CN117304047A - 一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其制备方法和应用以及一种抗抑郁症药物 - Google Patents
一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其制备方法和应用以及一种抗抑郁症药物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117304047A CN117304047A CN202311237697.XA CN202311237697A CN117304047A CN 117304047 A CN117304047 A CN 117304047A CN 202311237697 A CN202311237697 A CN 202311237697A CN 117304047 A CN117304047 A CN 117304047A
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- schisandra
- fatty amine
- carboxylic acid
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Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,提供了一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其制备方法和应用以及一种抗抑郁症药物。其中,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的制备方法包含下列步骤:将五味子酚、叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、缩合剂和溶剂混合,进行缩合反应得到中间体;将中间体、四氢呋喃和酸的四氢呋喃溶液混合,进行水解反应得到脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯。本发明提供的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或其衍生物与传统抗抑郁药物氟西汀抗抑郁效果相当。本发明提供的抗抑郁药物具有抗抑郁效果显著、起效快、用药量少、副作用小等优点,有望成为快速、高效、新机制的抗抑郁新药。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其制备方法和应用以及一种抗抑郁症药物。
背景技术
重性抑郁障碍(Majordepressive disorder,MDD)是一种严重的、反复发作的致残性精神疾病,已成为迫切需要解决的重大公共卫生问题。抑郁症临床可见心境低落、情绪消沉、自卑抑郁,甚至悲观厌世,可有自杀企图或行为。目前临床上一线的抗抑郁药主要包括选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂、5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂等,但这类药物起效慢,作用谱窄,停药后易复发。虽然使用多种抗抑郁药物治疗,但仍有约30%的患者会成为难治性抑郁症(Treatment-resistant Depression,TRD)。这类难治型抑郁症病人存在着更高的自杀风险和社会负担风险。因此,寻找新的、依从性好、副作用少、具有新型药理机制的抗抑郁症药物具有重大临床需求,也是目前研究的热点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的问题,提供一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其制备方法和应用以及一种抗抑郁症药物。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯,所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的结构式为:
本发明还提供了所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的制备方法,包含下列步骤:
(1)将五味子酚、叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、缩合剂和溶剂混合,进行缩合反应得到中间体;
(2)将中间体、四氢呋喃和酸的四氢呋喃溶液混合,进行水解反应得到所述的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯。
作为优选,步骤(1)所述缩合剂包含碳二亚胺盐酸盐,二环己基碳二亚胺、2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯和1-羟基苯并三唑中的一种或几种;
所述溶剂包含二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种。
作为优选,步骤(1)所述五味子酚、叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、缩合剂和溶剂的质量体积比为45~55mg:45~55mg:55~65mg:3~7mL;
所述缩合反应的温度为10~60℃,时间为30~50h。
作为优选,步骤(2)所述酸的四氢呋喃溶液中酸包含盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、樟脑磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、吡啶对甲苯磺酸盐和吡啶氢氟酸盐中的一种或几种;
所述酸的四氢呋喃溶液中酸的浓度为0.2~0.5mol/L。
作为优选,步骤(2)所述中间体、四氢呋喃和酸的四氢呋喃溶液的质量体积比为45~55mg:1~3mL:0.1~0.3mL;
所述水解反应的温度为25~60℃,时间为5~15h。
本发明还提供了所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物,所述衍生物包含脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的互变异构体、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的对映体、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的非对映体或脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯在药学上可接受的盐。
作为优选,所述药学上可接受的盐包含盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、水杨酸盐、氨基酸盐、枸杞酸盐、马来酸盐、酒石酸盐、富马酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、锂盐、铵盐和能提供生理上可接受的阳离子的有机碱的盐中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供了所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物在制备抗抑郁症药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种抗抑郁症药物,所述抗抑郁症药物包含脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯以及药学上可接受的辅助成分;
或脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物以及药学上可接受的辅助成分。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明提供的抗抑郁药物具有抗抑郁效果显著、起效快、用药量少、副作用小等优点,有望成为快速、高效、新机制的抗抑郁新药。本发明提供的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或其衍生物在哺乳动物小鼠悬尾实验中,具有快速抗抑郁症的功效,且与常规抗抑郁药物氟西汀作用相当。
(2)本发明提供的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或其衍生物与氟西汀显示出相当的抗抑郁效果。在小鼠动物模型悬尾实验中发现,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物高剂量组小鼠(10mg/kg)在注射后60min抑郁症状开始缓解,即活动量相对空白对照组越来越频繁,明显缩短不动时间;注射5天后脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物开始明显缩短强迫游泳不动时间。脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物在剂量(10mg/kg)等于氟西汀(10mg/kg)的情况下,与氟西汀的抗抑郁效果相当。
(3)本发明进行了小鼠开野实验,与对照组相比,高浓度脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物对小鼠自主活动无显著影响,故可排除兴奋剂引起躁狂的可能性,证明脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物确实具有显著的抗抑郁作用。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中中间体的1HNMR谱图;
图2为实施例1中脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的1HNMR谱图;
图3为实施例1中脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的13CNMR谱图;
图4为实施例1中脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的HR-ESI-MS图;
图5为试验例1中不同药物注射60min后对小鼠悬尾实验的影响示意图(纵坐标:Immobility Time(s)表示为悬尾实验中小鼠的不动时间(s),横坐标:CON表示为DMSO对照组,WWZF-3低表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯低剂量组(WWZF-3-低,5mg/kg,溶于DMSO),WWZF-3高表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组(WWZF-3-高,10mg/kg,溶于DMSO),FLX表示为传统抗抑郁药物氟西汀阳性对照组(10mg/kg氟西汀,DMSO溶解));
图6为试验例2中不同药物注射5天后对小鼠游泳实验的影响示意图(纵坐标:Immobility Time(s)表示为强迫游泳实验中小鼠的不动时间(s),横坐标:CON表示为DMSO对照组,WWZF-3低表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯低剂量组(WWZF-3-低,5mg/kg,溶于DMSO),WWZF-3高表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组(WWZF-3-高,10mg/kg,溶于DMSO),FLX表示为传统抗抑郁药物氟西汀阳性对照组(10mg/kg氟西汀,DMSO溶解)),氟西汀阳性对照组(10mg/kg))。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯,所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的结构式为:
本发明还提供了所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的制备方法,包含下列步骤:
(1)将五味子酚、叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、缩合剂和溶剂混合,进行缩合反应得到中间体;
(2)将中间体、四氢呋喃和酸的四氢呋喃溶液混合,进行水解反应得到所述的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯。
在本发明中,步骤(1)中叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林的参考文献为HighlyEnantioselective Thiolysis ofProchiral Cyclic Anhydrides Catalyzed byAminoAlcohol Bifunctional Organocatalysts and Its Application to theSynthesisofPregabalin,Hong-Jun Yang,Fang-Jun Xiong,Xiao-Fei Chen,Fen-Er Chen,European Journal ofOrganic Chemistry,2013,No.21:4495-4498;https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201300464.,步骤(1)所述缩合剂优选包含碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDCI),二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)、2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)和1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,所述溶剂包含二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,步骤(1)所述五味子酚、叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、缩合剂和溶剂的质量体积比优选为45~55mg:45~55mg:55~65mg:3~7mL,进一步优选为47~53mg:47~53mg:57~63mg:4~6mL,更优选为50~51mg:50~51mg:60~61mg:5~5.5mL。
在本发明中,步骤(1)反应时还可以加入碱性物质,所述碱类物质优选包含吡啶、哌啶、二异丙胺、乙二胺、三乙胺、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、碳酸铯和碳酸钾中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,步骤(1)加入碱性物质时,所述碱性物质与叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林的质量比优选为1:10~20,进一步优选为1:12~18,更优选为1:13~15。
在本发明中,步骤(1)所述缩合反应的方程式为:
在本发明中,所述缩合反应的温度优选为10~60℃,进一步优选为25~50℃,更优选为30~40℃;所述缩合反应的搅拌转速优选为50~900r/s,进一步优选为100~700r/s,更优选为200~500r/s;时间优选为30~50h,进一步优选为35~45h,更优选为38~40h。
在本发明中,步骤(1)反应结束后,在体系中加入乙酸乙酯和水,进行萃取分液,将得到的有机相使用无水硫酸钠进行干燥,然后依次进行过滤、浓缩和柱层析,得到中间体。
在本发明中,柱层析所用洗脱剂包含石油醚(PE)和乙酸乙酯(EA),所述PE和EA的体积比优选为4.5~5.5:1,进一步优选为4.7~5.3:1,更优选为5.0~5.1:1;所述干燥、浓缩采用本领域常规技术手段完成即可。
在本发明中,步骤(2)所述酸的四氢呋喃溶液中酸优选包含盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、樟脑磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、吡啶对甲苯磺酸盐和吡啶氢氟酸盐中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,所述酸的四氢呋喃溶液中酸的浓度优选为0.2~0.5mol/L,进一步优选为0.25~0.45mol/L,更优选为0.3~0.4mol/L。
在本发明中,步骤(2)所述中间体、四氢呋喃和酸的四氢呋喃溶液的质量体积比优选为45~55mg:1~3mL:0.1~0.3mL,进一步优选为47~53mg:1.5~2.5mL:0.15~0.25mL,更优选为50~51mg:2~2.3mL:0.2~0.23mL。
在本发明中,步骤(2)所述混合优选为先将中间体和四氢呋喃进行初步混合,然后再逐滴滴加酸的四氢呋喃溶液。
在本发明中,步骤(2)所述水解反应的方程式为:
在本发明中,所述水解反应的温度优选为25~60℃,进一步优选为30~55℃,更优选为35~45℃;所述水解反应的搅拌转速50~900r/s,进一步优选为100~700r/s,更优选为200~500r/s;时间优选为5~15h,进一步优选为7~13h,更优选为10~11h。
在本发明中,步骤(2)水解反应结束后,进行浓缩,得到所述的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯。
在本发明中,所述浓缩采用本领域常规技术手段完成即可。
本发明还提供了所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物,所述衍生物包含脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的互变异构体、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的对映体、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的非对映体或脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯在药学上可接受的盐。
在本发明中,所述药学上可接受的盐优选包含盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、水杨酸盐、氨基酸盐、枸杞酸盐、马来酸盐、酒石酸盐、富马酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、锂盐、铵盐和能提供生理上可接受的阳离子的有机碱的盐中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供了所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物在制备抗抑郁症药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种抗抑郁症药物,所述抗抑郁症药物包含脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯以及药学上可接受的辅助成分;
或脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物以及药学上可接受的辅助成分。
在本发明中,所述抗抑郁症药物优选还包含同时施用对治疗抑郁症有积极作用的药物成分。
在本发明中,所述对治疗抑郁症有积极作用的药物成分优选包含:单胺氧化酶抑制剂(MAOI)、三环类抗抑郁药(TCA)、选择性五羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)、五羟色胺及去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRI)、去甲肾上腺素能和特异性5-HT受体拮抗剂(NASSA)、5-HT拮抗和再摄取抑制剂、褪黑素及5-HT2C受体拮抗剂、草药类或氯胺酮类。
在本发明中,所述单胺氧化酶抑制剂(MAOI)优选包含异卡波肼、吗氯贝胺和苯乙肼中的一种或几种;所述三环类抗抑郁药(TCA)优选包含阿米替林、丙米嗪、氯丙嗪和多塞平及氯米帕明中的一种或几种;所述选择性五羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)优选包含氟西汀(百优解)、帕罗西汀(赛乐特)、氟伏沙明(fluvoxamine,兰释)、舍曲林(sertraline,左洛复)、西酞普兰(citalopram,西普妙)和艾司西酞普兰(escitalopram,来士普)中的一种或几种;所述五羟色胺及去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRI)优选包含文拉法辛和/或度洛西汀;所述去甲肾上腺素能和特异性5-HT受体拮抗剂(NASSA)优选包含米氮平;所述5-HT拮抗和再摄取抑制剂优选包含奈法唑酮和/或曲唑酮;所述褪黑素及5-HT2C受体拮抗剂优选包含阿戈美拉汀;所述草药类优选包含圣约翰草(St.Jonh’s wort)、噻奈普汀、伏硫西汀(又称沃替西汀,Vortioxetine)和安非他酮(Bupropion)中的一种或几种;所述氯胺酮类优选包含S-氯胺酮和/或氯胺酮鼻饲剂。
在本发明中,所述抗抑郁症药物的给药剂型优选为溶液类、胶体类、颗粒、乳剂、混悬剂、片剂、胶囊、气雾剂、丸剂、粉剂、栓剂、冲剂或冻干粉针剂。
在本发明中,所述抗抑郁症药物优选制成普通制剂、缓释制剂、控释制剂、靶向制剂或各种微粒给药系统。
在本发明中,所述抗抑郁症药物的给药方式优选为口服、鼻喷、滴注或注射,给药对象为哺乳动物,所述哺乳动物包含人。
在本发明中,所述抗抑郁症药物的给药途径优选为肠道或非肠道,更优选为口服、肌肉、皮下、鼻腔、口腔粘膜、皮肤、腹膜或直肠。
在本发明中,当抗抑郁症药物以注射的形式给药时,优选包含静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射、皮内注射或穴位注射。
在本发明中,当抗抑郁症药物以片剂的形式给药时,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体;所述载体优选包含稀释剂与吸收剂、湿润剂与粘合剂、崩解剂、崩解抑制剂、吸收促进剂和润滑剂;所述稀释剂与吸收剂优选包含淀粉、糊精、硫酸钙、乳糖、甘露醇、蔗糖、氯化钠、葡萄糖、尿素、碳酸钙、白陶土、微晶纤维素和硅酸铝中的一种或几种;所述湿润剂与粘合剂优选包含水、聚乙二醇、乙醇、丙醇、淀粉浆、糊精、糖浆、蜂蜜、葡萄糖溶液、阿拉伯胶浆、明胶浆、羧甲基纤维素钠、紫胶、甲基纤维素、磷酸钾、和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或几种;所述崩解剂优选包含干燥淀粉、海藻酸盐、琼脂粉、褐藻淀粉、碳酸氢钠、枸橼酸、碳酸钙、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素和乙基纤维素中的一种或几种;所述崩解抑制剂优选包含蔗糖、三硬脂酸甘油酯、可可脂和氢化油中的一种或几种;所述吸收促进剂优选包含季铵盐和/或十二烷基硫酸钠;所述润滑剂优选包含滑石粉、二氧化硅、玉米淀粉、硬脂酸盐、硼酸、液体石蜡和聚乙二醇中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,当抗抑郁症药物以片剂的形式给药时,还可以将片剂进一步制成包衣片、双层片或多层片;所述包衣片优选为糖包衣片、薄膜包衣片或肠溶包衣片。
在本发明中,当抗抑郁症药物以丸剂的形式给药时,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体;所述载体优选包含稀释剂与吸收剂、粘合剂和崩解剂;所述稀释剂与吸收剂优选包含葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉、可可脂、氢化植物油、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、Gelucire、高岭土和滑石粉中的一种或几种;所述粘合剂优选包含阿拉伯胶、黄蓍胶、明胶、乙醇、蜂蜜、液糖、米糊和面糊中的一种或几种;所述崩解剂优选包含琼脂粉、干燥淀粉、海藻酸盐、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素和乙基纤维素中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,当抗抑郁症药物以栓剂的形式给药时,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。所述载体优选包含聚乙二醇、卵磷脂、可可脂、高级醇、高级醇的酶、明胶和半合成甘油酶中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,当抗抑郁症药物以胶囊的形式给药时,将有效成分与上述的各种载体混合,并将由此得到的混合物置于硬的明胶胶囊或软胶囊中。
在本发明中,可将有效成分制成微囊剂,混悬于水性介质中形成混悬剂,亦可装入硬胶囊中或制成注射剂应用。
在本发明中,当抗抑郁症药物以注射液(如溶液类、混悬剂、乳剂、冻干粉针剂,)的形式给药时,可含一种和/或多种药学上可接受的稀释剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂或分散剂;所述稀释剂优选为水、乙醇、聚乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、乙氧基化的异硬脂醇、多氧化的异硬脂醇和聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酶中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,为了制备等渗注射液,可以向注射用制剂中添加适量的氯化钠、葡萄糖或甘油,还可以添加本领域常规的助溶剂、缓冲剂、PH调节剂等。
在本发明中,根据需要,还可以向药物制剂中添加着色剂、防腐剂、香料、矫味剂、甜味剂、赋形剂、填充剂、抗结剂或其它常见辅料,所述填充剂优选为乳糖,所述抗结剂优选为二氧化硅,所述矫味剂优选为甜菊甙,所述赋形剂优选为葡萄糖或淀粉。
在本发明中,抗抑郁症药物的给药剂量取决于许多因素,例如所要预防或治疗疾病的性质和严重程度,患者或动物的性别、年龄、体重、性格及个体反应,给药途径、给药次数等,因此本发明的给药剂量可以有大范围的变化,可以根据抗抑郁症药物最后的制剂中所含有的实际有效药物数量,加以适当的调整,以达到其治疗有效的要求。
在本发明中,当脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物应用于制备抗抑郁症药物时,患者服用脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物的日剂量独立地优选为0.001mg/kg体重~200mg/kg体重,进一步优选为0.01mg/kg体重~100mg/kg体重,更优选为0.1mg/kg体重~30mg/kg体重;上述剂量可以以单一剂量形式或分成几个剂量形式,例如二、三或四个剂量形式给药,这受限于给药医生的临床经验以及给药方案。在本发明中,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物或抗抑郁症药物可单独服用,或与其它治疗药物或对症药物合并使用。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
将50mg五味子酚、50mg叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、60mgEDCI和5mL二氯甲烷混合,在转速为500r/s,温度为25℃的条件下进行缩合反应,设置反应的时间为40h,反应结束后,在体系中加入乙酸乙酯和水,进行萃取分液,将得到的有机相使用无水硫酸钠进行干燥,然后依次进行过滤、浓缩和柱层析(柱层析所用洗脱剂包含PE和EA,PE和EA的体积比为5:1),得到中间体;
将50mg中间体和2mL四氢呋喃混合,然后逐滴滴加0.2mL浓度为0.3mol/L的盐酸的四氢呋喃溶液,结束后在转速为500r/s,温度为35℃的条件下进行水解反应,设置反应时间为10h,然后进行浓缩,得到脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯。
经测试得到,本实施例中中间体的收率为76.9%,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的收率为94.8%。
本实施例中中间体的1HNMR谱图,如图1所示;从图1中可以得到,中间体的1HNMR数据为:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.68(s,1H),6.49(s,1H),3.89(s,2H),3.86(s,2H),3.85(s,3H),3.83(s,2H),3.57(s,2H),3.26(dd,J=10.8,7.9Hz,0H),3.14-3.02(m,0H),2.95-2.84(m,0H),2.59(d,J=7.3Hz,0H),2.56-2.45(m,1H),2.32(dd,J=15.3,5.4Hz,1H),2.26-2.13(m,0H),2.01(d,J=13.6Hz,0H),1.91(q,J=6.1Hz,0H),1.79(d,J=7.6Hz,0H),1.41(s,7H),1.32(t,J=7.3Hz,0H),1.09(q,J=7.6Hz,1H),0.97(d,J=10.2Hz,1H),0.94-0.88(m,1H),0.84-0.69(m,6H)。
本实施例中脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的1HNMR谱图,如图2所示;从图2中可以得到,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的1HNMR数据为:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61(s,1H),6.70(s,1H),6.54(s,1H),3.89(s,3H),3.84(s,3H),3.83(s,3H),3.81(s,3H),3.39(s,2H),2.96(m,2H),2.63(dd,J=13.5,7.1Hz,1H),2.55-2.36(m,2H),2.16(q,J=19.5,15.9Hz,2H),2.01(d,J=13.6Hz,1H),1.91(s,1H),1.79(s,2H),1.51-1.42(m,1H),1.25(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),1.15(s,2H),0.98(d,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.78(t,J=7.6Hz,6H),0.64(d,J=7.0Hz,3H);
本实施例中脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的13CNMR谱图,如图3所示;从图3中可以得到,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的13CNMR数据为:13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ153.2,151.6,151.2,150.6,150.3,146.8,140.8,139.9,139.8,139.2,138.6,135.3,134.3,133.9,121.2,120.3,116.5,113.4,107.8,107.3,61.4,61.1,61.1,61.0,60.8,56.0,55.9,55.8,49.1,44.1,43.6,40.9,40.4,39.1,36.9,35.7,34.3,33.6,32.6,26.1,24.7,22.7,22.6,22.4,21.8,21.5,21.0,12.9,12.8。
本实施例中脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的HR-ESI-MS图,如图4所示;从图4中可以看出,m/z,544.3260,[M+H]+(计算值544.3269,分子式:C31H46O7N)。
应用例1
取150g实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯,添加300g的乳糖作为填充剂,2.25g的硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂,4.5g的二氧化硅作为抗结剂,过筛,混匀,装入胶囊,制成1000粒脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯胶囊,根据定量分析获得脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的含量,作为服用量的依据。
应用例2
取150g实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯,加水稀释,添加0.15g甜菊甙作为矫味剂,制成脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的质量浓度为10%的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯口服液,根据定量分析获得脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的含量,作为服用量的依据。
应用例3
取20g实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的钠盐,加入200mL注射液用水,精滤、灌封、灭菌制成注射液。
应用例4
取40g实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的钾盐,将其溶于200mL无菌注射用水,加入10g葡萄糖作为赋形剂,搅拌使其溶解,用无菌抽滤漏斗过滤,再无菌精滤,分装于2个安瓿中,低温冷冻干燥后灭菌熔封得冻干粉针剂。
应用例5
将实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯与赋形剂(淀粉)混合,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯与淀粉的质量比为9:1,制成粉剂。
应用例6
将实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯与赋形剂(淀粉)混合,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯与淀粉的质量比为1:10,制成片剂。
应用例7
取实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的钠盐,按常规口服液制法制成口服液。
应用例8
将实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯与赋形剂(淀粉)混合,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯与赋形剂的质量比为5:1,制成胶囊(胶囊中还含有乳糖和滑石粉,乳糖占胶囊总质量的10%,滑石粉占胶囊总质量的1%)或颗粒(颗粒中还含有水、乳糖和滑石粉,水占颗粒总质量的5%,乳糖占颗粒总质量的10%,滑石粉占颗粒总质量的1%)或冲剂(冲剂中还含有乳糖、柠檬酸、氧化镁和薄荷油,乳糖占冲剂总质量的10%,柠檬酸占冲剂总质量的1%,氧化镁占冲剂总质量的0.1%,薄荷油占冲剂总质量的0.1%)。
应用例9
将实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的钾盐与赋形剂(淀粉)混合,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的钾盐与赋形剂的质量比为5:1,制成胶囊(胶囊中还含有乳糖和滑石粉,乳糖占胶囊总质量的10%,滑石粉占胶囊总质量的1%)或颗粒(颗粒中还含有水、乳糖和滑石粉,水占颗粒总质量的5%,乳糖占颗粒总质量的10%,滑石粉占颗粒总质量的1%)或冲剂(颗粒中还含有水、乳糖和滑石粉,水占颗粒总质量的5%,乳糖占颗粒总质量的10%,滑石粉占颗粒总质量的1%)。
应用例10
取实施例1制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的钠盐46.6g,加入淀粉600g,乳糖200g,薄荷醇3g,羧甲基淀粉钠152g,制成含片,作为功能食品。
本发明采用强迫游泳实验和小鼠悬尾实验作为药物筛选实验,强迫游泳实验和小鼠悬尾实验,是常用的两种动物行为绝望抑郁症模型实验,能较好地保证筛选结果的可靠性,小鼠强迫游泳实验已用于很多抗抑郁药物的筛选。而且大多数有临床治疗作用的抗抑郁药也被证实在强迫游泳实验中能有效减少不动时间。所谓不动是指“动物在水中停止挣扎,或呈漂浮状态,仅露出鼻孔保持呼吸,仅有细小的肢体运动,以保持头部浮在水面”。在试验前给予拟筛选的药物。由于动物在强迫状态下游泳使动物不能逃出恶劣环境,导致动物行为绝望。此种模型方法简便,可靠,已广泛用于抗抑郁药剂的筛选和评价。小鼠悬尾实验是小鼠在悬尾状态下不再挣扎,呈现特有的安静不动状态,抗抑郁药可明显缩短不动状态的持续时间。试验时,将小鼠尾部固定、倒悬。勿使小鼠尾部扭曲折叠。计录不动时间。不动指标为:“动物肢体和躯体未扭动挣扎”。悬尾实验对各种抗抑郁药均很敏感,而且避免了游泳实验中温度和动物运动功能障碍的干扰,因而在用一些鼠种筛选抗抑郁药物时,可以有效地验证和补充强迫游泳实验的结果。
试验例1
测试实施例所得脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯对动物抑郁模型悬尾实验的影响;实验动物:C57BL/6种小鼠,雄性,重量20-30克,由维通利华(北京)生物技术有限公司提供,许可证号:SYXK(京)2017-0033。动物分笼饲养,明暗周期12h/12h,室温20~22℃,食水自由,饲料由汇霖泽谷实验动物中心提供。实验药品:本实施例制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯;盐酸氟西汀(Fluoxetinehydrochloride)为aladdin公司产品,货号F189157-25g,批号F2104323。实验器材:横杆、胶布、摄像机、JUNSO多功能计时器。
实验步骤:雄性C57BL/6小鼠经适应性饲养一周,分成4组,每组8只。分别为二甲基亚砜DMSO对照组(DMSO溶于生理盐水)、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯低剂量组(WWZF-3-低,5mg/kg,溶于DMSO)、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组(WWZF-3-高,10mg/kg,溶于DMSO)、传统抗抑郁药物氟西汀阳性对照组(10mg/kg氟西汀,DMSO溶解)。上午10时按0.15mL/30g体重腹腔注射给药,注射60min后,每组8只小鼠进行悬尾实验;小鼠悬尾实验时,用胶布将小鼠尾在距尾尖2cm处粘在一根水平横杆上,使动物成倒挂状态,其头部离桌面约15cm,观察6min,记录后4min内的累计不动时间。(不动指标为:动物肢体和躯体均不做挣扎。)
统计方法:实验结果用均值±SE表示,四个样本用ANOVA检验。
通过试验得到,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组小鼠在注射后60min抑郁症状开始缓解,即挣扎活动相对DMSO对照组越来越频繁,明显缩短不动时间;氟西汀阳性对照组在注射后60min内,活动量与DMSO对照组也有显著增强。注射60min后观察结果,得到不同药物注射60min后对小鼠悬尾实验的影响示意图,如图5所示(纵坐标:ImmobilityTime(s)表示为悬尾实验中小鼠的不动时间(s),横坐标:CON表示为DMSO对照组,WWZF-3低表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯低剂量组(WWZF-3-低,5mg/kg,溶于DMSO),WWZF-3高表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组(WWZF-3-高,10mg/kg,溶于DMSO),FLX表示为传统抗抑郁药物氟西汀阳性对照组(10mg/kg氟西汀,DMSO溶解));从图5中可以看出,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的高剂量组和氟西汀组小鼠的不动时间与DMSO对照组相比由76.84±31.40s降低为39.47±16.98s(P<0.05)和35.00±24.56s,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯在很短的时间内即可起效,可以对抗小鼠因强迫悬尾造成的抑郁绝望症状。
试验例2
测试实施例所得脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯对动物抑郁模型强迫游泳实验的影响;实验动物:C57BL/6种小鼠,雄性,由维通利华(北京)生物技术有限公司提供,许可证号:SYXK(京)2017-0033。实验前一周将动物分笼饲养,明暗周期12h/12h,室温20~22℃,食水自由,饲料由汇霖泽谷实验动物中心提供。实验药物:本实施例制备得到的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯;阳性对照盐酸氟西汀(Fluoxetinehydrochloride)为aladdin公司产品,货号F189157-25g,批号F2104323。实验仪器:玻璃圆筒(高40cm,直径14cm);小鼠开阔箱(长和宽分别为50cm,高40cm,底部16等分);温度计;JUNSO多功能计时器。
实验步骤:药物准备同悬尾实验。动物药物注射:C57BL/6小鼠,年龄7-8周,重量20-30克,适应环境一周后开始实验。动物随机分组,共有4组,每组8只动物。每天上午10点开始腹腔注射。注射量为0.15毫升/30克,每天腹腔注射一次,注射五天后开始强迫游泳实验。强迫游泳实验:将各组C57BL/6鼠单个垂直地放入有机玻璃圆筒中(40cm高×14cm直径),水深25cm,水温21~23℃。各给药组和对照组录像6min,比较各组小鼠在后4min内的累计不动时间(不动时间判定:小鼠漂浮在水面,不努力爬出圆筒,仅做一些必须保持其头部在水面的动作)。
统计分析方法:实验结果用均值±SE表示,四个样本用ANOVA检验。
通过试验得到,不同药物注射5天后对小鼠游泳实验的影响示意图,如图6所示(纵坐标:ImmobilityTime(s)表示为强迫游泳实验中小鼠的不动时间(s),横坐标:CON表示为DMSO对照组,WWZF-3低表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯低剂量组(WWZF-3-低,5mg/kg,溶于DMSO),WWZF-3高表示为脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组(WWZF-3-高,10mg/kg,溶于DMSO),FLX表示为传统抗抑郁药物氟西汀阳性对照组(10mg/kg氟西汀,DMSO溶解));从图6中可以看出,与DMSO对照组比较,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组和氟西汀组小鼠强迫游泳4min内的不动时间均有显著缩短,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量组小鼠的不动时间与DMSO对照组相比,由99.08±22.96s降低为63.72±13.81s(P<0.01),缩短了35.69%。而传统抗抑郁药氟西汀(10mg/kg)处理的小鼠,不动时间由99.08±22.96s降到71.64±11.67s,降低了27.69%,和氟西汀相比,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的抗抑郁作用相当(P>0.05)。
试验例3
由于经典抑郁动物模型中的动物不动时间的缩短可能是由于药物的中枢兴奋性作用引起,所以我们进行了小鼠开野实验来检验实施例1制备的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的中枢兴奋性。
实验结果显示,小鼠进入开阔箱10min,经ANY-maze软件计数,在开阔箱中运动的总距离,在脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯高剂量处理后(25.19±5.05m),低剂量处理后(22.90±5.22m)与DMSO对照组(24.35±4.83m)相比,无明显变化(Anova,P>0.05,N=23),故可排除其引发躁狂状态的可能性,因此,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯确实具有显著的抗抑郁效果。
由以上实施例可知,本发明提供的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或其衍生物与氟西汀显示出相当的抗抑郁效果。在小鼠动物模型悬尾实验中发现,脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物高剂量组小鼠(10mg/kg)在注射后60min抑郁症状开始缓解,即活动量相对空白对照组越来越频繁,明显缩短不动时间;注射5天后脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物开始明显缩短强迫游泳不动时间。脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物在剂量(10mg/kg)等于氟西汀(10mg/kg)的情况下,与氟西汀的抗抑郁效果相当。本发明还进行了小鼠开野实验,与对照组相比,高浓度脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物对小鼠自主活动无显著影响,故可排除兴奋剂引起躁狂的可能性,证明脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯及其衍生物确实具有显著的抗抑郁作用。
本发明提供的抗抑郁药物具有抗抑郁效果显著、起效快、用药量少、副作用小等优点,有望成为快速、高效、新机制的抗抑郁新药。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯,其特征在于,所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的结构式为:
2.权利要求1所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的制备方法,其特征在于,包含下列步骤:
(1)将五味子酚、叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、缩合剂和溶剂混合,进行缩合反应得到中间体;
(2)将中间体、四氢呋喃和酸的四氢呋喃溶液混合,进行水解反应得到所述的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述缩合剂包含碳二亚胺盐酸盐,二环己基碳二亚胺、2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯和1-羟基苯并三唑中的一种或几种;
所述溶剂包含二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述五味子酚、叔丁氧羰基保护的普瑞巴林、缩合剂和溶剂的质量体积比为45~55mg:45~55mg:55~65mg:3~7mL;
所述缩合反应的温度为10~60℃,时间为30~50h。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述酸的四氢呋喃溶液中酸包含盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、樟脑磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、吡啶对甲苯磺酸盐和吡啶氢氟酸盐中的一种或几种;
所述酸的四氢呋喃溶液中酸的浓度为0.2~0.5mol/L。
6.如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述中间体、四氢呋喃和酸的四氢呋喃溶液的质量体积比为45~55mg:1~3mL:0.1~0.3mL;
所述水解反应的温度为25~60℃,时间为5~15h。
7.一种权利要求1所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物,其特征在于,所述衍生物包含脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的互变异构体、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的对映体、脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的非对映体或脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯在药学上可接受的盐。
8.如权利要求7所述的衍生物,其特征在于,所述药学上可接受的盐包含盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、水杨酸盐、氨基酸盐、枸杞酸盐、马来酸盐、酒石酸盐、富马酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、锂盐、铵盐和能提供生理上可接受的阳离子的有机碱的盐中的一种或几种。
9.权利要求1所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯或权利要求7所述脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物在制备抗抑郁症药物中的应用。
10.一种抗抑郁症药物,其特征在于,所述抗抑郁症药物包含权利要求1所述的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯以及药学上可接受的辅助成分;
或权利要求7所述的脂肪胺羧酸五味子酚酯的衍生物以及药学上可接受的辅助成分。
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