CN97116614A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 斯蒂芬·格拉博纳; 彼得·吉尔伯特·肖顿
Original assignee: GAMMON FINANCE Ltd - KVAERNER CONSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Current assignee: GAMMON FINANCE Ltd - KVAERNER CONSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL Ltd
Priority date: 1996-07-31
Filing date: 1997-07-31
Publication date: 1998-02-25
Also published as: GB9616040D0; WO1998004782A1; GB2315803B; EP0916007A1; GB2315803A; GB9715913D0; ID17966A; HK1008557A1; AU3704197A; KR980009668A; SG65667A1

Abstract

The present invention is method and detacher used for detaching baffle from concrete partition wall plate. The detacher has a device to connect the free side of baffle plate separated from the main body of detacher so as to separate baffle plate from concrete plate. In addition, the connecting device has a driver to change the interval between the connecting device and the main body of detacher. Compared with available technology, which places wedges between concrete wall and baffle plate, the said detaching method and detacher has less damage to concrete plate.

Description

The improved retaining end system that is used for the film wall construction

The present invention relates to the film wall construction, more specifically but be not to relate to the design of the steel form that is referred to as retaining end (stop-end) uniquely and retract method, use this retaining to hold and construct the film partition wall.

Construct a film partition wall by cast series of concrete plate in the groove that excavates, this concrete slab can be that steel concrete is made, and for example, this describes in European patent EP 0101350 to some extent.In some cases, at first construct " master " plate (" primarypanel ") of alternately laying, and then fill in " assisting " plate (" secondary " panel).For example, erection sequence can be

plate

1,3,5,7,9,11 etc., then is

plate

2,4,6,8,10 etc. subsequently.In other cases, at first construct only several " master " plates, for example plate 1,10 and 20; A series of " continuously " plate (" continuity " panel) 2,11,3,12 etc. is installed subsequently again, is made the film partition wall by closing up plate 9 and 19.All mainboards need use template to come to provide clear complete border to each plate on every limit of its each groove, to guarantee that the junction between the adjacent panels can waterproof.On the contrary, continuous slab only need a template away from the edge of front casting plate at groove.These templates are commonly referred to the retaining end, and provide concrete in each vertical edge of the plate with reservation shape.

Retaining end is a column always, and its diameter equals the width of film partition wall, though also adopt several other forms, as the square-section or include an organ timbering body.After concrete pouring, very soon take off the retaining end by vertical separation.Can allow to postpone a few hours so that concrete obtains some early strength, but nonetheless, the vertical speed of necessary careful balance time and dismounting is so that form as far as possible little infringement to concrete.If dismantled before concrete reaches enough intensity, when taking off the retaining end, concrete just has the danger of caving in, thereby in groove adjacent plate is counteracted.This method that retracts is traversed the bonding land of introducing between two plates to a waterproof bar (water-bar) and/or connector in advance, this waterproof bar can be rubber, PVC and bonding jumper, usually 150mm is wide thick with 10mm, its half be cast in first concrete, its second half be cast among subsequently the concrete.This process that vertically retracts the retaining end can make the dislocation of waterproof bar or tear.

In addition, in case the concrete typing, this will spend several days or very straight several time-of-weeks, but just level dismounting retaining is held.Usually be formed from steel box-shaped or roughly such retaining end of plate section shape to when digging the groove that is used on adjacent panels, just take off.Because retaining often holds that brute force is adhered on the concrete, it is very difficult to retract operation.

Usually, between concrete and retaining end, squeeze into a chock and dismantle this class retaining end, as European patent EP 0101350.Its shortcoming is that this can damage concrete, and concrete reason is that the chock shape will wrapped and kept off end, this means groove and the film partition board of the width of retaining end less than excavation.Because such configuration just unavoidably causes damage, this is because when dismounting retaining end, chock can cut or do to split some part at the vertical edge of film partition board.Also have, use horizontal method for dismounting, impact chock, this can cause further damage to concrete.

In some occasion, excavating when one solidifies typing film partition wall, impact chock with the pawl that digs of excavator.Dig on the pawl and install to retaining end when top that to dismantle when chock is connected to, dig pawl and just following retaining end route downwards.This helps to reduce the dislocation of adjacent panels in the bonding land.Yet, chock is installed to a result who digs on the pawl be, when excavating an auxilliary plate groove, move down when digging pawl excavating this secondary trenches for order, the retaining end just is forced to the concrete away from mainboard.Drawing back when digging pawl, the retaining end usually rebounds on the concrete, thereby causes damaging concrete and/or installable any waterproof bar.Whenever dig that once only to dig about 200mm dark owing to dig pawl, clearly, for as the dark film partition wall of 20m, then will dig about 100 times, excavation each time all has the concrete danger that damage is solidified previously.

From European patent EP 0,402, as can be known, come level dismounting one retaining end in 247 and EP0,462,010, but this to dig that pawl is connected on a groove on the retaining end scope of freedom to excavator and dig pawl by open and close and applies and impact or impact force without chock.Though the damage that in this type systematic concrete is caused is than little with the system of chock, lifting at every turn or closing up when digging pawl, still have because of the hurtful danger on concrete and/or the waterproof bar that rebounds of retaining end.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of demounting tool now is provided, be used for when building film partition wall, dismantling formwork parts from concrete slab, this demounting tool comprises a main body, the linkage that this main body is provided with is used for connecting slidably a scope of freedom of this formwork parts, it is characterized in that, this linkage comprises upper and lower part at least, they in use are relatively set into a bending force are applied on the formwork parts, so that formwork parts is stripped off from concrete slab, and do not allow formwork parts rebound uncontrollably on the concrete slab.

According to a second aspect of the invention, now providing a kind of is used for from the method for concrete slab dismounting formwork parts when building film partition wall, this method comprises the steps: a demounting tool is slidably connected on the scope of freedom of formwork parts, and this demounting tool is advanced downwards along the length of formwork parts, this demounting tool has a main body and the linkage on the scope of freedom of the formwork parts that is used to be slidingly connected, it is characterized in that, this linkage comprises at least to be gone up, the lower part, they in use are relatively set into a bending force are applied on the formwork parts, so that formwork parts is stripped off from concrete slab, and do not allow formwork parts rebound uncontrollably on the concrete slab.

This formwork parts or the best length along its scope of freedom of retaining end are provided with guide rail, the linkage that unloads the instrument of tearing open this guide rail that slidably mating.Be provided with two guide rails in certain embodiments of the present invention, establish one along each side on the scope of freedom that retaining is held.Yet when using wide retaining end that quite thick film partition wall is installed (for example, thickness is greater than 1200mm), the scope of freedom that is preferably in the retaining end is provided with more than two guide rails, to guarantee when dismantling along applying bending force relatively uniformly on the width of retaining end.The retaining end can be made into steel or other suitable materials of continuous length, or is made of segmentation, and these segmentations are coupled together to reach required length by welding or other mechanical connection manners.In one embodiment of the invention, demounting tool comprises a main body with upper and lower linkage, in the time of on demounting tool being connected to the retaining end, free side at the retaining end, the upper and lower part of linkage lays respectively among first and second planes that are parallel to interface between concrete slab and the retaining end, and first plane is more farther than the second plan range interface.Because last linkage is more farther from interface than lower connecting device, last connection dress will be pulled away from out the retaining end by applying a bending force from concrete, and this bending force carries out reaction by lower connecting device.Best, the lower part of linkage has at least connecting retaining end at 2, these two tie points along the axis of a length that is basically parallel to the demounting tool main body each other apart from opening.When demounting tool when the length of retaining end is advanced, this helps to keep demounting tool to be roughly parallel to or the equidistant interface between concrete slab and retaining end roughly.Best, the spacing between linkage and the demounting tool main body is adjustable.

In order to unload the retaining end fully, demounting tool is advanced along the length of retaining end.This is by mentioning repeatedly and moving down demounting tool or utilize a vibrator or hammering device can be accomplished.Among some embodiment, demounting tool can form the part that an excavator digs pawl.Clearly, when rising demounting tool, retaining is held on the concrete slab that can not rebound uncontrolledly at every turn, but is guided by the fastening means of demounting tool in a controlled manner.Compare with the known system of summarizing previously, the present invention need not insert the thing of chock and so between plate and retaining end just can pull down the retaining end, does not also make retaining hold on the concrete that rebounds or on the waterproof bar that may install.

Utilizing the guide rail that keeps off on the scope of freedom of holding to guide excavator to dig pawl and not retracting retaining end itself also is feasible in the present invention.This is provided with following apparatus and can accomplishes by digging at excavator on pawl, this device is installed between the guide rail that keeps off on the end closely, but not with its engagement, thus make excavator dig that pawl keeps accurately aiming at when excavating adjacent trenches and the retaining end from the concrete of the piece plate made previously toward drop-down.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, lower connecting device is passive, be that its main body with respect to demounting tool is fixed on a position of determining, last linkage is movable, be that it has driving mechanism, this driving mechanism is used to spur linkage and thus the limit of retaining end from concrete slab is pulled down.Drive unit can be hydraulic pressure or pneumatic push rod, motor or other devices that is suitable for.Last linkage just begins to be positioned at an initial plane, and this plane is same plane with following bindiny mechanism roughly, delivers to the top of retaining end under the demounting tool.Demounting tool is remained on the top that retaining is held, start drive unit the top of retaining end is pulled down from concrete.Then, oppositely start drive unit and make bindiny mechanism be returned to its original position, then demounting tool is moved down a certain amount ofly, start drive unit again.Carrying out this process repeatedly peels from concrete slab up to the retaining end fully.

In another embodiment of the present invention, can the flexible connection machine be set in the top and the bottom of demounting tool main body, at least one passive linkage is set betwixt.This makes the retaining end produce bigger bending in the process of retracting, and can do demounting tool shortlyer than the embodiment of front, and this is very useful when the retaining end has torsional deformation.

Preferably make can be by the rocking arm form of drive unit effect for the activity-driven device, thereby the main body of retaining end and demounting tool is pulled to together at top and bottom tie point.

Linkage can be the similar device of nose bar or hangers or other, and they can be meshed with the guide rail on being located at the retaining end scope of freedom.Because linkage is meshing the scope of freedom of retaining end, with European patent EP 0,101,350 system compares, and the width that the retaining end is had can equal or be slightly larger than the groove width of fluid concrete plate therein.This helps avoid concrete overflowing and spills, and spills then and will wipe off if having to overflow, and the danger that damages the concrete slab main body is arranged when dismounting retaining end.

In order to understand the present invention better and to show bright its embodiment, now describe with reference to the accompanying drawings with way of example, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the phantom drawing that is applicable to retaining end of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the horizontal sectional view that the retaining end of back Fig. 1 is installed;

The step of the plate of Fig. 3,4,5,6, the straight film partition wall part of 7 and 8 expression cast conducts;

The step of the plate of Fig. 9,10,11,12, the curved film partition wall part of 13 and 14 expression cast conducts;

Figure 15 is the lateral view of demounting tool of the present invention that is contained in the retaining end of Fig. 1 and 2;

Figure 16 is the horizontal sectional view of Figure 15;

Figure 17 and 18 and 19 illustrates the method that retracts the retaining end with the demounting tool of Figure 15 and 16 from concrete;

Figure 20 shows the bright horizontal sectional view that is applicable to another retaining end of the present invention;

Figure 21 is the lateral view of the retaining end of Figure 20;

Figure 22 is the lateral view of another demounting tool of the present invention;

Figure 23 is the elevation of the demounting tool of Figure 22;

Figure 24 is contained in the Figure 22 on Figure 20 and the 21 retaining ends and the horizontal sectional view of 23 demounting tool;

Figure 25 and 26 and 27 is lateral views of another demounting tool of the present invention; And

Figure 28 is the horizontal sectional view that is installed to Figure 25 on the retaining end, 26 and 27 demounting tool.

Fig. 1 represents a retaining end 1, and two guide rails 2 are arranged on its scope of freedom 3.If retaining end 1 is quite wide, preferably the central region on the scope of freedom 3 of edge retaining end 1 is provided with the guide rail 2 that adds in addition.Greater than retaining end, can between two edge guide, establish the guide rail (not shown) in a T-shape cross section for width as 1200mm.As shown in Figure 2, retaining end 1 vertically is placed on one side of a conduit 4, will make concrete slab in this conduit.Before fluid concrete 5, a backboard 6 can be set between guide rail 2 form a cavity 7, can fill a kind of packing material 8 therein, as foam grain, grit and other suitable materials, in order to avoid concrete 5 unexpected overflowing are let out on the scope of freedom 3 of retaining end 1.In order to be convenient to pull down backboard 6 afterwards, can be poured into packing material 8 among the sack 33 that is arranged in cavity 7.The length of side of sack 33 is greater than the girth of cavity 7, so that sack 33 outwards stretches and be filled into all vacancies of retaining end 1 back.Sack 33 can be made by the rope made of hemp or other suitable materials of impregnate with bitumen.In addition, except employing graininess packing material 8, available swell soil and a conduit (not shown) are come cavity filling 7, this conduit are inserted and can arrive more swell soil infusion the bottom of retaining end 1.Utilize swell soil can wash out the concrete 5 that accident sandwiches.Retaining end 1 face 9 that will contact with concrete 5 can be provided with one or more groove or conduits 10 that run through the whole length of retaining end 1.These grooves or conduit 10 can be used to be installed in a waterproof bar and/or metal connecting piece 11, and half that makes waterproof bar and/or metal connecting piece 11 surrounded by the concrete 5 that constitutes one first plate, and second half will be surrounded by concrete when one second adjacent panels is installed.Waterproof bar 11 can be made by rubber, plastics and metal.

The step of a plate of a film partition wall is represented to install in Fig. 3,4,5,6,7 and 8 usefulness horizontal sections.At first, as shown in Figure 3, on floor 13, dig a groove 12; Put a shelves end 1 (Fig. 4) at an end of groove 12; With a kind of packing material 8 cavity fillings 7, then, concrete perfusion 5 (Fig. 5) in groove 12.Roughly pass through after a couple of days or several weeks, concrete 5 has been finalized the design, the opposite side of retaining end 1 in connection with first groove 12 dig again one article of the 2nd groove 12 ', take out packing material 8 (Fig. 6).Digging 12 ' time of second groove, the digging pawl and can be provided with the alignment device (not shown) of excavator dug pawl rightly between the guide rail 2 of retaining end 1, but not with its engagement so that guarantee two grooves 12 and 12 ' good alignment.Then, one demounting tool 14 is put into (Fig. 7) among the guide rail 2 of retaining end 1 and entered the lower curtate of retaining end 1, this is by falling alternately and mentioning demounting tool 14 by in addition vibration or hammering or utilize the pawl (not shown) of digging of excavator to finish, up to from concrete 5 retaining end 1 being split come (Fig. 8) fully.Retaining end 1 can be placed on second groove 12 ' the termination and repeat said process.

In the occasion of the curved film partition wall of needs, observe a similar program, special character be will with the retaining end 1 of a unique shape '.Fig. 9,10,11,12,13 and 14 illustrates related step, and shows that bright used retaining end 1 is provided with an extension edge 15 on the one side.

Figure 15 and 16 illustrates in greater detail demounting tool 14.The main body 16 of demounting tool 14 is quite heavy usually, preferably reaches several tons of weights.Stretch out lower connecting device from main body 16, it comprises two pairs of hangers 17, and they are installed on the adjustable hangers support 18, and the hangers support can change the spacing of hangers 17 to main body 16 on demand.Usually, hangers 17 is 200mm apart from main body, though accurately spacing depends on concrete application scenario.Last linkage comprises that another is to being installed in the hangers 19 on the adjustable hangers support 20.

Hangers

17 and 19 can be installed among the guide rail 2 of a retaining end 1, and they can be made by hardened steel, and can have running roller or the bearing (not shown) reduces friction.

In one first embodiment of the present invention, hangers 19 is passive, holds in the unloading process at retaining, they is set for from main body 16 have a predetermined spacing, and this spacing is less than the spacing of following hangers 17.Usually, last hangers can be 170-185mm apart with main body 16.In order to retract retaining end 1 (Figure 17,18 and 19) from concrete 5, originally can set for last hangers 19 identical apart from the spacing of main body 16 with following hangers 17, demounting tool 14 be installed (this guide rail 2 stretches out from concrete 5) among the guide rail 2 of retaining end 1 into, regulate then and go up hangers 19, as regulating, so that its more close main body 16 by screw.In addition, guide rail 2 can be offered chamfering on the top of retaining end 1, represents clearlyer as Figure 22, even if at last hangers 19 when its work is provided with, this also makes demounting tool 14 can be installed to retaining and holds on 1.For from concrete 5 dismounting retaining end 1, utilize the thing of crane and so on to move down alternately and on carry demounting tool 14, or utilize vibrator, hammer or or even excavator dig pawl, make demounting tool 14 descending along the length of retaining end.Because the main body 16 of last hangers 19 more close demounting tools 14, and this main body holds securely by playing hangers 17 to be parallel to retaining end 1, as can be seen, last hangers 19 will apply bending force to retaining end 1, can strip down retaining end 1 from concrete 5 thereby needn't introduce any separator between concrete 5 and retaining end 1.Also have, when rising demounting tool 14, retaining end 1 just can not be again rebounds on the concrete 5 in uncontrolled mode, but but under the guiding of

hangers

17 and 19 recurvation arrive its home position.This helps avoid the waterproof bar 11 that damages concrete 5 and may install.

In another embodiment of the present invention, last hangers 19 is movable, and promptly they are provided with the drive unit (not shown) that can make and come mobile hangers 19 to make it more approaching or further from the main body 16 of demounting tool 14.Drive unit can be hydraulic pressure or pneumatic push rod, motor or other devices that is suitable for.In the present embodiment, demounting tool 14 also utilizes guide rail 2 to be installed on the retaining end 1 as before, and its special character is, originally, last hangers 19 can be identical with play hangers 17 apart from the spacing of main body 16, thereby holds 1 top that the guide rail 2 of being with chamfering must be set at retaining.Then, open drive unit last hangers 19 is pulled to main body 16, thereby retaining end 1 is pulled out concrete 5.Make hangers turn back to its initial position then, again demounting tool 14 is dropped to a predetermined altitude afterwards, start drive unit herein once more and pull on hangers 19, thereby pull out retaining end 1 from concrete 5.Carry out this process repeatedly, up to whole retaining end 1 is peeled from concrete 5.

In order to dispose unnecessary dirt or foreign material, can on its base, be provided with a scraper plate and/or tooth 20 on the demounting tool 14 from the scope of freedom 3 of retaining end 1.

Figure 20 and 21 illustrates one and is applicable to other retaining end 21 of the present invention.This retaining end 21 is provided with guide rail 22 on its scope of freedom 23, and has the groove or a conduit 24 that can insert a waterproof bar.This retaining end also is provided with a backboard 25 that can be inserted between the guide rail 22 and isolates a cavity 26, can inject packing material in this cavity when a film partition wall is installed.Represent the most clearly as Figure 21, guide rail 22 is can be from the scope of freedom at the top of retaining end 21 23 protruding, is convenient to install the demounting tool 26 shown in Figure 22 and 23 so that a lead segment to be provided.

Demounting tool 26 is provided with adjustable dop 27 and a movable upper chuck 28 down.Movable upper chuck 28 can be adorned 30 by driving and shift near the main body 29 of demounting tool 26 or away from it, drive unit can be hydraulic pressure or pneumatic push rod, motor or any other suitable device.The program of dismantling this retaining end 21 is with aforementioned the same, and is shown among Figure 24, and this diagram is bright to be installed in a horizontal section among demounting tool 26 bottoms of guide rail 22 of retaining end 21.Following dop 27 is connected on the main body 29 of demounting tool 26 by bolt 31 and lock nut 32, can regulate this bolt and lock nut and change the down distance between the dop 27 and main body 29.The main body 29 of demounting tool 26 is very heavy usually, at least one ton of weight best in quality of demounting tool 26.In some embodiments, its quality is much bigger, and this depends on the length of

demounting tool

14 and 26, the width of retaining end 1 and 21 and the rigidity of retaining end section.

Figure 25,26 and 27 illustrates another demounting tool 34.This demounting tool 34 is provided with movable chuck 35 and 36 with the lower end in the top, is provided with a passive dop 37 betwixt.Movable chuck 35 and 36 is forms of rocking arm 38 and 39, and they are driven by push rod 40 and 41.The upper and lower end that wall 38 and 39 dealings spur retaining end 42 and demounting tool 34 is together shaken in driving, with passive dop 37 as fulcrum.This demounting tool can make retaining end 42 produce bigger bending, the distortion that is specially adapted to keep off end 42 means almost there is not the occasion of straightway widely, this is because the comparable aforesaid demounting tool of demounting tool 34 14 and 26 is shorter, and still can provide effective bending force.

As shown in figure 28, rocking arm 38 and 39 is provided with hangers 43, and this hangers is packed into and kept off among the guide rail of holding on 42 44.

Claims

1. demounting tool, be used for when building film partition wall, dismantling formwork parts from concrete slab, this demounting tool comprises a main body, the linkage that this main body is provided with is used for connecting slidably a scope of freedom of this formwork parts, it is characterized in that, this linkage comprises upper and lower part at least, they in use are relatively set into a bending force are applied on the formwork parts, so that formwork parts is stripped off from concrete slab, and do not allow formwork parts rebound uncontrollably on the concrete slab.

2. demounting tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the time of on demounting tool being connected to the retaining end, free side at the retaining end, the upper and lower part of linkage lays respectively among first and second planes that are parallel to interface between concrete slab and the retaining end, and first plane is more farther than the second plan range interface.

3. demounting tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, the lower part of linkage has at least connecting retaining end at 2, these two tie points along the axis of a length that is basically parallel to the demounting tool main body each other apart from opening.

4. the described demounting tool of arbitrary as described above claim, wherein, the spacing between linkage and the demounting tool main body is adjustable.

5. the described demounting tool of arbitrary as described above claim, wherein, last linkage has drive unit and is used to change the spacing that goes up between linkage and the demounting tool main body.

6. the described demounting tool of arbitrary as described above claim, wherein, articulating device is positioned at the upper and lower end of demounting tool main body, and be provided with drive unit and be used to change spacing between articulating device and the demounting tool main body, the passive linkage that is provided with on the demounting tool main body is between articulating device.

7. demounting tool as claimed in claim 6, wherein, articulating device comprises rocking arm.

8. as claim 5,6 or 7 described demounting tools, wherein, described drive unit comprises hydraulic pressure or pneumatic push rod.

9. one kind is used for from the method for concrete slab dismounting formwork parts when building film partition wall, this method comprises the steps: a demounting tool is slidably connected on the scope of freedom of formwork parts, and this demounting tool is advanced downwards along the length of formwork parts, this demounting tool has a main body and the linkage on the scope of freedom of the formwork parts that is used to be slidingly connected, it is characterized in that, this linkage comprises at least to be gone up, the lower part, they in use are relatively set into a bending force are applied on the formwork parts, so that formwork parts is stripped off from concrete slab, and do not allow formwork parts rebound uncontrollably on the concrete slab.

10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, last linkage has drive unit and is used to change the spacing that goes up between linkage and the demounting tool main body, thereby formwork parts is stripped down from concrete slab.

11. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, articulating device is positioned at the upper and lower end of demounting tool main body, and be provided with drive unit and be used to change spacing between articulating device and the demounting tool main body, the passive linkage that is provided with on the demounting tool main body is between articulating device, so that as formwork parts can be around its crooked fulcrum when drive unit is worked.

12., wherein, promote and move down demounting tool repeatedly with respect to formwork parts as claim 9,10 or 11 described methods.

13., wherein, vibrate or impact demounting tool and help dismantle formwork parts as each described method among the claim 9-12.

14. as each described method among the claim 10-13, wherein,

I) drive unit drives linkage and spurs formwork parts and demounting tool main body in opposite directions, thereby one section formwork parts is peeled away from concrete slab;

Ii) reverse drive drive unit is so that linkage returns its original position;

Iii) make demounting tool move down a segment distance with respect to formwork parts; And

Iv) repeating step i)-iii) up to pulling down formwork parts from concrete slab fully.