CN1172793C - 一种防弹玻璃的制造方法 - Google Patents

一种防弹玻璃的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1172793C
CN1172793C CNB021162492A CN02116249A CN1172793C CN 1172793 C CN1172793 C CN 1172793C CN B021162492 A CNB021162492 A CN B021162492A CN 02116249 A CN02116249 A CN 02116249A CN 1172793 C CN1172793 C CN 1172793C
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glass
thickness
bulletproof
layer
strengthens
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CN1370678A (zh
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苗向阳
夏庆徽
龚方田
张保军
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Beijing Hangbo New Material Technology Co ltd
China Building Materials Academy CBMA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2369/00—Polycarbonates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

以经过综合增强方法增强的玻璃基片做为主承力层、以化学钢化增强的薄玻璃为外层、以定向有机玻璃或PC板为内层的防弹玻璃。具有重量轻、强度高、抗冲击的特点，具有优越的防弹性能。

Description

一种防弹玻璃的制造方法
本发明阐述一种轻质高强防弹玻璃及其制备方法。该防弹玻璃具备以下三个特征：以经过综合增强方法增强的玻璃基片做为主承力层、以化学钢化增强的薄玻璃为外层、以定向有机玻璃或PC板为内层，防弹玻璃总厚度不超过12mm。
在此之前，为提高玻璃防弹性能，传统上一般采用增加玻璃厚度及夹层层数的方法，由此带来玻璃构件总厚度及重量过大等弊端，给安装、使用带来不便，同时增加了生产和使用成本。
本发明的宗旨是通过最大幅度提高玻璃的强度来提高玻璃构件的防弹性能，而不是依靠增加厚度和数量。作为主承力层玻璃的综合增强是本发明的技术关键。
普通平板玻璃实际强度只有50～80Mpa左右，而玻璃的理论强度可达到10000～20000Mpa。这之间有2～3个数量级的巨大差异，显示了玻璃增强的巨大潜力。目前，通用的玻璃增强主要采取在表面造成压缩应力层的方法，如物理钢化、化学钢化等，依据工艺方法的不同，玻璃弯曲强度一般可提高到150～450MPa之间；化学腐蚀也是玻璃增强的一种方法，它是通过化学处理，去除玻璃表面缺陷层，使表面趋于“无缺陷”的理想状态，从而恢复玻璃固有的高强度。化学腐蚀存在的主要问题，是恢复的强度不能持久，衰减十分严重。
本发明的综合增强方法克服了压应力增强强度提高有限和化学腐蚀强度衰减的缺陷，可以稳定地大幅度提高承力层玻璃的强度。其单片双环抗弯强度可达到800～1000Mpa，最大可达到1300Mpa。由于主承力层强度的提高，整个防弹玻璃构件的厚度和重量可以大大降低。
本发明的具体描述如下：
主承力层玻璃的综合增强。主承力层玻璃板优选3～5mm优质浮法玻璃。清洗洁净的玻璃在以HF酸为主的处理液中室温腐蚀5～15分钟去除表面层厚度50～90微米。处理液的适宜组分为：HF酸浓度6.0N～8.5N，另加入溶液总重5～8％的硫酸以促进玻璃表面均匀腐蚀。表面预处理后的玻璃用去离子水洗净，在无尘的洁净环境下自然干燥后进行化学钢化增强。其工艺参数控制为：离子交换温度420～480℃，交换时间6～30小时。钢化后的玻璃在处理液中再处理1～2分钟，腐蚀深度10～15微米，不超过钢化应力层的厚度。表面后处理后的制品用用无水乙醇或异丙醇脱水10～20分钟，在无尘的洁净环境下自然干燥后用有机硅改性丙烯酸、改性环氧树脂和PVB醇溶液喷涂或浸渍形成有机保护层，涂层后的玻璃在红外干燥箱于60～100℃下干燥。
外层薄玻璃的钢化。外层化学钢化玻璃优选2～3mm浮法玻璃。外层薄玻璃可与主承力层玻璃一起在同一工艺制度下即交换温度420～480℃，交换时间6～30小时，进行增强处理。
防弹玻璃成型。内层定向有机玻璃或PC板厚度优选2～3mm。将化学钢化后的外层玻璃、综合增强后的主承力层玻璃与定向有机玻璃或PC板夹层，夹层用胶片推荐使用PU胶片。
实施例：
为比较，表1列出了各种经过不同处理的防弹玻璃测试结果。其中后三个是采用本发明的实施。主承力层玻璃的处理工艺如下：清洗洁净的玻璃在以HF酸为主的处理液中室温腐蚀12分钟，去除表面层厚度80微米。处理液的组分为：  HF酸浓度7.3N，另加硫酸8％。表面处理后的玻璃在交换温度450℃，交换时间20小时条件下化学钢化。钢化后的玻璃在处理液中再处理1分钟，腐蚀深度10微米。处理后的制品用去离子水洗净，在无尘的洁净环境下自然干燥后用有机硅改性丙烯酸喷涂形成有机保护层，涂层后的玻璃在红外干燥箱于80℃下干燥。
外层薄玻璃的化学钢化与主承力层玻璃的钢化制度相同。
由表1可看出，应用本发明的技术方案的防弹玻璃具有更好的防弹性能。
                                                    表1
    防弹玻璃组成     总厚度mm   胶片 射击结果 武器种类 射击距离及角度
外层玻璃   主承力层玻璃 内层PC板
3mm浮法   5mm浮法 3mm 13.5   1.27mmPU 穿透 79钢芯弹 5m垂直
3mm浮法   5mm化学钢化 3mm 13.5   1.27mmPU 穿透 79钢芯弹 5m垂直
3mm化学钢化   5mm综合增强 3mm     13.5   1.27mmPU 未穿透 79钢芯弹 5m垂直
3mm化学钢化   3.5mm综合增强 2mm 11   1.27mmPU 一次未穿二次穿透 54铅芯弹 5m垂直
3mm化学钢化   3.5mm综合增强 3mm 12   1.27mmPU 一次未穿二次穿透 54铅芯弹 5m垂直

Claims (6)

1、一种防弹玻璃的制造方法，该防弹玻璃的结构包括：
a)以经过综合增强方法增强的玻璃基片作为主承力层；
b)以化学钢化增强的薄玻璃为外层；
c)以定向有机玻璃或PC板为内层；
其中(a)所指的综合增强方法包括以下步骤：
(1)用以HF酸为主的腐蚀性溶液对玻璃进行表面处理，所述HF酸液的浓度为
6.0N～8.5N；
(2)对处理过的玻璃进行化学钢化增强；
(3)用以HF酸为主的腐蚀性溶液对化学钢化后的玻璃进行表面后处理，腐蚀深度
不超过步骤(2)钢化应力层的厚度；
(4)用有机涂料在经过表面后处理之后的玻璃表面形成保护层。
2、根据权利要求1的方法，其中防弹玻璃总厚度不超过12mm。
3、根据权利要求1的方法，其中综合增强的玻璃板厚度为3～5mm。
4、根据权利要求1的方法，其中外层化学钢化玻璃厚度为2～3mm。
5、根据权利要求1的方法，其中内层定向有机玻璃或PC板厚度2～3mm。
6、根据权利要求1的方法，其中步骤(4)所指有机涂料是有机硅改性丙烯酸涂料、改性环氧树脂或PVB醇溶液。
CNB021162492A 2002-03-26 2002-03-26 一种防弹玻璃的制造方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1172793C (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102862348B (zh) * 2012-10-15 2015-04-22 南昌航空大学 一种高透明度及高强度层合玻璃及其制作方法
CN104626686A (zh) * 2015-03-09 2015-05-20 江苏亚太新能源科技有限公司 一种有机防弹玻璃

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