CN117645895A - Clean diesel additive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Clean diesel additive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117645895A CN117645895A CN202410122121.7A CN202410122121A CN117645895A CN 117645895 A CN117645895 A CN 117645895A CN 202410122121 A CN202410122121 A CN 202410122121A CN 117645895 A CN117645895 A CN 117645895A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VRJULIWWOHUBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=S)(O)(O)O.C(CCC)[Zn]CCCCCCCC Chemical compound P(=S)(O)(O)O.C(CCC)[Zn]CCCCCCCC VRJULIWWOHUBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- ATZHWSYYKQKSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C ATZHWSYYKQKSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FPFSGDXIBUDDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-decyl-2-hydroxycyclopent-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=C(O)C(=O)CC1 FPFSGDXIBUDDKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012747 synergistic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 27
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 nitrate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K azane;hydrogen sulfate;iron(3+);sulfate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a clean diesel additive and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of diesel additives, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of adding 200# solvent oil, palm oil and normal hexane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to 40-50 ℃, stirring, adding dimethyl carbonate and polyether amine, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the kettle, increasing the temperature to 60-70 ℃, stirring, adding nano molecules, stirring, reducing the temperature to 30-40 ℃, adding a synergist, butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate, barium petroleum sulfonate and polyalkylene glycol, and stirring; the clean diesel additive prepared by the invention can remove carbon deposition, save fuel oil, reduce emission, reduce the viscosity of the clean diesel additive, improve the lubricating property of diesel, shorten the preheating time for starting a cold car, improve the storage stability of the diesel additive, avoid precipitation of raw materials at low temperature, and improve the mixing effect of the diesel additive and the diesel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of diesel additives, in particular to a clean diesel additive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The diesel additive can make up the quality problem of diesel oil and the defect of mechanical manufacturing limit of motor vehicles, avoid the cold shock effect and gap effect of diesel engine, remove carbon deposit of air inlet valve and electric nozzle, and also overcome the problems that the oil nozzle is difficult to be atomized more and produce residual oil and then drip, protect the working condition of engine, realize more perfect and complete combustion of fuel, thereby achieving the effects of removing carbon deposit, saving fuel, reducing emission, etc.
The diesel additive mainly comprises organic nano molecules, a detergent, a stabilizer and a cetane number improver. The organic nano molecules can directly attack long-chain carbon bonds in the oil molecules, generate micro-explosion in a fuel chamber, enable fuel to be atomized for the second time, initiate complete combustion, improve engine power, improve thermal efficiency, reduce oil consumption and reduce emission, and the common organic nano molecules are nano carbon particles; the detergent can inhibit the generation of nozzle sediments, can remove the existing sediments after being continuously used, and recover or improve the fuel atomization efficiency, and is commonly used as an amine-containing high polymer compound; the stabilizer can improve the oxidation stability of diesel oil, and is usually compounded by an antioxidant, a metal passivating agent and a preservative; the cetane number improver is used for improving the ignition performance of diesel oil, and the common cetane number improver is nitrate compounds. In addition, in order to improve the comprehensive use effect of the diesel additive, other nano materials, such as iron-based nano materials, nano cerium oxide, nano copper, nano nickel and the like, are also added into the diesel additive.
However, the diesel additive prepared according to the above raw materials has the following disadvantages: after various raw materials are mixed, the components of the diesel additive are complex, the viscosity is high, and the fluidity of the diesel additive is poor; the macromolecular compound containing amine can influence the lubricating property of diesel oil and can prolong the preheating time for cold start of an automobile; nitrate compounds produce a large amount of NO when burned x The environment is polluted, and the stability of the nitrate compound is poor, so that the storage stability of the diesel additive is poor; the added nano material has poor stability, is easy to agglomerate and deposit, leads to further poorer storage stability of the diesel additive, is easy to separate out when being stored at low temperature, can lead to limited effect of organic nano molecules, and leads to poor mixing effect of the diesel additive and diesel.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the clean diesel additive and the preparation method thereof, which can remove carbon deposit, save fuel oil, reduce emission, reduce the viscosity of the clean diesel additive, improve the lubricating property of diesel, shorten the preheating time for starting an automobile in cold mode, improve the storage stability of the diesel additive, avoid the precipitation of raw materials at low temperature and improve the mixing effect of the diesel additive and diesel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
adding 200# solvent oil, palm oil and normal hexane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 40-50 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 50-100rpm, stirring for 30-40min, adding dimethyl carbonate and polyether amine, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, increasing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 60-70 ℃, stirring for 2-3h, adding nano molecules, continuing stirring for 1-1.5h, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 30-40 ℃, adding a synergist, butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate, barium petroleum sulfonate and polyalkylene glycol, and continuing stirring for 1-1.5h to obtain the clean diesel additive;
wherein the mass ratio of the No. 200 solvent oil to the palm oil to the n-hexane to the dimethyl carbonate to the polyetheramine to the nanomolecular to the synergist to the butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate to the barium petroleum sulfonate to the polyalkylene glycol is 80-90:30-35:15-20:15-20:18-20:2.5-3:4.5-5:1-1.5:0.8-1:5-6;
the preparation method of the nanometer molecule comprises the following steps: preparing a porous compound, and modifying the porous compound in a lipophilic manner;
adding glucose, urea, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cerium sulfate, ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, silica sol and deionized water into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 15-35 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 50-100rpm, stirring for 30-40min, transferring into a hydrothermal kettle, controlling the temperature of the hydrothermal kettle to 160-180 ℃, reacting for 8-9h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 5000-6000rpm for 5-6min, cleaning a precipitate by using deionized water for 2-3 times after centrifuging, drying at 110-130 ℃, grinding to a particle size of 40-50nm, then performing high-temperature treatment at 300-400 ℃ for 60-90min, then performing high-temperature treatment at 500-600 ℃ for 60-90min, adding sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-200rpm, stirring for 9-10h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 5000-6000rpm, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 8-10min, cleaning the precipitate by using deionized water for 2-3 times, drying at 110-130 nm, and performing high-temperature treatment on the precipitate by using the deionized water for 2-20 nm, and drying to obtain a porous precipitate;
in the preparation of the porous compound, the mass ratio of glucose, urea, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cerium sulfate, ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, silica sol, deionized water and aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is 5-6:2.5-2.8:1.3-1.5:0.7-0.8:0.5-0.6:10-12:100-120:400-450;
the silicon dioxide content in the silica sol is 50%;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 9-10%;
adding porous compound, deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and vinyltrimethoxysilane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-200rpm, stirring for 3-4h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7000-8000rpm for 8-10min, cleaning precipitate with deionized water for 2-3 times after centrifuging, drying at 110-130 ℃, adding the precipitate with chloroform, polyvinylpyrrolidone and dibenzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-200rpm, stirring for 18-20h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7000-8000rpm for 8-10min, cleaning the precipitate with deionized water for 2-3 times after centrifuging, and drying at 110-130 ℃ to obtain nano molecules;
in the oleophylic modification, the mass ratio of the porous compound to deionized water to absolute ethyl alcohol to vinyl trimethoxy silane to chloroform to polyvinylpyrrolidone to dibenzoyl peroxide is 10-11:40-50:160-180:50-60:1000-1100:30-40:0.9-1;
adding nano nickel powder, vinyl trimethoxy silane, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-200rpm, stirring for 3-4h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 7000-8000rpm, controlling the time to 8-10min, cleaning a precipitate by using deionized water for 2-3 times after centrifuging, drying at 110-130 ℃, adding the precipitate, tetradecyl methacrylate, azodiisobutyronitrile and N, N-dimethylformamide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by using nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75-85 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100-200rpm, stirring for 38-40h, adding methanol, stirring for 20-30min, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 7000-8000rpm, cleaning the precipitate by using methanol for 3-4 times after centrifuging, and drying at 80-100 ℃ to obtain the synergist;
in the preparation of the synergistic agent, the mass ratio of nano nickel powder to vinyl trimethoxy silane to deionized water to absolute ethyl alcohol to tetradecyl methacrylate to azodiisobutyronitrile to N, N-dimethylformamide to methanol is 10-15:20-30:40-50:160-180:450-500:1.8-2:1400-1600:9000-9500;
the particle size of the nano nickel powder is 20nm.
A clean diesel additive is prepared by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The clean diesel additive prepared by the invention can remove carbon deposition, and the sediment reduction rate can be reduced to 48-51% after the clean diesel additive prepared by the invention is mixed with diesel of-10 # according to the volume ratio of 1:1000;
(2) The clean diesel additive prepared by the invention can save fuel oil, and the fuel saving rate can reach 10.4-10.9% after the clean diesel additive prepared by the invention is mixed with diesel of No. 10 according to the volume ratio of 1:1000;
(3) The clean diesel additive prepared by the invention can reduce emission, and NO is produced at high idle speed after the clean diesel additive prepared by the invention is mixed with-10 diesel according to the volume ratio of 1:1000 x The emission reduction rate of (2) can reach 11.4-12.1%, the emission reduction rate of HC can reach 18.3-18.9%, and the emission reduction rate of CO can reach 31.1-31.8%; NO at low idle speed x The emission reduction rate of (2) can reach 9.1-10.0%, the emission reduction rate of HC can reach 15.4-15.7%, and the emission reduction rate of CO can reach 28.9-29.7%;
(4) The clean diesel additive prepared by the invention has low viscosity, and the viscosity of the clean diesel additive prepared by the invention is 6.1-6.5mm at 25 DEG C 2 /s；
(5) The clean diesel additive prepared by the invention can improve the lubricating property of diesel, is mixed with-10 diesel according to the volume ratio of 1:1000 and then is used in diesel automobiles, and the preheating time of the diesel automobiles started at 0 ℃ is 48-50s;
(6) The clean diesel additive prepared by the invention can improve the storage stability of diesel, avoid the precipitation of raw materials at low temperature, and is placed in an environment with the temperature of 40 ℃ for 1 month without precipitation; the clean diesel additive prepared by the invention is placed in an environment with the temperature of 0 ℃ for 1 month, and no precipitate exists;
(7) The clean diesel additive prepared by the invention can improve the mixing effect of the diesel additive and diesel, the clean diesel additive prepared by the invention is added into-10 diesel, the volume ratio of the diesel additive to-10 diesel is controlled to be 1:1000, and after the addition is finished, the full mixing can be realized within 30 seconds.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of clean diesel additive specifically comprises the following steps: adding 80g of 200# solvent oil, 30g of palm oil and 15g of n-hexane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 40 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 50rpm, stirring for 30min, adding 15g of dimethyl carbonate and 18g of polyether amine, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, increasing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 60 ℃, stirring for 2h, adding 2.5g of nano molecules, continuing stirring for 1h, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 30 ℃, adding 4.5g of synergist, 1g of butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate, 0.8g of barium petroleum sulfonate and 5g of polyalkylene glycol, and continuing stirring for 1h to obtain a clean diesel additive;
the preparation method of the nanometer molecule comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a porous composite: adding 5g of glucose, 2.5g of urea, 1.3g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.7g of cerium sulfate, 0.5g of ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, 10g of silica sol and 100g of deionized water into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 15 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 50rpm, stirring for 30min, transferring into a hydrothermal kettle, controlling the temperature of the hydrothermal kettle to 160 ℃, reacting for 8h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 5000rpm for 5min, cleaning a precipitate by using deionized water for 2 times after centrifuging, drying at 110 ℃, grinding to 40nm, treating at 300 ℃ for 60min, further treating at 500 ℃ for 60min, adding into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 9% with 400g of the solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 9h, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 5000rpm, controlling the rotating speed during 8min, cleaning the precipitate by using deionized water for 2 times after centrifuging, drying at 110 ℃, grinding to 20nm, and obtaining a porous compound particle size;
the silicon dioxide content in the silica sol is 50%;
2. oleophilic modification: adding 10g of porous compound, 40g of deionized water, 160g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 50g of vinyltrimethoxysilane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 3 hours, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7000rpm during centrifuging for 8 minutes, cleaning a precipitate by using deionized water for 2 times after centrifuging, drying at 110 ℃, adding 1000g of chloroform, 30g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.9g of dibenzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by using nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 18 hours, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7000rpm during centrifuging for 8 minutes, cleaning the precipitate by using deionized water for 2 times after centrifuging, and drying at 110 ℃ to obtain nano molecules;
the preparation method of the synergist comprises the following steps: adding 10g of nano nickel powder, 20g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 40g of deionized water and 160g of absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 3 hours, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7000rpm during centrifuging for 8 minutes, cleaning a precipitate with deionized water for 2 times after centrifuging, drying at 110 ℃, adding 450g of tetradecyl methacrylate, 1.8g of azobisisobutyronitrile and 1400g of N, N-dimethylformamide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 38 hours, adding 9000g of methanol, stirring for 20 minutes, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7000rpm during centrifuging, cleaning 3 times with methanol after centrifuging, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain a synergistic agent;
the particle size of the nano nickel powder is 20nm.
Example 2
A preparation method of clean diesel additive specifically comprises the following steps: adding 85g of 200# solvent oil, 32g of palm oil and 18g of normal hexane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 45 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 80rpm, stirring for 35min, adding 18g of dimethyl carbonate and 19g of polyether amine, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, increasing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 65 ℃, stirring for 2.5h, adding 2.8g of nano molecules, continuing stirring for 1.2h, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 35 ℃, adding 4.7g of synergist, 1.2g of butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate, 0.9g of barium petroleum sulfonate and 5.5g of polyalkylene glycol, and continuing stirring for 1.2h to obtain a clean diesel additive;
the preparation method of the nanometer molecule comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a porous composite: adding 5.5g glucose, 2.6g urea, 1.4g hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 0.7g cerium sulfate, 0.6g ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, 11g silica sol and 110g deionized water into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 25 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 80rpm, stirring for 35min, transferring into a hydrothermal kettle, controlling the temperature of the hydrothermal kettle to 170 ℃, reacting for 8.5h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 5500rpm, controlling the time to 5.5min, washing a precipitate by using deionized water for 2 times after centrifuging, drying at 120 ℃, grinding to a particle size of 40nm, then treating at a high temperature of 350 ℃ for 80min, then treating at a high temperature of 550 ℃ for 80min, adding the precipitate and 420g sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 9.5%, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75 ℃, stirring for 9.5h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 5500rpm, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 9min, washing the precipitate by using deionized water for 2 times after centrifuging, and drying at a porous precipitate particle size of 120 nm, and drying the porous precipitate at a porous precipitate size of 30 nm;
the silicon dioxide content in the silica sol is 50%;
2. oleophilic modification: adding 10.5g of porous compound, 45g of deionized water, 170g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 55g of vinyltrimethoxysilane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 150rpm, stirring for 3.5h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7500rpm for 9min, cleaning the precipitate with deionized water for 3 times after centrifuging, drying at 120 ℃, adding 1050g of chloroform, 35g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.9g of dibenzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing the air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 150rpm, stirring for 19h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7500rpm for 9min, cleaning the precipitate with deionized water for 3 times after centrifuging, and drying at 120 ℃ to obtain the nano molecules;
the preparation method of the synergist comprises the following steps: adding 12g of nano nickel powder, 25g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 45g of deionized water and 170g of absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 150rpm, stirring for 3.5h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed at 7500rpm during centrifuging for 9min, cleaning 3 times by using deionized water after centrifuging, drying at 120 ℃, adding 480g of tetradecyl methacrylate, 1.9g of azobisisobutyronitrile and 1500g of N, N-dimethylformamide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by using nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 150rpm, stirring for 39h, adding 9200g of methanol, stirring for 25min, controlling the rotating speed at 7500rpm during centrifuging, cleaning sediment by using methanol for 4 times after centrifuging, and drying at 90 ℃ to obtain a synergistic agent;
the particle size of the nano nickel powder is 20nm.
Example 3
A preparation method of clean diesel additive specifically comprises the following steps: adding 90g of 200# solvent oil, 35g of palm oil and 20g of normal hexane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 50 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 40min, adding 20g of dimethyl carbonate and 20g of polyether amine, sealing the reaction kettle, using nitrogen to replace air in the reaction kettle, increasing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃, stirring for 3h, adding 3g of nano molecules, continuing stirring for 1.5h, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle to 40 ℃, adding 5g of synergist, 1.5g of butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate, 1g of barium petroleum sulfonate and 6g of polyalkylene glycol, and continuing stirring for 1.5h to obtain a clean diesel additive;
the preparation method of the nanometer molecule comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a porous composite: adding 6g of glucose, 2.8g of urea, 1.5g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.8g of cerium sulfate, 0.6g of ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, 12g of silica sol and 120g of deionized water into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 35 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 100rpm, stirring for 40min, transferring into a hydrothermal kettle, controlling the temperature of the hydrothermal kettle to 180 ℃, reacting for 9h, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 6000rpm for 6min, cleaning a precipitate by using deionized water for 3 times after the centrifuging, drying at 130 ℃, grinding to 50nm, treating at 400 ℃ for 90min, then treating at 600 ℃ for 90min, adding into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 10% with 450g into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃, stirring for 10h, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 6000rpm, controlling the rotating speed during the centrifuging to 10min, cleaning the precipitate by using deionized water for 3 times after the centrifuging, drying at 130 ℃, grinding to 30nm, and obtaining a porous composite particle size;
the silicon dioxide content in the silica sol is 50%;
2. oleophilic modification: adding 11g of porous compound, 50g of deionized water, 180g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 60g of vinyl trimethoxy silane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 4 hours, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 8000rpm, controlling the time to 10min, cleaning the precipitate by using deionized water for 3 times after centrifuging, drying at 130 ℃, adding 1100g of chloroform, 40g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 1g of dibenzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by using nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 20 hours, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 8000rpm, controlling the time to 10min, cleaning the precipitate by using deionized water after centrifuging, and drying at 130 ℃ to obtain nano molecules;
the preparation method of the synergist comprises the following steps: adding 15g of nano nickel powder, 30g of vinyl trimethoxy silane, 50g of deionized water and 180g of absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 4 hours, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 8000rpm, controlling the time to 10min, cleaning 3 times by using deionized water after centrifuging, drying at 130 ℃, adding 500g of tetradecyl methacrylate, 2g of azodiisobutyronitrile and 160g of N, N-dimethylformamide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by using nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 85 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to 200rpm, stirring for 40 hours, adding 9500g of methanol, stirring for 30min, centrifuging, controlling the rotating speed during centrifuging to 8000rpm, controlling the time to 10min, cleaning sediment by using methanol for 4 times after centrifuging, and drying at 100 ℃ to obtain a synergistic agent;
the particle size of the nano nickel powder is 20nm.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the clean diesel additive in the embodiment 2 is different in that: the mixture of the nano carbon spheres, the nano cerium oxide and the nano iron oxide is used for replacing the addition of nano molecules, and the mass ratio of the nano carbon spheres to the nano cerium oxide to the nano iron oxide is controlled to be 5.5:0.2:0.2;
the particle sizes of the nano carbon spheres, the nano cerium oxide and the nano iron oxide are all 20nm.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the clean diesel additive in the embodiment 2 is different in that: 0.5g nano nickel powder is used to replace the addition of the synergistic agent;
the particle size of the nano nickel powder is 20nm.
Test example 1
The clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were uniformly mixed with diesel fuel No. 10, the volume ratio of diesel additive to diesel fuel No. 10 was controlled to be 1:1000, and then bench test was performed to test the oil saving rate and the abrasion spot diameter, and the test results were as follows:
from the above results, it can be seen that the clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1 to 3 have a greater effect of improving the fuel saving rate and lubricity of diesel fuel than those of comparative examples 1 and 2;
the nano molecules are subjected to oleophylic modification in the preparation, polyvinylpyrrolidone is arranged in the surface and internal pores, the polyvinylpyrrolidone can play a role of a surfactant, the addition of the surfactant can improve oil consumption to a certain extent, a protective film can be formed at the interface of diesel oil and an engine, friction of the engine is reduced, and abrasion of the engine is reduced;
the surface of the synergist is the poly (tetradecyl methacrylate), and the poly (tetradecyl methacrylate) has the functions of reducing the pour point and improving the fluidity of the clean diesel additive, can promote the dispersion of various raw materials in the clean diesel additive, and avoids the reduction of the lubricity of the diesel caused by deposition; the nano nickel in the synergist can also improve the oil saving rate, and after being grafted and coated by the poly (tetradecyl methacrylate), the nano nickel can be more uniformly dispersed in the diesel oil, so that the effect of improving the oil saving rate is better exerted. In addition, in the modification of nano nickel by using vinyl trimethoxy silane, double bonds are introduced, so that grafting of the polymethyl methacrylate on the double bonds can be realized, and silicon oxygen bonds are also introduced, so that the dispersibility of the nano nickel in clean diesel oil additives and diesel oil is further improved; after the synergist is added into the diesel, the polymethyl methacrylate on the surface of the synergist can adsorb and wrap paraffin crystals in the diesel on the surface of nano nickel, so that the growth of crystal particles is avoided, and a fine paraffin crystal and nano nickel combination with good dispersibility is formed in the diesel.
Test example 2
The clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were uniformly mixed with diesel fuel No. 10, the volume ratio of diesel additive to diesel fuel No. 10 was controlled to be 1:1000, and then a simulated deposit test and bench test were performed, with the following test results:
from the above results, it can be seen that the clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1 to 3 have better carbon deposit removal and emission reduction effects than those of comparative examples 1 and 2;
the preparation method of the nano molecule comprises the steps of preparing a porous compound and oleophylic modification, wherein the porous compound is prepared by mixing glucose, cerium sulfate, ammonium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate and silica sol, performing hydrothermal reaction, calcining to obtain a porous carbon, cerium oxide, ferric oxide and silicon dioxide compound, soaking in alkali liquor, removing silicon dioxide, and grinding to obtain the porous carbon, cerium oxide and ferric oxide porous compound; then carrying out surface modification by using vinyl trimethoxy silane to enable double bonds to be carried in the surface and the internal pores of the porous composite, and then combining polyvinylpyrrolidone into the surface and the internal pores of the porous composite, wherein the existence of polyvinylpyrrolidone can improve the dispersion capability of the porous composite in clean diesel oil additives and diesel oil, thereby promoting the porous carbon, cerium oxide and ferric oxide to play a better role, and both cerium oxide and ferric oxide have the effects of removing carbon deposition and reducing emission; in addition, the stability of the clean diesel additive during storage at high temperature and low temperature can be improved due to the good high-temperature stability and low-temperature stability of the polyvinylpyrrolidone, and in addition, the polyvinylpyrrolidone has a certain effect on removing carbon deposit and reducing emission due to the surface activation effect of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the synergist is prepared by carrying out surface modification on nano nickel by using vinyl trimethoxy silane, so that the surface of the nano nickel is provided with double bonds, then, the poly-tetradecyl methacrylate is grafted on the surface of the nano nickel, the nano nickel can be rapidly dispersed in clean diesel oil additives and diesel oil by utilizing the lipophilicity of ester bonds in the poly-tetradecyl methacrylate, and the poly-tetradecyl methacrylate also has the functions of reducing the condensation point and improving the fluidity of the diesel oil, thereby being capable of reducing the deposition of the nano nickel, being more beneficial to the exertion of the emission reduction effect of the nano nickel, and in addition, the poly-methacrylate also can be matched with polyetheramine, and has positive synergistic effect in the aspect of removing carbon deposit.
Test example 3
The viscosity of the clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested as follows:
from the above results, it can be seen that the viscosity of the clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 is smaller than that of comparative examples 1 and 2;
the polyvinylpyrrolidone on the surface of the nanometer molecule has the surface activation function, and the polymethyl methacrylate on the surface of the synergist has the functions of reducing the condensation point and improving the fluidity, so that the viscosity of the diesel oil is reduced, and the fluidity of the diesel oil is improved.
Test example 4
The clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were mixed with diesel oil No. 10 uniformly, the volume ratio of diesel additive to diesel oil No. 10 was controlled to be 1:1000, and then the mixture was added to a diesel vehicle to test the warm-up time of the vehicle started at 0 ℃, the model of the diesel vehicle was a Jianghuai Fengchao diesel vehicle, the mileage was 8 ten thousand kilometers, and the test results were as follows:
from the above results, it can be seen that the clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1 to 3 can shorten the warm-up time for cold start of an automobile, compared with comparative examples 1 and 2;
the viscosity of the diesel additive can be improved and the lubricity of the diesel can be reduced by adding polyether amine, so that after the engine oil in an engine is ignited, when the engine oil flows into the upper half part of the engine from the engine oil pan at the lower part of the engine, the flow speed is low, and the viscosity of the diesel additive can be improved and the lubricity of the diesel can be improved by adding nano molecules and a synergistic agent, so that the preheating time for starting a cold car of an automobile is shortened.
Test example 5
The clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were filled into the same specification packaging bottles, respectively, sealed after filling, placed in an environment at 40 ℃ for 1 month, poured out, and observed for the presence of precipitates, respectively, and the observation results are as follows:
test example 6
The clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were respectively filled into the same specification packaging bottles, sealed with the packaging bottle caps after filling, placed in an environment at 0 ℃ for 1 month, poured out, and observed for the presence of precipitates, respectively, and the observation results are as follows:
test example 7
The clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were added to diesel fuel No. 10 respectively, the volume ratio of diesel additive to diesel fuel No. 10 was controlled to be 1:1000, and after the addition was completed, the mixing condition of the clean diesel additive and diesel fuel No. 10 was observed, and the observation results were as follows:
as can be seen from the results of test examples 5 to 7, the clean diesel additives prepared in examples 1 to 3 were better in storage stability than those prepared in comparative examples 1 and 2;
if the nano carbon, the nano cerium oxide and the nano iron oxide are independently added into the diesel additive, aggregation is easily caused by adding various nano particles, and the same is true for nano nickel, after the nano carbon, the nano cerium oxide and the nano iron oxide are compounded into a porous compound, the existence of pores in the porous compound can be rapidly released when the diesel engine works, polyvinylpyrrolidone is bonded on the surface of the porous compound, and the release speed can be improved while the rapid dispersibility and the dispersion stability of the porous compound are improved; for nano nickel, the grafting coating of the polymethyl methacrylate is adopted, so that the nano nickel can be rapidly dispersed, and meanwhile, the dispersion stability of the nano nickel in clean diesel oil additives and diesel oil is improved.
The percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages unless otherwise indicated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the clean diesel additive is characterized in that 200# solvent oil, palm oil and normal hexane are added into a reaction kettle, the temperature of the reaction kettle is controlled to 40-50 ℃, dimethyl carbonate and polyether amine are added into the reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is closed, nitrogen is used for replacing air in the reaction kettle, the temperature of the reaction kettle is increased to 60-70 ℃, nano molecules are added into the reaction kettle, stirring is continued, the temperature of the reaction kettle is reduced to 30-40 ℃, and a synergist, butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate salt, barium petroleum sulfonate and polyalkylene glycol are added into the reaction kettle, and stirring is continued to obtain the clean diesel additive;
the preparation method of the nanometer molecule comprises the following steps: preparing a porous compound, and modifying the porous compound in a lipophilic manner;
adding glucose, urea, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cerium sulfate, ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, silica sol and deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly, transferring into a hydrothermal kettle, controlling the temperature of the hydrothermal kettle to 160-180 ℃, centrifuging after hydrothermal reaction, cleaning, drying the precipitate, grinding to 40-50nm, then placing the precipitate in a high temperature of 300-400 ℃, then placing the precipitate in a high temperature of 500-600 ℃, then adding the precipitate and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, stirring, centrifuging, cleaning, drying the precipitate, and grinding to 20-30nm to obtain the porous composite;
adding the porous compound, deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and vinyl trimethoxy silane into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, stirring, centrifuging, cleaning and drying a precipitate, adding the precipitate, chloroform, polyvinylpyrrolidone and dibenzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by using nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, stirring, centrifuging, cleaning and drying the precipitate to obtain nano molecules;
the preparation method of the synergist comprises the steps of adding nano nickel powder, vinyl trimethoxy silane, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, stirring, centrifuging, cleaning and drying a precipitate, adding the precipitate, tetradecyl methacrylate, azodiisobutyronitrile and N, N-dimethylformamide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by using nitrogen, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75-85 ℃, stirring, adding methanol, stirring, centrifuging, cleaning and drying the precipitate, and obtaining the synergist.
2. The method for preparing the clean diesel additive according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of 200# solvent oil, palm oil, n-hexane, dimethyl carbonate, polyetheramine, nano molecules, a synergist, butyl octyl zinc thiophosphate, barium petroleum sulfonate and polyalkylene glycol is 80-90:30-35:15-20:15-20:18-20:2.5-3:4.5-5:1-1.5:0.8-1:5-6.
3. The method for preparing the clean diesel additive according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation of the porous composite, the mass ratio of glucose, urea, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cerium sulfate, ferric ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, silica sol, deionized water and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is 5-6:2.5-2.8:1.3-1.5:0.7-0.8:0.5-0.6:10-12:100-120:400-450;
the silicon dioxide content in the silica sol is 50%;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 9-10%.
4. The method for preparing the clean diesel additive according to claim 1, wherein in the oleophilic modification, the mass ratio of the porous compound, deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol, vinyltrimethoxysilane, chloroform, polyvinylpyrrolidone and dibenzoyl peroxide is 10-11:40-50:160-180:50-60:1000-1100:30-40:0.9-1.
5. The method for preparing the clean diesel additive according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation of the synergistic agent, the mass ratio of nano nickel powder, vinyl trimethoxysilane, deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol, tetradecyl methacrylate, azodiisobutyronitrile, N-dimethylformamide and methanol is 10-15:20-30:40-50:160-180:450-500:1.8-2:1400-1600:9000-9500;
the particle size of the nano nickel powder is 20nm.
6. A clean diesel additive made by the method of any one of claims 1-5.
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