CN117249671A - Vertical furnace for melting metal - Google Patents
Vertical furnace for melting metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117249671A CN117249671A CN202310030831.2A CN202310030831A CN117249671A CN 117249671 A CN117249671 A CN 117249671A CN 202310030831 A CN202310030831 A CN 202310030831A CN 117249671 A CN117249671 A CN 117249671A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- furnace body
- melting metal
- hot
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/12—Shells or casings; Supports therefor
- F27B1/14—Arrangements of linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/22—Arrangements of heat-exchange apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical furnace for melting metal, which comprises a furnace body, a supporting plate, a refractory brick layer, a fire grate, a hot air pipe, a hot air furnace, an air inlet pipe, a spring, a blower, a slag hole, a tap hole, a feed inlet, an exhaust pipe, a dust remover, a gas heat exchanger, a heat exchange pipe, a chimney, a furnace seat and a baffle plate. According to the vertical furnace for melting metal, disclosed by the invention, the connection tightness between the refractory brick layer and the inner wall of the furnace body can be improved, the efficiency and the effect of burning and melting raw materials are improved, the efficiency and the effect of batch delivery of the raw materials are improved, the energy consumption of the vertical furnace is reduced, and the environmental protection performance of the vertical furnace is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vertical furnaces, in particular to a vertical furnace for melting metal.
Background
The vertical furnace uses steel plate as furnace shell, and the inside of the shell is lined with refractory bricks. The vertical furnace body is divided into a furnace throat, a furnace body, a furnace waist, a furnace belly and a furnace hearth 5 from top to bottom. Because of the advantages of good technical and economic indexes, simple process, large production quantity, high labor production efficiency, low energy consumption and the like of the vertical furnace iron making technology, the iron produced by the method accounts for the vast majority of the total world iron production, and the vertical furnace is a main device for smelting pig iron, iron for castings and iron for steel making. The iron ore is reduced to metallic iron through a reduction reaction in a shaft furnace, and the iron state is a melt of liquid iron and slag. Molten metal is a main product of a shaft furnace, and slag is a byproduct generated in the iron smelting process. Slag is composed of impurities in iron-making raw materials and fluxes added to aid in the smelting process.
The existing vertical furnace has the defects that the refractory brick layers are directly built in the furnace body, the furnace body is designed into a column table with thin upper part and thick lower part, the refractory brick layers are in plane contact with the inner wall of the furnace body, the refractory brick layers are not tightly connected with the inner wall of the furnace body, the refractory brick layers are easy to collapse integrally, potential safety hazards are caused, and iron ore, coke and slag forming flux filled from the furnace top in the process of iron making are fed into the furnace body in sequence through a plurality of conveying belts because the descending speed is too fast, preheated air is blown into the furnace from air openings along the periphery of the furnace from the lower part of the furnace to be in contact with the iron ore, coke and slag forming flux, so that the iron ore, coke and slag forming flux are difficult to be fully combusted and melted, a large amount of raw materials are wasted, the purity of produced molten iron is not high enough, and in addition, in the process of the vertical furnace iron ore, coke and slag forming flux are required to be distributed in batches in the furnace body, the iron ore, coke and slag forming flux are fed into the furnace body in layers through the plurality of conveying belts, so that the energy consumption of the ideal materials is not increased in the process of the furnace body, and the ideal effect of the smelting flux is not consumed in the process of the layers.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the vertical furnace for melting metal, which can improve the connection tightness between the refractory brick layer and the inner wall of the furnace body, improve the efficiency and effect of burning and melting raw materials, improve the batch feeding efficiency and effect of the raw materials, reduce the energy consumption of the vertical furnace and improve the environmental protection performance of the vertical furnace.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a vertical stove of molten metal, includes the furnace body, the lateral wall top-down of furnace body inner chamber is fixed and is equipped with a plurality of backup pads, the lateral wall of furnace body inner chamber is built with firebrick layer, furnace body inner chamber internal fixation is equipped with the grate, the outside of furnace body is equipped with the hot-blast main, the one end that the furnace body was kept away from to the hot-blast main is connected with the hot-blast furnace, the air intake connection of hot-blast furnace has the intake pipe, the one end that the hot-blast furnace was kept away from to the intake pipe is connected with the air-blower, the lateral part of furnace body and the below that is located the connecting portion of hot-blast main and furnace body are equipped with slag notch and play iron notch, the top of furnace body is equipped with the feed inlet, the lateral part of furnace body and the top that is located the connecting portion of grate and furnace body are equipped with the waste gas pipe, the one end that the waste gas pipe was kept away from the furnace body is connected with the dust remover, the exit end of dust remover is connected with gas heat exchanger, the heat exchange tube is kept away from the one end and the air inlet pipe intercommunication, the furnace body end that the gas heat exchanger is connected with the chimney, the bottom fixedly is equipped with the stove seat, the inboard of feed inlet is equipped with the bottom and side wall articulated bottom and the inside wall.
Further, the thickness of the refractory brick layer is greater than the width of the support plate and encases the support plate.
Further, the grate is made of refractory cement.
Further, the tapping hole and the slag hole are respectively arranged at two sides of the furnace body, the horizontal height of the tapping hole is lower than that of the slag hole, and a working lining is arranged on the inner wall of the tapping hole.
Further, the supporting plate is in a circular ring shape.
Further, the fire grate is conical with a cambered middle part.
Further, the horizontal height of the connecting part of the hot air pipe and the furnace body is lower than that of the connecting part of the fire grate and the furnace body.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention relates to a vertical furnace for melting metal, wherein when metal materials pass through a feed inlet, a baffle plate is subjected to the gravity of the materials to enable the free end of the baffle plate to descend, at the moment, the feed inlet is opened, when no materials fall on the baffle plate, a spring pushes the baffle plate to reset to enable the baffle plate to completely seal the feed inlet, the materials fall on a fire grate after entering a furnace body, the materials slowly fall from holes on the fire grate, at the moment, high-temperature air flow blown by a hot air pipe burns and melts the metal to enable the metal to become molten iron and slag, the slag is discharged from a slag outlet to the outside of the furnace body, the molten iron is discharged from the iron outlet to the outside of the furnace body, waste gas generated by the burning and melting of the materials in the furnace body finally flows into a dust remover through a waste gas pipe along the ascending direction of the furnace body, the dust remover removes dust of the waste gas, and the waste gas passes through a gas heat exchanger to exchange the temperature in the waste gas after passing through the dust remover, the heat re-enters the vertical furnace, the heat energy can be saved, the harm of the exhaust gas of the vertical furnace can be effectively reduced, the tightness of the connection between the refractory brick layer and the inner wall of the furnace is improved because the refractory brick layer is contacted with the inner wall of the furnace and the supporting plate, the collapse of the refractory brick layer is effectively prevented, the descending speed of the metal materials can be greatly delayed by arranging the fire grate, the contact time of the high-temperature air flow and the materials is improved, the bearing capacity of the fire grate can be improved and the contact area of the high-temperature air flow and the materials can be increased because the fire grate is in a column shape, the combustion and melting efficiency and effect of the high-temperature air flow on the metal materials are improved, compared with the prior art, the connection tightness of the refractory brick layer and the inner wall of the furnace can be improved, the combustion and melting efficiency and effect of the raw materials are improved, the batch feeding efficiency and effect of the raw materials are improved, and the energy consumption of the vertical furnace is reduced, the environmental protection performance of the vertical furnace is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a molten metal shaft furnace according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of a shaft furnace for melting metal according to the present invention.
Reference numeral control table:
1. a furnace body; 2. a support plate; 3. a layer of firebrick; 4. a fire grate; 5. a hot air pipe; 6. hot blast stove; 7. an air inlet pipe; 8. a spring; 9. a blower; 10. a slag outlet; 11. a tap hole; 12. a feed inlet; 13. an exhaust pipe; 14. a dust remover; 15. a gas heat exchanger; 16. a heat exchange tube; 17. a chimney; 18. a furnace seat; 19. and a baffle.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals.
It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in figures 1 to 2, a vertical furnace for melting metal comprises a furnace body 1, wherein a plurality of supporting plates 2 are fixedly arranged on the side wall of an inner cavity of the furnace body 1 from top to bottom, the supporting plates 2 are in a ring shape, a refractory brick layer 3 is laid on the side wall of the inner cavity of the furnace body 1, the thickness of the refractory brick layer 3 is larger than the width of the supporting plates 2 and wraps the supporting plates 2, a fire grate 4 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the furnace body 1, the fire grate 4 is in a conical shape with a cambered middle part, the fire grate 4 is made of refractory cement, a hot air pipe 5 is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body 1, the horizontal height of the connecting part of the hot air pipe 5 and the furnace body 1 is lower than that of the connecting part of the fire grate 4 and the furnace body 1, one end, far away from the furnace body 1, of the hot air pipe 5 is connected with a hot air furnace 6, an air inlet pipe 7 is connected with one end, far away from the hot air furnace 6, of the air inlet pipe 8 is connected with a blower 9, the side part of the furnace body 1 and the lower part of the connecting part of the hot air pipe 5 and the furnace body 1 are provided with a slag hole 10 and a slag hole 11, the slag hole 11 and the slag hole 10 are respectively arranged on two sides of the furnace body 1, the horizontal height of the slag hole 11 is lower than that of the slag hole 10, the inner wall of the slag hole 11 is provided with a working lining, the top of the furnace body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 12, the side part of the furnace body 1 and the upper part of the connecting part of the fire grate 4 and the furnace body 1 are provided with an exhaust pipe 13, one end of the exhaust pipe 13, which is far away from the furnace body 1, is connected with a dust remover 14, the outlet end of the dust remover 14 is connected with a gas heat exchanger 15, the heat exchange end of the gas heat exchanger 15 is connected with a heat exchange pipe 16, one end of the heat exchange pipe 16, which is far away from the gas heat exchanger 15, is communicated with the air inlet pipe 8, the air outlet end of the gas heat exchanger 15 is connected with a chimney 17, the bottom of the furnace body 1 is fixedly provided with a furnace seat 18, the inner side of the feed inlet 12 is provided with a baffle 19 hinged with the side wall of the furnace body 1, a spring 8 is fixedly connected between the bottom of the baffle 19 and the inner side wall of the furnace body 1.
The side wall of the inner cavity of the furnace body 1 is fixedly provided with a plurality of support plates 2 from top to bottom, the side wall of the inner cavity of the furnace body 1 is built with a refractory brick layer 3, when metal materials pass through the feed inlet 12, the baffle 19 receives the gravity of the materials to enable the free end of the baffle 19 to descend, at the moment, the feed inlet 12 is opened, when no metal materials fall on the baffle 19, the spring 20 pushes the baffle 19 to reset to enable the baffle 19 to completely seal the feed inlet 12, the metal materials fall on the fire grate 4 after entering the furnace body 1, the metal materials slowly fall from holes on the fire grate 4, at the moment, the high-temperature air flow blown by the hot air furnace 6 burns and melts the metal materials, so that the metal materials become molten iron and slag are discharged to the outside of the furnace body 1 from the slag outlet 10, the molten iron is discharged to the outside of the furnace body 1 from the iron outlet 11, waste gas generated by burning and melting the materials in the furnace body 1 ascends along the furnace body 1 and finally flows into the dust remover 14 through the waste gas pipe 13, the dust remover 14 removes dust from the waste gas, the waste gas passes through the gas heat exchanger 15 after passing through the dust remover 14, the temperature in the waste gas exchanges heat, the heat re-enters the furnace body 1, the heat energy can be saved, the harm of the waste gas of the vertical furnace can be effectively reduced, because the refractory brick layer 3 is not only contacted with the inner wall of the furnace body 1 but also contacted with the supporting plate 2, the connection tightness of the refractory brick layer 3 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is improved, the collapse of the refractory brick layer 3 is effectively prevented, the falling speed of the metal material can be greatly delayed due to the arrangement of the fire grate 4, the contact time of the high-temperature air flow and the metal material is improved, the bearing capacity of the fire grate 4 can be improved, the contact area of the high-temperature air flow and the metal material can be increased, the combustion and melting efficiency and the effect of the high-temperature air flow on the metal material are improved, compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency furnace has the advantages that the tightness of the connection between the refractory brick layer 3 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 can be improved, the efficiency and the effect of burning and melting raw materials are improved, the efficiency and the effect of batch delivery of the raw materials are improved, the energy consumption of a vertical furnace is reduced, and the environmental protection performance of the vertical furnace is improved.
The above description is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but is to be accorded the full scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a vertical furnace for melting metal, its characterized in that includes furnace body (1), the lateral wall top-down of furnace body (1) inner chamber is fixed and is equipped with a plurality of backup pads (2), the lateral wall of furnace body (1) inner chamber is built with firebrick layer (3), furnace body (1) inner chamber internal fixation is equipped with grate (4), the outside of furnace body (1) is equipped with hot-blast pipe (5), the one end that furnace body (1) was kept away from in hot-blast pipe (5) is connected with hot-blast furnace (6), the air intake connection of hot-blast furnace (6) has intake pipe (7), the one end that hot-blast furnace (6) was kept away from in intake pipe (7) is connected with air-blower (9), the lateral part of furnace body (1) and be located the below of the connecting portion of hot-blast pipe (5) and furnace body (1) are equipped with slag notch (10) and iron notch (11), the top of furnace body (1) is equipped with feed inlet (12), the lateral part of furnace body (1) and the top that is located the connecting portion of grate (4) and furnace body (1) is equipped with exhaust pipe (13), the one end (13) is kept away from the one end (1) is connected with heat exchanger (14) of dust remover (14), heat exchanger (16) has heat exchanger (16), one end of a heat exchange tube (16) far away from a gas heat exchanger (15) is communicated with an air inlet tube (8), an air outlet end of the gas heat exchanger (15) is connected with a chimney (17), a furnace seat (18) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1), a baffle plate (19) hinged with the side wall of the furnace body (1) is arranged at the inner side of the feed inlet (12), and a spring (8) is fixedly connected between the bottom of the baffle plate (19) and the inner side wall of the furnace body (1).
2. A shaft furnace for melting metal as in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the refractory brick layer (3) is larger than the width of the supporting plate (2) and the supporting plate (2) is wrapped.
3. A shaft furnace for melting metal as in claim 1, wherein: the fire grate (4) is made of refractory cement.
4. A shaft furnace for melting metal as in claim 1, wherein: the tapping hole (11) and the slag hole (10) are respectively arranged at two sides of the furnace body (1), the horizontal height of the tapping hole (11) is lower than that of the slag hole (10), and a working lining is arranged on the inner wall of the tapping hole (11).
5. A shaft furnace for melting metal as in claim 1, wherein: the supporting plate (2) is in a circular ring shape.
6. A shaft furnace for melting metal as in claim 3, wherein: the fire grate (4) is conical with a cambered middle part.
7. A shaft furnace for melting metal as in claim 4, wherein: the horizontal height of the connecting part of the hot air pipe (5) and the furnace body (1) is lower than that of the connecting part of the fire grate (4) and the furnace body (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310030831.2A CN117249671A (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Vertical furnace for melting metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310030831.2A CN117249671A (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Vertical furnace for melting metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117249671A true CN117249671A (en) | 2023-12-19 |
Family
ID=89130092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310030831.2A Pending CN117249671A (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Vertical furnace for melting metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117249671A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-01-10 CN CN202310030831.2A patent/CN117249671A/en active Pending
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