CN117277037A - Light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooling-free laser and output method - Google Patents
Light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooling-free laser and output method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117277037A CN117277037A CN202311550278.1A CN202311550278A CN117277037A CN 117277037 A CN117277037 A CN 117277037A CN 202311550278 A CN202311550278 A CN 202311550278A CN 117277037 A CN117277037 A CN 117277037A
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08059—Constructional details of the reflector, e.g. shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/105—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the mutual position or the reflecting properties of the reflectors of the cavity, e.g. by controlling the cavity length
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser and an output method. Wherein, a right angle prism, a gain medium, a saturable absorber and an output mirror are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction; the pumping module is arranged right above the gain medium in parallel; the bottom surface of the right-angle prism is parallel to the end surface of the gain medium, and the ridge of the right-angle prism forms 45 degrees with the vertical direction; the output surface of the output mirror is placed parallel to the end surface of the gain medium. And the right-angle prism and the output mirror form a resonant cavity. The invention provides a technical scheme for improving the light spot symmetry, which has a simple structure and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser and an output method.
Background
The laser is an important light source widely applied to the fields of medical treatment, communication, material processing and the like, and in the application, the symmetry of light spots has great influence on the quality of laser beams. However, the anhydrous and air-cooled laser can only adopt the mode of cooling, the heat dissipation capacity is poor, and serious thermal effects lead to the output laser spots to be in a long strip shape or a crescent shape, and the beam quality and the symmetry are poor. In addition, imperfections in the optical elements and scattering of the laser medium can also negatively impact the symmetry of the output laser spot, further resulting in poor output laser beam quality.
At present, methods for improving the symmetry of laser output light spots mainly comprise a method for limiting a laser mode, a method for improving the symmetry of a pumping light field and the like. The limited laser mode approach requires the introduction of additional optical components in the laser system, increasing the complexity and cost of the system and also resulting in reduced output power. Improving the symmetry of the pump light field requires that the pump light enters the gain medium with good symmetry. This is difficult to achieve for miniaturized laser systems without active heat dissipation. Therefore, a technical means for improving the spot symmetry suitable for the anhydrous and air-cooled laser is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser and an output method. The light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser comprises a right-angle prism, a gain medium, a saturable absorber, a pumping module and an output mirror;
the right-angle prism, the gain medium, the saturable absorber and the output mirror are sequentially arranged from left to right along the light path direction;
the pumping module is arranged right above the gain medium in parallel;
in the initial state, the bottom surface of the right-angle prism is parallel to the end surface of the gain medium and perpendicular to the working light path, and the ridge surface of the right-angle prism forms 45 degrees with the bottom surface;
the output surface of the output mirror is parallel to the end surface of the gain medium;
the right-angle prism and the output mirror form a resonant cavity;
further, each reflecting surface in the right-angle prism is plated with a total reflection film for outputting laser wavelength.
Furthermore, two ends of the gain medium are plated with antireflection films for outputting laser wavelength.
Further, the output mirror is coated with an antireflection film of the output wavelength.
Further, the saturable absorber is Cr 4+ YAG crystal.
Further, the gain medium is Nd-YAG crystal.
The invention further provides a light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser which further comprises a 45-degree spectroscope, a CCD camera, an information processing device, a stepping motor driver, a data line and a stepping motor.
The 45-degree spectroscope splits the emergent laser, one path of the laser is vertically and upwardly emitted, and the other path of the laser is horizontally emitted.
The CCD camera receives the laser beams in the vertical direction separated by the 45-degree spectroscope and is connected with the information processing device through a data line.
The information processing device is connected with the stepping motor driver and the stepping motor in sequence through the data line;
the stepping motor is connected with the right-angle prism through the cradle head, so that the ridge surface and the bottom surface of the right-angle prism can rotate along the direction of a working light path, and/or the right-angle prism is translated to adjust the cavity length of the resonant cavity;
the stepping motor is a three-degree-of-freedom stepping motor, and can realize pitch angle, roll angle and translation adjustment of the right-angle prism.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for homogenizing a superposition of laser light and a spot using the above laser, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: the pumping module emits pumping light and laterally pumps the gain medium;
s2: the gain medium absorbs the pumping light to generate energy level transition to realize particle number inversion;
s3: the initial transmittance of the saturable absorber is low, the loss in the laser resonant cavity is large, and laser oscillation cannot be formed.
S4: under the action of pumping light, the upper energy level particle number in the gain medium is continuously increased, the laser light intensity is increased, the transmittance of the saturable absorber is increased, the loss in the cavity is reduced, and the laser oscillates back and forth in the resonant cavity.
S5: laser in the resonant cavity is reflected by the right-angle prism, and the light spot rotates by 90 degrees.
S6: the laser output by the output mirror is emitted into the CCD camera through the 45-degree spectroscope, the CCD camera monitors the shape of the emergent laser spot and transmits information to the information processing device in real time, and the information processing device evaluates the symmetry of the output laser spot.
S7: when the information processing device judges that the output laser light spots are asymmetric, the information processing device transmits signals to a stepping motor driver, and the stepping motor driver controls the stepping motor to rotate by a corresponding angle and/or translate by a corresponding distance.
S8: when the information processing device judges that the output laser spots are symmetrical, the right-angle prism is adjusted to a final state, and the output laser spots are optimized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: since the spot emerging from the gain medium in side pumping is not a uniform circular spot, but is long or crescent. The invention replaces the total reflection mirror in the optical resonant cavity with the right-angle prism, and the right-angle side of the right-angle prism forms 45 degrees with the vertical direction. After laser in the resonant cavity is reflected by the right-angle prism, the light spot rotates by 90 degrees, and the symmetry of the light spot is improved. Furthermore, the invention also adds a CCD camera and a stepping motor, and adjusts the rotation angle of the right-angle prism in real time according to the symmetry of the output light spots. The invention provides a technical scheme for improving the light spot symmetry, which has a simple structure and low cost.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a spot-superimposed homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a spot-superimposed homogenized anhydrous airless laser.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the rotation of the rectangular prism light spot.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a spot superposition homogenized anhydrous airless laser operation.
Detailed Description
The disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and thus practice the present disclosure, and are not meant to imply any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.
As used herein, the term "comprising" and variants thereof are to be interpreted as meaning "including but not limited to" open-ended terms. The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based at least in part on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment. The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment".
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a first embodiment of the spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser of the invention comprises a right-angle prism 1, a gain medium 2, a saturable absorber 3, a pumping module 4 and an output mirror 5;
the right-angle prism 1, the gain medium 2, the saturable absorber 3 and the output mirror 5 are sequentially arranged from left to right along the light path direction;
the pumping module 4 is arranged right above the gain medium 2 in parallel;
in the initial state, the bottom surface of the right-angle prism 5 is parallel to the end surface of the gain medium 2 and perpendicular to the working light path, and the roof surface of the right-angle prism 5 forms 45 degrees with the end surface;
the output surface of the output mirror 5 is placed in parallel with the end surface of the gain medium 2;
the right-angle prism 1 and the output mirror 5 form a resonant cavity;
each reflecting surface in the right-angle prism 1 is plated with a total reflection film for outputting laser wavelength;
two ends of the gain medium 2 are plated with antireflection films for outputting laser wavelength;
the output mirror 5 is plated with an antireflection film of output wavelength;
the saturable absorber 3 is Cr 4+ YAG crystal;
the gain medium 2 is a Nd-YAG crystal;
as shown in fig. 2, the laser for improving the asymmetry of the output light spot of the invention further comprises a 45-degree spectroscope 6, a CCD camera 7, an information processing device 8, a stepping motor driver 9, a data line 10 and a stepping motor 11;
the 45-degree spectroscope 6 splits the emergent laser, one path of the laser is emitted vertically upwards, and the other path of the laser is emitted horizontally;
the CCD camera 7 receives the laser beams in the vertical direction separated by the 45-degree spectroscope 6 and is connected with the information processing device through a data line;
the information processing device 8 is connected with a stepping motor driver 9 and a stepping motor 11 in sequence through a data line 10;
the stepper motor 11 is connected with the right-angle prism 1 through a cradle head, so that the ridge surface and the bottom surface of the right-angle prism 1 can rotate along the working light path direction, and/or the right-angle prism 1 is translated to adjust the cavity length of the resonant cavity.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for homogenizing a superposition of laser light and a spot using the above laser, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: the pumping module 4 emits pumping light and pumps the gain medium 2 laterally;
s2: the gain medium 2 absorbs the pump light to generate energy level transition to realize particle number inversion;
s3: the initial transmittance of the saturable absorber 3 is low, the loss in the laser resonant cavity is large, and laser oscillation cannot be formed;
s4: under the action of pumping light, the upper energy level particle number in the gain medium 2 is continuously increased, the laser light intensity is increased, the transmittance of the saturable absorber 3 is increased, the loss in the cavity is reduced, and the laser oscillates back and forth in the resonant cavity;
s5: the laser in the resonant cavity is reflected by the right-angle prism 1, and the light spot rotates 90 degrees (as shown in figure 3);
s6: the laser output by the output mirror 5 is emitted into the CCD camera 7 through the 45-degree spectroscope 6, the CCD camera 7 monitors the shape of the emergent laser spot and transmits information to the information processing device 8 in real time, and the information processing device 8 evaluates the symmetry of the output laser spot;
s7: when the information processing device 8 judges that the output laser spot is asymmetric, the information processing device 8 transmits a signal to the stepping motor driver 9, and the stepping motor driver 9 controls the stepping motor 11 to rotate by a corresponding angle and/or translate by a corresponding distance (as shown in fig. 4);
s8: when the information processing device 8 judges that the output laser spots are symmetrical, the angle of the right-angle prism 1 is adjusted to a final state, and the output laser spots are optimized (as shown in fig. 4);
a light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous airless laser working flow is shown in fig. 4. The CCD camera 7 can acquire the laser output light spot shape in real time, and simultaneously transmits the acquired light spot pattern to the information processing device 8, and the information processing device 8 analyzes and judges whether the output light spot is symmetrical or not. If the output light spot is asymmetrical, the information processing device 8 transmits a signal to the stepping motor driver 9, and the stepping motor driver 9 controls the stepping motor 11 to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the output light spot shape is optimized and symmetrical. Repeating the steps until the light spots are symmetrical.
Example two
Further, in the first embodiment, in the step S6 of the method for homogenizing the laser output laser and the light spot superposition by using the laser, the information processing device 8 evaluates the symmetry of the light spot of the output laser, and specifically includes the following steps:
s61: evaluating symmetry of the laser spot by a software system previously installed in the information processing apparatus 8;
s62: the laser spot comprises the following TEM 00 、TEM 01 、TEM 10 、TEM 11 、TEM 02 、TEM 20 、TEM 12 、TEM 21 、TEM 22 ...TEM ab （a≥0，b>2 or a > 2, b > 0).
The step S7 of the step motor driver 9 controlling the step motor 11 to rotate by a corresponding angle and/or translate by a corresponding distance specifically includes the following steps:
s71: when the information processing apparatus 8 evaluates the laser spot as TEM 01 、TEM 10 、TEM 11 In the mode, the step motor driver 9 controls the step motor 11 to rotate by a corresponding angle in the pitch angle direction; when the information processing apparatus 8 evaluates the laser spot as TEM 02 、TEM 20 、TEM 12 、TEM 21 、TEM 22 ...TEM ab （a≥0，b>2 or a > 2, b > 0), the stepper motor driver 9 controls the stepper motor 11 to rotate a corresponding angle in the pitch angle direction and/or translate a corresponding distance;
s72: evaluating the laser spots in real time by the information processing device 8;
s73: if the laser spot is TEM 00 Mode, then executing step S8;
s74: if the laser spot is not TEM 00 In the mode, the stepper motor driver 9 controls the stepper motor 11 to rotate by a corresponding angle in the roll angle direction and/or translate by a corresponding distance;
s75: evaluating the laser spots in real time by the information processing device 8;
s76: repeating steps S71-S75 until the output laser spot is TEM 00 A mode.
It is understood that the term "plurality" in this disclosure means two or more, and other adjectives are similar thereto. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It is further understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another and do not denote a particular order or importance. Indeed, the expressions "first", "second", etc. may be used entirely interchangeably. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
It will be further understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience in describing the present embodiments and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation.
It will be further understood that "connected" includes both direct connection where no other member is present and indirect connection where other element is present, unless specifically stated otherwise.
It will be further understood that although operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following the general principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooling-free laser is characterized in that,
the device comprises a right-angle prism (1), a gain medium (2), a saturable absorber (3), a pumping module (4) and an output mirror (5); the right-angle prism (1), the gain medium (2), the saturable absorber (3) and the output mirror (5) are sequentially arranged from left to right along the light path direction;
the pumping module (4) is arranged right above the gain medium (2) in parallel;
in an initial state, the bottom surface of the right-angle prism (1) is parallel to the end surface of the gain medium (2) and perpendicular to a working light path, and the ridge surface and the bottom surface of the right-angle prism (1) form 45 degrees;
the output surface of the output mirror (5) is arranged in parallel with the end surface of the gain medium (2);
the right-angle prism (1) and the output mirror (5) form a resonant cavity;
the device also comprises a 45-degree spectroscope (6), a CCD camera (7), an information processing device (8), a stepping motor driver (9), a data line (10) and a stepping motor (11);
the 45-degree spectroscope (6) is used for carrying out light splitting on the emergent laser, the first light path is vertically upwards emitted, and the second light path is horizontally emitted;
the CCD camera (7) receives the laser beams in the vertical direction separated by the 45-degree spectroscope (6) and is connected with the information processing device through a data line;
the information processing device (8) is sequentially connected with the stepping motor driver (9) and the stepping motor (11) through the data line (10);
the stepping motor (11) is connected with the right-angle prism (1) through a cradle head, so that the roof and the bottom surface of the right-angle prism (1) can rotate along the working light path direction, and/or the right-angle prism (1) is translated to adjust the cavity length of the resonant cavity.
2. The spot-superimposed homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser according to claim 1, characterized in that each reflecting surface in the right angle prism (1) is coated with a total reflection film outputting the laser wavelength.
3. The spot-superimposed homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser according to claim 1, characterized in that both ends of the gain medium (2) are coated with an antireflection film outputting the laser wavelength.
4. The light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser according to claim 1, wherein the stepper motor (11) is a three-degree-of-freedom stepper motor, and can realize pitch angle, roll angle and translation adjustment of the right-angle prism (1).
5. The spot-superimposed homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser according to claim 1, characterized in that the output mirror (5) is coated with an antireflection film of the output wavelength.
6. A spot-superimposed homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the saturable absorber (3) is Cr 4+ YAG crystal.
7. The spot-superimposed homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser of claim 5 wherein the gain medium (2) is a Nd: YAG crystal.
8. A method for outputting a light spot superposition homogenized anhydrous air-cooled laser, using the light spot superposition homogenized anhydrous air-cooled laser according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
s1: the pumping module (4) emits pumping light and laterally pumps the gain medium (2);
s2: the gain medium (2) absorbs the pump light, and energy level transition is generated to realize particle number inversion;
s3: the initial transmittance of the saturable absorber (3) is low, the loss in the laser resonant cavity is large, and laser oscillation cannot be formed;
s4: under the action of pumping light, the upper energy level particle number in the gain medium (2) is continuously increased, the laser light intensity is increased, the transmittance of the saturable absorber (3) is increased, the intra-cavity loss is reduced, and the laser oscillates back and forth in the resonant cavity;
s5: laser in the resonant cavity is reflected by the right-angle prism (1), and a light spot rotates by 90 degrees;
s6: the laser output by the output mirror (5) is emitted into the CCD camera (7) through the 45-degree spectroscope (6), the CCD camera (7) monitors the shape of an emergent laser spot and transmits information to the information processing device (8) in real time, and the information processing device (8) evaluates the symmetry of the output laser spot;
s7: when the information processing device (8) judges that the output laser light spots are asymmetric, the information processing device (8) transmits signals to the stepping motor driver (9), and the stepping motor driver (9) controls the stepping motor (11) to rotate by a corresponding angle and/or translate by a corresponding distance;
s8: when the information processing device (8) judges that the output laser spots are symmetrical, the right-angle prism (1) is adjusted to a final state, and the output laser spots are optimized.
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| CN202311550278.1A CN117277037A (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooling-free laser and output method |
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| CN117277043A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2023-12-22 | 长春理工大学 | Light spot superposition homogenizing anhydrous air-cooled laser based on right-angle prism cavity and output method |
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