CN117420713A - Electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass and electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating window system - Google Patents

Electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass and electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating window system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117420713A
CN117420713A CN202311726847.3A CN202311726847A CN117420713A CN 117420713 A CN117420713 A CN 117420713A CN 202311726847 A CN202311726847 A CN 202311726847A CN 117420713 A CN117420713 A CN 117420713A
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layer
glass
film
electrochromic
sound
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CN117420713B (en
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刘江
王群华
吉顺青
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Jiangsu Prosperous Yingcai Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Prosperous Yingcai Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6707—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased acoustical insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/20—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise
    • E06B5/205—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise windows therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/14—Mode converters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G02F2001/1536—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for additional, e.g. protective, layer inside the cell

Abstract

The application discloses electrochromic energy-conserving sound-insulating glass that adjusts luminance, it includes first glass layer, second glass layer and the functional layer structure between first glass layer, the second glass layer, the functional layer structure by electrochromic dimming film with resonance metamaterial film on the electrochromic dimming film, wherein, resonance metamaterial film comprises netted conductive metal layer, tie layer and zinc oxide base columnar layer. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the reticular conductive metal layer is introduced on the transparent oxide film of the second transparent conductive film conductive layer, so that better conductive performance can be provided for the second transparent conductive film conductive layer, and the reticular conductive metal layer can be used as a resonance electric field modulation film of a piezoelectric material. The application also discloses an electrochromic dimming energy-saving soundproof window system using the soundproof glass.

Description

Electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass and electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating window system
Technical Field
The present application relates to light transmissive materials, and in particular to sound dampening light transmissive materials and sound dampening systems formed therefrom.
Background
The glass window is widely applied to building curtain walls, doors and windows, traffic windows, aircraft suspended windows, ship windows and the like, and has the defects of noise pollution, glare, poor energy-saving performance, uncontrollable light transmittance and the like.
In addition, the glass window in the prior art has two difficult problems of sound conduction and effective energy regulation, the traditional sound insulation realizes noise reduction by reducing sound wave transmission, but the active noise reduction is a problem which needs to be solved in the prior building doors and windows.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the present application include improvements in one or more of noise pollution and conduction, controllable dimming, energy saving comfort, etc. of glass. It is an object of the present application to provide sound-insulating glass with improved comfort and/or technological and/or smart dimming and/or noise-reducing and energy-saving properties.
For this reason, some embodiments of the present application provide an electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass, which includes a first glass layer, a second glass layer, and a functional layer structure between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, and sealing structures are further disposed around the first glass layer and the second glass layer; the functional layer structure comprises a first hollow cavity and a resonance metamaterial film on the electrochromic dimming film, wherein the resonance metamaterial film is composed of a netlike conductive metal layer, a connecting layer and a zinc oxide-based columnar layer which are arranged in a laminated mode.
In some embodiments, the material of the connection layer is ZnSn, znSnO, inGaZnO or gasnzo.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the connection layer is 300 to 3000nm.
In some embodiments, the zinc oxide-based columnar layer material is selected from one or more of ZnO, znSn, znAl, znSnO or ZnAlO.
In some embodiments, the zinc oxide-based columnar layer has a film thickness of 1um to 500um.
In some embodiments, the zinc oxide-based columnar layer comprises a plurality of zinc oxide-based columnar layers, each zinc oxide-based columnar layer for a wave of one frequency band.
In some embodiments, the zinc oxide pillars in the multi-layer zinc oxide-based pillar layer have different heights, the zinc oxide pillars of different heights being arranged regularly in rows or the zinc oxide pillars of different heights being arranged irregularly in a staggered manner.
In some embodiments, the reticulated conductive metal layer provides an electric field to the zinc oxide-based columnar layer.
In some embodiments, a silicon-based void layer is also included between the zinc oxide-based columnar layer and the second glass layer.
In some embodiments, the void cavity defined by the silicon-based void layer and the second glass layer is filled with an inert gas.
In some embodiments, the electrochromic dimming film includes a first transparent conductive film conductive layer, a first electrochromic layer, an ion conductive layer, a second electrochromic layer, and a second transparent conductive film conductive layer disposed in sequence.
Further embodiments of the present application provide an electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating window system, which includes a first glass, a second glass, and a third glass, where the first glass, the second glass, and the third glass are electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glasses of any one of the above; the first glass and the second glass are sealed by a first sealing body to form a first hollow cavity, and the second glass and the third glass are sealed by a second sealing body to form a second hollow cavity.
Further embodiments of the present application provide an electrochromic dimming energy-saving acoustic window system comprising a first glass, a second glass, a third glass, a first functional layer structure attached to the second glass between the first glass and the second glass; the first glass and the second glass are sealed by a first sealing body to form a first hollow cavity, and the second glass and the third glass are sealed by a second sealing body to form a second hollow cavity; the first functional layer structure comprises an electrochromic dimming film and a resonance metamaterial film thereon, wherein the resonance metamaterial film is composed of a netlike conductive metal layer, a connecting layer and a zinc oxide-based columnar layer which are sequentially laminated from bottom to top.
In some embodiments of the soundproof window system, argon is filled in the first hollow cavity and the second hollow cavity.
A sound-insulating film of a multilayer micro-perforated structure is attached to the first glass surface and/or the second glass surface of the sound-insulating window system in the first hollow cavity, and the sound-insulating film of the multilayer micro-perforated structure is made of SGP and/or PVB and/or EVA.
The sound-insulating film of the multilayer microperforated structure comprises a microperforated structure that is a cellular board-type micropore.
Four secondary sound sources are disposed at four corners in the first hollow cavity of the soundproof window system, and four secondary sound sources are also disposed at four corners in the second hollow cavity.
In some embodiments, the transparent conductive film conductive layers are all transparent oxide thin films TCO.
In some embodiments of the present application, a connection layer may be disposed between the mesh-shaped conductive metal layer and the zinc oxide-based columnar layer, so that nanovoids may be effectively provided. The connecting layer can also be used as the basis of zinc oxide-based columnar growth to realize the horizontal conduction and low-frequency absorption of sound waves. The material of the connection layer may be ZnSn, znSnO, inGaZnO or gasnzo.
The beneficial effects of this application lie in: according to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the reticular conductive metal layer is introduced on the transparent oxide film of the second transparent conductive film conductive layer, so that better conductive performance can be provided for the second transparent conductive film Conductive Layer (CL), and the reticular conductive metal layer can be used as a resonance electric field modulation film of a piezoelectric material. Therefore, the photoelectric multi-layer waveguide mode conversion is realized, and the acoustic wave coupling and the resonance vibration are realized.
In some embodiments of the present application, zinc oxide based columnar layers are introduced as a good Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensor film material as a piezoelectric transducer for acoustic wave frequencies (low frequency, high frequency).
In some embodiments of the present application, by combining the zinc oxide-based columnar layer and the silicon-based void layer to form a vibrating membrane structured micro sound-insulating thin film device, resonant thin film cavity acoustic crystal noise reduction can be achieved at maximum amplitude frequencies.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a zinc oxide-based columnar layer in an electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of an electrochromic light modulating energy saving acoustical glazing system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of an electrochromic light modulating energy saving acoustical glazing system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings.
Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative and are for purposes of describing example embodiments of the present application. This application may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.
It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures unless otherwise specified. For example, two figures shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the figures may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
Example 1:
the structure of the electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to one embodiment of the application is shown in fig. 1, and the structure comprises a first glass layer 110, a second glass layer 120 and a functional layer structure 200, wherein a sealing structure 300 can be further arranged around the first glass layer 110 and the second glass layer 120. Wherein the functional layer structure 200 is composed of a first transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 1) 210, a first electrochromic layer (EC 1) 220, an ion conductive layer (IC) 230, a second electrochromic layer (EC 2) 240, a second transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 2) 250, a mesh-shaped conductive metal layer 260, a ZnSnO connection layer 270, and a zinc oxide-based columnar layer 280, which are sequentially disposed.
The metal layer is configured into a net shape, so that the permeability of the metal layer can be ensured, and the light and electromagnetic wave transmittance is improved. The conductivity of the electrode can also be enhanced by incorporating a reticulated conductive metal layer 260 into the insulating glass, which in turn can provide a source of acoustic energy for the zinc oxide-based columnar layer. A zinc oxide-based columnar layer is introduced as a good sensor film material for Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) as a piezoelectric transducer for acoustic wave frequencies (low frequency, high frequency).
The first electrochromic layer 220 and the second electrochromic layer 240 have an ion complementary relationship, so that linkage color change can be realized, further the effects of light modulation and thermal control are realized, infrared heat can be well blocked, and low-carbon energy conservation is realized. The high conductivity of the netlike conductive metal layer realizes the quick color change and infrared reflection low radiation complementation, in addition, an electric field can be formed, and the metamaterial sound insulation function is realized through the electric field and the piezoelectric material of the zinc oxide-based columnar layer, so that the bidirectional effective regulation and control of the optical waveguide and the acoustic waveguide are realized.
The ZnSnO layer is added as a connecting layer of the metal layer and the zinc oxide-based columnar layer, so that nano gaps can be effectively provided, and the ZnSnO layer can also be used as a basis for the growth of ZnO-based columns in the zinc oxide-based columnar layer, thereby realizing the horizontal conduction and low-frequency absorption of sound waves.
Example 2:
the structure of the electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to one embodiment of the application is shown in fig. 2, and the structure comprises a first glass layer 110, a second glass layer 120 and a functional layer structure 200, wherein a sealing structure 300 can be further arranged around the first glass layer 110 and the second glass layer 120. Wherein the functional layer structure 200 is composed of a first transparent conductive film Conductive Layer (CL) 210, a first electrochromic layer (EC 1) 220, an ion conductive layer (IC) 230, a second electrochromic layer (EC 2) 240, a transparent conductive film Conductive Layer (CL) 250, a mesh-shaped conductive metal layer 260, a ZnSnO connection layer 270, a zinc oxide-based columnar layer 280, and a silicon-based void layer 281, which are sequentially disposed.
Except for having all the functional and structural features in embodiment 1. The combination of the silicon-based gap layer added in the embodiment and the zinc oxide-based columnar layer serving as the piezoelectric transducer of sound wave frequency (low frequency and high frequency) can form a micro sound insulation film device with a vibrating film structure, and the noise reduction of the resonant film cavity sound crystal can be realized under the maximum amplitude frequency.
The piezoelectric unit formed by the traditional electrochromic film structure, the reticular conductive metal layer and the piezoelectric material is perfectly combined, so that the permeability and the aesthetic property of building doors and windows and traffic doors and windows are ensured; the dimming is adjustable, the heat is adjustable, the active noise is reduced, and finally the dimming range can be realized: the adjusting range of 0.5% -70%, the ultraviolet can be 100% isolated, the solar energy full spectrum heat regulating capacity reaches more than 85%, the active noise reduction of sound waves is not less than 18dB, and the low-frequency sound wave sound insulation capacity is good.
The common piezoelectric material realizes sound wave noise reduction through the semiconductor conductivity of ZnO, and can reduce the resistivity, improve the conductivity and reduce the voltage loss through the netlike conductive metal layer. The conductivity of the electrode can be greatly increased by introducing the netlike conductive metal layer, and the acoustic wave uniformity of the piezoelectric material is improved.
The zinc oxide-based columnar layer may have different levels and/or high and low fluctuation, as shown in fig. 3, and three or more different levels may be formed, for example, the first zinc oxide-based columnar layer 2081 is for an infrasonic wave of 0.0001-20 Hz; the second zinc oxide-based columnar layer 2082 is for sound waves of 20-16000Hz, and the third zinc oxide-based columnar layer 2083 is for sound waves of frequencies above 16000 Hz. Therefore, the heights of the zinc oxide base columns in the first zinc oxide base column layer 2081, the second zinc oxide base column layer 2082 and the third zinc oxide base column layer 2083 are different, and the absorption of sound wave oscillation can be effectively improved by forming the zinc oxide base column layers with different layers and high and low fluctuation, and the capacity of absorbing sound waves with multiple frequencies is achieved. The undulations may be embodied in one unidirectional direction or in both directions, as shown in fig. 3.
In addition, although the first zinc oxide-based columnar layer 2081, the second zinc oxide-based columnar layer 2082, and the third zinc oxide-based columnar layer 2083 are shown in a row and are arranged regularly, it should be understood that the zinc oxide-based columns in the three zinc oxide-based columnar layers may be arranged irregularly, for example, they may be staggered.
The silicon-based void layer 281 may be deposited on the surface of the zinc oxide-based columnar layer. The generally wavy layer is formed so as to define a void cavity 290 in conjunction with the second glass layer 120, and an inert gas, such as argon, may be filled in the void cavity 290 to enhance the sound insulation effect.
The components of each device layer are as follows:
the first transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 1 layer) 210 and the second transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 2) 250 may be made of one or more materials selected from Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), zinc aluminum oxide (AZO), zinc boron oxide (BZO), zinc gallium oxide (GZO), zinc indium gallium oxide (IGZO), and fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO).
The first electrochromic layer (EC 1 layer) 220 may be one or more materials selected from tungsten oxide (WOx), molybdenum oxide (MoOx), niobium oxide (NbOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), tantalum oxide (TaOx).
Ion conducting layer (IC layer) 230 may be one or more of the following materials or mixtures thereof: lithium silicon oxide (LiSizOx), lithium tantalum oxide (LiTazOxNy), lithium niobium oxide (LiNbzOx), lithium cobalt oxide (LiCozOx), lithium aluminum oxide (LiAlzOx), lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPzOx), and lithium boron oxide (LiBzOx).
The second electrochromic layer (EC 2 layer) 240 may be one or more materials selected from nickel oxide (NiOx), iridium oxide (IrOx), manganese oxide (MnOx), cobalt oxide (CoOx), tungsten nickel oxide (WNizOx), tungsten iridium oxide (WIrzOx), tungsten manganese oxide (WMnzOx), tungsten cobalt oxide (WCozOx).
The mesh-type conductive metal layer 260 may be made of a mesh-type metal conductive layer material, which may be one or more selected from silver (Ag), aluminum (Al).
The material of the connection layer 270 is zinc tin oxide ZnSnO or ZnSn, inGaZnO or gasnnzno. The use of ZnSnO as the connecting layer is particularly advantageous, the ZnSnO layer being the connecting layer of the metal layer and the zinc oxide-based columnar layer, preferably a micro-nano columnar body; can effectively provide nano gaps, can also be used as the basis for the growth of a zinc oxide-based columnar layer, and realizes the horizontal conduction and low-frequency absorption of sound waves. In addition, znSnO is an antioxidation layer and has good thermal stability; has a high-density microporous structure at the nano-scale.
The zinc oxide-based pillar layer 280 may be made of one or more materials selected from zinc aluminum oxide (AZO), zinc boron oxide (BZO), zinc gallium oxide (GZO), zinc indium gallium oxide (IGZO).
Silicon-based void layer 281 composition: one or more of polysilicon (Si), silicon oxide (e.g., siO 2), silicon nitride (SiN).
The mesh metal conductive layer 260 is a material innovation film layer: the mesh-shaped metal conductive film layer and the metal conductive film can realize the high conductivity of the conductive electrode and provide an electric field for the piezoelectric material to realize the sound insulation effect.
The first transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 1 layer) 210 and the second transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 2) 250 are respectively introduced into the first electrochromic layer 220 and the second electrochromic layer 260 which are in nano-network shape, so that the channel density in the electrochromic layer can be controlled, and the electron and ion conductivity of the electrochromic layer can be optimized, so that the stable and rapid conduction and color change uniformity of the acoustic wave piezoelectric material can be realized.
The manufacturing process of the electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass comprises the following steps:
step S1, a first transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 1 layer) 210, i.e., a first transparent electrode forming step, includes forming a thin film of one or more materials selected from Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), zinc aluminum oxide (AZO), zinc boron oxide (BZO), zinc gallium oxide (GZO), zinc indium gallium oxide (IGZO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), and the film thickness is 100nm to 2000nm.
Step S2, a first electrochromic layer 220 forming step: the first electrochromic layer 220, i.e., the underlying electrochromic layer, may be deposited on the first transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 1 layer) 210 by vacuum plating, evaporation plating, or the like, and the first electrochromic layer 220 has a film thickness of 150 to 1200nm. The material is one or more selected from tungsten oxide (WOx), molybdenum oxide (MoOx), niobium oxide (NbOx), titanium oxide (TiOx) and tantalum oxide (TaOx).
Step S3, an ion conductive layer (IC) 230 forming step: comprising depositing an ion conducting layer 230 on the first electrochromic layer with a film thickness of 3 to 500nm. The material of the ion conducting layer is selected from the following materials or mixtures thereof: lithium silicon oxide (LiSizOx), lithium tantalum oxide (LiTazOx), lithium niobium oxide (LiNbzOx), lithium cobalt oxide (LiCozOx), lithium aluminum oxide (LiAlzOx), lithium phosphorus oxide (LiPzOx), and lithium boron oxide (LiBzOx).
Step S5, a second electrochromic layer (EC 2) 240 forming step: a second electrochromic layer 240 is deposited on the ion conducting layer with a film thickness of 150 to 1200nm. The material of the second electrochromic layer is selected from nickel oxide (NiOx), iridium oxide (IrOx), manganese oxide (MnOx), cobalt oxide (CoOx), tungsten nickel oxide (WNizOx), tungsten iridium oxide (WIrzOx), tungsten manganese oxide (WMnzOx), tungsten cobalt oxide (WCozOx).
Step S6, a mesh-shaped conductive metal layer 260 forming step: the mesh-shaped conductive metal layer 260 is a nano mesh-shaped conductive metal layer, and is deposited on the second transparent conductive film conductive layer (CL 2 layer) 250 by vacuum coating, evaporation coating, etc., and has a film thickness of 5 to 1000nm. The material is one or more of silver (Ag) and aluminum (Al); then forming a nano-network structure layer by laser etching, acid-base etching, mask plate, plasma etching, microsphere micro-nano processing and other methods, and forming network structures of the network conductive metal layers 260 with different coverage rates by patterns, holes or lines.
Step S7, a connection layer 270 forming step: the material of the ZnSnO connecting layer is selected from one or more of zinc tin oxide (ZnSnO), zinc tin ZnSn, inGaZnO or GaSnZnO; the connection layer 270 is formed to have a film thickness of 300 to 3000nm by depositing on the mesh-shaped conductive metal layer 250 by vacuum plating, evaporation plating, or the like, for example, znSnO.
Step S8, a zinc oxide-based columnar layer 280 forming step: the material of the zinc oxide-based columnar layer is selected from one or more of zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc tin ZnSn, zinc aluminum ZnAl, zinc tin oxide ZnSO or zinc aluminum oxide ZnAlO; the zinc oxide-based columnar layer 280 is deposited on the ZnSnOi connection layer 270 by vacuum coating, evaporation coating, spin coating, lift-off coating, or the like, with a film thickness of 1um to 500um.
In some embodiments, further comprising step S9, a silicon-based void layer 281 forming step: the material of the silicon-based gap layer is one or more selected from polysilicon (Si), silicon oxide (sio) and silicon nitride (siN); the material is deposited on the zinc oxide-based columnar layer by vacuum coating, evaporation coating, lifting coating and other methods, and the film thickness of the silicon-based gap layer 281 is 10nm to 1000nm.
The void cavity 290 may be filled with an inert gas including argon prior to sealing or after sealing.
Traditional sound insulation refers to the ability of an object or acoustic device to block sound transmission, and is generally described by the inverse of the ratio of transmitted acoustic energy to incident acoustic energy (i.e., the transmission coefficient tI); in real life, the sound insulation amount expressed in decibels is called sound insulation amount or sound transmission loss, and is expressed by a symbol TL, and is defined by formula 1:equation 1;
the effect of the resonant metamaterial film thickness on the sound insulation effect is shown in formula 2:
equation 2
Wherein Kmem is the effective elastic modulus; ra is the characteristic impedance of air; r is acoustic damping; s is the area of the film; r is the radius of the film; w is the angular frequency of the sound wave.
When the vibration frequency is low, the sound insulation amount of the film is irrelevant to the quality and is relevant to the rigidity only; i.e. the low frequency channel of the film.
Formula 3, wherein T is the sound pressure transmission coefficient, E is the Young's modulus of the film, and T is the thickness of the film.
According to experimental measurement and calculation performed by the applicant, the sound insulation amount of the film is increased by 18dB along with multiplication of the thickness t of the resonant metamaterial film, and is reduced by 6dB along with multiplication of the frequency; when the thickness t of the resonant metamaterial film is 0.3-0.8 mm, namely the increment of sound insulation quantity with the multiplication thickness of 18dB at low frequency is realized.
The influence of the specific surface of the resonance metamaterial film on the sound insulation effect is shown in a formula 4:
equation 4, wherein S is the specific surface area; u is the poisson's ratio of the film.
Some embodiments of the present application provide an electrochromic dimming energy-saving acoustical window system 800 that is comprised of acoustical glass, which may be the acoustical glass of embodiments 1-3, or a similarly modified glass.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 4, embodiment 3 of the present application provides an electrochromic dimming energy-saving soundproof window system 800, which includes a first glass 810, a second glass 820, and a third glass 830, wherein the first glass 810, the second glass 820, and the third glass 830 are soundproof glasses in embodiment 1 or 2. The first glass 810 and the second glass 820 are sealed by a first sealing body 900A to form a first hollow cavity, and the second glass 820 and the third glass 830 are sealed by a second sealing body 900B to form a second hollow cavity.
Preferably, argon is filled in the first hollow cavity and the second hollow cavity.
Preferably, a sound insulation film 830C of a multilayer micro-perforated structure may be attached to the surface of the first glass 810 and/or the surface of the second glass 820 in the first hollow cavity, and the sound insulation film 830C of the multilayer micro-perforated structure may be SGP/PVB/EVA. The sound-insulating film 830C of the multilayer microperforated structure can be obtained by making the sound-insulating film form various round holes, diamond shapes, square-shaped etc. micro holes similar to the honeycomb panel type by a knife die.
Preferably, four secondary sound sources 840A are disposed at four corners in the first hollow chamber, and four secondary sound sources 840B are also disposed at four corners in the second hollow chamber.
According to the embodiment of the application, one of the methods of active noise reduction and energy regulation is perfectly solved through the glass micro-nano structural design, the hollow argon (Ar) gas structure is adopted, the secondary sound source is introduced, and the comprehensive schemes such as sound insulation films with the multilayer micro-perforation structure are adopted, so that the lighting and permeability of building doors and windows can be reserved, the problems of energy regulation and acoustic wave active noise reduction are solved, and the method has great market prospects and application values.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 5, embodiment 4 of the present application provides an electrochromic dimming energy-saving soundproof window system 800, which includes a first glass 810, a second glass 820, a third glass 830, and a first functional structure 830 attached on the second glass 820 between the first glass 810 and the second glass 820. The first sealing body 900A seals the first hollow cavity formed, and the second sealing body 900B seals the second hollow cavity formed between the second glass 820 and the third glass 830. The first functional layer structure 830 includes an electrochromic dimming film 830A and a resonant metamaterial film 830B.
Preferably, argon is filled in the first hollow cavity and the second hollow cavity.
Preferably, the first functional layer structure 830 further includes a sound insulation film 830C of a multi-layer micro-perforated structure, and the sound insulation film 830C of the multi-layer micro-perforated structure may be SGP/PVB/EVA. The sound-insulating film 830C of the multilayer microperforated structure can be obtained by making the sound-insulating film form various round holes, diamond shapes, square-shaped etc. micro holes similar to the honeycomb panel type by a knife die.
Since fig. 5 is a partial schematic view, the first functional layer structure 830 is shown to cover only a portion of the surface of the second glass 820, and in actual cases, it may be attached to the entire surface or a portion of the surface of the second glass 820 as desired.
Preferably, four secondary sound sources 840A are arranged at four corners in the first hollow cavity and four secondary sound sources 840B are also arranged at four corners in the second hollow cavity.
According to the embodiment of the application, one of the methods of active noise reduction and energy regulation is perfectly solved through the glass micro-nano structural design, the hollow argon (Ar) gas structure is adopted, the secondary sound source is introduced, and the comprehensive schemes such as sound insulation films with the multilayer micro-perforation structure are adopted, so that the lighting and permeability of building doors and windows can be reserved, the problems of energy regulation and acoustic wave active noise reduction are solved, and the method has great market prospects and application values.
The following optimizations are performed to promote sound insulation:
firstly, when the specific surface area S is subjected to multiplication change (4 pi-32 pi), the sound insulation amount increment of 12dB at low frequency can be realized.
Second, by filling argon gas into the first hollow cavity formed by the first glass 810 and the second glass 820 and/or into the second hollow cavity formed by the second glass 820 and the third glass 830, the sound insulation amount of 29-32 dB can be realized.
Thirdly, four secondary sound sources are arranged at four corners in the first hollow cavity, and four secondary sound sources are also arranged at four corners in the second hollow cavity, so that noise of the frequency band 400-1000 Hz is reduced by 10 dB.
Fourth, add interlayer material SGP/PVB/EVA: the adoption of the multilayer micro-perforation structure can effectively absorb high-frequency noise and achieve the noise reduction effect; for example, the interlayer material has a noise reduction of 5.5 dB at 0.76 mm; with a 7dB noise reduction at a thickness of 1.52 mm.
Argon can be filled in the hollow cavity, and/or a resonance metamaterial film and a secondary sound source are introduced; the system for active noise control is formed, noise transmitted into a room by a window is usually close to plane waves, so that the resonant metamaterial film vibration exciter can better match noise reduction of primary noise and low-frequency noise, and in addition, the noise can be well compensated by adding a loudspeaker as a secondary sound source; and because the resonant metamaterial film is transparent, the appearance of the whole system is not affected when the resonant metamaterial film is installed on the surface of a window.
In some embodiments, the addition of the silicon-based void layer can adjust the specific surface of sound wave absorption and form large-area sound absorption black holes, and the absorption capacity and light transmittance of sound waves with different frequencies can be adjusted by adjusting different coverage rates, such as changing different film thicknesses and grain sizes of silicon oxide, changing the pressure and power of a coating film, and the like. In addition, the film layers with different densities form diffuse reflection inside the film layers, and the light enters the film layers and has a certain heat absorption function, so that the diffuse reflection of the increased light rays can enhance the infrared reflection regulation and control capability.
The sound insulation film with the multilayer micro-perforation structure can effectively absorb noise and enhance the noise control capability of the multilayer window; and the permeability of the glass window is not affected.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. An electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass is characterized in that: the glass comprises a first glass layer, a second glass layer and a functional layer structure between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, wherein a sealing structure is arranged around the first glass layer and the second glass layer; the functional layer structure comprises an electrochromic dimming film and a resonance metamaterial film on the electrochromic dimming film, wherein the resonance metamaterial film is composed of a reticular conductive metal layer, a connecting layer and a zinc oxide-based columnar layer which are sequentially laminated from bottom to top.
2. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the connecting layer is ZnSn, znSnO, inGaZnO or GaSnZnO.
3. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the connecting layer is 300nm to 3000nm.
4. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the zinc oxide-based columnar layer is made of one or more of ZnO, znSn, znAl, znSnO or ZnAlO.
5. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the zinc oxide-based columnar layer has a film thickness of 1um to 500um.
6. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the zinc oxide-based columnar layers include a plurality of zinc oxide-based columnar layers, each for a wave of one frequency band.
7. The electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 6, wherein: the zinc oxide base columns in the multi-layer zinc oxide base column layer have different heights, and the zinc oxide base columns with different heights are regularly arranged in rows or the zinc oxide base columns with different heights are irregularly arranged in a staggered manner.
8. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reticular conductive metal layer provides an electric field for the zinc oxide-based columnar layer.
9. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: a silicon-based void layer is also included between the zinc oxide-based columnar layer and the second glass layer.
10. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 9, characterized in that: and filling inert gas into a gap cavity defined by the silicon-based gap layer and the second glass layer.
11. An electrochromic light-modulating energy-saving sound-insulating glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrochromic dimming film comprises a first transparent conductive film conducting layer, a first electrochromic layer, an ion conducting layer, a second electrochromic layer and a second transparent conductive film conducting layer which are sequentially arranged.
12. An electrochromic dimming energy-saving soundproof window system, which is characterized in that: the energy-saving and sound-insulating electrochromic dimming glass comprises a first glass, a second glass and a third glass, wherein the first glass, the second glass and the third glass are electrochromic dimming energy-saving and sound-insulating glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11; the first glass and the second glass are sealed by a first sealing body to form a first hollow cavity, and the second glass and the third glass are sealed by a second sealing body to form a second hollow cavity.
13. An electrochromic dimming energy-saving soundproof window system, which is characterized in that: the structure comprises a first glass, a second glass and a third glass, wherein a first functional layer structure is attached to the second glass between the first glass and the second glass; the first glass and the second glass are sealed by a first sealing body to form a first hollow cavity, and the second glass and the third glass are sealed by a second sealing body to form a second hollow cavity; the first functional layer structure comprises an electrochromic dimming film and a resonance metamaterial film on the electrochromic dimming film, wherein the resonance metamaterial film is composed of a netlike conductive metal layer, a connecting layer and a zinc oxide-based columnar layer which are sequentially laminated from bottom to top.
14. An electrochromic dimming energy-saving acoustic window system as in claim 13, wherein: argon is filled in the first hollow cavity and the second hollow cavity.
15. An electrochromic dimming energy-saving acoustic window system as in claim 13, wherein: and attaching a sound-insulating film with a multilayer micro-perforation structure on the first glass surface and/or the second glass surface in the first hollow cavity, wherein the sound-insulating film with the multilayer micro-perforation structure is made of SGP (serving glass fiber reinforced plastics) and/or PVB (polyvinyl butyral) and/or EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).
16. An electrochromic dimming energy-saving acoustic window system as in claim 15, wherein: the sound-insulating film of the multilayer microperforated structure comprises a microperforated structure that is a cellular board-type micropore.
17. An electrochromic dimming energy-saving acoustic window system as in claim 13, wherein: four secondary sound sources are disposed at four corners within the first hollow cavity.
CN202311726847.3A 2023-12-15 2023-12-15 Electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass and electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating window system Active CN117420713B (en)

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