CN117343884A - Preparation method of microbial agent for improving saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Preparation method of microbial agent for improving saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN117343884A CN117343884A CN202311664483.0A CN202311664483A CN117343884A CN 117343884 A CN117343884 A CN 117343884A CN 202311664483 A CN202311664483 A CN 202311664483A CN 117343884 A CN117343884 A CN 117343884A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- HJVAFZMYQQSPHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O.OCCN(CCO)CCO HJVAFZMYQQSPHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 102000004160 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 claims description 24
- 108090000608 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 18
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000002260 Alkaline Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108020004774 Alkaline Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011166 aliquoting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical group O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006740 morphological transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
- C12R2001/10—Bacillus licheniformis
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- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
- C12R2001/125—Bacillus subtilis ; Hay bacillus; Grass bacillus
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a microbial agent for improving saline-alkali soil, belonging to the field of soil conditioning materials. The microbial agent prepared by the invention can effectively inhibit the occurrence of reversible salinization of soil, the experimental soil is a moderate saline-alkali soil, the pH of the soil is 8.7, the conductivity is 2.268ms/cm, the pH of the soil is 6.5-6.7 after 180 days of using the microbial agent, the conductivity is 0.417-0.430ms/cm, the pH of the soil is 6.6-6.7 after 240 days of using the microbial agent, and the conductivity is 0.429-0.441ms/cm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a microbial agent for improving saline-alkali soil, belonging to the field of soil conditioning materials.
Background
The coastal saline-alkali soil of yellow river delta has wide area, high salt content, weak water and fertilizer retention capability and poor soil structure, so that the agricultural utilization is difficult, the improvement research and the utilization of the coastal saline-alkali soil are enhanced under the original tension of the land resources, the bottleneck of the agricultural utilization of the saline-alkali soil is overcome, the cultivated area is increased, and the sustainable utilization of the valuable resources of the saline-alkali soil is promoted, so that the method has important significance.
The existing saline-alkali soil improvement method mainly comprises a chemical improvement method, a physical improvement method, a biological improvement method and a hydraulic engineering improvement method, wherein the physical improvement method is mainly a soil-aliquoting method, the method has large engineering quantity and high cost, the economic cost is not economical, the hydraulic engineering improvement method is used for discharging salt through underground seepage pipes and is combined with ditches and deep well water discharging, the purpose of preventing salt returning is achieved, the engineering quantity is large, the cost is high, the improvement time is long, the chemical improvement method is slow, the chemical improvement method is mainly used for adding substances such as gypsum, sulfur, humic acid and furfural residues into the saline-alkali soil, the salt alkalinity of the soil is reduced, the chemical improvement method is generally matched with other methods, a good effect can be achieved, microorganisms in the biological improvement method are used for improving the salt movement in the soil through growth and propagation of microorganisms, the organic fertilizer in the soil is effectively converted into quality, and the saline-alkali soil is improved, but the saline-alkali soil is generally barren of the saline-alkali soil and lacks nutrients required by microorganisms, so that the microbial improvement effect has a certain limitation.
Research shows that the chemical method and the biological method are combined, so that the synergistic effect on the improvement of the saline-alkali soil can be achieved, the pH and the conductivity of the soil can be mainly reduced, after the chemical method is cooperated with microorganisms, the volume weight of the soil can be reduced, the air permeability of the saline-alkali soil is improved, CN104402651A discloses a preparation method of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent, weathered coal, nutrients and microorganisms are combined, the basicity and the salt content of the soil salt of the saline-alkali soil are obviously reduced, the soil fertility of the saline-alkali soil is improved, but in practical application, the microbial agent is found to be used for a period of time, the saline-alkali soil can be caused to be reversibly salinized, and the bacteria of the microbial agent can influence the diversity of the microorganisms of the saline-alkali soil, so that the variety and the number of the microorganisms are reduced, the morphological transformation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the soil can be influenced, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is reduced, the saline-alkali soil can be caused to be reversibly salinized in long time, the application of the microbial agent is needed, the use frequency of the microbial agent is increased, the water is increased, and the water distribution of the saline-alkali soil is poor, and the water is not uniform, and the agglomeration of the soil is improved.
In summary, in the prior art, the chemical method and the biological method are combined, the produced microbial agent can reduce the pH and the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil, can also reduce the volume weight of the soil and improve the air permeability of the saline-alkali soil, but can cause the saline-alkali soil to be reversibly salinized after a period of use, and in addition, the microbial agent has poor effect of improving the distribution of soil aggregates.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and the microbial agent is obtained by preparing the modifier base material, further adding the microbial agent and curing, so that the pH and the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil are reduced, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the air permeability of the saline-alkali soil is improved, the soil is restrained from producing reversible salinization, and the distribution condition of soil aggregates is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a microbial agent for improving saline-alkali soil comprises the steps of preparing an improver base material, adding a microbial agent and curing.
The following is a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the method for preparing the modifier substrate comprises the steps of crushing vermiculite to 1200-1800 meshes by using an airflow crusher to obtain vermiculite powder, spraying triethanolamine borate solution on the surface of the vermiculite powder, uniformly spraying, controlling the temperature to be 85-89 ℃, drying for 350-400min to obtain dried vermiculite powder, mixing the dried vermiculite powder with desulfurized gypsum, grinding the mixture to pass through a 180-250 mesh sieve, controlling the temperature to be 370-380 ℃, heating in a nitrogen atmosphere for 115-130min, cooling to room temperature after heating, adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and grinding the mixture to pass through a 180-250 mesh sieve again to obtain the modifier substrate;
the mass ratio of the triethanolamine borate solution to the vermiculite powder is 14-16:62;
the concentration of the triethanolamine borate solution is 2.0-3.0wt% and the solvent is deionized water;
the spraying speed of the triethanolamine borate solution is 2.5-3.5wt% of the total amount of the triethanolamine borate solution sprayed every minute;
the mass ratio of the dried vermiculite powder to the desulfurized gypsum to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 2.5-3.5:10-14:0.8-1.2;
the fineness of the desulfurized gypsum is 60-100 meshes.
Uniformly spraying a phosphatase solution to a modifier substrate, then adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis into the substrate, uniformly mixing, spraying a glucose aqueous solution to the substrate, continuously uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture of the substrate and the microbial inoculum, drying the mixture of the substrate and the microbial inoculum at normal temperature until the water content is 18-22wt%, spraying an aqueous urea solution and an aqueous tartaric acid solution, continuously stirring, drying again at normal temperature after stirring, and drying until the water content is 14-16wt% to obtain a to-be-cooked material;
the mass ratio of the phosphatase solution to the modifier substrate to the glucose aqueous solution to the urea aqueous solution to the tartaric acid aqueous solution is 1.8-2.2:30-40:4.5-5.5:2.5-3.5:0.8-1.2;
the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis is that 4.5-5.0 x 10 of the bacillus subtilis is added to each gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus subtilis with effective viable count of CFU, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun biotechnology Co., ltd;
the addition amount of the bacillus licheniformis is 3.1-3.4 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus licheniformis with CFU effective viable count, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun Biotechnology Co., ltd;
the concentration of the phosphatase solution is 6.5-7.5wt%, and the phosphatase is alkaline phosphatase;
the concentration of the glucose aqueous solution is 11-13wt%;
the concentration of the urea aqueous solution is 18-22wt%;
the concentration of the tartaric acid aqueous solution is 2.5-3.5wt%.
The ripening method comprises the steps of carrying out preliminary ripening on the material to be ripened in an incubator with the temperature of 34.5-35.5 ℃ and the relative humidity of 26-28%, wherein the preliminary ripening time is 66-78 hours, then adjusting the temperature of the incubator to be 36.5-37.5 ℃, adjusting the relative humidity of the incubator to be 27-29%, carrying out subsequent ripening for 78-90 hours, and obtaining the microbial agent after the subsequent ripening.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the microbial agent prepared by the invention can effectively reduce the pH and the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil, the experimental soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, the pH of the soil is 8.7, the conductivity is 2.268ms/cm, the pH of the soil is 6.4-6.5 after the microbial agent is used, and the conductivity is 0.345-0.381ms/cm;
the microbial agent prepared by the invention can effectively reduce the volume weight of soil, improve the air permeability of soil, and the experimental soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, and the volume weight of the soil is 1.21g/cm 3 After the microbial inoculum is used, the volume weight of the soil is 0.91-0.92g/cm 3 ；
The microbial agent prepared by the invention can effectively inhibit the occurrence of reversible salinization of soil, the experimental soil is a moderate saline-alkali soil, the pH of the soil is 8.7, the conductivity is 2.268ms/cm, the pH of the soil is 6.5-6.7 after 180 days of use of the microbial agent, the conductivity is 0.417-0.430ms/cm, the pH of the soil is 6.6-6.7 after 240 days of use of the microbial agent, and the conductivity is 0.429-0.441ms/cm;
the microbial agent prepared by the invention can effectively improve the distribution of aggregates in soil, and the large aggregates account for 52.96%, the micro aggregates account for 30.58% and the powdery agglomeration accounts for 16.46% in saline-alkali soil which is not treated by the microbial agent and 0-20cm of soil; in the soil with the length of 20-40cm, the proportion of large agglomerates is 34.83%, the proportion of micro agglomerates is 44.85%, and the proportion of powdery agglomerates is 20.32%; in the soil of 40-60cm, the proportion of the large aggregate is 15.02%, the proportion of the micro aggregate is 63.81%, the proportion of the powdery adhesive aggregate is 21.17%, the saline-alkali soil treated by the microbial inoculum for 180 days, in the soil of 0-20cm, the proportion of the large aggregate is 45.90-47.08%, the proportion of the micro aggregate is 41.25-42.31%, and the proportion of the powdery adhesive aggregate is 11.40-12.06%; in 20-40cm of soil, the large aggregate accounts for 54.08-54.46%, the micro aggregate accounts for 35.49-36.28%, and the powdery agglomerate accounts for 9.36-10.21%; in the soil with the thickness of 40-60cm, the large aggregate accounts for 21.39-25.37%, the micro aggregate accounts for 64.53-66.42%, and the powder-adhesion aggregate accounts for 10.92-12.19%.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Preparation of modifier substrate
Pulverizing vermiculite to 1500 meshes by using an air flow pulverizer to obtain vermiculite powder, spraying triethanolamine borate solution on the surface of the vermiculite powder, uniformly spraying, controlling the temperature to be 87 ℃, drying for 360min to obtain dried vermiculite powder, mixing the dried vermiculite powder with desulfurized gypsum, grinding the mixture to pass through a 200-mesh sieve, heating the mixture under the nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 375 ℃ for 120min, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and grinding the mixture again to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modifier substrate;
the mass ratio of the triethanolamine borate solution to the vermiculite powder is 15:62;
the concentration of the triethanolamine borate solution is 2.5 weight percent, and the solvent is deionized water;
the spraying speed of the triethanolamine borate solution is 3.0 weight percent of the total amount of the triethanolamine borate solution sprayed every minute;
the mass ratio of the dried vermiculite powder to the desulfurized gypsum to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 3:12:1;
the fineness of the desulfurized gypsum is 80 meshes.
(2) Adding bacterial agent
Uniformly spraying phosphatase solution to a modifier substrate, adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis into the substrate, uniformly mixing, spraying glucose aqueous solution to the substrate, continuously uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture of the substrate and a microbial inoculum, drying the mixture of the substrate and the microbial inoculum at normal temperature until the water content is 20wt%, spraying urea aqueous solution and tartaric acid aqueous solution, continuously stirring, drying again at normal temperature until the water content is 15wt%, and obtaining a to-be-cooked material;
the mass ratio of the phosphatase solution to the modifier substrate to the aqueous glucose solution to the aqueous urea solution to the aqueous tartaric acid solution is 2:35:5:3:1;
the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis is that 4.7 times 10 is added to each gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus subtilis with effective viable count of CFU, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun biotechnology Co., ltd;
the addition amount of the bacillus licheniformis is 3.2 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus licheniformis with CFU effective viable count, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun Biotechnology Co., ltd;
the concentration of the phosphatase solution is 7wt%, and the phosphatase is alkaline phosphatase;
the concentration of the aqueous glucose solution is 12wt%;
the concentration of the urea aqueous solution is 20wt%;
the concentration of the aqueous tartaric acid solution was 3wt%.
(3) Ripening
And (3) carrying out preliminary ripening on the material to be ripened in an incubator with the temperature of 35 ℃ and the relative humidity of 27%, wherein the preliminary ripening time is 72 hours, then adjusting the temperature of the incubator to 37 ℃, adjusting the relative humidity of the incubator to 28%, carrying out subsequent ripening for 84 hours, and obtaining the microbial agent after the subsequent ripening.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of modifier substrate
Pulverizing vermiculite to 1200 meshes by using an air flow pulverizer to obtain vermiculite powder, spraying triethanolamine borate solution on the surface of the vermiculite powder, uniformly spraying, controlling the temperature to be 85 ℃, drying for 400min to obtain dried vermiculite powder, mixing the dried vermiculite powder with desulfurized gypsum, grinding the mixture to pass through a 180-mesh sieve, heating the mixture under the nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 370 ℃ for 130min, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and grinding the mixture again to pass through the 180-mesh sieve to obtain the modifier substrate;
the mass ratio of the triethanolamine borate solution to the vermiculite powder is 14:62;
the concentration of the triethanolamine borate solution is 3.0wt%, and the solvent is deionized water;
the spraying speed of the triethanolamine borate solution is 2.5 weight percent of the total amount of the triethanolamine borate solution sprayed every minute;
the mass ratio of the dried vermiculite powder to the desulfurized gypsum to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 2.5:10:0.8;
the fineness of the desulfurized gypsum is 60 meshes.
(2) Adding bacterial agent
Uniformly spraying phosphatase solution to a modifier substrate, adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis into the substrate, uniformly mixing, spraying glucose aqueous solution to the substrate, continuously uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture of the substrate and a microbial inoculum, drying the mixture of the substrate and the microbial inoculum at normal temperature until the water content is 18wt%, spraying urea aqueous solution and tartaric acid aqueous solution, continuously stirring, drying again at normal temperature until the water content is 14wt%, and obtaining a to-be-cooked material;
the mass ratio of the phosphatase solution to the modifier substrate to the aqueous solution of glucose to the aqueous solution of urea to the aqueous solution of tartaric acid is 1.8:30:4.5:2.5:0.8;
the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis is 4.5 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus subtilis with effective viable count of CFU, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun biotechnology Co., ltd;
the addition amount of the bacillus licheniformis is 3.1 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus licheniformis with CFU effective viable count, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun Biotechnology Co., ltd;
the concentration of the phosphatase solution is 6.5wt%, and the phosphatase is alkaline phosphatase;
the concentration of the aqueous glucose solution is 11wt%;
the concentration of the urea aqueous solution is 18wt%;
the concentration of the aqueous tartaric acid solution was 2.5wt%.
(3) Ripening
And (3) primarily curing the materials to be cured in an incubator with the temperature of 34.5 ℃ and the relative humidity of 26%, wherein the primary curing time is 66 hours, then adjusting the temperature of the incubator to 36.5 ℃, adjusting the relative humidity of the incubator to 27%, performing subsequent curing for 90 hours, and obtaining the microbial agent after the subsequent curing.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of modifier substrate
Pulverizing vermiculite to 1800 meshes by using an air flow pulverizer to obtain vermiculite powder, spraying triethanolamine borate solution on the surface of the vermiculite powder, uniformly spraying, controlling the temperature to be 89 ℃, drying for 350min to obtain dried vermiculite powder, mixing the dried vermiculite powder with desulfurized gypsum, grinding the mixture to pass through a 250-mesh sieve, heating the mixture at the temperature of 380 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere for 115min, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and grinding the mixture again to pass through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a modifier substrate;
the mass ratio of the triethanolamine borate solution to the vermiculite powder is 16:62;
the concentration of the triethanolamine borate solution is 2.0 weight percent, and the solvent is deionized water;
the spraying speed of the triethanolamine borate solution is 3.5 weight percent of the total amount of the triethanolamine borate solution sprayed every minute;
the mass ratio of the dried vermiculite powder to the desulfurized gypsum to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 3.5:14:1.2;
the fineness of the desulfurized gypsum is 100 meshes.
(2) Adding bacterial agent
Uniformly spraying phosphatase solution to a modifier substrate, adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis into the substrate, uniformly mixing, spraying glucose aqueous solution to the substrate, continuously uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture of the substrate and a microbial inoculum, drying the mixture of the substrate and the microbial inoculum at normal temperature until the water content is 22wt%, spraying urea aqueous solution and tartaric acid aqueous solution, continuously stirring, drying again at normal temperature until the water content is 16wt%, and obtaining a to-be-cooked material;
the mass ratio of the phosphatase solution to the modifier substrate to the aqueous solution of glucose to the aqueous solution of urea to the aqueous solution of tartaric acid is 2.2:40:5.5:3.5:1.2;
the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis is 5.0 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus subtilis with effective viable count of CFU, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun biotechnology Co., ltd;
the addition amount of the bacillus licheniformis is 3.4 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus licheniformis with CFU effective viable count, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun Biotechnology Co., ltd;
the concentration of the phosphatase solution is 7.5wt%, and the phosphatase is alkaline phosphatase;
the concentration of the aqueous glucose solution is 13wt%;
the concentration of the urea aqueous solution is 22wt%;
the concentration of the aqueous tartaric acid solution was 3.5wt%.
(3) Ripening
And (3) carrying out preliminary ripening on the material to be ripened in an incubator with the temperature of 35.5 ℃ and the relative humidity of 28% for 78 hours, then adjusting the temperature of the incubator to be 37.5 ℃ and the relative humidity of the incubator to be 29%, carrying out subsequent ripening for 78 hours, and obtaining the microbial agent after the subsequent ripening.
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, the procedure for preparing the modifier substrate was changed to the following:
pulverizing vermiculite to 1500 meshes by using an airflow pulverizer to obtain vermiculite powder, mixing the vermiculite powder with desulfurized gypsum, grinding until the mixture passes through a 200-mesh sieve, controlling the temperature to 375 ℃, heating under a nitrogen atmosphere for 120min, cooling to room temperature after heating, and grinding again until the mixture passes through the 200-mesh sieve to obtain a modifier substrate;
the mass ratio of the vermiculite powder to the desulfurized gypsum is 3:12;
the fineness of the desulfurized gypsum is 80 meshes;
the other steps are the same, and the microbial inoculum is prepared.
Comparative example 2
Unlike example 1, the step of adding the microbial inoculum was changed to the following operation:
mixing phosphatase solution, modifier substrate, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, glucose aqueous solution, urea aqueous solution and tartaric acid aqueous solution, stirring, drying at normal temperature, and drying until the water content is 15wt% to obtain a to-be-cooked material;
the mass ratio of the phosphatase solution to the modifier substrate to the aqueous glucose solution to the aqueous urea solution to the aqueous tartaric acid solution is 2:35:5:3:1;
the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis is that 4.7 times 10 is added to each gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus subtilis with effective viable count of CFU, which is purchased from Liaoning Hengrun biotechnology Co., ltd;
the addition amount of the bacillus licheniformis is 3.2 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 CFU effective viable countBacillus licheniformis, bacillus licheniformis was purchased from Liaoning Hengrun Biotech Co., ltd;
the concentration of the phosphatase solution is 7wt%, and the phosphatase is alkaline phosphatase;
the concentration of the aqueous glucose solution is 12wt%;
the concentration of the urea aqueous solution is 20wt%;
the concentration of the tartaric acid aqueous solution is 3wt%;
the other steps are the same, and the microbial inoculum is prepared.
Comparative example 3
Unlike example 1, the ripening step was changed to the following operation:
and (3) ripening the material to be ripened in an incubator with the temperature of 37 ℃ and the relative humidity of 27%, wherein the ripening time is 156 hours, and obtaining the microbial agent after ripening.
EXAMPLE 4 Effect of microbial inoculant on soil saline-alkali extent
The experimental soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, the pH value of the soil is 8.7, and the conductivity is 2.268ms/cm;
the microbial agents prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were added to the soil according to the usage amount of 150kg per mu by using a ploughing method, the ploughing depth was 60cm, and the pH and conductivity changes of the soil were detected 90 days after ploughing, and the results are shown in Table 1;
the pH of the soil is determined according to the method in NY/T1121.2-2006;
the conductivity of the soil was determined as described in HJ 802-2016.
In the embodiment 1-3, the pH and the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil can be effectively reduced by special treatment of the base material and then adding the microbial agent and curing;
comparative example 1, in which the substrate was not specially treated, was obtained by mixing and heating vermiculite powder and desulfurized gypsum, and then a microbial agent was prepared, which was also able to lower the pH of the saline-alkali soil, but had a poor effect and a slightly poor effect of lowering the conductivity;
in the process of adding the microbial inoculum in comparative example 2, all the components are directly mixed for preparing the microbial inoculum, and the prepared microbial inoculum can be used for reducing the pH value of the saline-alkali soil, but has a slightly poor effect and a poor effect of reducing the conductivity;
the ripening mode of the comparative example 3 is simplified, the prepared microbial agent can lower the pH value of the saline-alkali soil, the effect is better, the effect is slightly lower than that of the examples, and the effect of reducing the conductivity is also better and is slightly lower than that of the examples.
Example 5 Effect of microbial inoculum on soil volume weight
The experimental soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, and the volume weight of the soil is 1.21g/cm 3 ；
The microbial agents prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were added to the soil according to the usage amount of 150kg per mu by using a ploughing method, the ploughing depth was 60cm, the change of the volume weight of the soil was detected 90 days after ploughing, and the results are shown in Table 2;
the volume weight of the soil was measured using the ring method.
In the embodiment 1-3, the substrate is specially treated, and then the microbial agent is added and matured, so that the prepared microbial agent can effectively reduce the volume weight of the saline-alkali soil;
in comparative example 1, the substrate is not specially treated, the vermiculite powder and the desulfurized gypsum are mixed and heated to obtain the substrate, and then the microbial agent is prepared, wherein the microbial agent can also reduce the volume weight of the saline-alkali soil, but has poor effect;
in the process of adding the microbial inoculum in comparative example 2, all the components are directly mixed for preparing the microbial inoculum, and the prepared microbial inoculum can be used for reducing the volume weight of the soil of the saline-alkali soil, but has a slightly poorer effect;
the ripening mode of the comparative example 3 is simplified, the prepared microbial agent can reduce the volume weight of the soil in the saline-alkali soil, the effect is relatively good, and the volume weight of the soil is slightly higher than that of the example.
EXAMPLE 6 saline-alkali soil reversibility degree experiment
The experimental soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, the pH value of the soil is 8.7, and the conductivity is 2.268ms/cm;
the microbial agents prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are added into soil according to the use amount of 150kg per mu by using a ploughing method, the ploughing depth is 60cm, and the pH and conductivity changes of the soil are detected respectively on days 180 and 240 after ploughing, and the results are shown in Table 3;
the pH of the soil is determined according to the method in NY/T1121.2-2006;
the conductivity of the soil was determined as described in HJ 802-2016.
In the embodiment 1-3, the substrate is specially treated, and then the microbial agent is added and matured, so that the prepared microbial agent can effectively inhibit the reversible degree of soil, and the pH and conductivity of the soil are not obviously increased after long-time use;
in the comparative example 1, the substrate is not specially treated, the vermiculite powder and the desulfurized gypsum are mixed and heated to obtain the substrate, the microbial agent is prepared again, the reversibility degree of the soil cannot be effectively restrained, the pH of the soil rises obviously within 180 days, the pH of the soil does not rise obviously anymore within 240 days, the conductivity of the soil rises to a certain extent within 180 days, and the conductivity of the soil rises to a larger extent again within 240 days;
in the process of adding the microbial inoculum in comparative example 2, all the components are directly mixed for preparing the microbial inoculum, the prepared microbial inoculum has a slightly poor effect of restraining the reversible degree of the soil, the pH rise degree of the soil is larger in 180 days, the pH of the soil rises obviously again in 240 days, the conductivity of the soil rises to a greater extent in 180 days, the conductivity of the soil rises again to a great extent in 240 days, and the effect of restraining the rise of the conductivity is worst;
the ripening mode of the comparative example 3 is simplified, the prepared microbial agent can inhibit the reversibility degree of the soil to a certain extent, the pH rising degree of the soil is smaller in 180 days, the pH of the soil does not rise obviously any more in 240 days, the conductivity of the soil rises to a smaller extent in 180 days, and the conductivity of the soil rises to a larger extent in 240 days.
Example 7 saline-alkali soil aggregate distribution detection
The experimental soil is moderate saline-alkali soil;
the microbial agents prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 are added into soil according to the using amount of 150kg per mu by using a ploughing method, the ploughing depth is 60cm, the 180 th day after ploughing is sampled according to a five-point sampling method, the samples of the soil layers with the same depth are respectively sampled at the depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60cm to form a mixed sample, the soil aggregate is classified and counted after air drying, and the aggregate distribution condition of the soil which is not treated by the microbial agent is measured according to the same method, and the result is shown in the table 4;
the water-stable aggregate classification method comprises the following steps: large agglomerates (> 0.25 mm), micro agglomerates (0.053-0.25 mm), powder agglomerates (< 0.053 mm).
In the embodiment 1-3, the substrate is specially treated, and then the microbial agent is added and matured, so that the prepared microbial agent can effectively improve the aggregate distribution of soil, effectively improve the proportion of micro aggregates and reduce the proportion of large aggregates and powdery agglomerates in the soil of 0-20 cm; in 20-40cm of soil, the proportion of micro-aggregates is effectively reduced, the proportion of powdery agglomerates is reduced, and the proportion of large agglomerates is improved; in the soil with the thickness of 40-60cm, the proportion of micro-aggregates is effectively improved, the proportion of powdery-bonded aggregates is reduced, the proportion of large aggregates is improved, the distribution of the aggregates is more reasonable, and the stability of the soil is improved;
in the comparative example 1, the substrate is not specially treated, the vermiculite powder and the desulfurized gypsum are mixed and heated to obtain the substrate, and then the microbial agent is prepared, so that the effect of improving the soil aggregate distribution of the microbial agent is poor, and the stability of the soil is poor;
in the process of adding the microbial inoculum in comparative example 2, all the components are directly mixed, the microbial inoculum is prepared, the effect of improving the distribution of soil aggregates by the microbial inoculum is slightly poor, and the stability of soil is slightly poor;
the ripening mode of the comparative example 3 is simplified, and the prepared microbial agent can improve the distribution of soil aggregates to a certain extent, and the stability of the soil is slightly poor.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the microbial agent for improving the saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the steps of preparing an improver substrate, adding the microbial agent and curing;
the method for preparing the modifier base material comprises the steps of crushing vermiculite to a fineness of 1200-1800 meshes to obtain vermiculite powder, spraying triethanolamine borate solution on the surface of the vermiculite powder, uniformly spraying, drying to obtain dried vermiculite powder, mixing the dried vermiculite powder with desulfurized gypsum, grinding the mixture to pass through a 180-250 mesh sieve, controlling the temperature to be 370-380 ℃, heating in a nitrogen atmosphere for 115-130min, cooling to room temperature after heating, adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and grinding again to pass through a 180-250 mesh sieve to obtain the modifier base material;
the mass ratio of the triethanolamine borate solution to the vermiculite powder is 14-16:62;
the spraying speed of the triethanolamine borate solution is 2.5-3.5wt% of the total amount of the triethanolamine borate solution sprayed every minute;
the mass ratio of the dried vermiculite powder to the desulfurized gypsum to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 2.5-3.5:10-14:0.8-1.2;
uniformly spraying a phosphatase solution to a modifier substrate, then adding bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis into the substrate, uniformly mixing, spraying a glucose aqueous solution to the substrate, continuously uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture of the substrate and the microbial inoculum, drying the mixture of the substrate and the microbial inoculum at normal temperature until the water content is 18-22wt%, spraying an aqueous urea solution and an aqueous tartaric acid solution, continuously stirring, drying again at normal temperature after stirring, and drying until the water content is 14-16wt% to obtain a to-be-cooked material;
the mass ratio of the phosphatase solution to the modifier substrate to the glucose aqueous solution to the urea aqueous solution to the tartaric acid aqueous solution is 1.8-2.2:30-40:4.5-5.5:2.5-3.5:0.8-1.2;
the addition amount of the bacillus subtilis is that 4.5-5.0 x 10 of the bacillus subtilis is added to each gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus subtilis with CFU effective viable count;
the addition amount of the bacillus licheniformis is 3.1-3.4 x 10 per gram of modifier base material 9 Bacillus licheniformis with CFU effective viable count;
the ripening method comprises the steps of carrying out preliminary ripening on the material to be ripened at the temperature of 34.5-35.5 ℃ and the relative humidity of 26-28%, wherein the preliminary ripening time is 66-78h, then adjusting the temperature to be 36.5-37.5 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 27-29%, carrying out subsequent ripening for 78-90h, and obtaining the microbial agent after the subsequent ripening.
2. The method for preparing the microbial agent for improving the saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the step of preparing the modifier base material, the drying method is that the temperature is controlled to be 85-89 ℃, and the drying is carried out for 350-400min.
3. The method for preparing the microbial agent for improving the saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the step of preparing the modifier base material, the concentration of the triethanolamine borate solution is 2.0-3.0wt percent, and the solvent is deionized water.
4. The method for preparing the microbial agent for improving the saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the step of preparing the modifier base material, the fineness of the desulfurized gypsum is 60-100 meshes.
5. The method for preparing the microbial agent for improving the saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the step of adding the microbial inoculum, the concentration of the phosphatase solution is 6.5-7.5wt%, and the phosphatase is alkaline phosphatase; the concentration of the glucose aqueous solution is 11-13wt%; the concentration of the urea aqueous solution is 18-22wt%; the concentration of the aqueous tartaric acid solution is 2.5-3.5wt%.
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