CN117402892A - 梨Pybbx24基因突变及其矮化功能的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了梨Pybbx24基因及其矮化功能的应用。一种分离自‘红早酥’及其F1分离后代的矮化系具有促进梨树植株矮化生长的转录因子Pybbx24,属于B‑Box家族成员,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID No.1所示,其编码的氨基酸序列为序列表SEQ ID No.2所示。通过农杆菌介导遗传转化方法将Pybbx24基因稳定转化拟南芥和大叶烟草。经分子生物学功能验证,表明本发明克隆的Pybbx24基因具有调控植株矮化生长的功能。该基因的发现,为分子育种提供更高效地途径,为矮化树型的分子育种提供新的基因资源,为实施绿色农业提供新的遗传资源,该遗传资源的开发利用有利于降低农业成本和实现环境友好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于植物基因工程领域,涉及梨Pybbx24基因及其矮化功能的应用,具体涉及从‘红早酥’梨及‘红早酥’ב翠玉’F1分离群体的矮化系中分离、克隆得到一个与梨树矮化生长调控相关的B-box基因家族成员Pybbx24基因及其应用。
背景技术
梨(Pyrus spp.)起源于我国,具有丰富的种质资源,至少有22种已知的梨属植物,超过5000种在世界各地编目或保存1。除海南省外,其他各个地区均有梨的栽培,尤其是在我国的河北、安徽及江苏等省份,栽培面积甚广。与其他果树类似,梨具有高度的遗传杂合性,主要通过嫁接繁殖以保持品种的优良性状。矮化是减少果园劳动力需求和果树管理成本的重要性状,其允许果树实施高密度栽培以提高产量2,3。因此,培育矮化梨新品种,对丰富矮化梨种质资源,减少果园管理成本,通过梨树高密度栽培增加果实产量,满足不断增长的消费者需求意义重大。
在果树中,已鉴定出多个矮化(Dw)位点,如桃中的Dw,由第6染色体上GID1c基因的无义隐性突变引起3。在苹果砧木'M9'中,LG5上的Dw1和LG11上的Dw2两个主效QTL主要控制矮化4。而西洋梨的Dw由定位于LG16的单个显性基因决定的5。在砧木诱导的矮化梨中,Dw1的遗传控制位于LG5和LG6上,与苹果Dw1位点具有共线性4,6。尽管有多个候选基因和QTL与水果作物的植株矮化相关,但对其潜在机制知之甚少。一些转录因子也参与果树作物株高的调控。在苹果中,MdWRKY9过表达通过直接抑制MdDWF4的转录诱导矮化,导致苹果砧木'M26'中BR介导的矮化7。最近的报道表明,梨转录因子PcBZR1和PcBZR2能够抑制阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白PcAGP的转录,从而抑制茎的伸长,导致梨树植株矮化8。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一个调控梨树植株矮化性状的Pybbx24基因。
本发明的另一目的是提供该基因的应用。
本发明的目的可通过以下技术方案实现:
一种分离自‘红早酥’梨及其F1分离群体矮化株系中具有促进植株矮化生长功能的Pybbx24基因,属于B-Box家族成员,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID No.1所示,包含615bp的开放阅读框;编码205个氨基酸,其编码的氨基酸序列为序列表SEQ ID No.2所示,等电点为4.36,分子量为22.080kDa。
含有本发明所述Pybbx24的重组表达载体。
所述的重组表达载体包含两种。其一,其特征以pSAK277为出发载体,所述Pybbx24的插入位点为EcoRⅠ和HindⅢ之间,命名为Pybbx24-pSAK277。其二,其特征以pCAMBINA1301为出发载体,所述Pybbx24的插入位点为XbaⅠ和BamHⅠ之间,命名为Pybbx24-pCAMBINA1301。
构建所述基因的重组表达载体所用的引物对。其中构建Pybbx24-pSAK277载体的正向引物为Pybbx24-PCR-F1,其序列为SEQ ID No.3所示;反向引物为Pybbx24-PCR-R1,其序列为SEQ ID No.4所示。构建Pybbx24-pCAMBINA1301载体的正向引物为Pybbx24-PCR-F2,其序列为SEQ ID No.5所示;反向引物为Pybbx24-PCR-R2,其序列为SEQ ID No.6所示。
含有本发明所述Pybbx24基因的基因工程菌。
本发明所述Pybbx24基因调控植株矮化中的应用。
本发明所述基因的重组表达载体在植株矮化中的应用。
本发明所述的基因工程菌在植株矮化中的应用。
有益效果
本研究中,申请者观察到‘红早酥’ב翠玉’F1梨F1群体具有植株高矮分离的表型。为了解析F1群体矮化的遗传机制,申请者通过对F1群体进行BSA和QTL分析,将控制植株矮化的性状定位在4号染色体上。进一步对‘早酥’,‘红早酥’和‘翠玉’进行了全基因组重测序,并通过对4号染色体区域进行基因组结构变异分析和比较,最终筛选到一个锌指蛋白家族的B-Box基因,申请者将该基因命名为PyBBX24。在‘红早酥’及其F1群体的矮化苗中,PyBBX24基因的第三个外显子上具有14bp的缺失,申请者将突变基因命名为Pybbx24。该14bp的缺失导致其移码突变,从而引起PyBBX24蛋白提前终止翻译,并且失去了该基因C端的两个结构域,分别为核定位信号(NLS)和缬氨酸-脯氨酸(VP)结构域。利用瞬时和稳定转化体系,证明了过表达Pybbx24导致了拟南芥和烟草植株矮化的表型。该研究为果树重要品质性状和复杂农艺性状提供研究策略和方法,该基因的发现为植株矮化,并为许多作物通过基因编辑创造矮化植株提供基因资源。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点和效果:
1.Pybbx24基因的发现,为作物矮化株型的分子育种提供新的基因资源,为实施绿色农业提供新的遗传资源,该遗传资源的开发利用有利于降低农业成本和实现环境友好。
2.通过农杆菌介导遗传转化方法稳定转基因拟南芥和烟草,获得稳定转基因植株。。经生物学功能验证,表明本发明克隆的基因Pybbx24基因具有促进植株矮化的功能。
附图说明
图1和图2为本发明实施例1的载体示意图。
图3为PCR验证PyBBX24基因编码区域上具有14bp缺失,该缺失序列仅存在于‘红早酥’梨及其F1矮化株系后代中。其中,182bp代表引物扩增出的PyBBX24的编码区域,168bp代表扩增出的PyBBX24缺失14bp后的序列长度,即Pybbx24的编码区域。‘RZS’指‘红早酥’梨。‘CY’指‘翠玉’梨。‘D’代表矮化株系后代,‘S’代表标准高度株系后代,数字代表群体植株的编号,依次类推。
图4为本发明Pybbx24基因稳定转基因拟南芥的功能分析。
其中:A,Pybbx24在稳定转基因拟南芥和野生型中的相对表达量。B,Pybbx24稳定转基因拟南芥和野生型的株高的表型。C,Pybbx24基因稳定转基因拟南芥和野生型拟南芥的株高。
图5为本发明Pybbx24基因稳定转基因烟草的功能分析。
其中:A,Pybbx24,PyBBX24在稳定转基因烟草中和空载对照的叶片和花中的相对表达量。B,Pybbx24,PyBBX24转基因烟草和空载对照的在移栽后48天的株高的表型。C,Pybbx24,PyBBX24转基因烟草和空载对照的在移栽后3、10、30和48天的株高测定。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做出详细的描述。根据以下的描述和这些实施例,本领域技术人员可以确定本发明的基本特征,并且在不偏离本发明精神和范围的情况下,可以对本发明做出各种改变和修改,以使其适用各种用途和条件。
实施例1‘红早酥’梨及其F1群体矮化株系中的Pybbx24克隆
以亚洲红皮梨‘红早酥’(P.bretschneideri)及‘红早酥’ב翠玉’(P.pyrifolia)F1分离群体为试验材料。申请者对该群体进行了BSA和QTL定位,将植株矮化的性状定位在4号染色体上。进一步对亲本‘红早酥’和‘翠玉’梨进行全基因组重测序以及结构变异分析,结果表明B-box候选基因PyBBX24在‘红早酥’和F1矮化株系中存在14bp缺失的等位变异,即Pybbx24。该突变位于PyBBX24基因的第三个外显子上,并导致移码突变,提前终止翻译。而在‘翠玉’梨及F1群体的标准高度的株系中并未发现该突变。总RNA的提取采用试剂盒法(Sigma),方法参见试剂盒说明书,并通过琼脂糖胶和分光光度计和检测总RNA的质量和浓度。分别取1μg‘红早酥’,‘翠玉’及F1群体的矮化和标准高度株系的叶片RNA,根据one-stepgDNA removal and cDNA synthesis kit(Vazyme,China)方法进行反转录,方法具体步骤参照说明书。将cDNA稀释5倍,50μL的反应体系中包括1μL稀释后的cDNA,25μL 2×PhantaMax Buffer缓冲液,1μL 10mM dNTP,1μL Phanta Max Super-Fidelity DNA Polymeras e(1U/μl),10μM 2μL上述引物。PCR反应在eppendorf扩增仪上按以下程序完成,95℃,预变性5分钟,95℃变性15秒,60℃退火15秒,72℃延伸1分钟,30个热循环,72℃延伸5分钟。
PCR产物经1.5%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测后,用胶回收试剂盒(Vayme,China)回收目的DNA片段。回收纯化的DNA溶液与酶切好的pSAK277和pCAMBINA1301载体分别进行连接反应,重组酶使用ClonExpress Entry One Step Cloning Kit(Vayme,China),方法按照试剂盒说明书。连接反应体系总体积是10μL,其中包括2μL纯化的DNA片段,3μL线性化pSAK277和pCAMBINA1301载体,1μL连接酶,2μL 5×CE II Buffer。37℃连接30分钟。取5μL连接产物,采用热激法转化大肠杆菌DH5α。对于Pybbx24-pSAK277载体的构建,在含有50mg/L壮观霉素的LB固体平板中筛选阳性克隆。对于Pybbx24-pCAMBINA1301载体的构建,在含有50mg/L卡那霉素的LB固体平板中筛选阳性克隆。分别挑取12个单克隆,经过菌落PCR鉴定完成提质粒进行测序(由上海生工生物技术公司完成)。测序结果表明,在‘红早酥’梨及其F1矮化株系中,除分离到完整序列的PyBBX24外,也分离出14bp缺失导致的突变基因Pybbx24(图3)。Pybbx24基因全长为618bp,其核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1所示,能编码205个氨基酸残基的蛋白,序列为SEQ ID NO.2所示,预测蛋白的等电点为4.36,分子量为22.080kDa。
应用冻融法将重组载体Pybbx24-pSAK277和Pybbx24-pCAMBINA1301导入到农杆菌EHA105菌株中。蛋白序列比对发现,PyBBX24属于B-box家族中BBX转录因子,在N端区域具有保守的两个B-box结构域,而C端区域是高度特异的氨基酸序列,含有一个核定位序列(NLS)和一个缬氨酸-脯氨酸(VP)基序。同源性分析表明,PyBBX24的氨基酸序列与拟南芥中的AtBBX24同源性为62.1%。但并未见相关文献报道Pybbx24调控植株矮化的分子机制。
实施例2‘红早酥’梨及其F1群体矮化株系中的Pybbx24片段缺失的鉴定
分别取‘红早酥’,‘翠玉’及F1群体的矮化和标准高度株系的叶片提取DNA。总DNA的提取采用试剂盒法(Vazyme,China),方法参见试剂盒说明书,并通过琼脂糖胶和分光光度计和检测总DNA的质量和浓度。扩增Pybbx24基因的编码区域的引物对为SEQ ID No.3和SEQ ID No.4,及SEQ ID No.5和SEQ ID No.6。分别取10ng‘红早酥’,‘翠玉’及F1群体的矮化和标准高度株系的DNA,扩增Pybbx24的部分序列,所用的引物对为SEQ ID No.7和SEQ IDNo.8。PyBBX24部分序列克隆的PCR产物通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,银染和显影后,可观察Pybbx24的片段缺失仅存在于矮化株系中(图3)。
实施例3过表达拟南芥和烟草中Pybbx24的表达量分析
以转基因Pybbx24的拟南芥和烟草为试验材料。总RNA的提取采用试剂盒法(Sigma),方法参见试剂盒说明书,并通过琼脂糖胶和分光光度计和检测总RNA的质量和浓度。分别取1μg转基因Pybbx24的拟南芥幼苗,及转基因Pybbx24的烟草叶片和花的RNA,根据one-step gDNA removal and cDNA synthesis kit(Vazyme,China)方法进行反转录,制备了1000ng的总RNA用于合成第一链cDNA,方法具体步骤参照说明书。取卡那霉素抗性的烟草T0代阳性植株叶片提取RNA后,Real-time Quantitative(RT-qPCR)检测Pybbx24表达量,引物对为Pybbx24-qPCR-F和Pybbx24-qPCR-R,序列如SEQ ID NO.9和SEQ ID NO.10所示。代表性3株Pybbx24-OE拟南芥株系(OE-1、OE-4、OE-7)存在较高的表达量,而WT对照几乎未检测出表达量(图4)。代表性3株Pybbx24-OE烟草株系(OE-1、OE-3、OE-4),及3株PyBBX24-OE烟草株系(OE-1、OE-2、OE-10)存在较高的表达量(图5),而空载对照(EV-8、EV-10、EV-15)几乎无表达量。PyBBX24转基因烟草和空载pSAK277作为对照,检测PyBBX24表达量所用的引物对为Pybbx24-qPCR-F和Pybbx24-qPCR-R,序列如SEQ ID NO.11和SEQ IDNO.12所示。荧光定量试剂盒购自Roche公司。RT-qPCR所用仪器为Roche 480定量PCR仪,反应体系为10μl,包括5μl2×SYBRI Master(Roche),3μl 5μmol引物和0.2μl cDNA。PCR程序采用Light Cycler480实时PCR仪,95℃30s为1个循环,95℃3s,60℃30s,40个循环。以拟南芥基因AtUBQ和烟草基因PyTUB为内参。采用2^ΔΔCt法分析基因的相对表达水平9。
实施例4Pybbx24过表达拟南芥的表型
稳定转化拟南芥实验是为了验证候选基因的功能。过表达Pybbx24所用的重组载体为Pybbx24-pCAMBINA1301,具体操作方法为沾花法侵染Col-0拟南芥10。简单来说,将含有Pybbx24-pCAMBINA1301的EHA105菌株活化到含有卡那霉素和利福平的固体LB平板上,于28℃培养箱倒置培养36-48小时。用无菌接种环取一环新鲜菌株,置于含50ml对应抗性的液体LB的三角瓶中,于28℃220rpm转速过夜摇菌。次日离心收集菌体。将菌体重悬在同等体积的侵染液【1/2MS;5%蔗糖(W/V);10μg/L 6-BA;用KOH调pH到5.8;0.025%表面活性剂(V/V)】中,调至OD600=0.8至1.0。将待转化的拟南芥剪去角果和已开放的花。把拟南芥花序浸泡在含有菌体的MS侵染液中,用真空抽滤泵抽真空到380mm汞柱,浸泡5分钟;随后室温下暗处理过夜,置于放在22℃、长日照(16小时光照/8小时黑暗)条件下培养,收取种子。取潮霉素抗性两周大的拟南芥T1代阳性植株,取幼嫩叶片提取RNA后,用荧光定量PCR检测Pybbx24表达量,引物为Pybbx24-PCR-F3和Pybbx24-PCR-R3,序列如SEQ ID NO.7和SEQ ID NO.8所示。代表性3株Pybbx24-OE株系(OE-1、OE-4、OE-7)存在较高的表达量(图4A),它们的纯合子用于后续实验。T2代纯合子种子与野生型种子经过消毒一起播到了发芽培养基【MS;3%蔗糖(W/V);0.75%琼脂(W/V)】上。种子发芽后将幼苗种到营养土中,放在22±2℃、长日照(16小时光照/8小时黑暗)条件下培养。每个株系随机选取至少10株,于3周和6周测定其高度,其高度显著低于野生型(图4B和4C)。
实施例5Pybbx24过表达大叶烟草的表型
稳定转化大叶烟草(N.tabacum)是为了进一步验证Pybbx24在植株矮化方面的功能。稳定转化大叶烟草所用的重组载体为Pybbx24-pSAK277,将含有目的基因Pybbx24,PyBBX24及空载的EHA105菌株活化到含有壮观霉素和利福平的固体LB平板上,于28℃培养箱倒置培养36-48小时。用无菌接种环取一环新鲜菌株,置于含50ml对应抗性的液体LB的三角瓶中,于28℃220rpm转速过夜摇菌。次日收集菌液,在超净工作台中用MS侵染液重悬起来,调至OD600=0.8至1.0。用50mL离心管5000rpm离心20分钟收集菌体。将菌体重悬在同等体积的MS侵染液中。将待转化的大叶烟草叶片切成小块。把切好的大叶烟草叶片浸泡在含有菌体的MS侵染液中,浸泡5分钟,滤干多余的菌液,置于含有150μM乙酰丁香酮的MS培养基上共培养48h,随后转移到含有1mg/L6-BA,0.1mg/L NAA,300mg/L特美汀以及150mg/L的卡那霉素筛选培养基上,置于放在22±2℃、长日照(16小时光照/8小时黑暗)条件下培养至再生植株,并生根移栽。将幼苗种到营养土中,放在22±2℃、长日照(16小时光照/8小时黑暗)条件下培养。每个株系随机选取至少10株,于移栽后3、10、30和48天分别测定其高度。Pybbx24-OE株系的高度显著低于PyBBX24-OE株系和空载对照,而PyBBX24-OE株系的高度和空载对照无显著性差异(图5B和5C)。
主要参考文献
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Claims (9)
1.一种具有调控梨树植株矮化功能的Pybbx24基因,其特征在于核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNo.1所示。
2.权利要求1所述的Pybbx24基因编码的蛋白,其特征在于氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNo.2所示。
3.含有权利要求1所述Pybbx24基因的重组表达载体。
4.根据权利要求3所述的重组表达载体,其特征在于所述的重组表达载体以pSAK277为出发载体,将权利要求1所述基因插入EcoR I和HindⅢ之间所得;或者以pCAMBIA1301为出发载体,将权利要求1所述基因插入Xba I和BamHI之间所得。
5.含有权利要求1所述Pybbx24基因的基因工程菌。
6.根据权利要求3所述的基因工程菌,其特征在于所述的基因工程菌为含有权利要求3或4所述的重组表达载体的基因工程菌。
7.根据权利要求6所述的基因工程菌,其特征在于所述的宿主菌为农杆菌,优选农杆菌EHA105。
8.权利要求1所述的Pybbx24基因所用到的克隆引物对,其特征在于选自以下任意一组:(I)上游引物为Pybbx24-PCR-F1,序列为SEQ ID No.3所示;下游引物为Pybbx24-PCR-R1,序列为SEQ ID No.4所示;(II)上游引物为Pybbx24-PCR-F2,序列为SEQ ID No.5所示,下游引物为Pybbx24-PCR-R2,序列为SEQ ID No.6所示。
9.权利要求1所述的Pybbx24基因及其矮化功能、权利要求3所述的重组表达载体、权利要求5所述的基因工程菌在植株矮化中的应用。
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