CN117282992A - Equipment for treating splashed powder in additive manufacturing process of metal powder - Google Patents
Equipment for treating splashed powder in additive manufacturing process of metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN117282992A CN117282992A CN202210685936.7A CN202210685936A CN117282992A CN 117282992 A CN117282992 A CN 117282992A CN 202210685936 A CN202210685936 A CN 202210685936A CN 117282992 A CN117282992 A CN 117282992A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 399
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000797 Ultra-high-strength steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses equipment for processing splashed powder in a metal powder additive manufacturing process. Wherein the doctor blade powder spreading device comprises a doctor blade and is capable of spreading metal powder placed on the surface of the forming substrate through the doctor blade; the air outlet device and the splash powder control device are arranged on the side surface or the opposite surface of the scraper and can respectively blow, intercept and collect splash powder so as to prevent the splash powder from falling on the surface of the forming substrate; and a powder collecting device configured to be able to remove the splashed powder collected by the splashed powder control device and store the removed splashed powder, wherein the air outlet device and the splashed powder control device are moved and rotated by a motor drive so as to be able to vary over the surface of the forming substrate as a scan path varies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to equipment for processing splashed powder in a metal powder additive manufacturing process.
Background
Laser selective melting (SLM) forming technology in additive manufacturing technology is widely applied in the industrial field, and metal powder laid flat is melted and bonded layer by forming means of powder melting and bonding through high-power laser acting on the metal powder, each layer corresponds to printing of a certain section of a three-dimensional image of a real object, and forming of a target entity is finally completed through layer-by-layer accumulation.
During the print forming process, the metal powder forms a molten pool under laser irradiation. However, under the influence of the warm and air fields, an unstable bath can inevitably splash off the splashes, in particular the splashed powder. The splashed powder has the element components and sphericity changed relative to the normal printing powder, and after falling to the powder paving surface of the substrate, the subsequent printing is affected, so that the uniformity of each layer of powder is poor, and the compactness and strength performance of the formed part are finally reduced.
At present, in the prior art, a fixed air outlet and a powder collecting port are arranged at two sides of a forming substrate to treat splashed powder in the printing process, so that circulating air at a fixed position is formed to continuously blow the generated splashed powder, and the splashed powder is conveyed away from the surface of the forming substrate. However, when the actual metal powder is printed, the generated splashed powder is easy to fly around under the action of circulating air at a fixed position, so that the powder can not accurately enter the powder collecting port at a fixed point to be collected at the fixed point due to different falling speeds after being blown, and the splashed powder can not be effectively removed and collected.
In addition, the laser selective melting forming technology is used for treating splashed powder by circularly feeding argon and blowing away the splashed powder in the printing process. However, this treatment method is difficult to ensure complete removal, and the splashed powder cannot be removed effectively with low wind force, and the high wind force affects the formability of the part, resulting in deterioration of the final part performance. Therefore, the problem that the splashed powder cannot be effectively removed is an important factor affecting the quality of the laser selective melting forming piece, and needs to be solved through technical progress.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the problems that the existing equipment for processing the splash powder in the metal powder additive manufacturing process can not effectively collect the splash powder, and cause the uncollected splash powder to fall back to the powder paving surface of the substrate, so that the density and strength performance of a final formed part are reduced, and the like, the invention provides novel equipment for processing the splash powder in the metal powder additive manufacturing process.
Specifically, the invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an apparatus for handling splattered powder in a metal powder additive manufacturing process, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
a doctor blade powder spreading device including a doctor blade and configured to be capable of spreading metal powder placed on a forming substrate surface by the doctor blade;
an air outlet device mounted on a side or opposite of the doctor blade and configured to be capable of blowing splashed powder in the additive manufacturing process;
a splash powder control device mounted on a side or opposite of the scraper and configured to intercept and collect splash powder to prevent the splash powder from falling on a forming substrate surface; and
a powder collecting device configured to be capable of removing the splashed powder collected by the splashed powder control device and storing the removed splashed powder,
wherein the air outlet device and the splashed powder control device can be driven by a motor to move and rotate, so that the position above the forming substrate surface can be changed along with the change of the scanning path.
According to the equipment for processing the splash powder in the metal powder additive manufacturing process, disclosed by the invention, the air outlet device capable of moving and rotating and the splash powder control device are adopted, so that the air outlet device and the splash powder control device can correspondingly move and rotate along with the change of a scanning path, a stable wind field capable of moving along with the change of the scanning path is formed, and therefore, the splash powder can be effectively collected without large blowing wind force, and the influence of blowing on the quality of a formed part is avoided. And through the corresponding movement and rotation of the splash powder control device along with the change of the scanning path, a large amount of splash powder can be collected, so that the movement of the splash powder is accurately controlled, and the splash powder is effectively prevented from falling back to the bottom of the forming substrate and the equipment.
Moreover, by effectively collecting the splashed powder, the splashed powder can be prevented from falling onto the paved metal powder, so that the uniformity of each-pass paved metal powder is improved, the forming stability of the metal powder and the performance of formed parts thereof are improved, and the efficiency of the printing powder recycling treatment can be improved. In addition, through arranging air-out device and powder controlling means that splashes in the side or opposite of scraper shop powder device, can avoid air-out device and splash powder controlling means to the interference of scraper shop metal powder process, from this guarantee the smooth going on of shop metal powder and the level and smooth homogeneity of shop back metal powder.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the doctor blade powdering device further comprises a detachably mountable doctor blade plate, the doctor blade being embedded in a recess in a lower surface of the doctor blade plate and configured to be able to maintain parallelism with the formed substrate in operation by adjusting the left-right balance of the doctor blade plate.
The doctor blade of the doctor blade powder paving device can be replaced by disassembling and replacing the doctor blade plate. The metal powder leveling device is also connected with the scraper plate through the adjusting device, and the adjusting device drives the scraper plate to move so as to drive the scraper to move to level the metal powder on the surface of the forming substrate. In addition, the doctor blade is kept parallel to the forming substrate by adjusting the doctor blade plate, so that the flatness of the paved metal powder on the forming substrate surface can be ensured, and the forming quality of a final formed part is ensured.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the doctor blade powder spreading device further comprises an adjusting rod, wherein the lower end of the adjusting rod is connected with the doctor blade plate and can slide on the transmission rail, so that the doctor blade plate is driven to move horizontally together to spread powder placed on the surface of the forming substrate.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the air outlet device includes an air outlet lever, on which an air outlet is provided and configured to be movable and horizontally rotatable by motor control and driving, so that the air outlet on the air outlet lever can blow splashed powder generated in the additive manufacturing process along a scan path. Through setting up the air-out pole that can remove and rotate, can guarantee that the circulated air that forms is all the same in the wind-force of the different positions of shaping substrate face top to the speed that the powder that splashes falls back after blowing is all the same, and then is convenient for collect the powder. Moreover, through setting up the air-out pole that can move, can accomplish the blowing to splashing powder need not big wind-force to avoid because the molten pool that blows the wind-force too big and cause is unstable, and then influence the quality of forming piece. Meanwhile, enough wind power can be provided to completely remove the splash powder, so that the influence of the splash powder on the metal powder additive manufacturing process is prevented, and the quality of a formed part is further ensured.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the horizontal rotation center of the air outlet lever is located at the middle position of the air outlet lever.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the air outlet device further comprises an air supply pipeline and an air supply assembly, wherein the air supply pipeline is connected with the air supply assembly and the air outlet rod and used for conveying the blowing air provided by the air supply assembly to an air outlet of the air outlet rod. By replacing the gas source assembly, the supplied blowing gas can be changed and replacement replenishment can be performed when the gas is insufficient.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the splasher powder control apparatus includes a powder collection bar configured to be movable and rotatable by motor control and drive such that the powder collection bar intercepts and collects splashed powder along a scan path. Through setting up the collection powder pole that can remove and rotate, can in time intercept the powder that splashes that the material increase produced in the manufacturing process and the powder that splashes that blows through air-out device to the motion of the powder that splashes is so as to avoid the powder that splashes to fly away everywhere, and then prevents to splash the powder and fall on the shaping substrate face and equipment bottom. Meanwhile, the powder collecting rod can collect the intercepted splashing powder, so that the splashing powder is prevented from falling on the surface of the forming substrate and at the bottom of the equipment, and the intercepted powder is prevented from falling into other areas of the equipment to cause pollution, so that the powder collecting rod is inconvenient to clean and long-term use of the equipment.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the upper side of the powder collecting rod is provided with a powder blocking grating or aperture for intercepting the movement of the splashed powder.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the lower portion of the dust collecting rod is provided with a dust collecting portion for collecting the intercepted splashed powder, and the dust collecting portion is configured to have a wide opening type opening.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the moving direction of the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod is parallel to the laser scanning direction, and the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod are configured to be capable of horizontally rotating clockwise and anticlockwise under the control of a motor, the rotating range is 0-90 degrees, and the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod can synchronously move and horizontally rotate under the control of the motor.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the powder collecting rod is configured to be able to be controlled by the motor to return to the initial position after printing a layer of metal powder with the laser, so as not to affect the doctor blade to perform a new spreading of the metal powder.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the air-out bar and the dust-collecting bar are configured to be movable in parallel a predetermined distance from each other above the surface of the forming substrate during printing, and the predetermined distance is adjustable. By adjusting the preset distance, the splashing powder blown by the air outlet device can be effectively intercepted and collected by the powder collecting device, so that the splashing powder is effectively removed, and the quality of a formed part is effectively ensured.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the predetermined distance is in the range of 20mm-60mm.
According to another embodiment of the invention, during the metal powder additive manufacturing process, the laser light spot always keeps within a preset distance between the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod, and the distance from any side of the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod is within an allowable range. By keeping the laser light spot between the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod, a large amount of splashing powder blown by the air outlet device can be intercepted and collected in time, so that the splashing powder is completely removed.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the allowable range is 10mm-30mm.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the powder collecting device includes a powder collecting tank part, and the powder collecting rod is configured to be movable above a position where the powder collecting tank part is located, so as to remove splashed powder collected by the powder collecting rod and transfer the splashed powder to the powder collecting tank part.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the powder collecting lever is configured to be capable of tilting up and down by the control of the motor to remove the splashed powder collected by the powder collecting lever and pour it into the powder collecting tank part.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the powder collecting device further comprises an air outlet part, wherein the air outlet part is opposite to the powder blocking grid or the hole of the powder collecting rod so as to blow and remove splashed powder collected by the powder collecting rod through the powder blocking grid or the hole and blow the splashed powder into the powder collecting tank part.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus is further configured such that the process of removing the splashed powder collected by the powder collecting bar can be performed simultaneously with the process of spreading the metal powder by the doctor blade. The powder removing process and the scraper powder spreading process of the powder collecting rod are simultaneously carried out, so that the printing and forming efficiency can be improved.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The device for treating splashed powder in the additive manufacturing process of metal powder according to the above embodiment of the present invention achieves advantageous technical effects and advantages in that:
the equipment can be matched with the control of a plurality of devices through the movable and rotary air outlet device and the splash powder control device which can be changed along the laser scanning path, so that the air outlet device capable of blowing circulating air and the splash powder device capable of intercepting and collecting splash powder can move along the laser spot scanning path, most of splash powder can be ensured to be blown to a desired area by using wind force smaller than wind force required by the traditional additive manufacturing process, and further, the splash powder is prevented from falling into other areas on the surface of a forming substrate. Meanwhile, the smaller wind power is used for enabling a molten pool of laser molten metal powder to be more stable, so that the selective laser melting formability and the quality stability of the formed part can be improved.
In addition, through the powder collecting rod that splashes powder controlling means and move and rotate along with laser scanning path change, with the setting of laser facula between air-out pole and powder collecting rod, can guarantee that the powder that splashes is all collected by the powder collecting rod to avoid falling into the metal powder layer after the shop on the shaping substrate face, guarantee homogeneity and the stability of every layer metal powder from this, and then guarantee the density and the intensity performance of final forming member.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating splatter powder in a metal powder additive manufacturing process according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus of fig. 1 at different angles for handling splatter powder in a metal powder additive manufacturing process.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is given by way of illustration and not limitation, and any other similar situations are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
In the following detailed description, positional terms such as "side", "opposite", "above", "upper side", "lower surface", "intermediate position", "bottom", and the like are used with reference to the positions described in the drawings. The components of embodiments of the present invention may be positioned in a number of different locations and the positional terminology is for the purpose of illustration and not limitation.
Additive manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing ) commonly known as 3D printing, is combined with computer-aided design, material processing and forming technology, and is based on digital model files, and special metal materials, nonmetal materials and medical biological materials are stacked layer by layer through a software and numerical control system in the modes of extrusion, sintering, melting, photo-curing, spraying and the like, so that the manufacturing technology of the solid object is manufactured. Compared with the traditional processing modes of raw material removal, cutting and assembly, the additive manufacturing method is a manufacturing method of 'bottom-up' through material accumulation, and the method is free from existence. This makes it possible to manufacture complex structural members that would otherwise be prohibitively expensive to manufacture.
The additive manufacturing technology does not need traditional cutters, clamps and a plurality of processing procedures, and parts with any complex shape can be quickly and precisely manufactured on one piece of equipment, so that the free manufacturing of the parts is realized, the forming of a plurality of parts with complex structures is solved, the processing procedures are greatly reduced, and the processing period is shortened. And the more complex the product structure, such as a large integral metal structure, the more remarkable the technical advantage of additive manufacturing.
Civil aircraft increasingly employ large monolithic metal structures, but traditional manufacturing and forming methods are very difficult to manufacture. The research finds that the additive manufacturing technology has wide development prospect in the application of the precision casting technology of complex parts and the direct manufacture of metal parts to manufacture large-size aviation parts, and is a reliable method for manufacturing large-scale integral metal structures of civil aircraft. The additive manufacturing method of the metal powder can break through a large-scale integral key component which is difficult to process, manufacture metal with large size and complex structure and metal parts with ultra-high strength steel, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the manufactured aircraft component can reach or exceed that of a die forging.
In metal powder additive manufacturing, laser selective melt forming techniques are most commonly used. The laser selective melting (SLM) forming technology is a forming means for melting and bonding metal powder by using high-power laser to act on the metal powder, wherein the metal powder is paved layer by layer, each layer corresponds to printing of a certain section of a three-dimensional image of a real object, and the forming of a target entity is finally completed.
Control techniques for the material elements during the forming process. How to control the physical and chemical changes of the material units during the stacking process is a difficulty, for example, in the direct metal forming process, metal powder forms a molten pool under the irradiation of laser. However, the size of the molten micro-pool and the external atmosphere control directly affect the manufacturing accuracy and the product performance.
In particular, under the influence of the warm and air fields, an unstable bath can inevitably splash off splashes, in particular splashed powders. The splashed powder changes in element composition and sphericity relative to normal printing powder, falls back to the paved metal powder on the forming substrate surface, and influences subsequent printing, so that uniformity of each layer of powder is poor, and density and strength performance of a formed part are finally reduced.
At present, in the prior art, fixed air outlets and powder collecting ports are arranged at two sides of a forming substrate to treat splashed powder in the printing process, so that circulating air is formed to continuously blow the generated splashed powder, and the splashed powder is conveyed away from the surface of the forming substrate. However, when the actual metal powder is printed, because the surface of the forming substrate is large, the formed circulating wind is different in wind power at different positions, so that the generated splashing powder is blown under the action of the circulating wind and then falls back at different speeds, and further easily flies, and cannot enter the powder collecting port at a fixed point accurately to be collected at a fixed point, and finally the splashing powder cannot be removed and collected effectively.
In addition, the laser selective melting forming technology is used for treating splashed powder by circularly feeding argon and blowing away the splashed powder in the printing process. However, this treatment method is difficult to ensure complete removal, and the splashed powder cannot be removed effectively with low wind force, and the high wind force affects the formability of the part, resulting in deterioration of the final part performance. Therefore, the problem that the splashed powder cannot be effectively removed is an important factor affecting the quality of the laser selective melting forming piece, and needs to be solved through technical progress.
To solve the above problems, an invention patent (CN 112643057 a) discloses a device for blowing off splashed metal powder particles and soot and a control method thereof, which prevents the metal particles from falling on a laser scanning area by mounting a cross flow fan on a scraper; the invention patent (CN 111515393A) discloses a 3D printing device with an intelligent smoke dust collecting device, which solves the problems of smoke dust and splash powder pollution in the printing process by arranging a movable powder collecting unit. However, due to the instability of the laser melt pool and the high temperature radiation of the laser, the above disclosed means of removing splatter powder particles or fumes is not suitable for all laser scanning strategies. Even when the laser scanning path direction is parallel to the circulating air direction, powder collection cannot be effectively performed, and an improvement effect is achieved.
The invention aims at the defects of the prior art, and provides improved equipment for processing splashed powder in the additive manufacturing process of metal powder, which can finish the blowing of the splashed powder by using blowing wind with smaller wind force through an air outlet device and a splashed powder control device which can move and rotate along with the change of a laser scanning path, thereby avoiding the influence of the wind force on a molten pool and realizing the effective and clear of the splashed powder. The equipment can accurately control the splashing powder generated in the melting process of the laser selective area, so that the splashing powder is effectively prevented from falling back, the uniformity of each-pass tiled powder is improved, the forming stability of the aluminum alloy powder and the performance of formed parts of the aluminum alloy powder are improved, and the efficiency of printing powder recycling treatment is improved. The specific construction and operation of the device will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for handling splatter powder in a metal powder additive manufacturing process according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a scraper powder spreading device, an air outlet device, a splash powder control device and a powder collecting device 5, wherein the scraper powder spreading device comprises a scraper, the air outlet device is arranged on the side surface or the opposite surface of the scraper, the splash powder control device is arranged on the side surface or the opposite surface of the scraper, and the air outlet device is preferably arranged opposite to the splash powder device. The device can spread the metal powder placed on the surface of the forming substrate through the scraper, then control the air outlet device to blow the splashing powder in the additive manufacturing process, and control the splashing powder control device to intercept and collect the splashing powder, and then clear the collected splashing powder based on the powder collecting device 5 and store the collected splashing powder, wherein the air outlet device and the splashing powder control device can move and rotate, so that the upper part of the forming substrate can be changed along with the change of a scanning path, and the splashing powder is prevented from falling on the surface of the forming substrate and the bottom of the device.
The scraper powder spreading device further comprises a scraper plate 1, wherein the scraper plate 1 is parallel to the forming substrate, is horizontally arranged and can be detachably arranged on the scraper powder spreading device. The doctor blade may be a doctor blade bar that is embedded in a recess in the lower surface of the doctor blade plate and thus mounted to the doctor blade laying device. The scraper powder spreading device can also comprise an adjusting rod 2, the lower part of the adjusting rod 2 is connected with the scraper plate 1, and the upper side of the adjusting rod 2 is connected with the transmission track 12 through a connecting rod. The adjusting rod 2 can slide along the transmission track, thereby driving the scraper plate 1 and the scraper to move, and realizing that the scraper moves to lay down metal powder on the surface of the forming substrate. In addition, the left-right balance of the doctor plate 1 can be adjusted by the adjusting rod 2 so that the doctor bar is parallel to the substrate 11 and kept parallel, thereby ensuring the flatness of the metal powder after being spread.
In the additive manufacturing process, the air outlet device can blow splash powder in the additive manufacturing process. The air outlet device is arranged on one side of the base plate 11, and the initial position of the air outlet device is vertical to the scraper plate 1. Illustratively, the air outlet device comprises an air outlet rod 3, an air supply pipeline 4, an air source assembly and a motor 9, wherein the air outlet rod 3 is provided with an air outlet, and the air supply pipeline 4 is connected with the air source assembly and the air outlet rod 3 for conveying blowing air provided by the air source assembly to the air outlet of the air outlet rod 3.
Illustratively, the gas source assembly is a protective gas cylinder and the blowing gas provided is argon. The air supply pipeline 4 is connected with a protective air bottle and is used for conveying protective argon into the air outlet rod 3 so as to blow splash powder generated in the metal powder additive manufacturing process. The air outlet rod 3 is driven by a motor 9 or a servo mechanism connected with the motor 9, and horizontally moves and horizontally rotates under the control and driving of the motor 9, so that splashed powder generated in the additive manufacturing process can be blown along a scanning path through an air outlet on the air outlet rod. Preferably, the rotation center of the air outlet lever 3 is located at the middle position of the air outlet lever 3.
The splash powder control device is arranged at the opposite side of the air outlet device and can intercept and collect splash powder blown by the air outlet device or/and splash powder generated in the additive manufacturing process. Specifically, the powder control device that splashes includes collection powder pole 8 and motor 9, and collection powder pole 8 initial position perpendicular to scraper plate 1 can be driven via motor 9 or by the servo mechanism who is connected with motor 9, removes and rotates under the control and the drive of motor 9 to can intercept and collect the powder that splashes along the scanning route.
The collecting rod 8 is illustratively connected to a motor 9 by a connecting rod. Further, the starting position of the powder collecting rod 8 of the powder splashing control device is outside the side of the scraper plate 1, the servo mechanism is positioned below the transmission track 12 in the scraper powder paving device, and the powder collecting rod 8 returns to the starting position after a layer of metal powder is printed along with laser, so that the spreading of the metal powder of the scraper for the new time is not influenced.
In the printing process, namely the metal powder additive manufacturing process, the moving direction of the air outlet rod 3 and the powder collecting rod 8 are parallel to the laser scanning direction, and the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod can be controlled by a motor to horizontally rotate clockwise and anticlockwise, the rotating range is 0-90 degrees, and the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod can synchronously move and horizontally rotate. The air-out bar 3 and the dust collecting bar 8 are moved in parallel a predetermined distance from each other above the surface of the forming substrate, and the predetermined distance can be adjusted. Preferably, the predetermined distance is in the range of 20mm-60mm. In addition, in the metal powder additive manufacturing process, the laser light spot always keeps within a preset distance between the air outlet rod 3 and the powder collecting rod 8, and the distance from any side of the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod is within an allowable range. Preferably, the allowable range is 10mm-30mm.
In addition, the upper side of the powder collecting rod 8 can be provided with a powder blocking grid 10 or holes, and the powder blocking grid 10 on the powder collecting rod can intercept splashed powder, so that the powder can fall on the lower part of the powder collecting rod 8 or the bottom of the device. Illustratively, the lower portion of the dust collecting rod 8 is further provided with a dust collecting portion for collecting the intercepted splashed powder, and the dust collecting portion is configured to have a wide opening type opening. The wide opening type opening of the powder collecting part can increase the contact area of the powder collecting part and the intercepted splashing powder, so that the intercepted splashing powder can be timely collected and can fall into the powder collecting part.
The powder collecting device 5 can remove the splashed powder collected by the splashed powder control device and store the removed splashed powder, so that the splashed powder control device can collect the splashed powder for a new time. Specifically, the powder collecting device 5 includes a powder collecting tank part 6, and the powder collecting rod 8 can be moved to above the position of the powder collecting tank part 6 to remove the splashed powder collected by the powder collecting rod 8 and transfer the splashed powder into the powder collecting tank part 6. Illustratively, the powder collecting lever 8 is capable of tilting up and down controlled by the motor 9 to remove the splashed powder that it collects and pour the splashed powder that it collects into the powder collecting tank section 6. When each layer of metal powder is printed, the powder collecting rod 8 returns to the initial position and tilts to remove the splashed powder collected by the powder collecting rod. Illustratively, the initial position of the powder collecting rod 8 is located above the position of the powder collecting pot 6.
Illustratively, the upper part of the powder collecting device 5 is provided with an air outlet part 7, and when the powder collecting rod 8 moves to above the position of the powder collecting tank part 6, the air outlet part 7 is opposite to the powder blocking grid 10 or the hole of the powder collecting rod 8 so as to blow and remove the splashed powder collected by the powder collecting rod 8 through the powder blocking grid 10 or the hole and blow the splashed powder into the powder collecting tank part 6 for removing the splashed powder collected in the movable splashed powder control device. Still another exemplary powder collecting device 5 further includes a connecting powder collecting tank portion, which is followed by a powder collecting tank portion 6 for collecting splashed powder generated during the laser selective melt forming process. Preferably, the process of removing the splashed powder collected by the powder collecting rod 8 can be performed simultaneously with the process of doctor blade flattening of the metal powder to improve efficiency of additive manufacturing, i.e., 3D printing forming.
The initial position of the scraper plate 1 is positioned on one side of the base plate 11, after each pass of powder discharging, the front pushing powder spreading is carried out, the powder spreading operation is completed, and the initial position is returned; the laser spot starts to print on the tile powder according to a set scanning path, the scanning path direction being at an angle to the doctor blade plate 1. When the scanning path direction and the scraper plate 1 mutually form 45 degrees, an air source assembly is opened, the circulating fan is started, the motor 9 is synchronously driven to drive the air outlet rod 3 and the scraper plate 1 to mutually form 45 degrees, the air source assembly is opened, the circulating fan is started, and the motor 9 is synchronously driven to drive the air outlet rod 3 and the powder collecting rod 8 to horizontally rotate for 45 degrees. When the scanning path direction and the scraper plate 1 form an angle of 90 degrees, the air source assembly is opened, the circulating fan is started, and the motor 9 is synchronously driven to drive the air outlet rod 3 and the powder collecting rod 8 to horizontally move. When the scanning path direction is parallel to the scraper plate 1, the air source assembly is turned on, the circulating fan is turned on, and the motor 9 drives the air outlet rod 3 and the powder collecting rod 8 to horizontally rotate by 90 degrees.
The air outlet rod 3 and the powder collecting rod 8 move to the laser spot position, move in parallel along with the laser scanning path, splash powder is blocked by the powder blocking grid 10 and falls into the powder collecting part of the powder collecting rod 8, after one layer of powder scanning is finished, the powder returns to one side of the substrate 11, tilting is performed to be parallel to the air outlet part 7, air is blown, the collected splash powder is blown into the powder collecting tank part 6 through the powder blocking grid 10, tilting and homing are performed, the laser selective melting forming process of one layer is finished, and then the printing processing of parts is finished in a circulating and reciprocating mode.
The invention realizes linkage coordination of multiple devices by the movable air outlet device and the powder splashing control device which can be changed along with the laser scanning path, and controls the movement of the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod by the motor so that the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod move along with the laser spot scanning path. The mode is smaller than the wind power required by a traditional laser selective melting forming system, and can ensure that most of splashed powder is collected by the powder collecting rod, so that the powder is prevented from falling into other areas of a metal powder layer on the surface of a forming substrate, the smaller wind power can enable a molten pool of laser melting powder to be more stable, the laser selective melting forming property and the quality stability of formed parts are improved, and the service life of the powder for repeated recycling is prolonged.
The beneficial technical effects of the above specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
1. the air outlet rod can horizontally move and horizontally rotate clockwise and anticlockwise by 90 degrees, and the movement and rotation of the air outlet rod can be synchronously carried out, so that the surface of a forming substrate changes along with the change of a laser scanning path, and the spraying of splashed powder can be completed without large wind force.
2. The powder collecting rod can move and rotate 90 degrees horizontally clockwise and anticlockwise, and the movement and rotation of the powder collecting rod can be synchronously carried out, so that the change of the surface of a forming substrate along with the change of a laser scanning path is realized, and a large amount of splashed powder can be collected.
3. The air-out pole and collection powder pole can be in the material-increasing manufacturing process at the mutual parallel movement of shaping substrate face top to parallel distance is adjustable, thereby can the splashed powder of blowing obtain effectual interception in time and collect, avoid splashed powder to fall back to shaping substrate face and equipment bottom. And the air outlet rod, the powder collecting rod and the laser scanning direction are parallel.
4. In the additive manufacturing process, the laser light spot is always kept in the parallel distance between the air outlet rod and the powder collecting rod, so that the forming process of the additive manufacturing can be not interfered, and the splash powder can be blown and controlled to move so as to collect the splash powder.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. An apparatus for treating splatter powder in a metal powder additive manufacturing process, the apparatus comprising:
a doctor blade powder spreading device including a doctor blade and configured to be capable of spreading metal powder placed on a forming substrate surface by the doctor blade;
an air outlet device mounted on a side or opposite of the doctor blade and configured to be capable of blowing splashed powder in an additive manufacturing process;
a splash powder control device mounted on a side or opposite of the doctor blade and configured to intercept and collect splash powder to prevent the splash powder from falling on the forming substrate surface; and
a powder collecting device configured to be capable of removing the splashed powder collected by the splashed powder control device and storing the removed splashed powder,
the air outlet device and the powder splashing control device are driven by a motor to move and rotate, so that the position above the forming substrate surface can be changed along with the change of a scanning path.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the doctor blade powdering device further comprises a removably mountable doctor blade plate, the doctor blade being embedded in a recess in a lower surface of the doctor blade plate and configured to be maintained parallel to the forming substrate in operation by adjusting a side-to-side balance of the doctor blade plate.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the doctor blade powder spreading device further comprises an adjusting rod, a lower end of which is connected to the doctor blade plate and is capable of sliding on a transmission rail to thereby drive the doctor blade plate to move horizontally together to spread the powder placed on the surface of the forming substrate.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the air outlet device comprises an air outlet bar having an air outlet provided thereon and configured to be movable and horizontally rotatable by motor control and drive, such that the air outlet on the air outlet bar is capable of blowing splashed powder generated during additive manufacturing along a scan path.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the horizontal center of rotation of the air bar is located midway along the air bar.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the air outlet device further comprises an air supply line and an air supply assembly, the air supply line being connected to the air supply assembly and the air outlet stem for delivering the air supply air provided by the air supply assembly to the air outlet of the air outlet stem.
7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the splatter powder control device comprises a powder collection bar configured to be movable and rotatable by a motor control and drive such that the powder collection bar intercepts and collects splatter powder along a scan path.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein an upper side of the powder collecting rod is provided with a powder blocking grating or aperture for intercepting the movement of the splashed powder.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a lower portion of the dust collecting rod is provided with a dust collecting portion for collecting the intercepted splashed powder, and the dust collecting portion is configured to have a wide opening type opening.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the moving direction of the air outlet bar and the powder collecting bar is parallel to the laser scanning direction, and is configured to be horizontally rotated clockwise and counterclockwise by the control of a motor in a range of 0 ° to 90 °, and to be synchronously moved and horizontally rotated.
11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the powder collection bar is configured to be controllable by the motor to return to an initial position after a layer of metal powder has been laser printed, thereby not affecting a new spreading of metal powder by the doctor blade.
12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the air out bar and the powder collecting bar are configured to be movable in parallel a predetermined distance from each other above the forming substrate surface during metal powder additive manufacturing, and the predetermined distance is adjustable in a range of 20mm-60mm.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the laser spot remains within a predetermined distance between the air-out bar and the collector bar and within an allowable range from either side thereof during metal powder additive manufacturing.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the allowable range is 10mm-30mm.
15. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the powder collecting device comprises a powder collecting tank portion, the powder collecting rod being configured to be movable above a location of the powder collecting tank portion to remove and transfer splashed powder collected by the powder collecting rod to the powder collecting tank portion.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the collector bar is configured to be tilted up and down by motor control to clear the collector bar of splattered powder and pour it into the collector tank section.
17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the powder collecting means further comprises an air outlet portion opposite to the powder blocking gate or aperture of the powder collecting lever to blow and remove the splashed powder collected by the powder collecting lever through the powder blocking gate or aperture and blow it into the powder collecting tank portion.
18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the apparatus is configured such that the process of removing the splatter powder collected by the collector bar can be performed simultaneously with the process of doctor blade leveling of the metal powder.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210685936.7A CN117282992A (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Equipment for treating splashed powder in additive manufacturing process of metal powder |
| PCT/CN2022/133159 WO2023240926A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-11-21 | Apparatus for treating splashing powder during metal powder additive manufacturing process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210685936.7A CN117282992A (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Equipment for treating splashed powder in additive manufacturing process of metal powder |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117282992A true CN117282992A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210685936.7A Pending CN117282992A (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Equipment for treating splashed powder in additive manufacturing process of metal powder |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117282992A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023240926A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118144267A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-06-07 | 徐州齐创制造有限公司 | Dust-proof 3D printer scraper powder cleaning device |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206169294U (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 | A equipment for making three -dimensional body and smoke abatement device thereof |
| DE102017206815A1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-10-25 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for cleaning a generatively manufactured part |
| CN107520445B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2021-02-23 | 重庆大学 | High-efficiency large-scale selective laser melting forming device |
| CN109261966A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-01-25 | 汕头大学 | A kind of mobile pressure-vaccum cigarette precinct laser fusion intelligence equipment of large scale |
| CN110194669B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-11-24 | 华中科技大学 | Selective laser sintering forming equipment, system and method for large-scale complex part |
| CN113770386A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-12-10 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Selective laser melting and forming device |
| CN114289740A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Integrated scraper device suitable for large-breadth forming of selective laser melting and powder-spreading type additive manufacturing method |
| CN114589317B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-07-21 | 北京科技大学 | Additive manufacturing gas circuit system and method for efficiently removing splashes |
-
2022
- 2022-06-16 CN CN202210685936.7A patent/CN117282992A/en active Pending
- 2022-11-21 WO PCT/CN2022/133159 patent/WO2023240926A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118144267A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-06-07 | 徐州齐创制造有限公司 | Dust-proof 3D printer scraper powder cleaning device |
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| WO2023240926A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
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