CN117307953A - Hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing hydrogen storage material - Google Patents
Hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing hydrogen storage material Download PDFInfo
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- CN117307953A CN117307953A CN202311291413.5A CN202311291413A CN117307953A CN 117307953 A CN117307953 A CN 117307953A CN 202311291413 A CN202311291413 A CN 202311291413A CN 117307953 A CN117307953 A CN 117307953A
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- tube
- hydrogen storage
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- jacket
- hydrogen
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 rare earth compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage devices, in particular to a hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing hydrogen storage materials, which comprises a cylinder body, wherein two ends of the cylinder body are respectively provided with a tube plate, and the cylinder body is provided with a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet; a plurality of jacket sleeves are arranged in the cylinder body, each jacket sleeve comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, a jacket annular cavity for placing hydrogen storage alloy is enclosed between the outer wall of the inner pipe and the inner wall of the outer pipe, a plate cavity communicated with the jacket annular cavity is arranged on the tube plate, and a jacket inlet and a jacket outlet are arranged on the plate cavity; the side part of the tube plate, which is away from the cylinder body, is provided with a tube box, the inner tube passes through the plate cavity of the corresponding tube plate to be communicated with the corresponding tube box, and the tube box is provided with a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet; the wall of the inner tube is densely provided with a plurality of ventilation holes through which hydrogen can pass to block the hydrogen storage alloy particles from passing. After the hydrogen storage alloy has the capacity of charging and discharging hydrogen, the whole device is convenient to fill new hydrogen storage alloy to replace the original hydrogen storage alloy through the jacket inlet under the condition that the whole device does not move, the operation is convenient, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage devices, in particular to a hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing hydrogen storage materials.
Background
With the development of society, fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas have not been able to meet the increasing demands of human beings, and the use of fossil fuels has resulted in deterioration of ecological environment, such as greenhouse effect. In addition, coal, oil, natural gas, etc. are non-renewable resources and reserves on earth are limited, and human beings cannot always rely on them. Therefore, many countries are researching and developing new alternative energy sources, such as hydrogen energy, wind energy, solar energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, water energy, ocean energy, and the like. The combustion heat value of hydrogen is high, and the energy after combustion of each kilogram of hydrogen is about 3 times of gasoline, 3.9 times of alcohol and 4.5 times of coke; the product of hydrogen combustion is water, so that zero pollution is caused to the environment; hydrogen is the most widely distributed material in the universe, which constitutes 75% of the total mass of the universe, is extremely abundant in reserves on earth, and is renewable and reusable, so hydrogen energy is considered to be an ideal energy source for humans, and has received widespread attention worldwide.
The fuel cell is an important mode of hydrogen energy application, has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, light weight, low noise and the like, and has good application prospect in the fields of transportation, distributed power generation, standby power supply and the like. The fuel cell uses hydrogen gas as fuel, and a stable and reliable hydrogen source is required. The current research on hydrogen energy is mainly divided into three aspects of hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and hydrogen application. Hydrogen storage is generally classified into gaseous hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, solid hydrogen storage, and the like. The main disadvantage of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is that the hydrogen storage density is small, the volume of the required steel cylinder is large, and great potential safety hazard exists; although the liquid hydrogen has higher hydrogen storage density, the liquid hydrogen needs to be maintained at low temperature, and the energy consumed by the liquefaction of the hydrogen (21K) is one third of that of the liquefied hydrogen, so that the safety problem exists; the solid hydrogen storage material stores hydrogen, and has the advantages of large volume hydrogen storage density, safety, high efficiency and the like. Therefore, solid-state hydrogen storage is the most actively studied hydrogen storage technology.
For example, chinese patent document with publication number CN 103883874a discloses a hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure, which belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage in the field of hydrogen energy. The structure of the hydrogen storage tank is as follows: the skirt is positioned at the bottom of the tank body; the hydrogen storage material bed body is positioned in the tank body; the air duct is positioned at the center of the inside of the tank body and is communicated with the tank opening from the bottom of the tank body; the filter disc is arranged in the tank opening, and the hydrogen cylinder valve is arranged outside the tank opening; the shell is positioned outside the tank body, and the two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a heat conducting liquid inlet and a heat conducting liquid outlet; and a heat exchange structure is arranged in the annular cavity between the shell and the tank body. The heat exchange structure is in a direct current shape, a folded current shape, a single spiral shape or a multi-spiral shape; the hydrogen storage material bed body is a uniform mixture of hydrogen storage materials and heat conducting fibers. The hydrogen storage tank has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture and processing and low cost; compared with the existing hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank has better heat exchange effect and more excellent hydrogen release performance.
Unlike "hydrogen absorption" and "dehydrogenation" of chemical catalytic reactions, solid hydrogen storage alloy materials (such as rare earth compounds (LaNi 5 ) LaNi) under certain temperature and pressure conditions 5 With gaseous H 2 Reversible reaction to generate hydride LaNi 5 H x . The relation between the pressure (P), the metal hydride component (C) and the temperature (T) is plotted into a curve, and under a certain temperature condition, when H 2 When the pressure exceeds the hydrogen absorption reaction pressure of the alloy, the alloy starts to absorb hydrogen, and as the hydrogen pressure increases, the hydrogen absorption amount of the alloy gradually increases until the hydrogen absorption reaction of the alloy reaches saturation, and even if the pressure is increased again, the alloy can not absorb hydrogen any more; when H is 2 When the pressure is reduced below the hydrogen release pressure, the metal hydride starts to gradually release hydrogen; during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process of the alloy, a platform area is usually present, and the hydrogen absorption amount of the platform area is along with H 2 The pressure increases rapidly; the width of the plateau region is related to the temperature, and the higher the temperature is, the narrower the plateau width is, and even the plateau region disappears; the hydrogen absorption curve and the hydrogen release curve at the same temperature do not coincide, and the hydrogen release pressure is lower than the hydrogen absorption pressure, and this phenomenon is called hysteresis. The same hydrogen absorption amount is required to be achieved at different temperatures, and higher pressure is required at high temperature, and the same is true when hydrogen is discharged, namely, the high-temperature hydrogen storage device has higher platform pressure; lani (LaNi) 5 The hydrogen absorption reaction has obvious platform area, and as the temperature increases,the pressure of the hydrogen absorption and desorption curve also rises.
The hydrogen absorbing and releasing process of the hydrogen storage material is a multiphase system: the hydrogen-hydrogen storage alloy (alpha phase) -metal hydride (beta phase) has two degrees of freedom of hydrogen pressure and phase transition temperature during the hydrogen absorption and desorption phase transition, namely, different phase transition temperatures exist in a system when different hydrogen pressures are given in the hydrogen absorption process.
By Lani 5 The hydrogen storage alloy is exemplified by the following reaction temperature T and corresponding hydrogen pressure P; the hydrogen absorption process is described as: the hydrogen storage alloy (alpha phase) is contacted with hydrogen, the hydrogen pressure is continuously increased, alpha-beta phase transformation occurs at the moment, heat is released, the temperature of the system is increased, along with the temperature increase, higher hydrogen pressure is required to be given to maintain the continuous progress of the phase transformation until the system is heated to about 60-80 ℃, the required hydrogen pressure is 1.8-2.4 MPa, if the hydrogen pressure is not increased any more, the released heat is required to be rapidly led out, the temperature of the system is maintained at 60-80 ℃, and the reaction (phase transformation) can be continuously carried out; conversely, if the heat is not timely led out, the temperature of the system can be continuously increased under the condition that the external air supply pressure is continuously increased; the hydrogen release process is described as: heating the hydride phase (beta phase), and increasing the pressure in the container with the temperature in a closed system (hydrogen does not flow out), for example, 30-50 ℃, 0.4-0.8MPa in the container, and 1-1.5MPa in the container after the temperature is increased to 60-80 ℃; if hydrogen is released at 80 ℃, the system needs to continuously supplement heat along with the release of hydrogen, if the heat is not timely supplemented, the pressure of the air outlet is reduced when the temperature in the system is reduced, and the constant hydrogen release pressure can not be maintained; saturated hydrogen absorption to form LaNi 5 H 6 A hydride phase. The above solid alloy hydrogen storage materials are used for realizing hydrogenation and hydrogen release in a physical reversible process by changing temperature and air pressure, and concretely refer to a hydrogen storage device disclosed in Chinese patent document with publication number of CN 215951102U. The solid alloy hydrogen storage material realizes the hydrogenation and the hydrogen release of the physical reversible process by changing the temperature and the air pressure, and can be specifically referred to a hydrogen storage device disclosed in Chinese patent document with publication number of CN215951102U, and the existing hydrogen storage device can be referred to a hydrogen storage device with publication number of CN102649565A, CN202752008U, CN113955110A, CN114151719A.
The hydrogen storage alloy has very high hydrogen storage capacity and good absorption and release dynamics characteristics, but the volume expansion of a unit cell of the hydrogen storage alloy is larger after the hydrogen absorption, and along with the progress of charge and discharge circulation, the crystal lattice is deformed, so that the alloy is severely differentiated and the specific surface is increased, and the capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy is rapidly attenuated. The more frequent the use, the more easy the loss of the replacement cycle, but the more inconvenient the replacement of the hydrogen storage alloy of the existing hydrogen storage device, the higher the equipment update cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a hydrogen storage and release device which is convenient for replacing hydrogen storage materials.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the hydrogen storage and release device comprises a cylinder body, wherein the two ends of the cylinder body are respectively provided with a tube plate so as to jointly enclose a shell side, and the cylinder body is provided with a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet so as to form a shell side runner, namely a shell side inlet, a cylinder body and a shell side outlet;
a plurality of jacket sleeves are arranged in the cylinder body, each jacket sleeve comprises an inner tube and an outer tube, a jacket annular cavity for placing hydrogen storage alloy is enclosed between the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tube, the tube plate is provided with a plate cavity communicated with the jacket annular cavity, the plate cavity is provided with a jacket inlet and a jacket outlet, so that a jacket runner, namely a jacket inlet, the plate cavity of the tube plate, the jacket annular cavity, the plate cavity of the other tube plate and the jacket outlet, is formed, and the hydrogen storage alloy in the jacket annular cavity is replaced through the jacket runner;
the side part of the tube plate, which is far away from the cylinder body, is provided with a tube box, the inner tube passes through the plate cavity of the corresponding tube plate to be communicated with the corresponding tube box, and the tube box is provided with a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet, so that a tube side flow channel, namely a tube side inlet, a tube box, an inner tube, another tube box and a tube side outlet, is formed;
the jacket pipe is densely provided with a plurality of ventilation holes along the length direction, through which hydrogen can pass to block hydrogen storage alloy particles from passing; the air holes are arranged on the wall of the inner tube, the tube side flow channel is used as a channel for flowing hydrogen, and the shell side flow channel is used as a channel for flowing heat exchange medium; or: the air holes are arranged on the wall of the outer tube, the shell side runner is used as a runner for flowing hydrogen, and the tube side runner is used as a runner for flowing heat exchange medium.
As a further alternative, the cylinder is arranged vertically, with the jacket inlet being located in the tube sheet at the upper end of the cylinder.
As a further alternative, the tube sheet is a unitary forging hollowed out structure, a plate welded structure, or an oblate tube welded structure.
As a further alternative, the tube sheet comprises a first side plate connecting the cylinder and a second side plate connecting the tube box, the plate cavity being located between the first side plate and the second side plate; the end part of the inner tube passes through the first side plate and the plate cavity and then is fixed on the second side plate communicating pipe box; the end of the outer tube is fixed in the first side plate communication plate cavity.
As a further alternative, the cylinder is provided with expansion joints.
As a further alternative, the ventilation holes are covered with a filter membrane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing the hydrogen storage material has the advantages that on one hand, the hydrogen storage alloy is placed through the jacket annular cavity in the jacket pipe, the hydrogen storage alloy particles are uniformly distributed, the contact area with hydrogen is large, and the hydrogenation and release efficiency is high; on the other hand, due to the arrangement of the jacket runner, after the hydrogen storage alloy charging and discharging capacity is reduced, the whole device is convenient to pour new hydrogen storage alloy into the jacket inlet to replace the original hydrogen storage alloy under the condition that the whole device does not move, the operation is convenient, and the cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hydrogen storage device that facilitates replacement of a hydrogen storage material, in accordance with an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view of a hydrogen storage device that facilitates replacement of a hydrogen storage material in an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view in cross-section of a hydrogen storage device that facilitates replacement of a hydrogen storage material in an embodiment.
Reference numerals:
a cylinder 1, a shell side 11, a shell side inlet 12, a shell side outlet 13 and an expansion joint 14;
tube sheet 2, plate cavity 21, jacket inlet 22, jacket outlet 23, first side plate 24, second side plate 25;
the sleeve 3, the inner tube 31, the outer tube 32, the sleeve ring cavity 33 and the ventilation holes 34;
a tube box 4, a tube side inlet 41 and a tube side outlet 42.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the hydrogen storage and release device of this embodiment includes a cylinder 1, two ends of the cylinder 1 are respectively provided with a tube plate 2 so as to jointly enclose a shell side 11, and the cylinder 1 is provided with a shell side inlet 12 and a shell side outlet 13 so as to form a shell side flow channel such as the shell side inlet 12-the cylinder 1-the shell side outlet 13. The side wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with an expansion joint 14 for overcoming the deformation difference caused by the temperature difference.
In this embodiment, a plurality of jacket tubes 3 (two are schematically shown in the drawing) are provided in the cylinder 1, each jacket tube 3 includes an inner tube 31 and an outer tube 32 which are coaxial and are unequal, a jacket annular chamber 33 for placing a hydrogen storage alloy is defined between the outer wall of the inner tube 31 and the inner wall of the outer tube 32, the tube plates 2 are provided with plate chambers 21 communicating with the jacket annular chamber 33, one of the tube plates 2 is provided with a jacket inlet 22, and the other tube plate 2 is provided with a jacket outlet 23, thereby forming jacket flow passages such as the jacket inlet 22-the plate chamber 21 of the tube plate 2-the jacket annular chamber 33-the plate chamber 21 of the other tube plate 2-the jacket outlet 23, so that the hydrogen storage alloy in the jacket annular chamber 33 is replaced via the jacket flow passages. The tube plate 2 is a hollow structure of an integral forging, a plate welding structure or an oblate tube welding structure (a circular tube is flattened and then sealing plates are welded at two ports), and can be manufactured in various manners.
In this embodiment, the side of the tube plate 2 facing away from the cylinder 1 is provided with a tube box 4, the inner tube 31 passes through the plate cavity 21 of the corresponding tube plate 2 to be communicated with the corresponding tube box 4, and the tube box 4 is provided with a tube side inlet 41 and a tube side outlet 42, so as to form a tube side flow passage, i.e. a tube side inlet 41, a tube box 4, the inner tube 31, and another tube box 4, i.e. a tube side outlet 42.
In this embodiment, the wall of the inner tube 31 is densely provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 34 along the length direction, and the aperture of the ventilation holes 34 is as follows: hydrogen gas can pass through to block hydrogen storage alloy particles from passing through; the pore diameter of the specific ventilation holes 34 can be 0.1-0.9 times of that of the hydrogen storage alloy particles, or the ventilation holes 34 are covered with a filtering membrane, so that the ventilation holes 34 can be slightly larger for processing, and the filtering membrane is breathable and can prevent the hydrogen storage alloy particles from passing through. The ventilation holes 34 of the inner tube 31 may be arranged only at the section corresponding to the cylinder 1, or may be arranged at the section of the inner tube 31 corresponding to the plate cavity 21, and the plate cavity 21 is filled with hydrogen storage alloy, thereby fully utilizing the internal space.
In practical application, the tube side flow channel is used as a channel for flowing hydrogen, the tube side outlet 42 is closed in the hydrogenation process, hydrogen is injected from the tube side inlet 41, and hydrogen in the inner tube 31 is added into the hydrogen storage alloy through the ventilation holes 34 to store by adjusting the hydrogen storage alloy particles to a preset temperature range through the tube wall of the outer tube 32 by the heat exchange medium flowing in the shell side flow channel. In the hydrogen release process, the tube side outlet 42 is opened, the tube side inlet 41 is closed, the heat exchange medium with the other temperature of the shell side runner adjusts the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy to the other preset temperature range, so that the hydrogen storage alloy in the clamping ring cavity 33 releases hydrogen, enters the inner tube 31 through the air holes 34 and flows out of the tube side outlet 42.
The jacket inlet 22 and the jacket outlet 23 are normally closed and are opened when the hydrogen storage alloy particles in the jacket ring cavity 33 need to be replaced, so that new hydrogen storage alloy particles can be filled in the jacket inlet 22, and the original hydrogen storage alloy particles are pushed to flow out of the jacket outlet 23 through the incoming hydrogen storage alloy particles. Or the original hydrogen storage alloy particles can be flushed out by air pressure or water pressure, and then new hydrogen storage alloy particles can be filled.
The actual non-preferred changes can be: a plurality of ventilation holes 34 are arranged on the wall of the outer tube 32, and the shell side flow passage serves as a flow passage for flowing hydrogen gas and the tube side flow passage serves as a flow passage for flowing heat exchange medium.
Compared with the prior art, on one hand, the hydrogen storage alloy is placed through the clamping ring cavity 33 in the clamping ring, the hydrogen storage alloy particles are uniformly distributed, the contact area with hydrogen is large, and the hydrogenation and hydrogen release efficiency is high; on the other hand, due to the arrangement of the jacket runner, after the hydrogen storage alloy charging and discharging capacity is reduced, the novel hydrogen storage alloy is conveniently filled into the jacket through the jacket inlet to replace the original hydrogen storage alloy under the condition that the whole device does not move, the operation is convenient, the cost is low, and the device is particularly suitable for medium-large-scale hydrogen charging and discharging equipment.
In the embodiment, the cylinder 1 is vertically arranged, the jacket inlet 22 is positioned on the tube plate 2 at the upper end of the cylinder 1, and when the hydrogen storage alloy particles are replaced, the jacket outlet 23 is opened, so that the hydrogen storage alloy particles can flow out due to gravity conveniently.
In this embodiment, the tube plate 2 includes a first side plate 24 connected to the tube body 1 and a second side plate 25 connected to the tube box 4, and the plate cavity 21 is located between the first side plate 24 and the second side plate 25; the end part of the inner tube 31 passes through the first side plate 24 and the plate cavity 21 and then is fixed on the second side plate 25 to communicate with the pipe box 4; the end of the outer tube 32 is fixed to the first side plate 24 to communicate with the plate chamber 21.
In practice, an expansion joint may be provided on the wall of the cylinder 1, so as to facilitate the handling of thermal elongation deformation of the jacket pipe 3.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "secured" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the drawings, the specific connection modes of all parts adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets and welding in the prior art, the machinery, the parts and the equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection modes in the prior art, so that the details are not described.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing hydrogen storage materials, which is characterized in that: the shell-side flow channel comprises a barrel, wherein the two ends of the barrel are respectively provided with a tube plate so as to jointly enclose a shell side, and the barrel is provided with a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet so as to form a shell side flow channel, namely a shell side inlet, a barrel and a shell side outlet;
a plurality of jacket sleeves are arranged in the cylinder body, each jacket sleeve comprises an inner tube and an outer tube, a jacket annular cavity for placing hydrogen storage alloy is enclosed between the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tube, the tube plate is provided with a plate cavity communicated with the jacket annular cavity, the plate cavity is provided with a jacket inlet and a jacket outlet, so that a jacket runner, namely a jacket inlet, the plate cavity of the tube plate, the jacket annular cavity, the plate cavity of the other tube plate and the jacket outlet, is formed, and the hydrogen storage alloy in the jacket annular cavity is replaced through the jacket runner;
the side part of the tube plate, which is far away from the cylinder body, is provided with a tube box, the inner tube passes through the plate cavity of the corresponding tube plate to be communicated with the corresponding tube box, and the tube box is provided with a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet, so that a tube side flow channel, namely a tube side inlet, a tube box, an inner tube, another tube box and a tube side outlet, is formed;
the jacket pipe is densely provided with a plurality of ventilation holes along the length direction, through which hydrogen can pass to block hydrogen storage alloy particles from passing; the air holes are arranged on the wall of the inner tube, the tube side flow channel is used as a channel for flowing hydrogen, and the shell side flow channel is used as a channel for flowing heat exchange medium; or: the air holes are arranged on the wall of the outer tube, the shell side runner is used as a runner for flowing hydrogen, and the tube side runner is used as a runner for flowing heat exchange medium.
2. A hydrogen storage and release device for facilitating replacement of hydrogen storage materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylinder body is vertically arranged, and the jacket inlet is positioned on the tube plate at the upper end of the cylinder body.
3. A hydrogen storage and release device for facilitating replacement of hydrogen storage materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tube plate is of an integral forging hollowed structure, a plate welding structure or an oblate tube welding structure.
4. A hydrogen storage and release device for facilitating replacement of hydrogen storage materials according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the tube plate comprises a first side plate connected with the cylinder body and a second side plate connected with the tube box, and the plate cavity is positioned between the first side plate and the second side plate; the end part of the inner tube passes through the first side plate and the plate cavity and then is fixed on the second side plate communicating pipe box; the end of the outer tube is fixed in the first side plate communication plate cavity.
5. A hydrogen storage and release device for facilitating replacement of hydrogen storage materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylinder is provided with an expansion joint.
6. A hydrogen storage and release device for facilitating replacement of hydrogen storage materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air holes are covered with a filtering membrane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311291413.5A CN117307953A (en) | 2023-10-07 | 2023-10-07 | Hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing hydrogen storage material |
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| CN202311291413.5A CN117307953A (en) | 2023-10-07 | 2023-10-07 | Hydrogen storage and release device convenient for replacing hydrogen storage material |
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