CN110543669A - Sound insulation simulation calculation method of acoustic metamaterial plate - Google Patents
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Abstract
the invention discloses a sound insulation simulation calculation method of an acoustic metamaterial plate, which comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional model of the acoustic metamaterial plate; selecting an acoustic-solid coupling module in commercial software COMSOL; importing a geometric model into COMSOL and setting units; establishing a cavity and forming a united body with the imported model; setting global parameters; setting a variable and an integral operator; a solving module for adding materials to the corresponding model domain and setting the corresponding domain; setting load and boundary conditions; dividing the model into grids; adding research, and setting a solved frequency range and step length; calculations were performed in commercial software, one-dimensional plots were added, structure sound insulation curves were plotted and data were derived. The method avoids complex theoretical calculation, optimizes the design efficiency, and has important significance for the research of the acoustic metamaterial.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of research of acoustic metamaterial, in particular to a sound insulation simulation calculation method of an acoustic metamaterial plate.
background
the acoustic metamaterial is a hot spot in the field of current mechanical and noise control. The local resonance units are artificially and periodically arranged, so that the local resonance units have extraordinary characteristics, such as negative mass density and negative elastic modulus. These characteristics make it possible to form a peak in sound insulation in the low frequency band, unlike the sound insulation of a homogeneous panel. The acoustic metamaterial plate is formed by adding a soft material and a mass block on a thin plate, is similar to a spring vibrator system, and is insulated through local resonance of each unit.
At present, the research of the acoustic metamaterial plate mainly develops around two aspects of sound insulation and vibration reduction, wherein most of the research on the sound insulation is simulation solving band gaps, and the sound insulation experiment verification is carried out through manufacturing a real object, less direct simulation solving sound insulation amount exists, and the sound insulation test is carried out through carrying out an impedance tube experiment by using a small sample piece with the diameter not exceeding 100mm, the real object manufacturing is difficult in a window experiment of a large sample piece, time and labor are wasted, and the research is not beneficial to developing. Therefore, the method for calculating the sound insulation quantity by adopting the finite element simulation has important practical significance for developing the research of the acoustic metamaterial.
Software for solving the sound insulation of the structure through software simulation generally comprises Abaqus, VAone, LMS virtual. Currently, in the research on the acoustic metamaterial, the simulation software mainly applied is COMSOL, and the calculation result is approved by most of the mainstream journals. The commercial software COMSOL is a multi-physical-field coupling analysis software based on a finite element analysis method and is suitable for solving complex problems of finite element physical fields, and the acoustic metamaterial relates to coupling of acoustics and structural mechanics, so that the simulation solving result of the COMSOL software has higher precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for solving the sound insulation quantity of an acoustic metamaterial plate by utilizing finite element simulation software COMSOL. On the basis, the design of the acoustic metamaterial can be optimized by changing the material or geometric parameters of the acoustic metamaterial.
the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A sound insulation simulation calculation method of an acoustic metamaterial plate comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a geometric model of the acoustic metamaterial plate in three-dimensional UG software, wherein the thin plate and the soft material as well as the soft material and the mass block are bonded by glue, and the Z axis is vertical to the plane of the thin plate;
(2) establishing a solving interface of an acoustic-solid coupling model in commercial software COMSOL;
(3) Importing the geometric model in UG into COMSOL and setting a unit;
(4) establishing a cavity in the software COMSOL and forming a complex with the imported model;
(5) setting global parameters in software COMSOL, wherein the parameters are used for the whole process of defining, solving and setting the whole model and calculating;
(6) Setting variables and integral operators in software COMSOL, wherein the variables are the solved incident sound field, the sound power of the transmission sound field and the sound transmission loss, and the integral operators are the solved surface integral of the incident sound power and the transmission sound power;
(7) adding materials to the corresponding model domain in the software COMSOL and setting a solving module of the corresponding domain;
(8) Setting load and boundary conditions in the software COMSOL;
(9) Dividing grids for the model in software COMSOL, and freely dividing tetrahedral grids for the entity model;
(10) adding research into software COMSOL, and setting a solved frequency range and step length;
(11) And calculating in software COMSOL, adding a one-dimensional drawing, drawing a structure sound insulation quantity curve and deriving data so as to obtain the sound insulation quantity of the acoustic metamaterial plate.
Further, in the step (2), three dimensions are selected in the model guide, and under the physical field interface, the acoustic-solid interaction under the acoustic-structure interaction in the acoustic module is selected, and the frequency domain is selected and researched.
further, in the step (3), the imported UG geometric model is in a part file format, and the unit set in COMSOL is mm.
Further, in the step (4), cavities are drawn on the upper side and the lower side of the imported geometric model, and after all the cavities are constructed, the cavities and the imported model automatically form a united body.
further, in the step (5), the global parameter is a set known quantity, and P0 is 1 Pa.
Further, in the step (6), the three variables are set as incident power, transmission power and acoustic transmission loss, and the two integration operators are set as incident surface and emergent surface, respectively, and the incident acoustic power and the transmission acoustic power can be obtained by performing surface integration:
Incident acoustic power:
Transmission acoustic power:
in the formula: pin and pout are plane wave incident sound pressure and transmitted sound pressure, respectively, and ρ c is the characteristic impedance of air.
further acoustic transmission losses can be obtained:
Further, in the step (7), the added materials should respectively correspond to three parts of the acoustic metamaterial plate, wherein the thin plate is made of a steel plate, the soft material is made of silicon rubber, the mass block is made of a steel block, and in addition, air properties are required to be endowed to the cavity.
further, in the step (8), the end faces of the acoustic cavities on both sides are set as plane wave radiation boundaries, the sound pressure of the plane wave is set to be 1Pa in an incident sound field, and the periphery of the acoustic metamaterial plate is fixed or set as a Floquet periodic boundary condition, which is specifically determined according to a required model.
further, in the step (9), at least 5 quadratic grid cells are required for solving the meshing of the propagation of the acoustic wave in each direction, and the maximum cell size is set to be one fifth of the minimum wavelength.
Further, in the step (10), setting a solution interval specifically sets a frequency solution range according to the study frequency segment; in the step (11), the calculation result may be obtained by adding a one-dimensional drawing group directly, adding an acoustic transmission loss variable expression in global display, drawing an acoustic insulation amount curve, and deriving calculation data. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: based on multi-physical-field coupling software, an acoustic-solid coupling model of the acoustic metamaterial plate is established to simulate and calculate the sound insulation quantity, and the calculation precision is better; by modifying the model parameters, the design efficiency can be optimized; .
drawings
FIG. 1 is a numerical analog of the acoustical metamaterial plate of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a number-mode diagram of the structural elements of the acoustical metamaterial plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sound insulation simulation diagram of the acoustic metamaterial plate structure unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a simulation calculation sound insulation amount of a structural unit of an acoustic metamaterial plate according to the present invention;
reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which: 1-sheet, 2-soft material, 3-mass block, 4-incident sound field, 5-acoustic metamaterial structural unit, and 6-transmission sound field.
Detailed Description
for a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.
a sound insulation simulation calculation method of an acoustic metamaterial plate comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional model of the acoustic metamaterial plate;
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a geometric model of the acoustic metamaterial plate and the acoustic metamaterial plate unit is established in three-dimensional UG software, wherein the thin plate 1 and the soft material 2, and the soft material 2 and the mass block 3 are bonded by glue, the Z-axis is perpendicular to the plane of the thin plate, and the geometric parameters of the acoustic metamaterial plate unit are shown in tables 1-5;
TABLE 1 geometrical parameters of Acoustic metamaterial Panel units
(2) selecting an acoustic-solid coupling module in commercial software COMSOL;
Selecting three dimensions in the model guide, selecting sound-solid interaction under sound-structure interaction in the acoustic module under a physical field interface, simultaneously adding research into a frequency domain, and entering an acoustic-solid coupling model solution interface after completion.
(3) Importing a geometric model into COMSOL and setting units;
The UG geometric model (FIG. 2) is imported in part file format, and the set unit in COMSOL is mm.
(4) establishing a cavity in the software COMSOL and forming a complex with the imported model;
as shown in fig. 3, a cuboid is drawn on the periphery of the geometric model of the imported acoustic metamaterial structural unit 5, the model is placed in the middle of the cuboid, and after all the models are constructed, the cuboid and the imported model automatically form a united body; wherein, the upper part of the acoustic metamaterial structure unit 5 is incident to a sound field 4, and the lower part is a transmission sound field 6;
(5) setting global parameters in the software COMSOL, wherein the global parameters are set known quantities, and P0 is 1Pa, and the parameters are used for defining, solving and setting the whole model and calculating the whole process;
(6) Setting variables and integral operators in software COMSOL;
the variable sets up to three, is incident power, transmission power and acoustic transmission loss respectively, and the integral operator is two, sets up respectively at incident surface and emergent surface, carries out the area integral and can obtain incident acoustic power and transmission acoustic power:
incident acoustic power:
transmission acoustic power:
in the formula: pin and pout are plane wave incident sound pressure and transmitted sound pressure, respectively, and ρ c is the characteristic impedance of air.
Further acoustic transmission losses can be obtained:
(7) adding materials to the corresponding model domain in the software COMSOL and setting a solving module of the corresponding domain;
the established sound-solid coupling model can be divided into five domains, an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and a thin plate, a soft material and a mass block which are respectively corresponding to the five domains, wherein the added material is respectively corresponding to the five domains, the thin plate is made of aluminum, the soft material is made of silicon rubber, the mass block is made of a steel block, the two cavities are endowed with air properties, and the material parameters are shown in a table 2;
TABLE 2 Material parameters of Acoustic metamaterial Panel units
(8) setting load and boundary conditions in the software COMSOL;
the end faces of the sound cavities on the two sides are set to be plane wave radiation boundaries, plane wave sound pressure is set to be 1Pa in an incident sound field, the periphery of the acoustic metamaterial plate and the periphery of the cavity are set to be Floquet periodic boundary conditions, and sound insulation simulation of the infinite acoustic metamaterial plate is simulated;
(9) gridding the model in software COMSOL;
The model is simple, the freely-split tetrahedral mesh provided by software is directly divided, the mesh is selected from a conventional mesh, a common domain division unit 3510, a boundary unit 1012 and an edge unit 174 are shared, and the total solving degree of freedom is 8934.
(10) Adding research into software COMSOL, and setting a solved frequency range and step length;
And (4) adding research in a main screen column, setting the solving frequency of the sound insulation quantity at a low frequency band of 50-1000 Hz, and setting the step length at 10 Hz.
(11) calculating the plot and deriving data;
As shown in fig. 4, a one-dimensional drawing group is added to the result column of the main screen column, a sound transmission loss variable expression is added to the global display, a sound insulation amount curve is drawn, and calculation data is derived to origin for charting again, so that the sound insulation amount of the acoustic metamaterial plate is obtained.
the above-mentioned embodiments are only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and variations and modifications in different forms are within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a sound insulation simulation calculation method of an acoustic metamaterial plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) establishing a geometric model of the acoustic metamaterial plate in three-dimensional UG software, wherein the thin plate and the soft material as well as the soft material and the mass block are bonded by glue, and the Z axis is vertical to the plane of the thin plate;
(2) Establishing a solving interface of an acoustic-solid coupling model in commercial software COMSOL;
(3) importing the geometric model in UG into COMSOL and setting a unit;
(4) establishing a cavity in the software COMSOL and forming a complex with the imported model;
(5) Setting global parameters in software COMSOL, wherein the parameters are used for the whole process of defining, solving and setting the whole model and calculating;
(6) setting variables and integral operators in software COMSOL, wherein the variables are the solved incident sound field, the sound power of the transmission sound field and the sound transmission loss, and the integral operators are the solved surface integral of the incident sound power and the transmission sound power;
(7) adding materials to the corresponding model domain in the software COMSOL and setting a solving module of the corresponding domain;
(8) setting load and boundary conditions in the software COMSOL;
(9) dividing grids for the model in software COMSOL, and freely dividing tetrahedral grids for the entity model;
(10) Adding research into software COMSOL, and setting a solved frequency range and step length;
(11) and calculating in software COMSOL, adding a one-dimensional drawing, drawing a structure sound insulation quantity curve and deriving data so as to obtain the sound insulation quantity of the acoustic metamaterial plate.
2. the method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (2) selecting three dimensions in the model guide, selecting sound-solid interaction under the sound-structure interaction in the acoustic module under the physical field interface, and simultaneously selecting and researching the sound-solid interaction as a frequency domain.
3. the method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the introduced UG geometric model is in a part file format, and the set unit in COMSOL is mm.
4. the method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), cavities are drawn at the upper side and the lower side of the imported geometric model, and after all the cavities are constructed, the cavities and the imported model automatically form a united body.
5. the method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the global parameter is a set known quantity, and P0 is 1 Pa.
6. The method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (6), the three variables are set as incident power, transmission power and acoustic transmission loss, and the two integration operators are set as incident surface and emergent surface, respectively, and the incident acoustic power and the transmission acoustic power can be obtained by performing surface integration:
incident acoustic power:
Transmission acoustic power:
in the formula: pin and pout are plane wave incident sound pressure and transmitted sound pressure, respectively, and ρ c is the characteristic impedance of air.
Further acoustic transmission losses can be obtained:
7. The method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (7), the added materials respectively correspond to three parts of the acoustic metamaterial plate, wherein the thin plate is made of a steel plate, the soft material is made of silicon rubber, the mass block is made of a steel block, and air properties are required to be given to the cavity.
8. The method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (8), the end faces of the acoustic cavities on the two sides are set as plane wave radiation boundaries, plane wave sound pressure is set to be 1Pa in an incident sound field, and the periphery of the acoustic metamaterial plate is fixed or set as a Flequet periodic boundary condition specifically according to a required model.
9. The method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (9), for solving the meshing of the sound wave propagation, at least 5 secondary mesh units are needed in each direction, and the maximum unit size is set to be one fifth of the minimum wavelength.
10. The method for calculating the sound insulation simulation of the acoustic metamaterial plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (10), setting a solving interval specifically includes setting a frequency solving range according to the research frequency band; in the step (11), the calculation result may be obtained by adding a one-dimensional drawing group directly, adding an acoustic transmission loss variable expression in global display, drawing an acoustic insulation amount curve, and deriving calculation data.
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| CN117420713A (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-01-19 | 江苏繁华应材科技股份有限公司 | Electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass and electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating window system |
| CN117420713B (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-29 | 江苏繁华应材科技股份有限公司 | Electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating glass and electrochromic dimming energy-saving sound-insulating window system |
| CN117747029A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Numerical simulation method for determining optical characteristics of light-transmitting structure of multi-wall polycarbonate plate |
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