CN117283965A - 一种多层复合非织造材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多层复合非织造材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN117283965A
CN117283965A CN202311276052.7A CN202311276052A CN117283965A CN 117283965 A CN117283965 A CN 117283965A CN 202311276052 A CN202311276052 A CN 202311276052A CN 117283965 A CN117283965 A CN 117283965A
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fibers
layer
spun
master batch
composite nonwoven
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邹萌萌
刘德铭
周朝钢
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Shandong Xirui New Material Co ltd
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Shandong Xirui New Material Co ltd
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    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多层复合非织造材料及其制备方法，属于非织造复合材料技术领域，通过将有机聚合物颗粒与功能性母粒熔融喷丝获得纤维，经过冷却、牵引后形成第一纺粘层和第二纺粘层，将短纤维依次进行开松、混合、除杂、梳理，形成中间层纤维网，将第一纺粘层、中间层纤维网和第二纺粘层依次放置，经热轧、水刺、脱水烘干后得到，利用水刺加固的方法进行固网处理，高压水刺对双组份纤维进行处理，可以生产附加值更高的产品，例如橘瓣双组份进行高压水刺处理之后，可以使纤维开纤，赋予面料更强的强力和密实感；由此工艺生产从原料到成布一步法直接完成，中间可以减少大量的工序，节省了大量的电力、人力、设备，可以大幅度降低加工成本。

Description

一种多层复合非织造材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多层复合非织造材料及其制备方法，属于非织造复合材料技术领域。
背景技术
随着非织造工业的发展，纺粘技术已成为世界公认的一种非织造加工技术，其产品被广泛的应用于医疗领域和包装领域。
使用天然短纤维制造生产的非织造布具有优异的蓬松感、悬垂感、柔软透气性能优良、吸湿性能好，但是短纤维非织造布无论是湿法成网还是干法成网都会存在落絮问题，强力性能差的问题，与此同时木浆、竹纤维等短纤，纤维长度较短，抗弯刚度较大，纤维弯曲较困难，纤维之间不容易抱合纠缠；另一方面，在水刺加工过程中，木浆短纤维或者其它短纤维极容易发生流失，从而进入水循环过滤系统，不仅对水过滤系统造成困难，而且也会造成纤维的浪费，造成成本的增加。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种多层复合非织造材料及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中存在的上述问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将有机聚合物颗粒与功能性母粒熔融喷丝获得纤维，经过冷却、牵引后形成第一纺粘层和第二纺粘层；
(2)将短纤维依次进行开松、混合、除杂、梳理，形成中间层纤维网；
(3)将第一纺粘层、中间层纤维网和第二纺粘层自上至下依次放置，经热轧完成初步复合得到多层材料；
(4)将多层材料经过水刺系统后通过脱水网帘进行脱水处理，烘干后即得多层复合非织造材料。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进：
进一步，所述有机聚合物颗粒为聚丙烯、聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚乳酸中的任一种或几种的混合；
所述功能性母粒为亲水母粒、柔软母粒、弹性体母粒、生物可降解母粒中的任一种或几种的混合
所述有机聚合物颗粒和功能性母粒的质量比为85％-95％：5％-15％。
进一步，步骤(1)所述纤维为单组分纤维和/或双组份纤维；
所述双组份纤维为双组分皮芯型、双组分橘瓣型或双组分并列型。
进一步，步骤(2)所述短纤维为棉纤维、羊绒纤维、麻纤维、黏胶纤维、莱赛尔纤维中的任一种或几种的混合。
进一步，步骤(2)所述中间层纤维网为单层或多层。
进一步，步骤(3)所述热轧温度为80-130℃。
进一步，步骤(4)所述水刺系统配备有正反水刺，所述多层材料依次经过预湿水刺头、正反水刺头。
进一步，步骤(4)所述烘干为采用圆网式烘干机、平网式烘干机或红外烘干设备进行烘干。
本发明还提供了以上述方法制备的多层复合非织造材料，该多层复合非织造材料≥20gsm。
本发明的有益效果在于，利用水刺加固的方法进行固网处理，高压水刺对双组份纤维进行处理，可以生产附加值更高的产品，例如橘瓣双组份进行高压水刺处理之后，可以使纤维开纤，赋予面料更强的强力和密实感；由此工艺生产从原料到成布一步法直接完成，中间可以减少大量的工序，节省了大量的电力、人力、设备，可以大幅度降低加工成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1多层复合非织造材料结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例3摩擦力测试结果图。
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
1、第一纺粘层，2、第二纺粘层，3、中间层纤维网。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1，多层复合非织造材料，自上之下依次为第一纺粘层1、中间层纤维网3和第二纺粘层2；
其中，第一纺粘层1和第二纺粘层2为有机聚合物颗粒与功能性母粒熔融喷丝获得纤维，经过冷却、牵引后得到，有机聚合物颗粒为聚丙烯、聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚乳酸中的任一种或几种的混合，
功能性母粒为亲水母粒、柔软母粒、弹性体母粒、生物可降解母粒中的任一种或几种的混合
有机聚合物颗粒和功能性母粒的质量比为85％-95％：5％-15％；
中间层纤维网短纤维依次进行开松、混合、除杂、梳理后得到，短纤维为棉纤维、羊绒纤维、麻纤维、黏胶纤维、莱赛尔纤维中的任一种或几种的混合。
多层复合非织造材料≥20gsm。
实施例2
实施例1中多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)采用纺粘工艺结合橘瓣型复合纺丝技术，将2份聚合物混合母粒喂入纺粘设备，所用原料为PA、PET，所述原料的混合比为40％：60％，聚合物母粒在螺杆挤出机内经过180-200℃高温加热挤压形成聚合物混合熔体，由喷丝板喷出形成聚合物长丝，在1600-1800m3/h的气流中进行冷却牵伸，混合熔融喷出橘瓣双组分熔喷纤维，在成网机上成网，构成材料的第一纺粘层和第二纺粘层；
(2)将8份棉、麻短纤维依次进行开松、混合、除杂、梳理，形成中间层纤维网；
(3)将第一纺粘层、中间层纤维网和第二纺粘层自上至下依次放置，经120℃热轧完成初步复合得到多层材料；
(4)将多层材料经过水刺系统进行固网及开纤处理，所述水刺系统有大喷孔与小喷孔，大喷孔有2-4排，喷孔密度18-30孔/cm，喷孔直径0.14-0.24mm；小喷孔有4-6排，喷孔密度14-26孔/cm，喷孔直径0.06-0.16mm。水刺板距离纤维网高度为5-20mm，高压水刺最高压力100-150bar。后通过脱水网帘进行脱水处理，135℃烘干后即得多层复合非织造材料。
在本实施例的另一种实施方式中，步骤(1)中纤维为单组分纤维和/或双组份纤维；
双组份纤维为双组分皮芯型、双组分橘瓣型或双组分并列型。
在本实施例的另一种实施方式中，步骤(2)中中间层纤维网为单层或多层。
在本实施例的另一种实施方式中，步骤(4)中水刺系统配备有正反水刺，多层材料依次经过预湿水刺头、正反水刺头。
在本实施例的另一种实施方式中，步骤(4)中烘干为采用圆网式烘干机、平网式烘干机或红外烘干设备进行烘干。
实施例3
以实施例2中的制备方法所制备的橘瓣双组份原料多层复合非织造材料为样本a，以实施例2中的制备方法、聚丙烯为原料制备的多层复合非织造材料为样品b，以现有技术中常规制作方法和原料制备的多层非织造复合湿巾为对比样品，分别进行性能测试，性能测试结果如表1、图1，其中，所用摩擦性能测试的仪器为马丁代尔耐磨仪(1609)，试验方法：
①根据GB/T 4802.2-2008纺织品织物起毛起球性能的测定第2部分：改型马丁代尔法
②圆形试样以李莎茹图形的轨迹，磨料与试验试样相同，每次试验均需要更换新的磨料；
③试验测试湿态样品的耐磨性能，试样含水倍率在2.0～3.0之间；
④在经过100次摩擦后，采用视觉描述方式根据试样磨损情况评定试样的耐磨性能。
表1实施例3性能比较结果
由上可知：
(1)在相同克重条件下，本发明制备的多层复合非织造材料的强力要远高于市面上销售的常规非织造卫生材料。
(2)由摩擦性能测试可以看出，相同测试条件下本发明制备的材料起毛起球较少，而市售产品已遭到严重破损，证明本发明制备的材料耐磨性更优，纤维分布更加紧密，材料更加密实。

Claims (9)

1.一种多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将有机聚合物颗粒与功能性母粒熔融喷丝获得纤维，经过冷却、牵引后形成第一纺粘层和第二纺粘层；
(2)将短纤维依次进行开松、混合、除杂、梳理，形成中间层纤维网；
(3)将第一纺粘层、中间层纤维网和第二纺粘层自上至下依次放置，经热轧完成初步复合得到多层材料；
(4)将多层材料经过水刺系统后通过脱水网帘进行脱水处理，烘干后即得多层复合非织造材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述有机聚合物颗粒为聚丙烯、聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚乳酸中的任一种或几种的混合；
所述功能性母粒为亲水母粒、柔软母粒、弹性体母粒、生物可降解母粒中的任一种或几种的混合；
所述有机聚合物颗粒和功能性母粒的质量比为85％-95％：5％-15％。
3.根据权利要求1所述多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述纤维为单组分纤维和/或双组份纤维；
所述双组份纤维为双组分皮芯型、双组分橘瓣型或双组分并列型。
4.根据权利要求1所述多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述短纤维为棉纤维、羊绒纤维、麻纤维、黏胶纤维、莱赛尔纤维中的任一种或几种的混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述中间层纤维网为单层或多层。
6.根据权利要求1所述多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)所述热轧温度为80-130℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)所述水刺系统配备有正反水刺，所述多层材料依次经过预湿水刺头、正反水刺头。
8.根据权利要求1所述多层复合非织造材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)所述烘干为采用圆网式烘干机、平网式烘干机或红外烘干设备进行烘干。
9.一种以权利要1-8任一项所述方法制备的多层复合非织造材料，其特征在于，所述多层复合非织造材料≥20gsm。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117584574A (zh) * 2024-01-18 2024-02-23 山东希瑞新材料有限公司 一种非织造复合材料及其制备方法、装置和应用

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117584574A (zh) * 2024-01-18 2024-02-23 山东希瑞新材料有限公司 一种非织造复合材料及其制备方法、装置和应用
CN117584574B (zh) * 2024-01-18 2024-03-29 山东希瑞新材料有限公司 一种非织造复合材料及其制备方法、装置和应用

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