CN117247836A - Device and method for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in ocean in layered manner - Google Patents
Device and method for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in ocean in layered manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN117247836A CN117247836A CN202311540452.4A CN202311540452A CN117247836A CN 117247836 A CN117247836 A CN 117247836A CN 202311540452 A CN202311540452 A CN 202311540452A CN 117247836 A CN117247836 A CN 117247836A
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010415 tropism Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application provides a device and a method for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in ocean in a layered manner, which belong to the technical field of magnetotactic bacteria sampling and comprise a separation cylinder and a sample box, wherein magnetic poles are arranged on two sides of the separation cylinder, and the magnetic poles on two sides of the separation cylinder are opposite in magnetism. The bottom of the sample box is provided with a bottom plate which can be opened and closed, and the side wall of the sample box is movably inserted with a partition plate. The top of the separation cylinder is used opposite the bottom of the sample cartridge. The sample box is filled with an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample in the ocean, and the separation cylinder is filled with in-situ seawater. The in-situ magnetotactic bacteria samples are separated layer by layer from the bottom to the top through alternately inserting and opening the bottom plate and the partition plate, in-situ seawater which falls into the separating cylinder is diffused, and magnetotactic bacteria in each layer of samples are separated from each other according to self magnetotactic under the action of two magnetic poles and are respectively gathered near corresponding magnetic poles in the separating cylinder for collection. As each layer of sample independently enters the separation cylinder, independent collection of the evading bacteria at different depth positions in the sediment is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of magnetotactic bacteria sampling, and particularly relates to a device and a method for collecting magnetotactic bacteria with different tropisms in the ocean in a layered manner.
Background
Magnetotactic bacteria (Magnetotactic bacteria) are a class of gram-negative bacteria that are capable of moving in the direction of a magnetic field. In marine science research, collection of magnetotactic bacteria is the basis for research and utilization of marine magnetotactic bacteria germplasm resources. As the number and the kind of the magnetotactic bacteria are different along with the change of the depth position of the extracted marine sediment, the magnetotactic bacteria information of different depths can be obtained only by collecting the magnetotactic bacteria at different depth positions in the sediment in a layered manner.
At present, the method for collecting the marine magnetotactic bacteria is as follows: collecting sediment in a wide-mouth bottle, mixing seawater, fully shaking the seawater to mix magnetotactic bacteria in the sediment into the seawater, attaching a small magnet to the outer wall of the bottle, enabling the magnetotactic bacteria to move to the vicinity of the small magnet along a magnetic induction line, and absorbing seawater rich in the magnetotactic bacteria in the vicinity of the small magnet in the bottle after a period of time. However, the sediment at each depth is diffused and mixed in the shaking process, so that layered extraction cannot be realized.
The publication No. CN201321453Y (publication day: 2009.10.07) discloses a bidirectional magnetotactic bacteria collecting device, wherein a sample containing magnetotactic bacteria is placed in a containing cavity of a collector 1, the magnetotactic bacteria passes through a filter cotton plug 3 from the side wall opening of the collector 1, passes through a separation tube 2 and passes through the central through hole of a rubber plug 4 to swim into a sample tube 5, and the magnetotactic bacteria moving along and against magnetic lines of force respectively enter two sample tubes 5, so that the purpose of simultaneously collecting the magnetotactic bacteria in both directions is achieved. It still fails to address the problem of how to extract hierarchically.
Disclosure of Invention
On one hand, the invention provides a device for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in a layered manner, which can realize extraction of the magnetotactic bacteria in different depths in ocean sediments, and has a simple structure and convenient operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the application is as follows: the device for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in a layered manner comprises a separation cylinder, wherein magnetic poles are arranged on two sides of the separation cylinder, and the magnetic poles on two sides of the separation cylinder are opposite in magnetism;
the device also comprises a sample box, wherein the bottom of the sample box is provided with a bottom plate which can be opened and closed, and a partition plate is movably inserted into the side wall of the sample box; the partition plates are arranged at the top of the bottom plate at intervals so as to partition the space inside the sample box; the top of the separating cylinder is open, and the top of the separating cylinder is used for being opposite to the bottom of the sample box.
Optionally, two groups of screens are vertically arranged in the separation cylinder, the separation cylinder is separated by the two groups of screens into a feeding chute, a first isolation chute and a second isolation chute, the first isolation chute and the second isolation chute are respectively positioned at two sides of the feeding chute, the first isolation chute and the second isolation chute are respectively arranged towards two magnetic poles, and the top of the feeding chute is used for being opposite to the bottom of the sample box.
Optionally, a stirring device is arranged in the feed tank.
Optionally, the stirring device comprises a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, wherein the first bevel gear is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom wall of the feed chute, the second bevel gear is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the feed chute and meshed with the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear is provided with a rocking handle extending out of the outer side wall of the separation cylinder, and the top wall of the first bevel gear is optionally provided with blades.
Optionally, the device further comprises two isolation plates, two groups of slots are formed in the opposite side walls of the separation cylinder, the two groups of slots are respectively arranged in the two groups of screens in parallel, and the two isolation plates are respectively inserted into the two groups of slots.
Optionally, the side wall of the sample box is provided with a bottom plate slot and a partition plate slot, the bottom plate is inserted in the bottom plate slot and is partially exposed outside the sample box, and the partition plate is inserted in the partition plate slot and is partially exposed outside the sample box.
On the other hand, the invention provides a method for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in a layered manner, which can realize extraction of the magnetotactic bacteria with different depths in sediments.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the application is as follows: a method for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in ocean in a layered manner is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the device comprises a sample box and a separation cylinder, wherein magnetic poles are arranged on two sides of the separation cylinder, the magnetic poles on two sides of the separation cylinder are opposite in magnetism, and the top of the separation cylinder is open; the bottom of the sample box is provided with a bottom plate which can be opened and closed, the side wall of the sample box is movably inserted with a partition plate, and the partition plate is arranged at the top of the bottom plate at intervals; under the default state, the bottom plate of the sample box is in a closed state; filling an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample in the sample box, and filling in-situ seawater in the separation cylinder;
s2: the separation plate is completely inserted into the sample box to separate in-situ magnetotactic bacteria samples in the sample box, wherein the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria samples between the separation plate and the bottom plate are layers to be detected, and the bottom of the sample box is opposite to the top opening of the separation cylinder;
s3: opening a bottom plate, wherein a layer to be detected in an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample falls into in-situ seawater in the separating cylinder and diffuses in the in-situ seawater, magnetotactic bacteria in the layer to be detected are separated from each other under the action of two magnetic poles according to own magnetotactic and are respectively gathered near corresponding magnetic poles in the separating cylinder, and sediment is sunk into the bottom of the separating cylinder; collecting in-situ seawater near the two magnetic poles respectively to finish the collection of the bottom layer of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample;
s4: closing the bottom plate, extracting the partition plate, and enabling the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample at the top of the partition plate to fall onto the bottom plate;
s5: and (2) circulating S2 to S4 until the magnetotactic bacteria in all in-situ magnetotactic bacteria samples in the sample box are separated and collected.
Optionally, two groups of screens are vertically arranged in the separating cylinder, the separating cylinder is divided into a feeding chute and a first isolation chute and a second isolation chute which are respectively positioned at two sides of the feeding chute by the two groups of screens, and the first isolation chute and the second isolation chute are respectively arranged towards two magnetic poles;
s2, the bottom of the sample box is opposite to the top opening of the feed chute;
s3, in-situ seawater in which a layer to be detected in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample falls into the feed tank and diffuses in the in-situ seawater, magnetotactic bacteria in the layer to be detected are separated from each other under the action of two magnetic poles according to own magnetotactic and are respectively gathered in the first isolation tank and the second isolation tank, and sediment sinks into the bottom of the separation tank and is blocked and limited in the feed tank by the screen; and respectively collecting the in-situ seawater in the first isolation groove and the second isolation groove to finish the collection of the bottom layer of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample.
Optionally, a stirring device is arranged in the feed chute; the stirring device comprises a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom wall of the feed chute, the second bevel gear is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the feed chute and meshed with the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear is provided with a rocking handle extending out of the outer side wall of the separation cylinder, and the top wall of the first bevel gear is selectively provided with blades;
and S3, in the diffusion process of the in-situ seawater, stirring the settled layer to be detected by selectively rotating the rocking handle.
Alternatively, the collection of magnetotactic bacteria in the in situ seawater near the two poles is accomplished using a syringe.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme for prior art of this application lies in:
the sample box is used for containing an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample in the ocean. The bottom plate and the partition plate are alternately inserted and opened to separate the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample layer by layer from bottom to top. The top of the separation cylinder is used for being opposite to the bottom of the sample box, when the bottom plate is opened each time, a layer to be detected between the bottom plate and the partition plate can fall into the original position seawater in the separation cylinder and spread in the original position seawater, and magnetotactic bacteria in the layer to be detected are separated from each other under the action of two magnetic poles according to the magnetotactic of the two magnetic poles and are gathered near corresponding magnetic poles in the separation cylinder respectively, so that the collection is convenient. In-situ magnetotactic bacteria samples can be separated into a plurality of layers to be detected according to depth in the process, and each layer of layer to be detected independently enters a separation cylinder to be separated and collected, so that independent collection of the evading bacteria at different depth positions in the sediment is realized.
As the layer to be detected is in diffusion motion from the water surface to the bottom, the magnetotactic bacteria in the sediment are not required to be mixed into the seawater through initial shaking, and the operation is convenient and stable. Meanwhile, as the distance between the bottom plate and the partition plate is a fixed value, the sample amount in the in-situ seawater can be ensured to be a fixed value each time, and the control of variables is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in layers;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a device for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in layers;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the separating cylinder;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the sample cartridge structure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sample cartridge sampling process.
Icon: 1. a separation cylinder; 101. a screen; 102. a feed chute; 103. a first isolation groove; 104. a second isolation groove; 105. a first bevel gear; 106. a second bevel gear; 107. a rocking handle; 108. a blade; 109. a partition plate; 110. a slot; 2. a magnetic pole; 3. a sample cartridge; 301. a bottom plate; 302. a partition plate; 303. a bottom plate slot; 304. a splitter plate slot; 305. a sealing plate; 306. a guide groove; 4. an in situ magnetotactic bacterial sample; 401. a layer to be detected; 5. in situ seawater.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" with respect to another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a device for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in a layered manner, which is based on the device shown in fig. 1 and 2 and comprises a separation cylinder 1, wherein magnetic poles 2 are arranged on two sides of the separation cylinder 1, and the magnetic poles 2 on two sides of the separation cylinder 1 are opposite in magnetism. The magnetic pole 2 may be a magnet or an electromagnet. The separating cylinder 1 is used for filling in-situ seawater 5. After the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 enters the separating cylinder 1, the magnetotactic bacteria are separated from each other under the action of the two magnetic poles 2 according to the magnetotactic property of the magnetotactic bacteria sample, and are respectively gathered near the corresponding magnetic poles 2 in the separating cylinder 1, so that the magnetotactic bacteria sample is convenient to collect.
On the basis of the structure, the sample box 3 is further included, the bottom of the sample box 3 is provided with a bottom plate 301 which can be opened and closed, and a partition plate 302 is movably inserted into the side wall of the sample box 3. A partition plate 302 is provided at the top of the bottom plate 301 at intervals to partition the space inside the sample cartridge 3. The sample cartridge 3 is for holding a sample 4 of in situ magnetotactic bacteria. In the default state, the base 301 is in the closed state. The top of the separating cylinder 1 is open, and the top of the separating cylinder 1 is used for being opposite to the bottom of the sample box 3, and the sample box 3 can be placed on the top of the separating cylinder 1. In order to ensure the stability of the sample cartridge 3, it is also possible to fix it to the separation cylinder 1 by providing a latch on the outer sidewall.
In use, the divider plate 302 is fully inserted into the sample cartridge 3, and the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 within the sample cartridge 3 is divided. Wherein the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 between the partition plate 302 and the bottom plate 301 is the layer 401 to be detected. The bottom plate 301 is then opened and the layer 401 to be detected can be diffused in the in-situ seawater 5 falling into the separation tank 1. The magnetotactic bacteria in the layer 401 to be detected are separated from each other by the action of the two magnetic poles 2 according to their own magnetotactic and are respectively gathered near the corresponding magnetic poles 2 in the separating cylinder 1, and the sediment can be settled at the bottom of the separating cylinder 1. An operator extracts in-situ seawater 5 near the two magnetic poles 2 through equipment such as an injector and the like to collect magnetotactic bacteria of the layer 401 to be detected. After the collection of the magnetotactic bacteria in the layer 401 to be detected is completed, the bottom plate 301 in the sample box 3 is closed, the separation plate 302 is pulled away, the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 positioned at the top of the separation plate 302 falls onto the bottom plate 301, at this time, the above operation is repeated again and circularly, and the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 can be layered from bottom to top and the inside magnetotactic bacteria can be separated and collected layer by layer. In marine science research, collection of magnetotactic bacteria is the basis for research and utilization of marine magnetotactic bacteria germplasm resources. Since the number and the kind of magnetotactic bacteria contained in the extracted in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 are different with the change of the depth position of the sediment, the magnetotactic bacteria information of different depths can be obtained only by collecting the magnetotactic bacteria at different depth positions in the sediment in a layered manner. The arrangement of the sample cartridge 3 fulfills the need for layered collection. In the above process, since the layer 401 to be detected is in a diffusion motion from the water surface to the bottom, it is not necessary to mix magnetotactic bacteria in the sediment into the seawater by initial shaking, and the operation is convenient and stable. Meanwhile, as the distance between the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 is a fixed value, the sample amount entering the in-situ seawater 5 each time can be ensured to be a fixed value, and the control of variables is facilitated.
Preferably, in order to prevent contamination of the in situ magnetotactic bacterial sample 4 at the top of the cartridge 3, a sealing plate 305 may be provided at the top of the cartridge 3. The sealing plate 305 may be directly covered on the top of the cartridge 3, or the cartridge 3 may be inserted from the side as in the case of the partition plate 302.
In this embodiment, the construction of the sample cartridge 3 is also convenient for in situ sampling of an in situ magnetotactic bacterial sample 4, based on the construction shown in fig. 5. In detail, when in use, the sealing plate 305, the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 of the sample cartridge 3 are all removed, and the sample cartridge 3 has a vertically penetrating tubular structure. The sample box 3 is inserted into the sediment of the ocean, and the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 can enter the sample box 3 from the bottom. Subsequently, the sediment outside the cartridge 3 is peeled off, and the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 are inserted into the side wall of the cartridge 3, and the bottom plate 301 closes the bottom of the cartridge 3. Meanwhile, the sealing plate 305 is covered at the bottom of the sample box 3, and the sample box 3 is taken out to obtain the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4.
The disturbance of the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 is very small in the whole process, the spatial distribution of the most original state can be reserved, the mixing among different layers can not occur, and the accuracy of the follow-up magnetotactic bacteria data is ensured.
Further, based on the illustration of fig. 1 and 2, two sets of screens 101 are vertically arranged in the separation cylinder 1, and the separation cylinder 1 is partitioned by the two sets of screens 101 into a feed chute 102, a first isolation chute 103 and a second isolation chute 104. The first isolation groove 103 and the second isolation groove 104 are located at both sides of the feed groove 102, respectively, and the first isolation groove 103 and the second isolation groove 104 are disposed toward the two magnetic poles 2, respectively. The top of the feed tank 102 is used opposite the bottom of the sample cartridge 3. Screen 101 is used to block impurities such as silt. In use, a sample of the layer 401 to be tested is dropped into the in situ seawater 5 within the feed tank 102. Impurities such as silt can reduce the diffusion amount into the first isolation groove 103 and the second isolation groove 104 under the blocking effect of the screen 101, and magnetotactic bacteria can smoothly move to the magnetic poles 2 at two sides through the screen 101. The operator extracts the separated magnetotactic bacteria from the first isolation groove 103 and the second isolation groove 104 respectively to ensure purity. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the screen 101 can provide reference for operators, so that the position for extracting magnetotactic bacteria is not located in the feed chute 102 with low magnetotactic bacteria concentration, and the effectiveness of extraction is guaranteed.
Further, a stirring device is provided in the feed tank 102. If the sample of the layer 401 to be detected is settled too fast, the in-situ seawater 5 can be stirred by the stirring device, so that sediment is suspended again, the suspension time of magnetotactic bacteria is prolonged, more time is allowed for the in-situ seawater 5 to move along the magnetic induction line, and the collection efficiency is improved. In detail, based on fig. 1 to 3, the stirring device includes a first bevel gear 105 rotatably installed at an inner bottom wall of the feed chute 102, and a second bevel gear 106 rotatably installed at a side wall of the feed chute 102 and engaged with the first bevel gear 105, the second bevel gear 106 being provided with a crank 107 extending out of an outer side wall of the separation cylinder 1. An operator rotates the rocking handle 107 to drive the first bevel gear 105 and the second bevel gear 106 to rotate in the in-situ seawater 5, so that the agitation of the in-situ seawater 5 is realized. The intensity of agitation may be achieved by controlling the speed at which the handles 107 are rotated. Meanwhile, in order to enhance the agitating effect, a vane 108 may be selectively provided at the top wall of the first bevel gear 105 as needed. The selective setting may or may not provide the vanes 108.
Preferably, based on the figures 1 to 3, two isolation plates 109 are further included, two groups of slots 110 are arranged on the opposite side walls of the separation cylinder 1, the two groups of slots 110 are respectively arranged on the two groups of screens 101 in parallel, and the two isolation plates 109 are respectively inserted into the slots 110. After the magnetotactic bacteria moves to the magnetic pole 2, two isolation plates 109 are respectively inserted into two groups of slots 110 to separate the first isolation tank 103 and the second isolation tank 104 from the feed tank 102. At this time, the operator extracts magnetotactic bacteria in the first isolation tank 103 and the second isolation tank 104. This arrangement prevents the operator from moving the magnetotactic bacteria back into the feed tank 102 during extraction due to disturbance.
Further, based on fig. 4, the side wall of the sample cartridge 3 is provided with a bottom plate slot 303 and a partition plate slot 304. The bottom plate 301 is inserted into the bottom plate slot 303 and partially exposed outside the sample cartridge 3, and the partition plate 302 is inserted into the partition plate slot 304 and partially exposed outside the sample cartridge 3. The portions of the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 exposed to the outside of the sample cartridge 3 are convenient for the operator to manually open and insert. In order to ensure that the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 are not deflected when inserted, guide grooves 306 may be provided in the inner side walls of the sample cartridge 3, and the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 slide along the guide grooves 306.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a method for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in a layered manner, which is based on the method shown in fig. 1 and 2 and comprises the following steps:
s1: the magnetic pole separating device comprises a sample box 3 and a separating cylinder 1, wherein magnetic poles 2 are arranged on two sides of the separating cylinder 1, and the magnetic poles 2 on two sides of the separating cylinder 1 are opposite in magnetism. The magnetic pole 2 may be a magnet or an electromagnet. The top of the separating cylinder 1 is open. The bottom of the sample box 3 is provided with a bottom plate 301 which can be opened and closed, a partition plate 302 is movably inserted into the side wall of the sample box 3, and the partition plates 302 are arranged at the top of the bottom plate 301 at intervals. In the default state, the bottom plate 301 of the sample cartridge 3 is in the closed state. The sample box 3 is filled with an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4, and the separation cylinder 1 is filled with in-situ seawater 5. The sample box 3 is used for storing an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4, and the separation cylinder 1 is used for separating bacteria with different magnetotactic in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4.
In the present embodiment, based on the illustration of fig. 4, the side wall of the sample cartridge 3 is provided with a bottom plate slot 303 and a partition plate slot 304. The bottom plate 301 is inserted into the bottom plate slot 303 and partially exposed outside the sample cartridge 3, and the partition plate 302 is inserted into the partition plate slot 304 and partially exposed outside the sample cartridge 3. The portions of the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 exposed to the outside of the sample cartridge 3 are convenient for the operator to manually open and insert. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the bottom plate 301 may be directly hinged to the bottom of the sample box 3, and may be turned to open or close the bottom plate.
S2: the separation plate 302 is fully inserted into the sample box 3 to separate the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 in the sample box 3, wherein the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 between the separation plate 302 and the bottom plate 301 is the layer 401 to be detected, and the bottom of the sample box 3 is opposite to the top opening of the separation cylinder 1.
In the implementation process, in order to ensure the stability of the relative position of the sample box 3 and the separation cylinder 1, the sample box 3 can be placed at the opening of the top of the separation cylinder 1 and connected through a connecting component such as a lock catch. For the above-described other embodiments, the bottom plate 301 is hinged to the bottom of the sample box 3, so that the liquid level of the in-situ seawater 5 is sufficiently spaced from the bottom plate 301 to prevent the bottom plate 301 from being opened into the in-situ seawater 5.
S3: the bottom plate 301 is opened, the layer 401 to be detected in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 falls into the in-situ seawater 5 in the separating cylinder 1 and diffuses in the in-situ seawater 5, the magnetotactic bacteria in the layer 401 to be detected are separated from each other under the action of the two magnetic poles 2 according to the magnetotactic property of the bacteria and are respectively gathered near the corresponding magnetic poles 2 in the separating cylinder 1, and sediment is sunk into the bottom of the separating cylinder 1. And respectively collecting the in-situ seawater 5 near the two magnetic poles 2 to finish the collection of the bottom layer of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4. Wherein, the collection of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ seawater 5 near the two magnetic poles 2 is realized by using an injector.
In the above process, since the layer 401 to be detected is in a diffusion motion from the water surface to the bottom, it is not necessary to mix magnetotactic bacteria in the sediment into the seawater by initial shaking, and the operation is convenient and stable.
S4: the bottom plate 301 is closed, the partition plate 302 is pulled out, and the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 at the top of the partition plate 302 falls onto the bottom plate 301 to be detected in the next round.
S5: and (2) circulating S2 to S4 until the magnetotactic bacteria in all the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria samples 4 in the sample box 3 are separated and collected.
And S2 to S4 are repeated circularly, so that the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 in the sample box 3 can be layered from bottom to top, and the magnetotactic bacteria inside the sample box can be separated and collected layer by layer. As the number and the kind of the magnetotactic bacteria are different along with the change of the depth position of the sediment in the extracted in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4, the magnetotactic bacteria information of different depths can be obtained only by collecting the magnetotactic bacteria at different depth positions in the sediment in a layered manner. The arrangement of the sample cartridge 3 fulfills the need for layered collection. Since the distance between the bottom plate 301 and the partition plate 302 is a constant value, the sample amount in the in-situ seawater 5 can be ensured to be a constant value each time, and the control of variables is facilitated.
Further, based on the drawings of fig. 1 to 3, two sets of screens 101 are vertically arranged in the separation cylinder 1, the separation cylinder 1 is divided by the two sets of screens 101 into a feed chute 102 and first and second isolation grooves 103 and 104 respectively located on both sides of the feed chute 102, and the first and second isolation grooves 103 and 104 are respectively arranged toward the two magnetic poles 2. Screen 101 serves to isolate silt.
In the above step S2, the bottom of the sample cartridge 3 is opposed to the top opening of the feed tank 102.
In the step S3, the layer 401 to be detected in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 falls into the in-situ seawater 5 in the feed tank 102 and diffuses in the in-situ seawater 5, the magnetotactic bacteria in the layer 401 to be detected are separated from each other according to their own magnetotactic under the action of the two magnetic poles 2 and are respectively gathered in the first isolation tank 103 and the second isolation tank 104, and the silt is sunk into the bottom of the separation cylinder 1 and blocked and limited in the feed tank 102 by the screen 101; an operator collects the in-situ seawater 5 in the first isolation groove 103 and the second isolation groove 104 respectively, and the collection of the bottom layer of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample 4 is completed.
Since impurities such as silt can reduce the diffusion amount in the first isolation groove 103 and the second isolation groove 104 under the blocking action of the screen 101, the purity of sampling can be ensured. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the screen 101 can provide reference for operators, so that the position for extracting magnetotactic bacteria is not located in the feed chute 102 with low magnetotactic bacteria concentration, and the effectiveness of extraction is guaranteed.
Preferably, based on the figures 1 to 3, two isolation plates 109 are further included, two groups of slots 110 are arranged on the opposite side walls of the separation cylinder 1, the two groups of slots 110 are respectively arranged on the two groups of screens 101 in parallel, and the two isolation plates 109 are respectively inserted into the slots 110. After the magnetotactic bacteria moves to the magnetic pole 2, two isolation plates 109 are respectively inserted into the slots 110 to separate the first isolation slot 103 and the second isolation slot 104 from the feed slot 102. At this time, the operator extracts magnetotactic bacteria in the first isolation tank 103 and the second isolation tank 104. This arrangement prevents the operator from moving the magnetotactic bacteria back into the feed tank 102 during extraction due to disturbance.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a stirring device is provided in the feed tank 102. The stirring device comprises a first bevel gear 105 and a second bevel gear 106, wherein the first bevel gear 105 is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom wall of the feed chute 102, the second bevel gear 106 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the feed chute 102 and meshed with the first bevel gear 105, the second bevel gear 106 is provided with a rocking handle 107 extending out of the outer side wall of the separation cylinder 1, and the top wall of the first bevel gear 105 is optionally provided with a blade 108.
In the step S3, the layer 401 to be detected is stirred by selectively rotating the rocking handle 107 during the diffusion of the in-situ seawater 5.
If the sample of the layer 401 to be detected is settled too fast, the in-situ seawater 5 can be stirred by the stirring device, so that sediment is suspended again, the suspension time of magnetotactic bacteria is freely prolonged, more time is allowed to move along the magnetic induction line in the seawater, and the collection efficiency is improved. Specifically, an operator rotates the rocking handle 107 to drive the first bevel gear 105 and the second bevel gear 106 to rotate in the in-situ seawater 5, so as to stir the in-situ seawater 5. The intensity of agitation may be achieved by controlling the speed at which the handles 107 are rotated. The addition of blades 108 may enhance the effectiveness of the agitation.
Preferably, to prevent contamination of the in situ magnetotactic bacterial sample 4 at the top of the cartridge 3, a sealing plate 305 may be provided at the top of the cartridge 3, based on the illustration of fig. 1. The sealing plate 305 may be directly covered on the top of the cartridge 3, or the cartridge 3 may be inserted from the side as in the case of the partition plate 302.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting, but is intended to cover any and all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The device for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in a layered manner comprises a separation cylinder (1), wherein magnetic poles (2) are arranged on two sides of the separation cylinder (1), and the magnetic poles (2) on two sides of the separation cylinder (1) are opposite in magnetism;
the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a sample box (3), wherein the bottom of the sample box (3) is provided with an openable bottom plate (301), and a separation plate (302) is movably inserted into the side wall of the sample box (3); the separation plates (302) are arranged at the top of the bottom plate (301) at intervals so as to separate the space inside the sample box (3); the top of the separation cylinder (1) is open, and the top of the separation cylinder (1) is used for being opposite to the bottom of the sample box (3).
2. The apparatus for stratified collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean of claim 1, wherein: the vertical two groups of screen cloth (101) that are provided with in separating jar (1), separating jar (1) are separated by two sets of screen cloth (101) feed chute (102), first isolation groove (103) and second isolation groove (104), first isolation groove (103) with second isolation groove (104) are located respectively feed chute (102) both sides, first isolation groove (103) with second isolation groove (104) are towards two respectively magnetic pole (2) set up, feed chute (102) top be used for with sample box (3) bottom is relative.
3. The apparatus for stratified collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean of claim 2, wherein: and a stirring device is arranged in the feeding groove (102).
4. A device for the layered collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean according to claim 3, wherein: the stirring device comprises a first bevel gear (105) and a second bevel gear (106), wherein the first bevel gear (105) is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom wall of the feed chute (102), the second bevel gear (106) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the feed chute (102) and meshed with the first bevel gear (105), the second bevel gear (106) is provided with a rocking handle (107) extending out of the outer side wall of the separation cylinder (1), and the top wall of the first bevel gear (105) is optionally provided with blades (108).
5. The apparatus for stratified collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean of claim 2, wherein: the separating cylinder is characterized by further comprising two separating plates (109), wherein two groups of slots (110) are formed in the opposite side walls of the separating cylinder (1), the two groups of slots (110) are respectively arranged in the two groups of the screen meshes (101) in parallel, and the two separating plates (109) are respectively inserted into the two groups of slots (110).
6. The apparatus for stratified collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the sample box (3) is provided with a bottom plate slot (303) and a partition plate slot (304), the bottom plate (301) is inserted in the bottom plate slot (303) and is partially exposed outside the sample box (3), and the partition plate (302) is inserted in the partition plate slot (304) and is partially exposed outside the sample box (3).
7. A method for collecting different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean in a layered manner, comprising the steps of:
s1: the device comprises a sample box (3) and a separation cylinder (1), wherein magnetic poles (2) are arranged on two sides of the separation cylinder (1), the magnetic poles (2) on two sides of the separation cylinder (1) are opposite in magnetism, and the top of the separation cylinder (1) is open; the bottom of the sample box (3) is provided with a bottom plate (301) which can be opened and closed, a separation plate (302) is movably inserted into the side wall of the sample box (3), and the separation plates (302) are arranged at the top of the bottom plate (301) at intervals; in a default state, the bottom plate (301) of the sample box (3) is in a closed state; filling an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4) in a sample box (3), and filling in-situ seawater (5) in a separation cylinder (1);
s2: the separation plate (302) is completely inserted into the sample box (3) to separate the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4) in the sample box (3), wherein the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4) between the separation plate (302) and the bottom plate (301) is a layer (401) to be detected, and the bottom of the sample box (3) is opposite to the top opening of the separation cylinder (1);
s3: opening a bottom plate (301), enabling a layer (401) to be detected in an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4) to fall into in-situ seawater (5) in a separation cylinder (1) and diffuse in the in-situ seawater (5), separating magnetotactic bacteria in the layer (401) from each other under the action of two magnetic poles (2) according to self magnetotactic and respectively accumulating in the vicinity of corresponding magnetic poles (2) in the separation cylinder (1), and enabling sediment to sink into the bottom of the separation cylinder (1); respectively collecting in-situ seawater (5) near the two magnetic poles (2), and completing the collection of the bottom layer of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4);
s4: closing the bottom plate (301), extracting the separation plate (302), and allowing the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4) at the top of the separation plate (302) to fall onto the bottom plate (301);
s5: and (2) circulating the steps (S2) to (S4) until the magnetotactic bacteria in all in-situ magnetotactic bacteria samples (4) in the sample box (3) are separated and collected.
8. The method of stratified collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean of claim 7, wherein:
two groups of screens (101) are vertically arranged in the separating cylinder (1), the separating cylinder (1) is divided into a feeding groove (102) and a first isolation groove (103) and a second isolation groove (104) which are respectively positioned at two sides of the feeding groove (102) by the two groups of screens (101), and the first isolation groove (103) and the second isolation groove (104) are respectively arranged towards two magnetic poles (2);
in the step S2, the bottom of the sample box (3) is opposite to the top opening of the feed chute (102);
in the S3 step, a layer (401) to be detected in an in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4) falls into in-situ seawater (5) in a feed tank (102) and diffuses in the in-situ seawater (5), magnetotactic bacteria in the layer (401) to be detected are separated from each other under the action of two magnetic poles (2) according to own magnetotactic and are respectively gathered in a first isolation tank (103) and a second isolation tank (104), and sediment sinks into the bottom of a separation tank (1) and is blocked and limited in the feed tank (102) by a screen (101); and respectively collecting the in-situ seawater (5) in the first isolation groove (103) and the second isolation groove (104), so as to collect the bottom layer of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ magnetotactic bacteria sample (4).
9. The method of stratified collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean of claim 7, wherein: a stirring device is arranged in the feeding groove (102); the stirring device comprises a first bevel gear (105) and a second bevel gear (106), wherein the first bevel gear (105) is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom wall of the feed chute (102), the second bevel gear (106) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the feed chute (102) and is meshed with the first bevel gear (105), the second bevel gear (106) is provided with a rocking handle (107) extending out of the outer side wall of the separation cylinder (1), and the top wall of the first bevel gear (105) is optionally provided with a blade (108);
in the step S3, the layer to be detected (401) is stirred by selectively rotating the rocking handle (107) in the diffusion process of the in-situ seawater (5) so as to stir the settled layer to be detected (401).
10. A method of stratified collection of different magnetotactic bacteria in the ocean according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein: the collection of magnetotactic bacteria in the in-situ seawater (5) near the two magnetic poles (2) is realized by using a syringe.
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