CN117367527A - Metering method capable of improving reliability of ultrasonic water meter - Google Patents
Metering method capable of improving reliability of ultrasonic water meter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic water meter flow measurement, and discloses a metering method capable of improving the reliability of an ultrasonic water meter, which comprises the following steps: determining an optimal center working frequency before leaving a factory; collecting signals received by a transducer, calculating envelope characteristic parameters, and performing least square fitting to obtain a fitting formula; collecting water meter data after formal operation, and calculating a characteristic value; if the relative deviation of the front value and the rear value is greater than half of the maximum allowable error, calculating an envelope characteristic parameter; otherwise, the flow rate is directly calculated. And comparing the fitting value of the envelope characteristic parameter with the calculated value, and further executing the subsequent flow. And calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream ultrasonic signal and the downstream ultrasonic signal, and further calculating the flow rate. The invention defines the characteristic value of the water meter, the characteristic value change triggers the detection mode to extract the envelope characteristic parameter and adaptively adjusts the central working frequency, solves the problem of precision reduction after the central working frequency is shifted due to the aging of the transducer, does not need to input extra manpower and economy, improves the reliability of the water meter, and realizes the calibration-free operation in the running period of the water meter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic water meter flow measurement, in particular to a metering method capable of improving the reliability of an ultrasonic water meter.
Background
The ultrasonic water meter is widely applied in civil and industrial fields due to the advantages of high metering precision, wide measuring range ratio, small pressure loss and the like, and calculates the flow velocity through the propagation time difference of ultrasonic signals received by the upstream transducer and the downstream transducer. The transducer is used as a key device for signal receiving and transmitting, and the performance of the transducer can directly influence the metering accuracy of the ultrasonic water meter. In the running process of the ultrasonic water meter, the transducer can be continuously aged, so that the central working frequency is shifted, the ultrasonic water meter generates calculation errors, and the metering accuracy is reduced. For the aging problem of the transducer, the traditional method is to adjust the initial center working frequency through the design of the transducer, and control the frequency shift range caused by aging so as to slow down the influence of the frequency shift; the metering precision in the operation period of the ultrasonic water meter is guaranteed through secondary calibration, so that a great amount of labor investment and production cost are obviously increased, and the requirement of the ultrasonic water meter on the ultra-long-service-life transducer cannot be fundamentally met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and drawbacks existing in the prior art, the invention provides a metering method capable of improving the reliability of an ultrasonic water meter, which is used for adaptively adjusting the central working frequency according to envelope characteristic parameters, so as to solve the problem of reduced metering precision caused by the deviation of the central working frequency when a transducer is aged, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the ultrasonic water meter.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme.
A metering method capable of improving the reliability of an ultrasonic water meter comprises the following steps.
S1, determining the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep under the condition of still water or stable flow speed before leaving the factory of the ultrasonic water meter.
S2, after the optimal center working frequency is set, collecting signals received by the upstream transducer and the downstream transducer of the ultrasonic water meter under different temperatures and flow rates, calculating envelope characteristic parameters, and carrying out least square fitting on the envelope characteristic parameters under different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula.
And S3, collecting ultrasonic water meter data after the ultrasonic water meter is formally powered on and operated, and calculating an ultrasonic water meter characteristic value V once every time the data is collected.
V=f（flow，SNR，RD Temp ）。
Wherein flow is the accumulated flow, SNR is the received signal to noise ratio, RD Temp The relative deviation of the measured temperature acquired this time and the previous time is shown.
S4, comparing the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter calculated in this time with the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter calculated in the previous time.
If the relative deviation of the ultrasonic water meter characteristic values calculated in the front and the back is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error, calculating envelope characteristic parameters from the acquired ultrasonic water meter data; otherwise, the process goes to step S6.
S5, obtaining a fitting value of the envelope characteristic parameter from the current temperature and the current flow rate through a fitting formula, and comparing the fitting value with a calculated value.
And A, if the relative deviation between the fitting value and the calculated value of the envelope characteristic parameter is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error and is in a still water environment, executing the following steps.
A1, resetting the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep.
A2, measuring and calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals for a period of time.
A3, the calculated result of the A2 is differenced with the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals acquired in the step S3.
And A4, taking the difference result as a compensation value for the next calculation of the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals.
And B, if the relative deviation between the fitting value and the calculated value of the envelope characteristic parameter is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error and is not in a still water environment, executing the following steps.
B1, waiting for the non-hydrostatic environment to change into the hydrostatic environment.
And B2, resetting the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep.
B3, measuring and calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals for a period of time.
And B4, the calculated result of the step B3 is differenced from the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals acquired in the step S3.
And B5, taking the difference result as a compensation value for the next calculation of the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals.
And C, if not, jumping to the step S6.
S6, calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream ultrasonic signal and the downstream ultrasonic signal, and further calculating the flow velocity by combining the measured temperature.
Preferably, the method for determining the optimal center operating frequency by frequency sweep in the step S1 is as follows.
S1-1, defining an excitation frequency range and a step size.
S1-2, after excitation frequencies are set in the ultrasonic water meter, the upstream and downstream transducers of the ultrasonic water meter are collected through the collector to receive signals until the collection of the received signals under all the excitation frequencies is completed.
S1-3, drawing a change relation graph of the peak value of the received signal along with the excitation frequency, wherein the excitation frequency corresponding to the maximum value of the peak value of the received signal is the optimal center working frequency.
Preferably, the envelope characteristic parameter in the steps S2 and S4 includes an envelope frequency freq E And an envelope phase phi.
Envelope frequency。
Envelope phase。
Extracting an upper envelope of a received signal by using a Hilbert transform method or a maximum value method, carrying out FFT operation on the upper envelope of the received signal, taking a module of an operation result, and obtaining a position index corresponding to the maximum value of the module taking result as index; f (f) s Is the sampling rate; n is the array length of the envelope on the signal; imag is the imaginary part of the FFT operation result, and real is the real part of the FFT operation result.
Least square fitting is carried out on envelope frequencies at different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula freq E =f (v, temp); least squares fitting is performed on the envelope phases at different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula phi=f (v, temp).
Where v is the metering flow rate and Temp is the metering temperature.
Preferably, the ultrasonic water meter data collected in the step S3 includes a measured flow rate, an accumulated flow, a measured temperature, an upstream and a downstream transducer receiving signal, and an upstream and a downstream ultrasonic signal propagation time difference.
Preferably, the relative deviation of the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter in the step S4。
V in i For the ultrasonic water meter characteristic value calculated at this time, V i-1 And the characteristic value of the ultrasonic water meter calculated last time is obtained.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the characteristic value of the ultrasonic water meter is defined, the detection mode is triggered by the characteristic value change of the ultrasonic water meter, the characteristic parameter of the envelope of the ultrasonic signal is extracted, and the central working frequency is adaptively adjusted according to the characteristic parameter, so that the problem that the metering precision is reduced after the central working frequency is deviated due to the ageing of a transducer in the ultrasonic water meter is solved, extra manpower and economy are not required to be input, the long-term reliability of the ultrasonic water meter is improved, and the calibration-free operation of the ultrasonic water meter in the long-service-life running period can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between peak values of upstream and downstream reception signals and an excitation frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1, a method for improving the reliability of an ultrasonic water meter comprises the following steps.
S1, determining the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep under the condition of still water or stable flow rate before leaving the factory of the ultrasonic water meter, wherein the method is as follows.
S1-1, defining an excitation frequency range and a step size.
S1-2, after excitation frequencies are set in the ultrasonic water meter, the upstream and downstream transducers of the ultrasonic water meter are collected through the collector to receive signals until the collection of the received signals under all the excitation frequencies is completed.
S1-3, drawing a change relation graph of the peak value of the received signal along with the excitation frequency, wherein the excitation frequency corresponding to the maximum value of the peak value of the received signal is the optimal center working frequency.
Taking an ultrasonic water meter of a certain type as an example, the ultrasonic water meter is swept in a still water environment at room temperature, and as a result, as shown in fig. 2, the excitation frequency corresponding to the maximum value of the peak value of the received signal is 2.014 MHz, namely the optimal center working frequency is 2.014 MHz.
S2, after setting the optimal center working frequency, collecting the signals received by the upstream transducer and the downstream transducer of the ultrasonic water meter of a certain model under different temperatures and flow rates, and calculating envelope characteristic parameters including envelope frequency freq E And the phase phi is used for extracting an upper envelope of the signal before calculation, and an envelope extraction method comprises a Hilbert transform method and a maximum value method.
Envelope frequency freq E The method comprises performing FFT operation on envelope on signal, taking modulus, calculating position index corresponding to maximum value, and calculating envelope frequency freq by position index E ，。
Wherein f s For the sampling rate, N is the array length of the envelope on the signal. Least square fitting is carried out on envelope frequencies at different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula freq E =f (v, temp), the fitting formula is related to the design of the ultrasonic meter, and the fitting formula is obtained using the ultrasonic meter model in this example。
Envelope phase。
Where imag is the imaginary part of the FFT operation result at the excitation frequency, and real is the real part of the FFT operation result at the excitation frequency. Performing least square fitting on the envelope phases at different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula phi=f (v, temp), wherein the fitting formula is related to the design of the ultrasonic water meter, and the model of the ultrasonic water meter in the embodiment is used to obtain。
S3, after the ultrasonic water meter is formally powered on and operated, collecting ultrasonic water meter data, wherein the ultrasonic water meter data comprises a calculated flow velocity value, an accumulated flow velocity value, a calculated temperature value, an upstream and downstream transducer receiving signal and an upstream and downstream ultrasonic signal propagation time difference. Calculating an ultrasonic water meter characteristic value V=f (flow, SNR, RD) once every time data are collected Temp ) The ultrasonic water meter model in the embodiment is used, and the calculation formula is as follows。
Wherein lambda is an adjustable parameter, the default value is 0.5, the flow is the current measurement, the calculated accumulated flow value and the flow are related to the design of the ultrasonic water meter max The maximum accumulated flow value designed for ultrasonic water meter, SNR is the signal-to-noise value (RD) calculated from the signals received by the upstream and downstream transducers Temp For two measurements, the relative deviation of the temperature values is calculated.
S4, comparing the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter calculated in this time with the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter calculated in the previous time.
If the relative deviation of the ultrasonic water meter characteristic values calculated in the front and the back is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error, calculating envelope characteristic parameters from the acquired ultrasonic water meter data; otherwise, the process goes to step S6.
Relative deviation of characteristic values of ultrasonic water meter。
V in i For the characteristic value of the ultrasonic water meter calculated in the current measurement, V i-1 And calculating the characteristic value of the ultrasonic water meter in the last measurement.
S5, obtaining a fitting value of the envelope characteristic parameter from the current temperature and the current flow rate through a fitting formula, and comparing the fitting value with a calculated value.
And A, if the deviation between the fitting value and the calculated value of the envelope characteristic parameter is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error and is in a still water environment, executing the following steps.
A1, resetting the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep.
A2, measuring and calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals for a period of time.
A3, the calculated result of the A2 is differenced with the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals acquired in the step S3.
And A4, taking the difference result as a compensation value for the next calculation of the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals.
And B, if the deviation between the fitting value and the calculated value of the envelope characteristic parameter is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error and the environment is not still water, executing the following steps.
B1, waiting for the non-hydrostatic environment to change into the hydrostatic environment.
And B2, resetting the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep.
B3, measuring and calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals for a period of time.
And B4, the calculated result of the step B3 is differenced from the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals acquired in the step S3.
And B5, taking the difference result as a compensation value for the next calculation of the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals.
And C, if not, jumping to the step S6.
S6, calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream ultrasonic signal and the downstream ultrasonic signal, and further calculating the flow velocity by combining the measured temperature.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and not restrictive, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, so that all such equivalent embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The metering method capable of improving the reliability of the ultrasonic water meter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining an optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep under the condition of still water or stable flow rate before leaving a factory of an ultrasonic water meter;
s2, after setting the optimal center working frequency, collecting signals received by an upstream transducer and a downstream transducer of the ultrasonic water meter at different temperatures and flow rates, calculating envelope characteristic parameters, and performing least square fitting on the envelope characteristic parameters at different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula;
s3, collecting ultrasonic water meter data after the ultrasonic water meter is formally powered on and operated, and calculating an ultrasonic water meter characteristic value V once every time the data is collected;
V=f（flow，SNR，RD Temp ）；
wherein flow is the accumulated flow, SNR is the received signal to noise ratio, RD Temp The relative deviation of the measured temperature acquired at this time and the measured temperature acquired at the previous time is shown;
s4, comparing the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter calculated at this time with the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter calculated at the previous time:
if the relative deviation of the ultrasonic water meter characteristic values calculated in the front and the back is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error, calculating envelope characteristic parameters from the acquired ultrasonic water meter data; otherwise, jumping to the step S6;
s5, obtaining a fitting value of the envelope characteristic parameter from the current temperature and the current flow rate through a fitting formula, and comparing the fitting value with a calculated value:
and A, if the relative deviation between the fitting value and the calculated value of the envelope characteristic parameter is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error and is in a still water environment, executing the following steps:
a1, resetting the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep;
a2, measuring and calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals for a period of time;
a3, the calculated result of the A2 is differenced with the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals acquired in the step S3;
a4, taking the difference result as a compensation value for calculating the next propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals;
and B, if the relative deviation between the fitting value and the calculated value of the envelope characteristic parameter is greater than one half of the maximum allowable error and is not in a still water environment, executing the following steps:
b1, waiting for the non-hydrostatic environment to be changed into the hydrostatic environment;
b2, resetting the optimal center working frequency through frequency sweep;
b3, measuring and calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals for a period of time;
b4, making a difference between the calculated result of the B3 and the propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals acquired in the S3;
b5, taking the difference result as a compensation value for calculating the next propagation time difference of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic signals;
c, if not, jumping to the step S6;
s6, calculating the propagation time difference of the upstream ultrasonic signal and the downstream ultrasonic signal, and further calculating the flow velocity by combining the measured temperature.
2. The metering method capable of improving the reliability of an ultrasonic water meter according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the optimal center working frequency by frequency sweep in the step S1 is as follows:
s1-1, defining an excitation frequency range and a step length;
s1-2, after excitation frequencies are set in an ultrasonic water meter, collecting signals received by an upstream transducer and a downstream transducer of the ultrasonic water meter through a collector until the collection of the signals received under all the excitation frequencies is completed;
s1-3, drawing a change relation graph of the peak value of the received signal along with the excitation frequency, wherein the excitation frequency corresponding to the maximum value of the peak value of the received signal is the optimal center working frequency.
3. The metering method for improving reliability of ultrasonic water meter according to claim 1, wherein the envelope characteristic parameters in the steps S2 and S4 comprise envelope frequency freq E And envelope phase phi;
envelope frequency；
Envelope phase；
Extracting an upper envelope of a received signal by using a Hilbert transform method or a maximum value method, carrying out FFT operation on the upper envelope of the received signal, taking a module of an operation result, and obtaining a position index corresponding to the maximum value of the module taking result as index; f (f) s Is the sampling rate; n is the array length of the envelope on the signal; imag is the imaginary part of the FFT operation result, real is the real part of the FFT operation result;
least square fitting is carried out on envelope frequencies at different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula freq E =f (v, temp); performing least square fitting on the envelope phases at different temperatures and flow rates to obtain a fitting formula phi=f (v, temp);
where v is the metering flow rate and Temp is the metering temperature.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic water meter data collected in the step S3 includes a measured flow rate, an accumulated flow rate, a measured temperature, an upstream and downstream transducer receiving signal, and an upstream and downstream ultrasonic signal propagation time difference.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is characterized in that the relative deviation of the characteristic values of the ultrasonic water meter；
V in i For the ultrasonic water meter characteristic value calculated at this time, V i-1 And the characteristic value of the ultrasonic water meter calculated last time is obtained.
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