CN103883874B - A kind of hydrogen storing tank with outer heat exchange structure - Google Patents
A kind of hydrogen storing tank with outer heat exchange structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103883874B CN103883874B CN201210566858.5A CN201210566858A CN103883874B CN 103883874 B CN103883874 B CN 103883874B CN 201210566858 A CN201210566858 A CN 201210566858A CN 103883874 B CN103883874 B CN 103883874B
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- hydrogen storage
- tank
- heat exchange
- hydrogen
- exchange structure
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004688 Ti-V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010968 Ti—V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hydrogen storing tank with outer heat exchange structure, belong to the hydrogen storage technology field in Hydrogen Energy field.The structure of hydrogen storing tank of the present invention is: skirt is positioned at the bottom of tank body; Hydrogen storage material bed body is positioned at tank body; Air pipe is positioned at tank interior central position, and leads directly to tank mouth from the bottom of tank body; Tank mouth inside is provided with filter sheet, and tank mouth outside is provided with hydrogen cylinder valve; Shell is positioned at the outside of described tank body, and the two ends of shell are respectively equipped with heat conducting liquid entrance and heat conducting liquid outlet; Heat exchange structure is provided with in annular housing between shell and tank body.Heat exchange structure is direct current shape, baffling shape, single-screw shape or many spiralitys; Hydrogen storage material bed body is the homogeneous mixture of hydrogen storage material and heat conducting fiber.Hydrogen storing tank structure provided by the invention is simple, making easy processing, and cost is low; Have better heat transfer effect compared with existing hydrogen storing tank, hydrogen discharging performance is more excellent.<!--1-->
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage in the field of hydrogen energy, and particularly relates to a hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure.
Background
With the development of society, fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas cannot meet the increasing demand of human beings, and the use of fossil fuels causes the deterioration of ecological environment, such as greenhouse effect. In addition, coal, oil, natural gas, and the like are non-renewable resources and the reserves on the earth are limited, and humans cannot always rely on them. Therefore, many countries are researching and developing new alternative energy sources, such as hydrogen energy, wind energy, solar energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, water energy, ocean energy, etc. The combustion heat value of hydrogen is high, and the energy of hydrogen per kilogram after combustion is about 3 times that of gasoline, 3.9 times that of alcohol and 4.5 times that of coke; the product of hydrogen combustion is water, and has zero pollution to the environment; hydrogen is the most widely distributed substance in the universe, and constitutes 75% of the total mass of the universe, and is extremely abundant in the earth, renewable and reusable, so that hydrogen energy is considered as an ideal energy source for human beings and has received wide attention all over the world.
The fuel cell is an important way for applying hydrogen energy, has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, light weight, low noise and the like, and has good application prospect in the fields of transportation, distributed power generation, standby power supply and the like. Fuel cells use hydrogen as a fuel and require a stable and reliable source of hydrogen. At present, the main practical hydrogen storage modes are three types: high pressure container hydrogen storage (such as steel cylinder), low temperature liquid hydrogen storage tank (low temperature dewar tank) and hydrogen storage material hydrogen storage tank. The hydrogen storage material hydrogen storage tank realizes the storage of hydrogen by utilizing the reaction of the hydrogen and the hydrogen storage material, has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density, good safety, high hydrogen purity and the like compared with other hydrogen storage modes, and can provide a stable and reliable hydrogen source for the fuel cell.
The hydrogen storage material can generate a large amount of heat when absorbing hydrogen, and needs to absorb heat from the outside when releasing hydrogen, and the temperature has great influence on the hydrogen absorbing and releasing rate of the hydrogen storage alloy, so that the heat exchange performance of the hydrogen storage material hydrogen storage tank is improved for ensuring the rapid hydrogen absorbing and releasing of the hydrogen storage material hydrogen storage tank. The Chinese patent CN202048351U sets up honeycomb heat transfer structure in the hydrogen storage tank, has improved the inside heat transfer ability of hydrogen storage tank, but it does not strengthen the heat transfer of hydrogen storage tank and environment, and its cost of manufacture is high, and the processing degree of difficulty is big. A certain amount of heat exchange fins are arranged outside the hydrogen storage tank, heat exchange is carried out through air, although the heat exchange area between the hydrogen storage tank and the environment is increased, the heat exchange of the air is poor, and the structure has a limit on improving the heat exchange performance of the hydrogen storage tank (such as patents CN2861702Y, CN1609499A, CN2658543Y, CN201562717U and the like). Patent CN2667678Y discloses a hydrogen storage tank with interior spiral heat pipe improves hydrogen storage tank inside heat exchange efficiency, but the heat transfer area of spiral heat pipe is limited, can't improve hydrogen storage tank's performance by a wide margin, and the spiral heat exchange tube makes hydrogen storage tank's inner structure complicated, can't guarantee hydrogen storage material's homogeneity, will unable guarantee its fail safe nature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure.
A hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure has the following structure:
the hydrogen storage tank consists of a skirt 1, a heat conducting liquid inlet 2, a shell 3, a heat exchange structure 4, a tank body 5, an air duct 6, a hydrogen storage material bed body 7, a heat conducting liquid outlet 8, a filter plate 9 and a hydrogen cylinder valve 10.
The skirt 1 is positioned at the bottom of the tank body 5; the hydrogen storage material bed body 7 is positioned in the tank body 5; the gas guide pipe 6 is positioned in the center of the interior of the tank body 5 and is directly communicated with the tank opening from the bottom of the tank body 5; a filter disc 9 is arranged inside the tank opening, and a hydrogen cylinder valve 10 is arranged outside the tank opening; the shell 3 is positioned outside the tank body 5, and both ends of the shell 3 are respectively provided with a heat-conducting liquid inlet 2 and a heat-conducting liquid outlet 8; a heat exchange structure 4 is arranged in the annular cavity between the shell 3 and the tank body 5;
wherein,
the outer diameter of the tank body 5 is 60-180 mm, and the length is 500-2500 mm;
the outer diameter of the shell 3 is 10-50 mm larger than the outer diameter of the tank body 5, the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the length is consistent with that of the tank body 5;
the heat exchange structure 4 is in a direct-current shape, a zigzag shape, a single spiral shape or a multi-spiral shape, and is arranged in an annular cavity between the shell 3 and the tank body 5 to form a heat conducting liquid channel; the heat-conducting liquid is forced to flow along the channel in the heat exchange structure, so that the heat exchange effect is greatly enhanced;
the hydrogen storage material bed body 7 is an even mixture of hydrogen storage materials and heat conducting fibers; the hydrogen storage material is a rare earth system AB5Type and titanium AB2Any one of type AB and type Ti-V solid solutions and high-capacity light hydrogen storage materials; the heat conducting fiber is made of any one of aluminum, copper and carbon; the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the heat conducting fibers is 98: 2-90: 10;
the gas guide tube 6 and the filter sheet 9 are copper powder or stainless steel sintered bodies prepared by a powder metallurgy method, the filtering precision is 0.5-5 microns, hydrogen storage material powder can be effectively blocked, and meanwhile, the smoothness of hydrogen is guaranteed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the hydrogen storage tank with the external heat exchange structure provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in manufacturing and processing and low cost; the heat exchange structure is arranged outside the hydrogen storage tank, so that the heat exchange area of the hydrogen storage tank is increased, the flowing distance of the heat-conducting liquid is greatly increased by the heat exchange structure, and the heat exchange effect is further improved; compared with the existing hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank has better heat exchange effect and more excellent hydrogen discharge performance, can continuously discharge hydrogen for 190min under the hydrogen flow condition of 57SL/min, and has the hydrogen discharge rate as high as 98 percent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change with time of the hydrogen pressure (curve A), the hydrogen discharge flow rate (curve B) and the cumulative hydrogen discharge amount (curve C) when hydrogen is discharged at a hydrogen flow rate of 57SL/min using the hydrogen storage tank of the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a dc type heat exchanging structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a baffle type heat exchange structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single spiral heat exchange structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-spiral heat exchange structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure has the following structure:
the skirt 1 is positioned at the bottom of the tank body 5; the hydrogen storage material bed body 7 is positioned in the tank body 5; the gas guide pipe 6 is positioned in the center of the interior of the tank body 5 and is directly communicated with the tank opening from the bottom of the tank body 5; a filter disc 9 is arranged inside the tank opening, and a hydrogen cylinder valve 10 is arranged outside the tank opening; the shell 3 is positioned outside the tank body 5, and the shell 3 is provided with a heat-conducting liquid inlet 2 and a heat-conducting liquid outlet 8; a heat exchange structure 4 is arranged in the annular cavity between the shell 3 and the tank body 5; the hydrogen cylinder valve 10 and the tank body 5 are sealed by raw material belts;
wherein the tank body 5 is formed by welding a stainless steel seamless pipe and a seal head, and has the outer diameter of 140mm and the length of 1200 mm;
the outer diameter of the shell 3 is 160mm, and is formed by coiling and welding stainless steel plates with the thickness of 2mm,
the heat exchange structure 4 adopts a single spiral heat exchange structure as shown in FIG. 5, and the thread pitch is 50 mm; the skirt is made of a stainless steel sheet with the thickness of 2mm, and two ends of the skirt are respectively welded and fixed with the skirt 1 and the tank body 5;
the gas-guide tube 6 and the filter sheet 9 are stainless steel sintered bodies manufactured by a powder metallurgy method, the filtering precision is 1 micron, and the diameter of the gas-guide tube 6 is 12 mm;
the hydrogen storage material is Ti0.97Zr0.03(VFeMn)2The heat-conducting fiber is an aluminum wire, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage material to the heat-conducting fiber is 95: 5;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the time-dependent changes of the hydrogen pressure (curve A), the hydrogen discharge flow (curve B) and the accumulated hydrogen discharge amount (curve C) when the hydrogen storage tank with the external heat exchange structure discharges hydrogen at the hydrogen flow rate of 57SL/min under the water heat exchange condition of 65 ℃. Therefore, the hydrogen storage tank can stably work for 190min at the hydrogen flow rate of 57SL/min, the accumulated hydrogen release rate is 10.7 cubic meters, the hydrogen release rate reaches 98 percent, and the hydrogen release performance is good.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a direct-flow heat exchange structure, which has the advantages of small resistance to the heat transfer fluid and the disadvantages of uneven heat exchange under the condition of small flow of the heat transfer fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency at the bottom is higher than that at the top;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a baffled heat exchange structure, which has the advantage of ensuring the uniformity of heat exchange of the heat transfer liquid, but has the disadvantage of large resistance to the heat transfer liquid;
fig. 5 and 6 are respectively a single-spiral heat exchange structure and a multi-spiral heat exchange structure, which combine the advantages of the direct-flow heat exchange structure and the baffled heat exchange structure, thus ensuring the uniformity of heat exchange and having smaller resistance to heat-conducting liquid;
the heat exchange structure of the above forms is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and meanwhile, the heat exchange effect is excellent.
Claims (7)
1. A hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure is characterized in that the structure of the hydrogen storage tank is as follows:
the skirt (1) is positioned at the bottom of the tank body (5); the hydrogen storage material bed body (7) is positioned in the tank body (5); the air duct (6) is positioned in the center of the interior of the tank body (5) and is directly communicated with the tank opening from the bottom of the tank body (5); a filter disc (9) is arranged inside the tank opening, and a hydrogen cylinder valve (10) is arranged outside the tank opening; the shell (3) is positioned outside the tank body (5), and both ends of the shell (3) are respectively provided with a heat-conducting liquid inlet (2) and a heat-conducting liquid outlet (8); a heat exchange structure (4) is arranged in the annular cavity between the shell (3) and the tank body (5); the hydrogen storage material bed body (7) is an even mixture of hydrogen storage materials and heat conducting fibers, the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage materials to the heat conducting fibers is 98: 2-90: 10, and the heat conducting fibers are made of any one of aluminum, copper and carbon.
2. The hydrogen storage tank with the external heat exchange structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the tank body (5) is 60 to 180mm, and the length is 500 to 2500 mm.
3. The hydrogen storage tank with the external heat exchange structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the outer shell (3) is 10-50 mm larger than the outer diameter of the tank body (5), the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the length is consistent with that of the tank body (5).
4. The hydrogen storage tank with the external heat exchange structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange structure (4) is in a straight flow shape, a folded flow shape, a single spiral shape or a multiple spiral shape.
5. The hydrogen storage tank with an external heat exchange structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage material is any one of rare earth AB5 type, titanium AB2 type and AB type, titanium vanadium solid solution and high capacity light hydrogen storage material.
6. The hydrogen storage tank with the external heat exchange structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas guide tube (6) and the filter sheet (9) are copper powder or stainless steel sintered body manufactured by a powder metallurgy method.
7. The hydrogen storage tank with the external heat exchange structure is characterized in that the filtering precision of the air guide pipe (6) and the filter sheet (9) is 0.5-5 microns.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210566858.5A CN103883874B (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | A kind of hydrogen storing tank with outer heat exchange structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210566858.5A CN103883874B (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | A kind of hydrogen storing tank with outer heat exchange structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103883874A CN103883874A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| CN103883874B true CN103883874B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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| CN201210566858.5A Active CN103883874B (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | A kind of hydrogen storing tank with outer heat exchange structure |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106151869B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2024-03-12 | 石家庄安瑞科气体机械有限公司 | Solid-state high-pressure mixed hydrogen storage device |
| CN106594518B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-11-20 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of metal hydride hydrogen storage unit with high efficient heat exchanging |
| CN110542015B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-07-30 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | Enhanced heat exchange alloy hydrogen storage tank |
| CN110788331B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2022-10-11 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Copper-containing composite hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof, composite solid hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen storage performance testing method |
| CN110783601B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽伯华氢能源科技有限公司 | Heat exchange device and heating system |
| CN110788329B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Carbon-containing composite hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof, composite solid hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen storage performance testing method |
| CN110788330B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2022-02-11 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Aluminum-containing composite hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof, composite solid hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen storage performance testing method |
| CN111370732B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2022-12-16 | 安徽伯华氢能源科技有限公司 | Heating system of hydrogen storage tank group |
| CN111430754A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-17 | 上海亿氢科技有限公司 | Solid hydrogen storage waste heat recovery device for hydrogen fuel cell |
| CN111879156B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江大学 | Heat exchange method based on heat exchange structure of full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container |
| CN112066242B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2023-07-04 | 太原科技大学 | Solid hydrogen source device for hydrogen fuel |
| CN114060718A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-18 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen-absorbing low-strain metal hydride hydrogen storage tank capable of realizing effective heat exchange |
| CN114737299A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-12 | 云路复合材料(上海)有限公司 | Carbon fiber composite hydrogen storage tank preformed body weaving forming method |
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| KR101042299B1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2011-06-17 | 기아자동차주식회사 | Hydrogen storing system for fuel cell vehicle |
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- 2012-12-24 CN CN201210566858.5A patent/CN103883874B/en active Active
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