CN117404063A - Oil displacement method for improving petroleum recovery ratio by combining microbial flooding and air flooding - Google Patents
Oil displacement method for improving petroleum recovery ratio by combining microbial flooding and air flooding Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004391 petroleum recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tertiary oil recovery, and belongs to an oil displacement method for improving petroleum recovery by combining microbial flooding and air flooding aiming at an oil field. Firstly, screening composite microbial bacterial liquid for experiments, then screening nutrient solution, then determining the optimal gas-liquid ratio and reaction time of the preparation of the oxygen-reduced air by a microbial method, preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microbial method, and finally, carrying out a physical simulated oil displacement experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the method for improving the oil recovery ratio by combining microbial flooding and air flooding. The invention has the advantages of effectively complementing the advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies of microbial flooding and air flooding, and lays a foundation for field test by combining the advantages of microbial flooding and air flooding with the improvement of recovery ratio.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of tertiary oil recovery, and belongs to an oil displacement method for improving petroleum recovery ratio by combining microbial flooding and air flooding.
The background technology is as follows:
in the water injection development process of the oil field, due to the oil-water viscosity difference, the oil reservoir plane and longitudinal non-uniformity and the unbalance of the oil injection well pattern, the problems of the water injection well bursting into and tongue entering into the oil production well along the high permeability layer are generated, the circulation efficiency of injected water is low, the low permeability area and the low permeability zone of the same layer in the oil reservoir are not swept, and a large amount of residual oil still exists. Under the condition, the research of the matched oil displacement technology capable of stabilizing the yield of the low-permeability field in the high-water-cut period is of great significance in reducing or slowing down the water content rising rate of the oil field, stabilizing the oil field yield and improving the recovery ratio of the whole low-permeability field.
The microbial flooding technology has the characteristics of wide application range, simple process, no pollution, low cost and the like, and is widely focused on students at home and abroad. Although the technology has a plurality of advantages and early starting, the current field test has limited improvement of recovery ratio. The low oxygen concentration in the oil layer makes the microorganism reproduce with low efficiency, which is an important reason for the non-ideal oil displacement effect of the microorganism injection mode for improving the recovery ratio in the oil field.
The air injection exploitation of light oil reservoirs is a new field of gas injection enhanced recovery technology, and has good development prospect in enhancing the recovery rate of low-permeability oil fields, particularly for low-permeability oil fields, air is easy to inject and does not cause clay expansion. Domestic air flooding requires that the oxygen volume ratio be reduced below 10% to be injected into the reservoir. The existing method for producing the oxygen-reduced air has the problems of large application limitation, poor economy, higher energy consumption and the like, and needs to research a new method which is more economical and effective.
By analyzing the technical characteristics of microbial flooding and air flooding, the following can be seen: the independent microorganism drives have the problems of slow metabolism and low swept volume of microorganisms, and the independent air drives have the hidden trouble of safety and the defect of gas channeling. Therefore, the invention combines the microorganism flooding technology and the air flooding technology, so that the advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies are effectively complemented, the oxygen in the air flooding technology promotes the growth and metabolism of the microorganism through the combination of the two technologies, the oil extraction efficiency of the microorganism flooding is improved, and meanwhile, the microorganism removes the oxygen in the air, thereby realizing the oxygen reduction air flooding and improving the air flooding safety.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides an oil displacement method for improving petroleum recovery ratio by combining microbial flooding and air flooding, which solves the problems of slow metabolism and low swept volume of microorganisms existing in the independent microbial flooding and the defects of unsafe and gas channeling existing in the independent air flooding.
An oil displacement method for improving oil recovery by combining microbial flooding and air flooding, comprising the following steps:
step 1: screening and evaluating the performance of the composite microorganism bacterial liquid;
step 2: screening a nutrient solution;
step 3: determining the optimal gas-liquid ratio and reaction time of the preparation of the oxygen-reduced air by a microbiological method;
step 4: preparing oxygen-reduced air by using a microbiological method;
step 5: and the physical simulation oil displacement experiment evaluates the effect of improving the oil recovery ratio by combining the microbial flooding and the air flooding.
The screening and performance evaluation method of the composite microbial liquid in the step 1 comprises the following steps: screening out the oil-polluted soil sample, oil field injection sewage and oil well produced liquid by an oil flat plate method; the screened strains are mixed according to equal proportion to obtain the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid, and the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid is purified and then the performance of the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid is evaluated.
The screening method of the nutrient solution in the step 2 comprises the following steps: screening is carried out by a method combining a single factor method, an orthogonal experiment method and a comprehensive index method.
The specific method of the step 3 is as follows: filling a plurality of same 1L stainless steel tanks with microorganism systems with different gas-liquid ratios, pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a high-purity air cylinder, and then standing and culturing at the formation temperature; and detecting the oxygen content in the gas in the stainless steel tank in different culture time, and finally enabling the gas-liquid ratio of the oxygen content in the gas in the stainless steel tank lower than 10% to be the optimal gas-liquid ratio for preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microbial method in the shortest time, wherein the culture time is the optimal reaction time for preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microbial method.
The preparation method of the oxygen-reduced air in the step 4 comprises the following specific steps: and (3) filling a 1-1L stainless steel tank with the microorganism system with the optimal gas-liquid ratio determined in the step (3), pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a high-purity air cylinder, and then performing stationary culture at the formation temperature for the optimal reaction time determined in the step (3).
The physical simulation oil displacement experiment in the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: vacuumizing, saturating water, saturating oil, flooding, injecting a microbial system, injecting oxygen-reducing air, closing culture and flooding.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the air is rapidly reduced in oxygen on the ground through microorganisms, so that the air flooding injection safety is improved;
under the condition of oxygen, the growth and metabolism of oil extraction microorganisms can be promoted, the effects of emulsifying crude oil and stripping oil films are improved, and finally the microbial oil displacement effect is improved;
the combination of the microbial flooding and the air flooding can play a role in foam flooding, and a mixed phase is formed by a microbial system, namely crude oil and air, so that the interfacial tension is reduced, and the crude oil in the small pore canal is replaced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows comparison of group compositions before and after the strain is screened to act on crude oil;
FIG. 2 shows comparison of metabolites after culturing A1 with different gas-liquid ratios;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of rheological properties of crude oil before and after the action of the compound microorganism oil displacement bacteria;
FIG. 4 comparison of gas production for orthogonal experiments;
FIG. 5 orthogonal experimental bacterial concentration comparison;
FIG. 6 rheological comparison of crude oil from orthogonal experiments;
figure 7 orthogonal test surface tension comparison.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description which follow: an oil displacement method for improving oil recovery by combining microbial flooding and air flooding, comprising the following steps:
step 1: screening and evaluating the performance of the composite microorganism bacterial liquid;
step 2: screening a nutrient solution;
step 3: determining the optimal gas-liquid ratio and reaction time of the preparation of the oxygen-reduced air by a microbiological method;
step 4: preparing oxygen-reduced air by using a microbiological method;
step 5: and the physical simulation oil displacement experiment evaluates the effect of improving the oil recovery ratio by combining the microbial flooding and the air flooding.
The screening and performance evaluation method of the composite microbial liquid in the step 1 comprises the following steps: screening out the oil-polluted soil sample, oil field injection sewage and oil well produced liquid by an oil flat plate method; the screened strains are mixed according to equal proportion to obtain the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid, and the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid is purified and then the performance of the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid is evaluated.
The screening method of the nutrient solution in the step 2 comprises the following steps: screening is carried out by a method combining a single factor method, an orthogonal experiment method and a comprehensive index method.
The specific method of the step 3 is as follows: filling a plurality of same 1L stainless steel tanks with microorganism systems with different gas-liquid ratios, pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a high-purity air cylinder, and then standing and culturing at the formation temperature; and detecting the oxygen content in the gas in the stainless steel tank in different culture time, and finally enabling the gas-liquid ratio of the oxygen content in the gas in the stainless steel tank lower than 10% to be the optimal gas-liquid ratio for preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microbial method in the shortest time, wherein the culture time is the optimal reaction time for preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microbial method.
The preparation method of the oxygen-reduced air in the step 4 comprises the following specific steps: and (3) filling a 1-1L stainless steel tank with the microorganism system with the optimal gas-liquid ratio determined in the step (3), pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a high-purity air cylinder, and then performing stationary culture at the formation temperature for the optimal reaction time determined in the step (3).
The physical simulation oil displacement experiment in the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: vacuumizing, saturating water, saturating oil, flooding, injecting a microbial system, injecting oxygen-reducing air, closing culture and flooding.
Example 1
a. Screening and performance evaluation of composite microorganism bacterial liquid
(1) Enrichment culture of samples
Sampling from petroleum polluted soil sample, oil field injection sewage and oil well produced liquid, inoculating into enrichment culture medium, and enrichment culturing on shaking table at 45deg.C and rotation speed of 120rpm for 5-7 days. Wherein the enrichment medium comprises the following components: 0.1-1%, naH2PO4:0.1-0.5%, (NH 4) 2SO4:0.05-0.2%, mgSO4.7H2O: 0.01-0.5%, feCl2:0.001-0.01%, caCl2:0.001-0.01%, yeast extract powder: 0.02-0.2%, 0.5-20% of crude oil, regulating pH of the culture medium to 6.8-7.5 after preparation, and sterilizing with high pressure steam at 121deg.C for 15-20min.
Screening and purifying of petroleum degrading bacteria in composite microbial bacteria liquid
The strain is screened by utilizing an oil flat plate selection culture medium, and the preparation process of the oil flat plate selection culture medium comprises the following steps: adding 1.5-2% agar into the enrichment culture medium in (1), sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15-20min, preparing a flat plate under aseptic condition, pouring diluted crude oil into the prepared flat plate, wherein the adding amount of the crude oil is 1ml of crude oil/L culture medium, and uniformly spreading the crude oil on the surface of an inorganic salt flat plate for solidification, thus completing the preparation. The enriched culture solution in the step (1) is uniformly coated on an oil flat plate selective culture medium, and the oil reservoir temperature is 45 ℃ for 3-5 days, so that the utilization of crude oil in a growing area can be obviously seen, and a crude oil layer on the flat plate becomes thinner to form a transparent ring. Single colonies forming transparent circles were selected, observed under a microscope, and if not purified, purified again using an oil plate selection medium until pure colonies were obtained. As no carbon source is added except crude oil in the selective culture of the oil flat plate, the screened strains are petroleum degradation strains growing by taking crude oil as the only carbon source. Then inoculating the obtained pure bacteria into crude oil liquid culture medium, wherein the composition of the pure bacteria is the same as that of the enrichment culture medium, and shake culturing is carried out at 45 ℃ and 120rpm for 5-7 days, preferably 10 beads are selected to obviously deepen the color of the culture medium, eliminate the oil-water interface, and the crude oil does not adhere to pure bacteria B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9 and B10 on the bottle wall after the action.
The growth condition of the fungus beads is identified by using thioglycolate culture medium, and the experimental result shows that the selected oil extraction functional bacteria are facultative or aerobic bacteria and have no absolute anaerobic bacteria.
The screened strains B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10 and the like are mixed in proportion to obtain the experimental compound microorganism bacterial liquid A1, and then crude oil properties and metabolites of the experimental compound microorganism bacterial liquid are analyzed under the condition of different gas-liquid ratios.
(3) Evaluation of the Performance of the seed
The fermentation broth of the selected strain is detected, and the result shows that the selected degrading strain can degrade heavy components in crude oil to generate a large amount of small molecular organic acids such as formic acid, acetate and the like. After degrading bacteria, the aromatic hydrocarbon is reduced by 13% at most, the asphaltene is reduced by 31.3% at most, the viscosity reduction rate is up to 38% at most, the fluidity of the crude oil is good, and the experimental results are shown in figures 1, 2 and 3.
The surface activity of the strain fermentation broth is detected, the surface tension value is as low as 26.52mN/m, the strain fermentation broth has good surface activity, and the result is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 measurement of surface tension of bacterial fermentation broths
| Sample name | Surface tension (mN/m) |
| Blank space | 63.63 |
| B1 | 26.52 |
| B2 | 30.54 |
| B3 | 28.23 |
| B4 | 26.77 |
| B5 | 28.47 |
| B6 | 30.47 |
| B7 | 29.32 |
| B8 | 26.60 |
| B9 | 28.11 |
| B10 | 26.91 |
b. Screening of nutrient solutions
(1) Determination of carbon source, nitrogen source and regulatory factor in nutrient solution
The comprehensive indexes of all the formulas are calculated through single factor experiments, the types of carbon sources, nitrogen sources and regulatory factors in a culture system are determined, the experimental results are shown in tables 2-3, and the carbon sources, the nitrogen sources and the regulatory factors in the formulas are the higher comprehensive indexes in the tables.
TABLE 2 optimization of carbon sources in nutrient solutions
TABLE 3 optimization of nitrogen sources in nutrient solutions
TABLE 4 optimization of regulatory factors in nutrient solutions
(2) Optimization of nutrient solution formula
Based on the single factor experiment, an orthogonal experiment is carried out to further optimize the nutrient solution. Four-factor three-level orthogonal experiments were designed. The experimental results are shown in fig. 4-7.
As can be seen from the figures: the formula 9 has larger gas yield, the hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria after the culture of the formulas 1 and 7 have higher concentration, the total bacteria of the formula 3 have higher concentration, the rheological property of the crude oil after the culture of the formula 5 is better improved, and the surface tension of the fermentation liquor after the culture of the formula 4 is lowest.
And (5) selecting indexes of fungus concentration, gas production, viscosity and surface tension by using a comprehensive index method, performing data processing on the orthogonal experimental result, and carrying out weight assignment to obtain an optimal nutrient solution formula, wherein the experimental result is shown in Table 5. The formula with the highest comprehensive index in the table is the optimal nutrient solution formula, namely formula 9 is the optimal nutrient solution formula.
TABLE 5 score table for each index of orthogonal experiments
c. Determining the optimal gas-liquid ratio and reaction time of the microbial process for preparing oxygen-reduced air
5 identical 1L stainless steel tanks are filled with a microbial system with the volume gas-liquid ratios of 4, 9, 19, 29 and 49, then a high-purity air cylinder is used for pressurizing to the formation pressure, then the microbial system is subjected to closed static culture at the formation temperature, and the oxygen content in the gas in each stainless steel tank is detected in different culture times, so that the results are shown in Table 6. From the detection result, when the gas-liquid ratio is 4, the oxygen content in the gas in the stainless steel container can be reduced to be below the safety limit of 10% within 1 day. Therefore, the optimal gas-liquid ratio for preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microbial method is determined to be 4, and the preparation time is 1 day.
TABLE 6 comparison of oxygen content at different growth stages of oil recovery microorganisms under formation pressure
d. Preparation of oxygen-reduced air
The specific process is that a 1L stainless steel tank is filled with a microorganism system with a volume gas-liquid ratio of 4, then a high-purity air cylinder is used for pressurizing to the formation pressure, then the microorganism system is subjected to static culture at the formation temperature, and after the microorganism system is cultured for 1 day, the microorganism system is ready to be injected into a rock core.
e. Physical simulation oil displacement experiment for evaluating effect of improving petroleum recovery rate by combining microbial flooding and air flooding
Physical simulation experiments of long pipe cores with the volume gas-liquid ratios of 19, 29 and 49 are carried out, and the experimental results are shown in Table 7. The experimental core is a bailey core with the length of 30cm and the diameter of 2.5cm, and then three cores are connected in series for experiment. The experimental water is water injected into the low-permeability reservoir, and the oil is simulated oil of the low-permeability reservoir. The specific experimental process comprises the following steps: vacuumizing, saturating with water, saturating with oil, driving with water, injecting into a microorganism system, injecting into oxygen-reducing air, closing culture, and driving with water.
The long pipe core experiment result shows that under the condition of combining the microorganism flooding and the air flooding with different gas-liquid ratios, the recovery ratio improvement range is more than 7 percent, and the recovery ratio improvement range is increased along with the increase of the volume gas-liquid ratio, and when the volume gas-liquid ratio is 49, the recovery ratio is improved by 17.58 percent.
Table 7 results of experiments on microbial flooding and air flooding combined long tube bailey core displacement
Claims (10)
1. An oil displacement method for improving petroleum recovery by combining microbial flooding and air flooding is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: screening and evaluating the performance of the composite microorganism bacterial liquid;
step 2: screening a nutrient solution;
step 3: determining the optimal gas-liquid ratio and reaction time of the preparation of the oxygen-reduced air by a microbiological method;
step 4: preparing oxygen-reduced air by using a microbiological method;
step 5: and the physical simulation oil displacement experiment evaluates the effect of improving the oil recovery ratio by combining the microbial flooding and the air flooding.
2. The oil displacement method for improving oil recovery by combining microbial flooding and air flooding according to claim 1, wherein the oil displacement method comprises the following steps: the screening and performance evaluation method of the composite microbial liquid in the step 1 comprises the following steps: screening out the oil-polluted soil sample, oil field injection sewage and oil well produced liquid by an oil flat plate method; the screened strains are mixed according to equal proportion to obtain the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid, and the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid is purified and then the performance of the compound microorganism oil displacement bacterial liquid is evaluated.
3. The method for oil displacement by combining microbial flooding and air flooding to improve oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the screening method of the nutrient solution in the step 2 comprises the following steps: screening is carried out by a method combining a single factor method, an orthogonal experiment method and a comprehensive index method.
4. The method for oil displacement by combining microbial flooding and air flooding to improve oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific method of the step 3 is as follows: filling a plurality of same 1L stainless steel tanks with microorganism systems with different gas-liquid ratios, pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a high-purity air cylinder, and then standing and culturing at the formation temperature; and detecting the oxygen content in the gas in the stainless steel tank in different culture time, and finally enabling the gas-liquid ratio of the oxygen content in the gas in the stainless steel tank lower than 10% to be the optimal gas-liquid ratio for preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microorganism method in the shortest time, wherein the culture time is the optimal reaction time for preparing the oxygen-reduced air by the microorganism method.
5. The method for oil displacement using a combination of microbial flooding and air flooding to enhance oil recovery according to claim 4, wherein: the microbial system comprises the compound biological oil displacement bacterial liquid screened in the step 1 and the nutrient solution screened in the step 2.
6. The method for oil displacement by combining microbial flooding and air flooding to improve oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the oxygen-reduced air in the step 4 comprises the following specific steps: and (3) filling a 1-1L stainless steel tank with the microorganism system with the optimal gas-liquid ratio determined in the step (3), pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a high-purity air cylinder, and then performing stationary culture at the formation temperature for the optimal reaction time determined in the step (3).
7. The method for oil displacement using a combination of microbial flooding and air flooding to enhance oil recovery according to claim 6, wherein: the microbial system comprises the compound microbial liquid screened in the step 1 and the nutrient solution screened in the step 2.
8. The method for oil displacement by combining microbial flooding and air flooding to improve oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the physical simulation oil displacement experiment in the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: vacuumizing, saturating with water, saturating with oil, driving with water, injecting into a microorganism system, injecting into oxygen-reducing air, closing culture, and driving with water.
9. The method for oil displacement using a combination of microbial flooding and air flooding to enhance oil recovery according to claim 8, wherein: the microbial system comprises the compound microbial liquid screened in the step 1 and the nutrient solution screened in the step 2.
10. The method for oil displacement using a combination of microbial flooding and air flooding to enhance oil recovery according to claim 8, wherein: the oxygen-reduced air is the oxygen-reduced air prepared in the step 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210799454.4A CN117404063A (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Oil displacement method for improving petroleum recovery ratio by combining microbial flooding and air flooding |
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