CN117413732A - Method for artificial assisting pollination of muskmelon - Google Patents
Method for artificial assisting pollination of muskmelon Download PDFInfo
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- CN117413732A CN117413732A CN202311109149.9A CN202311109149A CN117413732A CN 117413732 A CN117413732 A CN 117413732A CN 202311109149 A CN202311109149 A CN 202311109149A CN 117413732 A CN117413732 A CN 117413732A
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- potassium
- phosphorus
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- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 70
- 244000064895 Cucumis melo subsp melo Species 0.000 title description 294
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 255
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 197
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 197
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 172
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 149
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000005869 Pyraclostrobin Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraclostrobin Chemical compound COC(=O)N(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1COC1=NN(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C=C1 HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- PVTHJAPFENJVNC-MHRBZPPQSA-N kasugamycin Chemical compound N[C@H]1C[C@H](NC(=N)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O PVTHJAPFENJVNC-MHRBZPPQSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000005760 Difenoconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N difenoconazole Chemical compound O1C(C)COC1(C=1C(=CC(OC=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 21
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzyladenine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2NC=NC=2C=1NCC1=CC=CC=C1 NWBJYWHLCVSVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 amino oligosaccharide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 abstract 7
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 10
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 102000012286 Chitinases Human genes 0.000 description 2
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- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005979 Forchlorfenuron Substances 0.000 description 2
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000611441 Solanum lycopersicum Pathogenesis-related leaf protein 6 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GPXLRLUVLMHHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N forchlorfenuron Chemical compound C1=NC(Cl)=CC(NC(=O)NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GPXLRLUVLMHHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219104 Cucurbitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001608711 Melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
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- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/026—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility by treatment with chemicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
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Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Botany (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for manually assisting pollination of a thin-skin melon, which relates to the technical field of pollination methods of thin-skin melons, and comprises the following steps: and (3) performing artificial pollination pretreatment, spraying pollination pretreatment liquid, spraying pollination post-treatment liquid, fruit expansion period treatment and the like. The pre-pollination treatment liquid and the post-pollination treatment liquid are optimized and used before and after pollination, and the treatment steps in the fruit expansion period are optimized, so that the fruit setting rate of the first thin-skin melons can be effectively ensured, the fruit setting rates of the second thin-skin melons and the third thin-skin melons can be effectively ensured, and the problem that the effect is poor when the conventional artificial pollination method is used for the second thin-skin melons and the third thin-skin melons is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation methods of muskmelon, in particular to a method for manually assisting pollination of muskmelon.
Background
Melon, also known as "muskmelon". Is annual tendril herb of Cucumis sativus of Cucurbitaceae, and has shape of leaf heart. Flower uniqueness, yellow, hermaphrodite, or amphoteric flower. Melon is spherical, oval, elliptic or oblate, and has yellow, white, green or miscellaneous skin with various speckles. Green, white, red or orange-yellow pulp, crisp or soft pulp, and fragrant and sweet. High temperature, dryness and sufficient sunlight. The original tropical zone is cultivated in various places in China, the varieties are many, the fragrance and sweetness produced in North China and northwest China are strong, and the water produced in the humid area is more light. Is one of excellent fruits in summer. The famous Xinjiang cantaloupe is a variety of var. The shape and color of melon fruits vary with variety. Melon fruits are used as fruits or vegetables, pedicellus melo and seeds for medical use. Fresh fruits are mainly eaten, and can also be made into dried melon, preserved melon, melon juice, melon sauce, pickled products and the like. Melon is divided into two kinds of ecology, namely thin melon and thick melon, the growth vigor of thick melon is more vigorous, the melon is of medium-large melon type, the weight of single melon is 2-5 kg, the melon skin is thicker, and some melon skin has reticulate patterns, and the melon is peeled for eating. The meat thickness is more than 2.5 cm, the sugar content is more than 12-17%, and the seeds are bigger. Good quality and is durable in storage and transportation. The melon has weak growth potential, small plant type, thin stem, good ecological adaptability, low light resistance and low humidity. The melon fruits are smaller and the weight of individual melons is typically less than 200 grams. The fruit is cylindrical, round or pear-shaped. The melon peel is smooth, thin and edible. Meat quality is either crispy (crispy) or soft (melon).
At present, in order to improve the pollination effect of the thin-skin melons, an artificial pollination method or a bee supplementary pollination method is generally adopted, a bee source is required for bee supplementary pollination, and many melon farmers or planting farms do not have the condition. The artificial pollination method has a certain limitation, for example, patent (CN 104381121A) discloses a pollination method for improving seed production yield of muskmelon greenhouse, when producing the hybrid of muskmelon, selecting female parent plants with the total number of female flowers in large bud period and young bud period being more than 4 in afternoon before pollination, stripping flowers in large bud period, emasculating and bagging, and stripping flowers in young bud period for the next day. On the day of pollination, female flowers with emasculation are selected on the selected plants to enter the flowering phase and the bud phase respectively, then the female flowers in the flowering phase and the bud phase are simultaneously pollinated on the same day, and then the pollination is not performed, so that the pollination of the same plant is completed in the shortest time. Not only improves the seed yield of melon, but also reduces the labor capacity. The method of the patent (CN 104381121A) is mainly aimed at the first thin-skin melon, and aims to improve the fruit setting rate, when the method is applied to the second thin-skin melon and the third thin-skin melon, the fruit setting rate is improved only limitedly, and the method does not improve the taste of the fruits of the thin-skin melons, and the sweetness, the taste and the quality of the second thin-skin melon and the third thin-skin melon are far less than those of the first thin-skin melon. Patent (CN 113016604 a) discloses a quick seed reserving method for melon with thin skin, which comprises the following steps: step 1, searching female flowers which can normally open on the next day in the previous day; step 2, fixing female flower tips by using plastic clips; step 3, picking male flowers in the morning the next day; step 4, uniformly smearing the picked male flower pollen on female stigma; step 5, folding female flower petals, and fixing by using a plastic clip; step 6, binding colored lines at the positions of the female flower stems; step 7, uniformly spraying 60-200 times of chlorpyrimide with the active ingredient content of 0.1% on female flowers of the binding wire in afternoon; step 8, repeating the steps 1-7, repeating the steps 3 times for finishing pollination work every time when changing the line with one color; compared with the prior art, the artificial supplementary pollination method has the advantages that the artificial supplementary pollination time can be shortened, the working efficiency is improved, the labor cost is saved, and the seed reserving method can avoid the conditions of low seed production or harvest failure under severe weather conditions. However, the method of patent (CN 113016604 a) is mainly aimed at the first thin-skin melon, and when the method is applied to the second thin-skin melon and the third thin-skin melon, the effect of improving the fruit setting rate is limited, and the method is mainly used for seed reserving, and the effect of improving the taste of the fruits of the thin-skin melons is not improved, so that the sweetness, the taste and the quality of the second thin-skin melon and the third thin-skin melon are far less than those of the first thin-skin melon. Patent (CN 113906965 a) discloses a melon multi-cropping cultivation technique for increasing the utilization rate of a planting greenhouse, which comprises the following steps: s1, sowing the first stubble of muskmelon in the last 12 to last 1 months, transplanting in the middle 2 months, and harvesting in the last 4 to last 5 months; s2, raising seedlings; s3, preparing a land, namely selecting a land block rich in organic matters, loose in soil and good in drainage; s4, field planting; s5, regulating and controlling plants; s6, stubble cleaning is avoided, after the first stubble thick-skin melon is harvested, the root parts of melon seedlings are pulled out, vines are dried in situ, and the second stubble is planted on the edge of a furrow 130cm away from the root parts of the first stubble; s7, water and fertilizer operation planning; s8, pest control. The production of two-stubble thick-skin melons and one-stubble thin-skin melons is realized by a planting method of three stubbles in one year, and the planting benefit is effectively improved. However, the method of patent (CN 113906965 a) is a interplanting method of muskmelon and muskmelon, and does not relate to the second and third powder teaching technologies of muskmelon, and the method inevitably has the phenomenon that the sweetness, taste and quality of the second and third muskmelon are far less than those of the first muskmelon. The main reason why the pollination method of the muskmelon is inapplicable in the second batch and the third batch is that the pollination method of the muskmelon should be properly adjusted under the influence of different factors such as temperature, illumination, growth vigor of plants and growth states. In the method, melon is planted once and harvested three times; the pollination method of the first batch of thin-skin melons mainly faces the following problems: 1) The pollination time of the melons in the first batch is in the month of three, the temperature and the illumination are insufficient at the moment, the problem of how to ensure the fruit setting rate is solved, the malformation rate of the thin-skin melons is very high under the influence of the illumination and the temperature, and the problem of how to improve is solved; 2) In the first batch of pollination, the pollination effect is ensured, the growth vigor of the thin-skin melon is also ensured, the plant is prevented from premature senility, and enough nutritional ingredients can be stored; the pollination method of the second batch of thin-skin melons mainly faces the following problems: 1) How to ensure fruit setting rate; 2) How to ensure good growth vigor of the thin-skin melon and enable plants to store enough nutritional ingredients; 3) How to effectively avoid the quality degradation of the second thin-skin melon; the pollination method of the third batch of thin-skin melons mainly faces the following problems: 1) How to ensure fruit setting rate; 2) How to reduce diseases of the muskmelon; 3) How to effectively avoid the quality degradation of the second thin-skin melon.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problem that the pollination method is poor in effect when used for the second and third thin-skin melons, the invention provides a method for pollination of the artificial auxiliary greenhouse thin-skin melons, which can effectively ensure the fruit setting rate, yield and quality of the first thin-skin melons and also can effectively ensure the fruit setting rate, yield and quality of the second and third thin-skin melons.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides: a method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) 20-25 days before artificial pollination, 1.8-2.2 kg/mu of root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer, and 3-4 g/mu of 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule are sprayed;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 3-5 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 to 0.4 part of brassinolide, 0.5 to 0.8 part of 6-benzylaminopurine, 20 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying the post-pollination treatment liquid 10-15 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 0.8 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 1 to 2 parts of 6-benzyl aminopurine, 20 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 100-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 60-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharins is 55-60 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 10-15 g/mu;
4.2 Applying a second water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the second melon in the fruit expanding period of the thin-skin melon, wherein the second water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the second melon comprises a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% of pyraclostrobin and 10% of difenoconazole water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 100-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 60-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharin is 35-40 ml/mu, the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 20-25 g/mu, and the dosage of the 10% of difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 10-15 g/mu;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon fruits in a third-batch thin-skin melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises 5% of amino oligosaccharide, 20% of pyraclostrobin by mass, 100-120 g/mu of high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, 60-80 g/mu of potassium fulvate, 25-30 ml/mu of amino oligosaccharide with 5% of mass, and 10-15 g/mu of 20% of pyraclostrobin by mass.
Further, the root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer is 1.9 to 2.2 kg/mu before artificial pollination in the step (1), and 3.5 to 4 g/mu of 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule is sprayed; the application method of the microbial fertilizer for the golden baby comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and applying the root to the melon plant; the using method of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and spraying the whole plant of thin-skin melon.
Further, the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 to 0.4 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 0.6 to 0.8 part of 6-benzyl amino purine, 22 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water.
Further, the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.6 to 0.8 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 1.5 to 2 parts of 6-benzyl amino purine, 22 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water.
Further, the phosphorus content of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L.
Further, the first batch of high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharins is 57-60 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 12-15 g/mu; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening.
Further, the second batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% of pyraclostrobin and 10% of difenoconazole water-dispersible granules, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharin is 37-40 ml/mu, the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 23-25 g/mu, and the dosage of the 10% of difenoconazole water-dispersible granules is 12-15 g/mu; the second melon is divided into three parts by high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and is sprayed for one time in the morning and once in the evening of the day, and is sprayed for one time in the evening of the next day.
Further, the second batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons also comprises 2% of kasugamycin water dispersible granule, and the dosage of the 2% of kasugamycin water dispersible granule is 2-2.5 g/mu.
Further, the third batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharin and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharin is 27-30 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 13-15 g/mu.
Further, the method also comprises the step of sterilizing soil, wherein each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil sterilizing liquid is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil sterilizing liquid is 200-250 kg/mu, and the soil sterilizing liquid is 1000-1200 times of 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule.
The invention relates to a method for manually assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, which aims at the pollination method of thin-skin melons, mainly aims at the problems that the pollination method of the first thin-skin melons is used for pollination of the second thin-skin melons and the third thin-skin melons, the pollination effect is poor, the fruit deformity rate is high, the sugar accumulation is insufficient and the quality is poor, and the yield is poor when the conventional pollination method is used for the second thin-skin melons and the third thin-skin melons; according to the invention, an artificial pollination method is mainly optimized, and the application of the golden baby microbial fertilizer is started 20-25 days before pollination, so that various microbial agents in the golden baby microbial fertilizer promote the dissolution and release of insoluble nutrients in soil, a large amount of inorganic and organic acidic substances can be released in the metabolic process of the microbial agents, the release and chelation of trace elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, magnesium and molybdenum in the soil are promoted, the microbial agents can generate various antibiotics and various active enzymes, and the absorption and accumulation of organic nutrients, antibiotics, various active enzymes and trace elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, magnesium and molybdenum are facilitated for the melon plants, and sufficient nutrients are provided for subsequent successful pollination; the kasugamycin kills various fungi and bacterial diseases, so that adverse effects of various diseases on pollination are avoided; the pre-pollination treatment liquid and the post-pollination treatment liquid are optimized and used before and after pollination, so that the fruit setting rate of the first stubble thin-skin melons can be effectively ensured, the fruit setting rates of the second batch of thin-skin melons and the third batch of thin-skin melons can be effectively ensured, and the problem of poor effect when the forchlorfenuron is singly used in the existing artificial pollination is effectively solved; aiming at the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the muskmelon, a special high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent is used in the fruit expansion period, amino oligosaccharin in the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent can excite genes in plants to generate chitinase, glucanase, maintainer, PR proteins and the like with disease resistance, has cell activation, can promote the growth and development of the fruits of the muskmelon, is a novel broad-spectrum bactericide, has extremely strong prevention and control and eradication effects on fungi, bacteria and viruses, is added with a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer to supplement phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, and simultaneously added with fulvic acid potassium containing multiple nutritional ingredients such as trace elements, rare earth elements, plant growth regulators, virus inhibitors and the like, and the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the muskmelon can be effectively avoided under the synergistic effect of multiple components; the first batch of thin-skin melons are harvested for three batches, the first batch of thin-skin melons face the problems of low pollination temperature, insufficient illumination, low fruit setting rate, high fruit deformity rate and the like, the second batch of thin-skin melons and the third batch of thin-skin melons face the problems of serious diseases, insufficient plant supply and the like, and the fruit quality of the second batch of thin-skin melons and the third batch of thin-skin melons is greatly influenced, so that the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is applied in the first batch of thin-skin melon fruit expanding period, the dosage of amino-oligose is increased in the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons, the fruit setting rate can be ensured, the deformity rate of the thin-skin melons can be reduced, the growth vigor of the thin-skin melons can be ensured, and the plants are not early-matured; the second batch of melon fruit expanding period is applied with the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, the amino-oligosaccharin dosage is reduced in the second batch of melon fruit expanding period, the dosage of pyraclostrobin is increased, and 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules are also added, so that the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the thin melon can be effectively avoided, and the third batch of melon fruits with higher quality can be obtained; the third batch of melon fruit expanding period is applied with the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and the third batch of melon is further adjusted in amino oligosaccharin and pyraclostrobin dosage, so that the fruit setting rate can be ensured, the deformity rate of the melon can be reduced, and the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the melon can be effectively avoided.
According to the method for artificially assisting pollination of the muskmelon, disclosed by the invention, the second-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the muskmelon also comprises 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granules, no medicament residue exists, and the incidence rate of damage to the peel of the muskmelon can be effectively reduced.
Detailed Description
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The invention relates to a method for artificially assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, which is experimentally carried out in Wuming areas in Guangxi nan Ning, and is applicable to Guangxi nan Ning and places with long frost-free period in the south; the first batch of thin-skin melons, the second batch of thin-skin melons and the second batch of thin-skin melons in the method refer to that one melon is harvested in three batches, the first batch of thin-skin melons is harvested for the first time, the second batch of thin-skin melons is harvested for the second time, and the third batch of thin-skin melons is harvested for the third time; the harvesting time of the muskmelon lasts for 3-4 months.
The invention relates to a method for manually assisting pollination of muskmelon, which is suitable for pollination of various muskmelon, and the following examples are given by way of example of Guangmi No. 1. The Guangmi No. 1 is a thin-skin melon cultivated by gardening research institute of Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences, the pear shape of the fruit of the Guangmi No. 1 thin-skin melon is light yellow in skin color, white in meat, 1.0-1.5 cm thick in meat, 14-15% of center soluble solid content, tender in meat quality, fresh, sweet and tasty, rich in fragrance, good in quality, and 0.4-0.7 kg of single melon weight, and the per mu yield is more than 2000 kg. The spring stubble growing period is about 90d, and the autumn stubble growing period is about 60d. The following examples take spring stubble as an example.
The invention relates to a method for manually assisting pollination of muskmelon, which is simultaneously suitable for open-air planting and greenhouse planting; the following examples take open air planting as an example.
Example 1
A method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) The base fertilizer is sufficiently applied, and the planting density of the muskmelon with thin peel is 1200-1300 plants/mu; timely pruning, weeding, deinsectization, disease control and topdressing; each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil disinfectant is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil disinfectant is 200 kg/mu, and the soil disinfectant is 1000 times of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
20 days before artificial pollination, 1.8 kg of root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer per mu and 3g of 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule per mu are sprayed;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 3 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 0.5 part of 6-benzylaminopurine, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying a post-pollination treatment liquid 10 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 1 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 100 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 60 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino oligosaccharins is 55 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 10 g/mu; the phosphorus content of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening;
4.2 Applying a second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons in the fruit expanding period of the second thin-skin melons, wherein the second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharins, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 2% by mass of kasugamycin water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 100 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 60 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% by mass of the amino-oligosaccharins is 35 ml/mu, the dosage of 20% by mass of the pyraclostrobin is 20 g/mu, and the dosage of 10% by mass of the difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 10 g/mu; the dosage of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule is 2 g/mu; the second batch of melons are divided into three parts by using the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and are sprayed for three times, once in the morning, once in the evening of the day, and once in the evening of the next day;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons in a third-batch melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 100 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 60 g/mu, the dosage of the amino-oligosaccharin with the mass fraction of 5% is 25 ml/mu, and the dosage of the pyraclostrobin with the mass fraction of 20% is 10 g/mu;
(5) Harvesting melon fruits with thin skin at proper time.
The cultivation condition of the method for artificial auxiliary pollination of the greenhouse muskmelon and the measurement results of the content of each component of the muskmelon fruit are shown in the following table;
example 2
A method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) The base fertilizer is sufficiently applied, and the planting density of the muskmelon with thin peel is 1200-1300 plants/mu; timely pruning, weeding, deinsectization, disease control and topdressing; each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil disinfectant is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil disinfectant is 250 kg/mu, and the soil disinfectant is 1200 times of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
Root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer 2.2 kg/mu 25 days before artificial pollination, and spraying 4 g/mu of 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 5 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 0.8 part of 6-benzylaminopurine, 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying a post-pollination treatment liquid 15 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 2 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharins is 60 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 15 g/mu; the phosphorus content of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening;
4.2 Applying a second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons in the fruit expanding period of the second thin-skin melons, wherein the second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharins, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 2% by mass of kasugamycin water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% by mass of the amino-oligosaccharins is 40 ml/mu, the dosage of 20% by mass of the pyraclostrobin is 25 g/mu, and the dosage of the 10% by mass of the difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 15 g/mu; the dosage of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule is 2.5 g/mu; the second batch of melons are divided into three parts by using the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and are sprayed for three times, once in the morning, once in the evening of the day, and once in the evening of the next day;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons in a third-batch melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 80 g/mu, the dosage of the amino-oligosaccharin with the mass fraction of 5% is 30 ml/mu, and the dosage of the pyraclostrobin with the mass fraction of 20% is 15 g/mu;
(5) Harvesting melon fruits with thin skin at proper time.
The cultivation condition of the method for artificial auxiliary pollination of the greenhouse muskmelon and the measurement results of the content of each component of the muskmelon fruit are shown in the following table;
example 3
A method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) The base fertilizer is sufficiently applied, and the planting density of the muskmelon with thin peel is 1200-1300 plants/mu; timely pruning, weeding, deinsectization, disease control and topdressing; each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil disinfectant is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil disinfectant is 250 kg/mu, and the soil disinfectant is 1200 times of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer 1.9 kg/mu before artificial pollination, and spraying 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule 3.5 g/mu;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 4 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 0.6 part of 6-benzylaminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying the post-pollination treatment liquid 12 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.6 part of 0.01 percent brassinolide, 1.5 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino oligosaccharins is 57 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 12 g/mu; the phosphorus content of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening;
4.2 Applying a second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons in the fruit expanding period of the second thin-skin melons, wherein the second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 2% by mass of kasugamycin water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% by mass of the amino-oligosaccharin is 37 ml/mu, the dosage of 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin is 23 g/mu, and the dosage of 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 12 g/mu; the dosage of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule is 2.2 g/mu; the second batch of melons are divided into three parts by using the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and are sprayed for three times, once in the morning, once in the evening of the day, and once in the evening of the next day;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons in a third-batch melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the amino-oligosaccharin with the mass fraction of 5% is 27 ml/mu, and the dosage of the pyraclostrobin with the mass fraction of 20% is 13 g/mu;
(5) Harvesting melon fruits with thin skin at proper time.
The cultivation condition of the method for artificial auxiliary pollination of the greenhouse muskmelon and the measurement results of the content of each component of the muskmelon fruit are shown in the following table;
example 4
A method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) The base fertilizer is sufficiently applied, and the planting density of the muskmelon with thin peel is 1200-1300 plants/mu; timely pruning, weeding, deinsectization, disease control and topdressing; each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil disinfectant is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil disinfectant is 250 kg/mu, and the soil disinfectant is 1200 times of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
Root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer 1.9 kg/mu before artificial pollination, and spraying 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule 3.5 g/mu;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 4 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 0.6 part of 6-benzylaminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying the post-pollination treatment liquid 12 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.6 part of 0.01 percent brassinolide, 1.5 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino oligosaccharins is 57 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 12 g/mu; the phosphorus content of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening;
4.2 Applying a second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons in the fruit expanding period of the second thin-skin melons, wherein the second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons comprises 5% by mass of amino oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin and 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% by mass of the amino oligosaccharin is 37 ml/mu, the dosage of the 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin is 23 g/mu, and the dosage of the 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 12 g/mu; the second batch of melons are divided into three parts by using the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and are sprayed for three times, once in the morning, once in the evening of the day, and once in the evening of the next day;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons in a third-batch melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the amino-oligosaccharin with the mass fraction of 5% is 27 ml/mu, and the dosage of the pyraclostrobin with the mass fraction of 20% is 13 g/mu;
(5) Harvesting melon fruits with thin skin at proper time.
The cultivation condition of the method for artificial auxiliary pollination of the greenhouse muskmelon and the measurement results of the content of each component of the muskmelon fruit are shown in the following table;
comparative example 1
A method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) The base fertilizer is sufficiently applied, and the planting density of the muskmelon with thin peel is 1200-1300 plants/mu; timely pruning, weeding, deinsectization, disease control and topdressing; each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil disinfectant is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil disinfectant is 250 kg/mu, and the soil disinfectant is 1200 times of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer 1.9 kg/mu before artificial pollination, and spraying 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule 3.5 g/mu;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 4 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.9 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01%, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying the post-pollination treatment liquid 12 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01% brassinolide 2.4 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 22 parts, borax 19 parts and water 1000 parts;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino oligosaccharins is 57 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 12 g/mu; the phosphorus content of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening;
4.2 Applying a second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons in the fruit expanding period of the second thin-skin melons, wherein the second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 2% by mass of kasugamycin water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% by mass of the amino-oligosaccharin is 37 ml/mu, the dosage of 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin is 23 g/mu, and the dosage of 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 12 g/mu; the dosage of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule is 2.2 g/mu; the second batch of melons are divided into three parts by using the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and are sprayed for three times, once in the morning, once in the evening of the day, and once in the evening of the next day;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons in a third-batch melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the amino-oligosaccharin with the mass fraction of 5% is 27 ml/mu, and the dosage of the pyraclostrobin with the mass fraction of 20% is 13 g/mu;
(5) Harvesting melon fruits with thin skin at proper time.
The cultivation condition of the method for artificial auxiliary pollination of the greenhouse muskmelon and the measurement results of the content of each component of the muskmelon fruit are shown in the following table;
comparative example 2
A method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) The base fertilizer is sufficiently applied, and the planting density of the muskmelon with thin peel is 1200-1300 plants/mu; timely pruning, weeding, deinsectization, disease control and topdressing; each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil disinfectant is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil disinfectant is 250 kg/mu, and the soil disinfectant is 1200 times of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
Root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer 1.9 kg/mu before artificial pollination, and spraying 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule 3.5 g/mu;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 4 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: the mass fraction is 0.9 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying the post-pollination treatment liquid 12 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.4 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino oligosaccharins is 57 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 12 g/mu; the phosphorus content of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening;
4.2 Applying a second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons in the fruit expanding period of the second thin-skin melons, wherein the second high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 2% by mass of kasugamycin water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% by mass of the amino-oligosaccharin is 37 ml/mu, the dosage of 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin is 23 g/mu, and the dosage of 10% by mass of difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 12 g/mu; the dosage of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule is 2.2 g/mu; the second batch of melons are divided into three parts by using the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and are sprayed for three times, once in the morning, once in the evening of the day, and once in the evening of the next day;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons in a third-batch melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons comprises 5% by mass of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% by mass of pyraclostrobin, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70 g/mu, the dosage of the amino-oligosaccharin with the mass fraction of 5% is 27 ml/mu, and the dosage of the pyraclostrobin with the mass fraction of 20% is 13 g/mu;
(5) Harvesting melon fruits with thin skin at proper time.
The cultivation condition of the method for artificial auxiliary pollination of the greenhouse muskmelon and the measurement results of the content of each component of the muskmelon fruit are shown in the following table;
comparative example 3
A method for artificial assisting pollination of thin-skin melons, comprising the following steps:
(1) The base fertilizer is sufficiently applied, and the planting density of the muskmelon with thin peel is 1200-1300 plants/mu; timely pruning, weeding, deinsectization, disease control and topdressing; each batch of thin-skin melons are picked, the soil disinfectant is sprayed for 1 time, the dosage of the soil disinfectant is 250 kg/mu, and the soil disinfectant is 1200 times of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule;
root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer 1.9 kg/mu before artificial pollination, and spraying 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule 3.5 g/mu;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 4 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 0.6 part of 6-benzylaminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying the post-pollination treatment liquid 12 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.6 part of 0.01 percent brassinolide, 1.5 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine, 22 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period: spraying high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110 g/mu;
(5) Harvesting melon fruits with thin skin at proper time.
The cultivation condition of the method for artificial auxiliary pollination of the greenhouse muskmelon and the measurement results of the content of each component of the muskmelon fruit are shown in the following table;
looking at the damage incidence conditions of the second batch of the thin-skin melons in examples 1-3 and example 4, the specific experimental method is as follows: the method comprises the steps of using sterilized bamboo sticks to make scratches with the length and width of 2 cm and the depth of 0.5 cm on the surface of the second batch of thin-skin melons, placing the thin-skin melons in a fresh-keeping layer of a refrigerator for 3 days, checking the damage incidence of the thin-skin melons, wherein the damage incidence of the thin-skin melons in examples 1-3 is 0%, and about 50% of the scratches of the thin-skin melons in example 4 are blackened and mildewed, so that the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the second batch of melons further comprises 2% of kasugamycin water dispersible granules, has no medicament residues, and can effectively reduce the damage incidence rate of the thin-skin melons.
According to the artificial pollination assisting method for the muskmelon, disclosed by the invention, the microbial fertilizer for the muskmelon is applied 20-25 days before pollination, various microbial agents in the microbial fertilizer for the muskmelon promote the dissolution and release of insoluble nutrients in soil, a large amount of inorganic organic acidic substances can be released in the metabolic process of the microbial agents, the release and chelation of trace elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, magnesium and molybdenum in the soil are promoted, the microbial agents can also produce various antibiotics and various active enzymes, so that the muskmelon plants can absorb and accumulate the organic nutrients, the antibiotics, various active enzymes and trace elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, magnesium and molybdenum conveniently, and sufficient nutrients are provided for subsequent successful pollination; the kasugamycin kills various fungi and bacterial diseases, so that adverse effects of various diseases on pollination are avoided; the pre-pollination treatment liquid and the post-pollination treatment liquid are optimized and used before and after pollination, so that the fruit setting rate of the first stubble thin-skin melons can be effectively ensured, the fruit setting rates of the second batch of thin-skin melons and the third batch of thin-skin melons can be effectively ensured, and the problem of poor effect when the forchlorfenuron is singly used in the existing artificial pollination is effectively solved; aiming at the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the muskmelon, a special high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent is used in the fruit expansion period, amino oligosaccharin in the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent can excite genes in plants to generate chitinase, glucanase, maintainer, PR proteins and the like with disease resistance, has cell activation, can promote the growth and development of the fruits of the muskmelon, is a novel broad-spectrum bactericide, has extremely strong prevention and control and eradication effects on fungi, bacteria and viruses, is added with a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer to supplement phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, and simultaneously added with fulvic acid potassium containing multiple nutritional ingredients such as trace elements, rare earth elements, plant growth regulators, virus inhibitors and the like, and the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the muskmelon can be effectively avoided under the synergistic effect of multiple components; the first batch of thin-skin melons are harvested for three batches, the first batch of thin-skin melons face the problems of low pollination temperature, insufficient illumination, low fruit setting rate, high fruit deformity rate and the like, the second batch of thin-skin melons and the third batch of thin-skin melons face the problems of serious diseases, insufficient plant supply and the like, and the fruit quality of the second batch of thin-skin melons and the third batch of thin-skin melons is greatly influenced, so that the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is applied in the first batch of thin-skin melon fruit expanding period, the dosage of amino-oligose is increased in the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons, the fruit setting rate can be ensured, the deformity rate of the thin-skin melons can be reduced, the growth vigor of the thin-skin melons can be ensured, and the plants are not early-matured; the second batch of melon fruit expanding period is applied with the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, the amino-oligosaccharin dosage is reduced in the second batch of melon fruit expanding period, the dosage of pyraclostrobin is increased, and 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules are also added, so that the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the thin melon can be effectively avoided, and the third batch of melon fruits with higher quality can be obtained; the third batch of melon fruit expanding period is applied with the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and the third batch of melon is further adjusted in amino oligosaccharin and pyraclostrobin dosage, so that the fruit setting rate can be ensured, the deformity rate of the melon can be reduced, and the problems of high fruit deformity rate, insufficient sugar accumulation, poor quality and the like of the melon can be effectively avoided. The second batch of high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for melons also comprises 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule, has no medicament residue, and can effectively reduce the incidence of damage to the peel of the thin-skin melons.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The method for artificial assisting pollination of the muskmelon is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) 20-25 days before artificial pollination, 1.8-2.2 kg/mu of root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer, and 3-4 g/mu of 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule are sprayed;
(2) Spraying the pre-pollination treatment liquid 3-5 days before artificial pollination; the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 to 0.4 part of brassinolide, 0.5 to 0.8 part of 6-benzylaminopurine, 20 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent;
(3) Artificial pollination, and spraying the post-pollination treatment liquid 10-15 days after the artificial pollination; the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 0.8 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 1 to 2 parts of 6-benzyl aminopurine, 20 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water;
(4) Treatment in the fruit expanding period:
4.1 Applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first melon in the fruit expanding period of the first thin-skin melon; the first batch of high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharins and 20% of pyraclostrobin, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 100-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 60-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharins is 55-60 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 10-15 g/mu;
4.2 Applying a second water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the second melon in the fruit expanding period of the thin-skin melon, wherein the second water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the second melon comprises a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% of pyraclostrobin and 10% of difenoconazole water dispersible granules, the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 100-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 60-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharin is 35-40 ml/mu, the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 20-25 g/mu, and the dosage of the 10% of difenoconazole water dispersible granules is 10-15 g/mu;
4.3 Applying a third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon fruits in a third-batch thin-skin melon fruit expanding period, wherein the third-batch high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for muskmelon comprises 5% of amino oligosaccharide, 20% of pyraclostrobin by mass, 100-120 g/mu of high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, 60-80 g/mu of potassium fulvate, 25-30 ml/mu of amino oligosaccharide with 5% of mass, and 10-15 g/mu of 20% of pyraclostrobin by mass.
2. The method for artificially assisting pollination of the muskmelon according to claim 1, wherein the root Shi Jin baby microbial fertilizer 1.9-2.2 kg/mu is sprayed with 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule 3.5-4 g/mu 22-25 days before artificial pollination in the step (1); the application method of the microbial fertilizer for the golden baby comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and applying the root to the melon plant; the using method of the 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule comprises the following steps: diluting with water, and spraying the whole plant of thin-skin melon.
3. The method for artificially assisting pollination of thin-skin melons according to claim 1, wherein the pre-pollination treatment liquid comprises, in parts by weight: 0.3 to 0.4 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 0.6 to 0.8 part of 6-benzyl amino purine, 22 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water.
4. The method for artificially assisting pollination of thin-skin melons according to claim 1, wherein the post-pollination treatment liquid comprises, in parts by weight: 0.6 to 0.8 part of brassinolide with the mass fraction of 0.01 percent, 1.5 to 2 parts of 6-benzyl amino purine, 22 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 19 to 20 parts of borax and 1000 parts of water.
5. The method for artificially assisting pollination of thin-skin melons according to claim 1, wherein the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer has the following phosphorus content: 450g/L, potassium content is: 600g/L.
6. The method for artificial auxiliary pollination of thin-skin melons, which is characterized in that the first batch of melon high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent comprises high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% amino oligosaccharin by mass and 20% pyraclostrobin by mass, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70-80 g/mu, the dosage of the amino oligosaccharin by mass is 57-60 ml/mu, and the dosage of the 20% pyraclostrobin by mass is 12-15 g/mu; the spraying time of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the first batch of melons is evening.
7. The method for artificial auxiliary pollination of thin-skin melons, which is characterized in that the second batch of melon high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent comprises high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino-oligosaccharin, 20% of pyraclostrobin and 10% of difenoconazole water-dispersible granules, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70-80 g/mu, the dosage of the 5% of amino-oligosaccharin is 37-40 ml/mu, the dosage of the 20% of pyraclostrobin is 23-25 g/mu, and the dosage of the 10% of difenoconazole water-dispersible granules is 12-15 g/mu; the second melon is divided into three parts by high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent, and is sprayed for one time in the morning and once in the evening of the day, and is sprayed for one time in the evening of the next day.
8. The method for artificially assisting pollination of thin-skin melons according to claim 1, wherein the high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent for the second batch of melons further comprises 2% of kasugamycin water dispersible granule, and the dosage of the 2% of kasugamycin water dispersible granule is 2-2.5 g/mu.
9. The method for artificial auxiliary pollination of thin-skin melons, which is characterized in that the third batch of melon high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer diluent comprises high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, potassium fulvate, 5% of amino oligosaccharin by mass and 20% of pyraclostrobin by mass, wherein the dosage of the high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 110-120 g/mu, the dosage of the potassium fulvate is 70-80 g/mu, the dosage of the amino oligosaccharin by mass is 27-30 ml/mu, and the dosage of the pyraclostrobin by mass is 20% of 13-15 g/mu.
10. The method for artificially assisting the pollination of the muskmelon according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the steps of sterilizing soil, spraying a soil sterilizing liquid 1 time for each picking batch of the muskmelon, wherein the dosage of the soil sterilizing liquid is 200-250 kg/mu, and the soil sterilizing liquid is 1000-1200 times of a 2% kasugamycin water dispersible granule.
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| CN202311109149.9A CN117413732A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Method for artificial assisting pollination of muskmelon |
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