CN117264669A - Fuel additive for cleaning sediment in fuel system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel additive for cleaning sediment in fuel system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117264669A CN117264669A CN202311558449.5A CN202311558449A CN117264669A CN 117264669 A CN117264669 A CN 117264669A CN 202311558449 A CN202311558449 A CN 202311558449A CN 117264669 A CN117264669 A CN 117264669A
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- reaction kettle
- fuel
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- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical class [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- -1 modified cerium dioxide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZRNCNTSXSYXHOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC ZRNCNTSXSYXHOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940068968 polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;methoxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.CO[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940083037 simethicone Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical class O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940117986 sulfobetaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Histamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CN=CN1 NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003747 fuel oil additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003254 gasoline additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1216—Inorganic compounds metal compounds, e.g. hydrides, carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1208—Inorganic compounds elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fuel additives, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing modified nano nickel, preparing modified cerium dioxide, and mixing; adding polyetheramine, modified nano nickel, modified cerium dioxide, butyl decanoate, polyethylene glycol 400, simethicone, polysorbate-80 and D100 solvent oil into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 10-35 ℃, and stirring to obtain a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system; the fuel additive prepared by the invention can clean sediment in a fuel system, reduce exhaust emission and oil consumption, avoid influencing acceleration speed, and has good storage stability and good compatibility with fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gasoline additives, in particular to a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fuel additive is a functional substance to be added into the fuel in order to make up the defects of the fuel in certain properties and endow the fuel with some new excellent characteristics, and the addition amount of the functional substance is characterized by trace amount. Functionally, fuel additives are generally classified into three types, clean fuel additives, maintenance fuel additives, and power-boosting fuel additives.
The additive amount of the clean fuel additive is large, the concentration in gasoline is high, the cost is high, the cleaning effect is strong, the effect is quick, and the sediment in a fuel system can be effectively removed, so that the abrasion of an engine is reduced, and the fuel efficiency is improved.
The components of the clean fuel additive comprise a cleaning agent, a friction agent, an antioxidant, a preservative, an antifreeze agent and the like, wherein the cleaning agent is an effective component of the clean fuel additive, at present, the common cleaning agent is polyetheramine, the polyetheramine has good oil solubility, can be uniformly mixed with fuel oil, does not precipitate or delaminate, and can dissolve stubborn massive sediments into particles layer by layer when the polyetheramine flows through each component of a fuel system along with the fuel oil, wrap the particles in micelle centers formed by a plurality of surfactant molecules, are then dispersed in the fuel oil, enter a combustion chamber together to participate in combustion, so that the polyetheramine is consumed, and in addition, the polyetheramine is alkaline, can help to neutralize acidic substances generated by the oxidation of the fuel oil, and relieve the corrosion to metal components; however, polyether amine is easy to cause slow speed up, excessive exhaust emission and increased oil consumption when in use.
In order to overcome the defects of polyether amine in use, a common method is to compound fuel oil cleaning agents with different effects and other fuel oil additive components into a compound fuel oil cleaning agent, and the compound fuel oil cleaning agent can reduce the exhaust emission and the oil consumption and improve the acceleration speed, but the compound fuel oil additive has poor storage stability, and the problem of poor compatibility between the fuel oil additive and the fuel oil is caused by the increase of the additive.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the fuel additive for cleaning the sediment in the fuel system and the preparation method thereof, and the prepared fuel additive can reduce the exhaust emission and the oil consumption while cleaning the sediment in the fuel system, avoid influencing the acceleration speed, and has good storage stability and good compatibility with fuel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system comprises the following steps: preparing modified nano nickel, preparing modified cerium dioxide, and mixing;
adding a mixed aqueous solution of nano nickel, glucose and potassium hydroxide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 170-180 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-200rpm, stirring for 2-2.5h, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, flushing filter residues with deionized water for 3-4 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the vacuum drying temperature to 70-90 ℃, the vacuum degree to 0.07-0.08MPa, and the time to 3-4h, and obtaining the carbon-coated nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished; adding carbon-coated nano nickel and dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-200rpm, stirring for 7-8h, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, flushing filter residues with deionized water for 3-4 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the vacuum drying temperature to 60-80 ℃, the vacuum degree to 0.07-0.08MPa, and the time to 4-5h, and obtaining modified nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished;
in the step of preparing the modified nano nickel, the mass ratio of the nano nickel to the mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide to the dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution is 50-55:250-260:400-450;
the particle size of the nano nickel is 20-50nm;
the concentration of glucose in the mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide is 0.36-0.38wt% and the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1.15-1.25wt%;
the concentration of the dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution is 4-5wt%;
adding 1H-imidazole-4-ethylamine, epoxy resin E-44 and N, N-dimethylformamide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 100-110 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-300rpm, stirring for 5-5.5H, adding nano cerium oxide and silane coupling agent KH-570, continuously stirring for 2.5-3H, adding acrylic acid and hexamethylenediamine, continuously stirring for 2-2.5H, and pouring out to obtain a reactant; adding reactants and absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 15-30 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200-300rpm, stirring for 50-60min, standing for 1-1.5h, filtering, cleaning filter residues for 3-4 times by using deionized water, performing vacuum drying, controlling the vacuum drying temperature to 80-100 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to 0.07-0.08MPa, and controlling the time to 18-20h, and obtaining the modified cerium dioxide after the vacuum drying is finished;
in the step of preparing the modified ceria, the mass ratio of 1H-imidazole-4-ethylamine, epoxy resin E-44, N-dimethylformamide, nano ceria, silane coupling agent KH-570, acrylic acid, hexamethylenediamine and absolute ethyl alcohol is 9.5-9.8:19-20:800-850:250-280:4.5-5:5-5.5:2-2.2:4300-4500;
the particle size of the nano cerium dioxide is 50-150nm;
adding polyetheramine, modified nano nickel, modified cerium dioxide, butyl decanoate, polyethylene glycol 400, simethicone, polysorbate-80 and D100 solvent oil into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 10-35 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 1000-1200rpm, and stirring for 4-5 hours to obtain a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system;
in the mixing step, the mass ratio of polyetheramine to modified nano nickel to modified cerium oxide to butyl decanoate to polyethylene glycol 400 to dimethyl silicone oil to polysorbate-80 to D100 solvent oil is 20-22:8-10:8-10:3-4:3-4:4-5:8-10:60-70.
A fuel additive for cleaning deposits in a fuel system, made by the method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the preparation method of the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in the fuel system, disclosed by the invention, the cleaning capability of the sediment in the fuel system can be improved by adding the modified nano nickel and the modified cerium oxide in the preparation of the fuel additive, and the sediment reduction rate can reach 54-57% after the fuel additive prepared by using the preparation method of the fuel additive disclosed by the invention is used;
(2) According to the preparation method of the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in the fuel system, disclosed by the invention, the exhaust emission can be reduced by adding the modified nano nickel and the modified cerium oxide in the preparation of the fuel additive, after the fuel additive is used, the HC emission reduction rate at high idle speed is 24.1-24.8%, the CO emission reduction rate is 29.7-30.4%, the HC emission reduction rate at low idle speed is 21.4-22.0%, and the CO emission reduction rate is 27.2-27.7%;
(3) According to the preparation method of the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in the fuel system, disclosed by the invention, the fuel consumption can be reduced by adding the modified nano nickel and the modified cerium oxide in the preparation of the fuel additive, and the fuel saving rate can reach 8-9% after the fuel additive prepared by using the method is used;
(4) According to the preparation method of the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in the fuel system, disclosed by the invention, the influence on the acceleration speed can be avoided by adding the modified nano nickel and the modified cerium oxide in the preparation of the fuel additive, and the hundred kilometers acceleration time can reach 9.5-9.6s after the fuel additive prepared by using the method is used on a Honda CR-V2.0L automobile;
(5) According to the preparation method of the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in the fuel system, disclosed by the invention, the storage stability of the fuel additive can be improved by adding the modified nano nickel and the modified cerium oxide in the preparation of the fuel additive, and the fuel additive prepared by the preparation method is free from sediment at the bottom after being stood for 6 months at the temperature of 23 ℃;
(6) According to the preparation method of the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in the fuel system, disclosed by the invention, the compatibility between the fuel additive and fuel can be improved by adding the modified nano nickel and the modified cerium oxide in the preparation of the fuel additive, and the effect of immediately and uniformly mixing the fuel additive prepared by the invention with No. 92 gasoline can be realized.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing modified nano nickel: adding 50g of nano nickel, 250g of glucose and potassium hydroxide mixed aqueous solution into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 170 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 2 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing filter residues with deionized water for 3 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the temperature of the vacuum drying to 70 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to 0.07MPa, and controlling the time to 3 hours, and obtaining the carbon-coated nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished; adding carbon-coated nano nickel and 400g of 4wt% dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution into a closed reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃ after the reaction kettle is closed, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 7 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing filter residues with deionized water for 3 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the vacuum drying temperature to 60 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to 0.07MPa, and controlling the time to 4 hours, and obtaining the modified nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished;
the particle size of the nano nickel is 20nm;
the concentration of glucose in the mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide is 0.36wt percent, and the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1.15wt percent;
2. preparation of modified ceria: adding 9.5g of 1H-imidazole-4-ethylamine and 19g of epoxy resin E-44, 800g of N, N-dimethylformamide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 100 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 5h, adding 250g of nano cerium oxide and 4.5g of silane coupling agent KH-570, continuously stirring for 2.5h, adding 5g of acrylic acid and 2g of hexamethylenediamine, continuously stirring for 2h, and pouring out to obtain a reactant; adding reactant and 4300g of absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 15 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 50min, standing for 1h, filtering, cleaning filter residues with deionized water for 3 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the temperature of the vacuum drying to 80 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to 0.07MPa, and controlling the time to 18h, and obtaining modified cerium oxide after the vacuum drying is finished;
the particle size of the nano cerium dioxide is 50nm;
3. mixing: adding 20g of polyetheramine, 8g of modified nano nickel, 8g of modified cerium oxide, 3g of butyl decanoate, 3g of polyethylene glycol 400, 4g of dimethyl silicone oil, 8g of polysorbate-80 and 60g of D100 solvent oil into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 10 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 1000rpm, and stirring for 4 hours to obtain the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel oil system.
Example 2
A preparation method of a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing modified nano nickel: adding 52g of nano nickel, 255g of mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 175 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 150rpm, stirring for 2.2 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing filter residues with deionized water for 3 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the temperature of the vacuum drying to 80 ℃, the vacuum degree to 0.07MPa, and the time to 3.5 hours, and obtaining the carbon-coated nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished; adding carbon-coated nano nickel and 420g of 4.5wt% dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 7.5h, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing filter residues with deionized water for 4 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the vacuum drying temperature to 70 ℃, the vacuum degree to 0.08MPa, and the time to 4.5h, and obtaining the modified nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished;
the particle size of the nano nickel is 30nm;
the concentration of glucose in the mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide is 0.37 weight percent, and the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1.2 weight percent;
2. preparation of modified ceria: adding 9.6g of 1H-imidazole-4-ethylamine, 19.5g of epoxy resin E-44 and 820g of N, N-dimethylformamide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 105 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 5.2h, adding 260g of nano cerium oxide and 4.8g of silane coupling agent KH-570, continuously stirring for 2.8h, adding 5.2g of acrylic acid and 2.1g of hexamethylenediamine, continuously stirring for 2.2h, and pouring out to obtain a reactant; adding a reactant and 4400g of absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 20 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 250rpm, stirring for 55min, standing for 1.2h, filtering, cleaning filter residues with deionized water for 4 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the temperature of the vacuum drying to 90 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to 0.08MPa, and controlling the time to 19h, and obtaining the modified cerium oxide after the vacuum drying is finished;
the grain diameter of the nano cerium dioxide is 100nm;
3. mixing: 21g of polyetheramine, 9g of modified nano nickel, 9g of modified cerium oxide, 3.5g of butyl decanoate, 3.5g of polyethylene glycol 400, 4.5g of simethicone, 9g of polysorbate-80 and 65g of D100 solvent oil are added into a reaction kettle, the temperature of the reaction kettle is controlled to 25 ℃, the stirring speed is controlled to 1100rpm, and the mixture is stirred for 4.5 hours, so that the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system is obtained.
Example 3
A preparation method of a fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing modified nano nickel: adding 55g of nano nickel, 260g of a mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 180 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 2.5h, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing filter residues with deionized water for 4 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the temperature of the vacuum drying to 90 ℃, the vacuum degree to 0.08MPa, and the time to 4h, and obtaining the carbon-coated nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished; adding carbon-coated nano nickel and 450g of 5wt% dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution into a closed reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃ after the reaction kettle is closed, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 8 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing filter residues with deionized water for 4 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the temperature of the vacuum drying to 80 ℃, the vacuum degree to 0.08MPa, and the time to 5 hours, and obtaining the modified nano nickel after the vacuum drying is finished;
the particle size of the nano nickel is 50nm;
the concentration of glucose in the mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide is 0.38wt% and the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1.25wt%;
2. preparation of modified ceria: adding 9.8g of 1H-imidazole-4-ethylamine, 20g of epoxy resin E-44 and 850g of N, N-dimethylformamide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 110 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 300rpm, stirring for 5.5h, adding 280g of nano cerium oxide and 5g of silane coupling agent KH-570, continuously stirring for 3h, adding 5.5g of acrylic acid and 2.2g of hexamethylenediamine, continuously stirring for 2.5h, and pouring out to obtain a reactant; adding reactants and 4500g of absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 30 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 300rpm, stirring for 60min, standing for 1.5h, filtering, cleaning filter residues with deionized water for 4 times, performing vacuum drying, controlling the temperature of the vacuum drying to 100 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to 0.08MPa, and controlling the time to 20h, and obtaining the modified cerium oxide after the vacuum drying is finished;
the particle size of the nano cerium dioxide is 150nm;
3. mixing: 22g of polyetheramine, 10g of modified nano nickel, 10g of modified cerium oxide, 4g of butyl decanoate, 4g of polyethylene glycol 400, 5g of dimethyl silicone oil, 10g of polysorbate-80 and 70g of D100 solvent oil are added into a reaction kettle, the temperature of the reaction kettle is controlled to 35 ℃, the stirring speed is controlled to 1200rpm, and the stirring is carried out for 5 hours, so as to obtain the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel oil system.
Comparative example 1
The method for preparing the fuel additive for cleaning sediments in the fuel system of the embodiment 2 is characterized in that: omitting the step of preparing the modified nano nickel in the step 1 and using nano nickel with the particle size of 30nm in the step of mixing in the step 3 to replace the addition of the modified nano nickel.
Comparative example 2
The method for preparing the fuel additive for cleaning sediments in the fuel system of the embodiment 2 is characterized in that: omitting the step of preparing the modified cerium oxide in the step 2 and using the nano cerium oxide with the particle size of 100nm in the step of mixing in the step 3 to replace the addition of the modified cerium oxide.
Test example 1
The fuel additives for cleaning deposits in the fuel systems prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were added to 92 # gasoline at an amount of 1000ppm, respectively, and then a deposit simulation test and a bench test were performed, and the test results were as follows:
from the above results, it can be seen that the fuel saving rate can be improved and the emissions of HC and CO at high idle speed and low idle speed can be reduced by adding modified nano nickel into the fuel additive;
by adding the modified cerium oxide into the fuel additive, the sediment reduction rate and the fuel saving rate can be improved, and the HC and CO emission at high idle speed and low idle speed can be reduced;
wherein, the modified nano nickel is obtained by coating a nano carbon layer on the surface of nano nickel, then carrying out surface modification by using dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine, wherein the dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine is a zwitterionic surfactant;
the existence of the nano carbon layer has two purposes, namely, the first purpose is to improve the sediment reduction rate and the oil saving rate by utilizing the property of the nano carbon, and reduce the emission; the second purpose is to coat the nano nickel so as to facilitate the surface modification; aiming at the first purpose, the nano carbon can form a lubricating film, the abrasion of the surface of an engine is repaired, the sealing performance and the cylinder pressure are improved, the engine is favorable for self cleaning, sediment is reduced, the oil saving rate is improved, the nano nickel can play a role in improving the sediment reduction rate and the emission reduction rate, but after the nano nickel is added into a gasoline additive, the effect is not ideal due to uneven dispersion, and after modification, the modified nano nickel can be ensured to be rapidly and uniformly dispersed in gasoline, so that the action efficiency of the nano nickel is improved;
the modified ceria is prepared by wrapping the ceria with branched polyetheramine, wherein the branched polyetheramine is prepared by branching acrylic acid and hexamethylenediamine on the basis of the polyetheramine, and the first purpose is to control the molecular weight of the prepared branched polyetheramine by using the ceria, so as to ensure the control at the nano level; the second purpose is to increase the efficiency of the polyether amine by using the branched polyether amine, so as to improve the cleaning effect of the prepared fuel additive, and in addition, the branched polyether amine has smaller influence on the exhaust emission and the fuel consumption, but the branched polyether amine is not used for completely replacing the polyether amine because the dispersing effect of the branched polyether amine is lower than that of the polyether amine; the third purpose is to coat the cerium oxide with branched polyether amine, and promote the uniform dispersion of the cerium oxide while the branched polyether amine is dissolved, thereby improving the catalytic activity of the cerium oxide.
Test example 2
As a blank, firstly, 92 # gasoline without fuel additive is used in a Honda CR-V2.0L automobile, the driving distance of the automobile is 5 ten thousand kilometers, and the acceleration time of hundred kilometers is tested; then, the fuel additives of the sediments in the clean fuel systems prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were respectively added to No. 92 gasoline at an addition amount of 1000ppm, and the No. 92 gasoline after the fuel additives were respectively used in the same Honda CR-V2.0L automobile to test hundred kilometer acceleration time, and the test results were as follows:
from the above results, it is understood that the influence of the fuel additive on the acceleration rate can be reduced by adding the modified nano nickel and the modified ceria to the fuel additive;
according to analysis, the carbon layer in the modified nano nickel can improve the acceleration speed of an automobile by improving the lubricity, so that the influence of polyether amine on the acceleration speed is reduced; the branched polyether amine in the modified cerium oxide can partially replace the addition of polyether amine, and the influence on the acceleration speed can be reduced by reducing the addition amount of polyether amine.
Test example 3
500mL of the fuel additive deposited in the clean fuel systems prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, respectively, were filled into packaging bottles, respectively, and were tightly sealed with packaging bottle caps, then allowed to stand at 23℃for 6 months, the packaging bottle caps were opened, the fuel additive was poured out, and after standing at 23℃for 1 hour, the bottom was observed for the occurrence of precipitation, and the observation results were as follows:
test example 4
The fuel additives for deposits in the clean fuel systems prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were added to No. 92 gasoline in an amount of 1000ppm, and when the additives were added, the mixing of the fuel additives with No. 92 gasoline was observed, and the observation results were as follows:
from the results of test examples 3 and 4, it is apparent that the storage stability of the fuel additive and the compatibility with fuel can be improved by adding modified nano nickel and modified ceria to the fuel additive;
further analysis shows that the stability of nano nickel and ceria in fuel additive can be improved, sedimentation is avoided, and rapid dispersion of nano nickel and ceria in gasoline can be promoted by using dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine for surface modification in preparation of modified nano nickel and branched polyetheramine for coating ceria in preparation of modified ceria.
The percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages unless otherwise indicated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a fuel additive for cleaning deposits in a fuel system, comprising the steps of: preparing modified nano nickel, preparing modified cerium dioxide, and mixing;
adding a mixed aqueous solution of nano nickel, glucose and potassium hydroxide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 170-180 ℃, stirring, cooling, filtering, washing filter residues, and vacuum drying to obtain carbon-coated nano nickel; adding carbon-coated nano nickel and dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, stirring, cooling, filtering, washing filter residues, and vacuum drying to obtain modified nano nickel;
adding 1H-imidazole-4-ethylamine, epoxy resin E-44 and N, N-dimethylformamide into a closed reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 100-110 ℃, stirring, adding nano cerium oxide and a silane coupling agent KH-570, continuously stirring, adding acrylic acid and hexamethylenediamine, continuously stirring, and pouring out to obtain a reactant; adding reactants and absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 15-30 ℃, stirring, standing, filtering, cleaning filter residues, and vacuum drying to obtain modified cerium oxide;
the mixing step comprises the steps of adding polyetheramine, modified nano nickel, modified cerium dioxide, butyl decanoate, polyethylene glycol 400, simethicone, polysorbate-80 and D100 solvent oil into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 10-35 ℃, and stirring to obtain the fuel additive for cleaning sediment in a fuel system.
2. The method for preparing a fuel additive for cleaning deposits in a fuel system according to claim 1, wherein in the step of preparing modified nano nickel, the mass ratio of nano nickel to the mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide to the dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution is 50-55:250-260:400-450.
3. The method for preparing a fuel additive for cleaning deposits in a fuel system according to claim 1, wherein in the step of preparing modified nano nickel, the particle size of the nano nickel is 20-50nm;
the concentration of glucose in the mixed aqueous solution of glucose and potassium hydroxide is 0.36-0.38wt% and the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1.15-1.25wt%;
the concentration of the dodecyl ethoxy sulfobetaine aqueous solution is 4-5wt%.
4. The method for preparing the fuel additive for cleaning sediments in the fuel system according to claim 1, wherein in the step of preparing the modified ceria, the mass ratio of 1H-imidazole-4-ethylamine, epoxy resin E-44, N-dimethylformamide, nano ceria, silane coupling agent KH-570, acrylic acid, hexamethylenediamine, absolute ethanol is 9.5-9.8:19-20:800-850:250-280:4.5-5:5-5.5:2-2.2:4300-4500;
the particle size of the nano cerium dioxide is 50-150nm.
5. The method for preparing a fuel additive for cleaning sediments in a fuel system according to claim 1, wherein in the mixing step, the mass ratio of polyetheramine, modified nano nickel, modified ceria, butyl decanoate, polyethylene glycol 400, simethicone, polysorbate-80, and D100 solvent oil is 20-22:8-10:8-10:3-4:3-4:4-5:8-10:60-70.
6. A fuel additive prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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