CN117426295A - Soilless culture nutrition fertilization device and fertilization method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device and a fertilization method, belonging to the technical field of soilless cultivation. The soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device and a fertilization method include a storage base, and one side of the top of the storage base is fixed. A support shaft is connected to the outer wall of the support shaft, and a three-dimensional cultivation mechanism is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support shaft. A detachable water storage and moisturizing layer is installed inside the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism, and a stirring mechanism is also installed on the storage base; the storage base A support mechanism is fixedly connected to the center of the top, and a ventilation mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the support mechanism; a nutrient solution spraying mechanism is installed between the support mechanism and the storage base. By designing a three-dimensional cultivation mechanism and a water-storage and moisturizing layer, the present invention can not only make the water-storage and moisturizing layer have good water absorption and moisturizing properties, so as to ensure that the plant roots can fully absorb the nutrient solution in the water-storage and moisturizing layer, but also prevent The natural evaporation of a large amount of nutrient solution reduces water consumption.

Description

Nutrient fertilization device for soilless cultivation and fertilization method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soilless cultivation, and specifically relates to a soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device and a fertilization method thereof.

Background technique

Soilless cultivation is a cultivation technology that does not use natural soil but uses nutrient solutions containing essential elements for plant growth and development to provide nutrients so that plants can complete their entire life cycle normally. In soilless cultivation, the culture solution (nutrient solution) is generally prepared artificially. In order to supply plants with mineral nutrients, in soilless cultivation technology, whether it can provide plants with a nutrient solution with coordinated proportions and appropriate concentration is the key to successful cultivation.

With the continuous development of science and technology, soilless cultivation technology has become the key development direction of modern agricultural planting technology. Currently, various vegetables grown with soilless cultivation technology have appeared on the market. Hydroponics is the most common soilless cultivation method. At present, when most vegetables are cultivated without soil, the vegetable roots are directly immersed in the nutrient solution tank/pool. Although it can ensure that the vegetable roots can fully absorb the nutrient solution, this open fertilization device can also easily cause a large amount of nutrients. The natural evaporation of the liquid causes huge consumption of water resources, thereby increasing production costs. At the same time, because the vegetable roots continue to be soaked in the nutrient solution for a long time, it will affect root respiration and easily lead to root hypoxia. In severe cases, even It will cause the roots to die, thus affecting the overall vegetable quality and yield.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device and a fertilization method thereof.

The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: a soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device, which includes a storage base. A support shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the storage base, and a three-dimensional cultivation mechanism is rotationally connected to the outer wall of the support shaft. , A detachable water storage and moisturizing layer is installed inside the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism, and a water retaining strip corresponding to the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism is installed on the top of the storage base;

A stirring mechanism is also installed on the storage base;

A support mechanism is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the storage base, and a ventilation mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the support mechanism;

A nutrient solution spraying mechanism is installed between the support mechanism and the storage base. The nutrient solution spraying mechanism sprays the nutrient solution in the storage base onto the water storage and moisturizing layer. An intelligent smart device is installed on one side of the front end of the storage base. monitor;

A plurality of sponge blocks for cultivation are placed on the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism.

Further, the storage base includes a storage box, a plurality of adjustable support seats are installed on the bottom of the storage box, and a plurality of evenly distributed through holes are provided on the top of the storage box. There is an observation window at the center of the front end of the box, and a scale mark is provided on one side of the observation window. The front and rear ends of the top of the storage box are respectively provided with a first water injection port and a second water injection port. There is a drain outlet at the bottom of the end.

Through the above technical solution, the storage box is used to prepare and store nutrient solution. A certain proportion of water and nutrient solution reagent can be added into the storage box through the first water injection port and the second water injection port respectively, and the mixing and stirring of the stirring mechanism , so that special nutrient solution can be prepared. There is an observation window and a scale mark at the center of the front end of the storage box, which can facilitate managers to know the remaining amount of nutrient solution in the storage box in real time, so as to replenish and prepare it in time; in addition, the top of the storage box There is a groove with multiple evenly distributed through holes on the bottom of the groove. When the water storage and moisturizing layer absorbs too much nutrient solution and the nutrient solution drips from the bottom, the groove can collect the nutrient solution. , and the nutrient solution will eventually flow back into the storage tank through multiple through holes to reduce the loss and waste of nutrient solution.

Further, the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism includes a first cultivation frame and a second cultivation frame that are rotatably connected to a supporting rotating shaft. Both the first cultivation frame and the second cultivation frame have a semi-cylindrical shell structure. The first cultivation frame has a semi-cylindrical shell structure. A plurality of integrated cultivation seats are provided on the outside of the cultivation frame and the second cultivation frame. The bottoms of the plurality of cultivation seats are provided with through-holes. The insides of the first cultivation frame and the second cultivation frame are fixedly connected with A plurality of evenly distributed steel wire limit frames, the second cultivation frame is equipped with a plurality of fixed clamps on the outside of one end away from the supporting rotating shaft, and the first cultivation frame is equipped with a plurality of fixed clamping seats on the outside of one end of the supporting rotating shaft. Matching retaining latches.

Through the above technical solution, the first cultivation frame and the second cultivation frame are used for transplanting and planting vegetable seedlings. The vegetable seedlings cultivated in the sponge blocks can be inserted into the corresponding cultivation seats, and their roots penetrate the corresponding round holes. At this time, the roots of the seedlings can be in contact with the water storage and moisturizing layers between the multiple steel wire limiting frames, so that the roots of the seedlings can fully absorb the nutrient solution in the water storage and moisturizing layers; in addition, due to the first cultivation frame and the second cultivation frame They are locked and fixed through multiple sets of fixed clamps and fixed locks, making it easy to open and close. When the internal structure of the device fails, it is also easy to unlock quickly and make the first cultivation rack and the second cultivation rack It can be rotated and opened around the supporting shaft to facilitate quick inspection and maintenance.

Further, the sponge block is placed in a corresponding cultivation base when used.

Through the above technical solution, it is not only convenient to operate and place, but also can provide stable support for the vegetables grown, and it is also convenient to pick the vegetables after they are mature.

Further, the water storage and moisturizing layer is made of sponge pad, cotton pad or non-woven fabric, and the water storage and moisturizing layer is installed between multiple steel wire limiting frames.

Through the above technical solution, the water storage and moisturizing layer can be made of materials including but not limited to sponge pads, cotton pads or non-woven fabrics, so that the water storage and moisturizing layer has good water absorption and moisturizing properties to ensure that the plant roots can fully Absorbs the nutrient solution in the water-retaining moisturizing layer.

Further, the stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor installed and fixed on the top of the storage box. A waterproof cover is installed on the outside of the stirring motor. A silicone pad is also installed between the storage box and the waterproof cover. The stirring motor is A stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the output end. A rotating support base for positioning the bottom end of the stirring shaft is installed at the center of the inner surface of the bottom of the storage box. A fixed sleeve is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of the mixing shaft, and the outer wall of the fixed sleeve is fixed on the peripheral side. A plurality of evenly distributed stirring rods are connected, and vertical rods are fixedly connected to the other ends of the plurality of stirring rods.

Through the above technical solution, when the stirring motor is started, the output shaft of the stirring motor can drive the stirring shaft to rotate synchronously, and then the stirring shaft can drive multiple stirring rods and multiple vertical rods to rotate synchronously, so that the contents in the storage box can be The water and nutrient solution reagent are evenly stirred to prepare a nutrient solution.

Further, the support mechanism includes a fixed frame fixed on the top of the storage box, a mounting base is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the fixed frame, and a support column is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base.

Through the above technical solution, the support mechanism mainly plays a supporting role, and the fixed frame and the supporting column can play a stable supporting role for the ventilation mechanism.

Further, the ventilation mechanism includes a ventilation top cover fixed on the top of the support column. The top of the ventilation top cover is fixedly connected with a connecting seat. A ventilation fan is installed on one side of the top of the ventilation top cover. The top periphery of the ventilation top cover is There are multiple evenly distributed ventilation holes on the side.

Through the above technical solution, by installing a ventilation top cover on the top of the support column, the ventilation top cover can cooperate with the storage base and the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism to form a relatively closed space to reduce the natural evaporation loss of water in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism; in addition, The ventilation fan can be started regularly several times a day, and the ventilation fan blows sufficient air into the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism for ventilation, so that the plant roots in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism can absorb sufficient oxygen to prevent hypoxia in the plant roots.

Further, the nutrient solution spraying mechanism includes a water pump installed on one side of the top of the fixed frame. The water inlet of the water pump is fixedly connected with a water pipe. The bottom end of the water pipe runs through the storage box and extends to it. At the bottom, the water outlet of the water pump is fixedly connected with a water outlet pipe, and a sprinkler head is installed on the top of the outer wall of the support column.

Through the above technical solution, when fertilization is required, the water pump can be started, and the water pump draws the nutrient solution configured in the storage box through the water pipe, and sends the nutrient solution to the sprinkler head through the water outlet pipe;

Further, the sprinkler head includes a sprinkler head main body, a plurality of evenly distributed installation holes are provided on the top of the outer wall of the sprinkler head main body, a cavity is provided in the sprinkler head main body, and an annular fine nozzle hole is provided in the center of the outer wall of the sprinkler head main body. , a connector is provided on one side of the bottom of the nozzle body, and the top of the water outlet pipe is connected to the connector.

Through the above technical solution, when the nutrient solution enters the cavity of the nozzle body, the nutrient solution in the cavity will be evenly sprayed around through the annular fine nozzle holes, and then the nutrient solution will be sprayed on the water storage and moisturizing layer, and the water storage and moisturizing layer will The nutrient solution on the surface will slowly penetrate from top to bottom, so that the water storage and moisturizing layer is evenly filled with nutrient solution.

The fertilization method of the soilless culture nutrient fertilization device includes the following specific steps:

Step 1: Add a certain proportion of water and nutrient solution reagent into the storage box through the first water injection port and the second water injection port respectively;

Step 2: Start the stirring motor, and the output shaft of the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft, multiple stirring rods and multiple vertical rods to rotate synchronously, thereby uniformly stirring the water and nutrient solution reagents to prepare the nutrient solution;

Step 3: The cultivated plant seedlings are cultivated in the sponge block, and the sponge block is placed on the corresponding cultivation base. During the growth process, the roots of the seedlings will pass through the round holes and come into contact with the water storage and moisturizing layer;

Step 4: When fertilization is required, start the water pump. The water pump draws the nutrient solution configured in the storage box through the water pipe, and sends the nutrient solution into the cavity of the sprinkler head through the outlet pipe, and enters the nutrient solution in the cavity. The liquid will be sprayed evenly around through the annular fine nozzle holes, and then the nutrient solution will be sprayed on the water storage and moisturizing layer;

Step 5: Since the water-storing and moisturizing layer itself has good water absorption and water-locking properties, the water-storing and moisturizing layer will be filled with nutrient solution. At this time, the roots of the seedlings in close contact with the water-storing and moisturizing layer will absorb the water-storing and moisturizing layer. The nutrient solution in the plant is used to achieve the purpose of fertilization. The nutrient solution spraying mechanism is started regularly according to the actual situation, so that the water storage and moisturizing layer is always in a moist state to ensure the nutrient supply of plant seedlings;

Step 6: Start the ventilation fan regularly several times a day. The ventilation fan blows sufficient air into the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism for ventilation, so that the plant roots in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism can absorb sufficient oxygen.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) By designing a three-dimensional cultivation mechanism and a water-storing and moisturizing layer, the present invention can make the water-storing and moisturizing layer have good water absorption and moisturizing properties to ensure that plant roots can fully absorb the water-storing and moisturizing layer. The nutrient solution in the nutrient solution can also prevent the natural evaporation of a large amount of nutrient solution, reducing water consumption and production costs; (2) The present invention designs a three-dimensional cultivation mechanism, a water storage and moisturizing layer, and a nutrient solution spraying mechanism. and a ventilation mechanism, so that the ventilation top cover can cooperate with the storage base and the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism to form a relatively closed space, which not only reduces the natural evaporation loss of water in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism, but also starts the ventilation fan several times every day. The fan blows sufficient air into the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism for ventilation, so that the plant roots in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism can absorb sufficient oxygen, effectively preventing hypoxia in the plant roots and greatly reducing the mortality of planted crops.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a first perspective structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a second perspective structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a front view of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first cultivation frame of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of position A in Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the ventilation mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a front view of the ventilation mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 10;

Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of C in Figure 10;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the nutrient solution spraying mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the sponge block of the present invention.

Reference signs: 1. Storage base; 101. Storage box; 102. Adjustable support seat; 103. Through hole; 104. Observation window; 105. Scale mark; 106. First water injection port; 107. Second injection Water outlet; 108, drainage outlet; 2, support rotating shaft; 3, three-dimensional cultivation mechanism; 301, first cultivation frame; 302, second cultivation frame; 303, cultivation base; 304, round hole; 305, steel wire limit frame; 306 , fixed card holder; 307, fixed lock; 4, water storage and moisturizing layer; 5, stirring mechanism; 501, stirring motor; 502, waterproof cover; 503, silicone pad; 504, stirring shaft; 505, rotating support base; 506 , fixed sleeve; 507, stirring rod; 508, vertical rod; 6, support mechanism; 601, fixed frame; 602, mounting base; 603, support column; 7, ventilation mechanism; 701, ventilation top cover; 702, connecting seat; 703. Ventilation fan; 704. Ventilation hole; 8. Nutrient solution spraying mechanism; 801. Water pump; 802. Water pumping pipe; 803. Water outlet pipe; 804. Sprinkler head; 8041. Sprinkler head body; 8042. Installation hole; 8043. Empty Cavity; 8044, annular fine nozzle hole; 8045, connector; 9, water retaining strip; 10, intelligent display; 11, sponge block.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 13, a soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device in this embodiment includes a storage base 1. The storage base 1 includes a storage box 101. A plurality of removable storage boxes are installed around the bottom of the storage box 101. Adjust the support base 102. A plurality of evenly distributed through holes 103 are provided on the top of the storage box 101. An observation window 104 is provided at the center of the front end of the storage box 101. A scale mark 105 is provided on one side of the observation window 104. The storage box 101 The front and rear ends of the top are respectively provided with a first water injection port 106 and a second water injection port 107. The bottom of the rear end of the storage box 101 is provided with a drainage port 108. The storage box 101 is used for preparing and storing nutrient solution, which can be passed through the first water injection port 106 and the second water injection port 107 respectively. The water injection port 106 and the second water injection port 107 add a certain proportion of water and nutrient solution reagent into the storage box 101, and cooperate with the mixing and stirring of the stirring mechanism 5, so that a special nutrient solution can be prepared. The center of the front end of the storage box 101 It is equipped with an observation window 104 and a scale mark 105, which can facilitate the management personnel to know the remaining amount of nutrient solution in the storage box 101 in real time, so as to replenish and prepare it in time; in addition, the top of the storage box 101 is provided with a groove, and the bottom of the groove is provided with openings on the sides. There are multiple evenly distributed through holes 103. When the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 absorbs too much nutrient solution and the nutrient solution drips from the bottom, the grooves can collect the nutrient solution, and eventually the nutrient solution will pass through multiple through holes. The hole 103 flows back into the storage tank 101 to reduce the loss and waste of nutrient solution.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a support shaft 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the storage base 1, and a three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support shaft 2. The three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 includes a first rotary shaft 2 that is rotatably connected to the support shaft 2. The cultivation rack 301 and the second cultivation rack 302, the first cultivation rack 301 and the second cultivation rack 302 are all in the form of a semi-cylindrical shell structure, and there are multiple integrated ones on the outside of the first cultivation rack 301 and the second cultivation rack 302. The cultivation base 303 has through-holes 304 at the bottoms of the plurality of cultivation bases 303. A plurality of evenly distributed steel wire limiting frames 305 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first cultivation frame 301 and the second cultivation frame 302. The second cultivation frame A plurality of fixed clamps 306 are installed on the outer side of the end of the first cultivation frame 302 away from the supporting rotating shaft 2. A plurality of fixed locks 307 matching the fixed clamping bases 306 are installed on the outer side of the first cultivation frame 301 away from the supporting rotating shaft 2. 301 and the second cultivation frame 302 are used for transplanting and planting vegetable seedlings. The vegetable seedlings cultivated in the sponge block 11 can be inserted into the corresponding cultivation base 303, and their roots penetrate the corresponding round holes 304. At this time, the roots of the seedlings That is, it can be in contact with the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 between the plurality of steel wire limiting frames 305, so that the roots of the seedlings can fully absorb the nutrient solution in the water storage and moisturizing layer 4; in addition, because the first cultivation frame 301 and the second cultivation frame 302 are locked and fixed by multiple sets of fixed clamps 306 and fixed locks 307, making it easy to open and close. When the internal structure of the device fails, it is also convenient to quickly unlock and make the first cultivation rack 301 and The second cultivation frame 302 can be rotated and opened around the support shaft 2 to facilitate quick inspection and maintenance.

As shown in Figure 4, a detachable water storage and moisturizing layer 4 is installed inside the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3. The water storage and moisturizing layer 4 is made of sponge pad, cotton pad or non-woven fabric, and the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 is installed on multiple Between the steel wire limiting frames 305, the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 can be made of materials including but not limited to sponge pads, cotton pads or non-woven fabrics, so that the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 has good water absorption and moisturizing properties. It is ensured that the plant roots can fully absorb the nutrient solution in the water storage and moisturizing layer 4.

As shown in Figure 8, a water blocking strip 9 corresponding to the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 is installed on the top of the storage base 1. The water blocking strip 9 can play a water blocking role at the bottom of the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 to prevent the nutrient solution from overflowing. .

As shown in Figures 10 and 11, a stirring mechanism 5 is also installed on the storage base 1; the stirring mechanism 5 includes a stirring motor 501 installed and fixed on the top of the storage box 101. A waterproof cover 502 is installed outside the stirring motor 501 to store materials. A silicone pad 503 is also installed between the box 101 and the waterproof cover 502. The output end of the stirring motor 501 is fixedly connected to a stirring shaft 504. The center of the inner surface of the bottom of the storage box 101 is installed with a rotating support base 505 for positioning the bottom end of the stirring shaft 504. , a fixed sleeve 506 is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of the stirring shaft 504. A plurality of evenly distributed stirring rods 507 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 506. The other ends of the plurality of stirring rods 507 are fixedly connected with vertical rods 508. When the stirring motor After 501 is started, the output shaft of the stirring motor 501 can drive the stirring shaft 504 to rotate synchronously, and then the stirring shaft 504 can drive a plurality of stirring rods 507 and a plurality of vertical rods 508 to rotate synchronously, so that the water in the storage tank 101 can be mixed. Stir evenly with the nutrient solution reagent to prepare a nutrient solution.

As shown in Figures 12 to 3, a support mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the top center of the storage base 1. The support mechanism 6 includes a fixing frame 601 fixed on the top of the storage box 101. A mounting base 602 is fixedly connected to the top center of the fixing frame 601. A support column 603 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base 602. The support mechanism 6 mainly plays a supporting role. The fixed frame 601 and the support column 603 can provide stable support to the ventilation mechanism 7.

As shown in Figure 8, a ventilation mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the support mechanism 6; the ventilation mechanism 7 includes a ventilation top cover 701 fixed on the top of the support column 603. The top of the ventilation top cover 701 is fixedly connected with a connecting seat 702. The top of the ventilation top cover 701 A ventilation fan 703 is installed on one side, and a plurality of evenly distributed ventilation holes 704 are opened on the top circumference of the ventilation top cover 701. By installing the ventilation top cover 701 on the top of the support column 603, the ventilation top cover 701 can cooperate with the storage base 1 and The three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 forms a relatively closed space to reduce the natural evaporation loss of water in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3; in addition, the ventilation fan 703 can be started several times a day, and the ventilation fan 703 can blow enough air into the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3. The air is ventilated so that the plant roots in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 can absorb sufficient oxygen to prevent hypoxia in the plant roots.

As shown in Figures 1 to 14, a nutrient solution spraying mechanism 8 is installed between the support mechanism 6 and the storage base 1. The nutrient solution spraying mechanism 8 sprays the nutrient solution in the storage base 1 onto the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 , the nutrient solution spraying mechanism 8 includes a water pump 801 installed on the top side of the fixed frame 601. The water inlet of the water pump 801 is fixedly connected to a water pipe 802. The bottom end of the water pipe 802 penetrates the storage box 101 and extends to the bottom thereof. , the water outlet of the water pump 801 is fixedly connected with an outlet pipe 803, and a sprinkler head 804 is installed on the top of the outer wall of the support column 603. When fertilization is required, the water pump 801 can be started, and the water pump 801 draws the material storage box 101 through the water pipe 802. The nutrient solution is configured and sent to the sprinkler head 804 through the water outlet pipe 803.

As shown in Figure 12, the sprinkler head 804 includes a sprinkler head body 8041. A plurality of evenly distributed mounting holes 8042 are provided on the top of the outer wall of the sprinkler head body 8041. A cavity 8043 is provided in the sprinkler head body 8041. An annular thin ring is provided in the center of the outer wall of the sprinkler head body 8041. The nozzle hole 8044 is provided with a connector 8045 on one side of the bottom of the nozzle body 8041. The top of the outlet pipe 803 is connected to the connector 8045. When the nutrient solution enters the cavity 8043 of the nozzle body 8041, the nutrient solution in the cavity 8043 It will be evenly sprayed around through the annular fine nozzle holes 8044, and then the nutrient solution will be sprayed on the water storage and moisturizing layer 4. The nutrient solution on the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 will slowly penetrate from top to bottom, so that the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 will Absorb the nutrient solution evenly.

As shown in Figure 1, an intelligent display 10 is installed on one side of the front end of the storage base 1; the intelligent display 10 can monitor the air humidity and temperature around the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 in real time.

As shown in Figure 15, a plurality of sponge blocks 11 for cultivation are placed on the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3. The sponge blocks 11 are placed in the corresponding cultivation seats 303 when used, which is convenient for operation and placement, and can provide stable stability for the vegetables grown. Support, and also facilitate picking of vegetables after they are ripe.

The fertilization method of the soilless culture nutrient fertilization device includes the following specific steps:

Step 1: Add a certain proportion of water and nutrient solution reagent into the storage box 101 through the first water injection port 106 and the second water injection port 107 respectively;

Step 2: Start the stirring motor 501, and the output shaft of the stirring motor 501 drives the stirring shaft 504, the plurality of stirring rods 507 and the plurality of vertical rods 508 to rotate synchronously, and then the water and the nutrient solution reagent are evenly stirred to prepare the nutrient solution. liquid;

Step 3: The cultivated plant seedlings are cultivated in the sponge block 11, and the sponge block 11 is placed on the corresponding cultivation seat 303. The roots of the seedlings will pass through the round holes 304 and come into contact with the water storage and moisturizing layer 4 during the growth process;

Step 4: When fertilization is required, start the water pump 801. The water pump 801 draws the nutrient solution configured in the storage box 101 through the water pipe 802, and sends the nutrient solution into the cavity 8043 of the sprinkler head 804 through the outlet pipe 803. , the nutrient solution entering the cavity 8043 will be evenly sprayed around through the annular fine nozzle hole 8044, and then the nutrient solution will be sprayed on the water storage and moisturizing layer 4;

Step 5: Since the water-storage and moisturizing layer 4 itself has good water absorption and water-locking properties, the water-storage and moisturizing layer 4 will be filled with nutrient solution. At this time, the roots of the seedlings in close contact with the water-storage and moisturizing layer 4 will absorb the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution in the water retaining layer 4 is used to achieve the purpose of fertilization. The nutrient solution spraying mechanism 8 is started regularly according to the actual situation to keep the water retaining layer 4 in a moist state to ensure the nutrient supply of the plant seedlings;

Step 6: Start the ventilation fan 703 regularly several times a day. The ventilation fan 703 blows sufficient air into the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 for ventilation, so that the plant roots in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism 3 can absorb sufficient oxygen.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device, including a storage base (1), characterized in that: a support rotating shaft (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the storage base (1), and the supporting rotating shaft (2) A three-dimensional cultivation mechanism (3) is rotatably connected to the outer wall. A detachable water storage and moisturizing layer (4) is installed on the inside of the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism (3). A three-dimensional cultivation mechanism (3) is installed on the top of the storage base (1). ) Corresponding water retaining strip (9); The storage base (1) is also equipped with a stirring mechanism (5); A support mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the top center of the storage base (1), and a ventilation mechanism (7) is fixedly installed on the top of the support mechanism (6); A nutrient solution spraying mechanism (8) is installed between the support mechanism (6) and the storage base (1). The nutrient solution spraying mechanism (8) sprays the nutrient solution in the storage base (1) to the water storage and moisturizing On the layer (4), an intelligent display (10) is installed on one side of the front end of the storage base (1); A plurality of sponge blocks (11) for cultivation are placed on the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism (3). 2. The nutrient fertilization device for soilless cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage base (1) includes a storage box (101), and multiple storage boxes (101) are installed around the bottom of the storage box (101). An adjustable support seat (102), a plurality of evenly distributed through holes (103) are provided on the top of the storage box (101), and an observation window (104) is provided at the center of the front end of the storage box (101). A scale line (105) is provided on one side of the observation window (104), and a first water injection port (106) and a second water injection port (107) are respectively provided at the top and front ends of the storage box (101). A drainage outlet (108) is provided at the bottom of the rear end of the storage box (101). 3. The soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism (3) includes a first cultivation frame (301) and a second cultivation frame that are rotatably connected to the supporting shaft (2). Frame (302), the first cultivation frame (301) and the second cultivation frame (302) both have a semi-cylindrical shell structure, and the outer sides of the first cultivation frame (301) and the second cultivation frame (302) are A plurality of integrated cultivation seats (303) are provided, and the bottoms of the plurality of cultivation seats (303) are provided with through-holes (304). The first cultivation rack (301) and the second cultivation rack (302) ) are fixedly connected to a plurality of evenly distributed steel wire limit frames (305) on the inside, and a plurality of fixed clamps (306) are installed on the outside of one end of the second cultivation frame (302) away from the supporting shaft (2). A plurality of fixed locks (307) matching the fixed clamps (306) are installed on the outside of the end of the first cultivation frame (301) away from the supporting rotating shaft (2). 4. The soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that the sponge block (11) is placed in the corresponding cultivation seat (303) during use. 5. The nutrient fertilization device for soilless cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-storing and moisturizing layer (4) is made of sponge pad, cotton pad or non-woven fabric, and the water-storing and moisturizing layer (4) Installed between multiple steel wire limit frames (305). 6. The soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that the stirring mechanism (5) includes a stirring motor (501) installed and fixed on the top of the storage box (101), and the stirring motor (501) A waterproof cover (502) is installed on the outside of the 501), a silicone pad (503) is also installed between the storage box (101) and the waterproof cover (502), and the output end of the stirring motor (501) is fixedly connected with a stirring shaft (504), the center of the inner surface of the bottom of the storage box (101) is equipped with a rotating support base (505) for positioning the bottom end of the mixing shaft (504), and the center of the outer wall of the mixing shaft (504) is fixedly installed with a fixing sleeve (506), a plurality of evenly distributed stirring rods (507) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed sleeve (506), and vertical rods (508) are fixedly connected to the other ends of the plurality of stirring rods (507). 7. The soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that the support mechanism (6) includes a fixed frame (601) fixed on the top of the storage box (101), and the fixed frame (601 ) A mounting base (602) is fixedly connected to the center of the top, and a support column (603) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base (602). 8. The soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that the ventilation mechanism (7) includes a ventilation top cover (701) fixed on the top of the support column (603), and the ventilation top cover (701) A connecting seat (702) is fixedly connected to the top of the ventilation top cover (701). A ventilation fan (703) is installed on one side of the top of the ventilation top cover (701). There are multiple evenly distributed ventilation holes on the top circumference of the ventilation top cover (701). hole (704). 9. The soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that the nutrient solution spraying mechanism (8) includes a water pump (801) installed on one side of the top of the fixed frame (601), and the water pump (801) is installed on the top side of the fixed frame (601). The water inlet of the water pump (801) is fixedly connected to a water pump (802). The bottom end of the water pump (802) passes through the storage box (101) and extends to its bottom. The water outlet of the water pump (801) A water outlet pipe (803) is fixedly connected, and a sprinkler head (804) is installed on the top of the outer wall of the support column (603); The sprinkler head (804) includes a sprinkler head body (8041). The top of the outer wall of the sprinkler head body (8041) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed mounting holes (8042). The sprinkler head body (8041) is provided with a cavity (8042). 8043), an annular fine nozzle hole (8044) is provided in the center of the outer wall of the nozzle body (8041), a connector (8045) is provided on one side of the bottom of the nozzle body (8041), and the top of the water outlet pipe (803) Connect with connector (8045). 10. The fertilization method of the soilless cultivation nutrient fertilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it includes the following specific steps: Step 1: Add a certain proportion of water and nutrient solution reagent into the storage box (101) through the first water injection port (106) and the second water injection port (107) respectively; Step 2: Start the stirring motor (501), and the output shaft of the stirring motor (501) drives the stirring shaft (504), multiple stirring rods (507) and multiple vertical rods (508) to rotate synchronously, and then mix the water and nutrient solution Stir the reagents evenly to prepare a nutrient solution; Step 3: The cultivated plant seedlings are cultivated in the sponge block (11), and the sponge block (11) is placed on the corresponding cultivation base (303). The roots of the seedlings will pass through the round holes (304) and interact with each other during the growth process. The water storage and moisturizing layers (4) are in contact with each other; Step 4: When fertilization is required, start the water pump (801), and the water pump (801) draws the nutrient solution configured in the storage box (101) through the water pipe (802), and passes the nutrient solution through the outlet pipe (803) It is sent into the cavity (8043) of the sprinkler head (804), and the nutrient solution entering the cavity (8043) will be evenly sprayed around through the annular fine spray holes (8044), and then the nutrient solution will be sprayed on the water storage and moisturizing layer ( 4) on; Step 5: Since the water-storing and moisturizing layer (4) itself has good water absorption and water-locking properties, the water-storing and moisturizing layer (4) will be filled with nutrient solution and is in close contact with the water-storing and moisturizing layer (4). The roots of the seedlings will absorb the nutrient solution in the water-storage and moisturizing layer (4) to achieve the purpose of fertilization. The nutrient solution spraying mechanism (8) is started regularly according to the actual situation to keep the water-storage and moisturizing layer (4) in a moist state to ensure Nutrient supply for plant seedlings; Step 6: Start the ventilation fan (703) regularly several times a day. The ventilation fan (703) blows sufficient air into the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism (3) for ventilation, so that the plant roots in the three-dimensional cultivation mechanism (3) can absorb Adequate oxygen.