CN117178691A

CN117178691A - Shallow yam cultivation method and device

Info

Publication number: CN117178691A
Application number: CN202310634816.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周庆幈; 谢国强; 沈少华; 曹奎; 余轩
Original assignee: Jiujiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jiujiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2023-05-31
Filing date: 2023-05-31
Publication date: 2023-12-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for shallow cultivation of Chinese yam, comprising a base, wherein an electric push rod is arranged on the inner side of the base, a rotating wheel is arranged at the joint of a first regulating block and the base, and a limiting frame is arranged at the lower end of a supporting table; the adjusting rod is arranged on the inner side of the supporting table, and a third adjusting block is arranged at the joint of the adjusting rod and the supporting table; the fixed plate is arranged at the upper end of the mounting table, a hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the right side of the fixed plate, and a protective shell is arranged on the right side of the mounting plate; and the sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the protective shell and the stabilizing block. According to the yam shallow cultivation method and device, the angle of drilling of the electric drill is controlled in an automatic adjustment mode, the situation that the actual drilling angle is larger than the required angle deviation is prevented, and meanwhile, when the electric drill is used for drilling, a protection structure is arranged on an engine part of the electric drill, so that the engine part is protected.

Description

Shallow yam cultivation method and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field related to yam cultivation, in particular to a yam shallow-growing cultivation method and device.

Background

The root tuber of Dioscorea opposita is called Dioscorea opposita, and is collected in winter. The original place is near the Huaihe river, so the Chinese yam is named, the Chinese yam is easy to cultivate, the most common Chinese yam is suitable for growing in yellow sand soil, the Chinese yam has a history of hundreds of years, the Chinese yam is not remarkable in pattern, the soil brown crust is thinner and cylindrical in shape, white and hard in meat, and the Chinese yam is slightly sour and sticky in taste during chewing. However, the Chinese yam is not in appearance, according to ancient books, the Chinese yam is eaten for improving hearing and eyesight, allaying hunger and prolonging life, and is very beneficial to human health, and the Chinese yam is also used for regulating physiological ability, weak constitution after illness and postpartum recuperation of women, and the child is strong and healthy, so that the Chinese yam is considered as a food medicine for Chinese medicine to have various effects of strengthening spleen, tonifying lung, reinforcing kidney, replenishing essence and the like. In addition, the Chinese yam shallow growing cultivation device has certain therapeutic and supplementing effects on symptoms such as cough due to lung deficiency, diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, seminal emission due to kidney deficiency, leukorrhagia, frequent urination and the like, and in order to meet the requirement of shallow growing cultivation of Chinese yam on soil discharge of shallow growing grooves, electric drills are needed to drill land furrow surfaces, so that the shallow growing grooves are conveniently placed.

The prior art solutions currently on the market have the following drawbacks: often directly use the handheld mode to control the angle of electric drill drilling, easily lead to actual drilling angle to compare the angle deviation that needs great, simultaneously directly use the electric drill to drill, easily lead to the engine part of electric drill to expose outside, be inconvenient for protecting the engine part, therefore we propose a shallow cultivation method and device of chinese yam to solve the problem that above-mentioned in put forward

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shallow yam cultivation method and device, which are used for solving the problems that in the background technology, the angle of drilling by an electric drill is controlled by directly using a handheld mode, the actual drilling angle is easy to deviate more than the required angle, and the engine part of the electric drill is easy to be exposed and the engine part is inconvenient to be protected when the electric drill is directly used for drilling.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the shallow cultivation method and device for the Chinese yam comprise a base, wherein an electric push rod is arranged on the inner side of the base, a first adjusting block is arranged at the joint of the electric push rod and the base, a rotating wheel is arranged at the joint of the first adjusting block and the base, a supporting table is arranged above the base, a limiting frame is arranged at the lower end of the supporting table, a second adjusting block is arranged on the outer side of the limiting frame, and a connecting frame is arranged at the joint of the second adjusting block and the first adjusting block;

the adjusting rod is arranged on the inner side of the supporting table, a third adjusting block is arranged at the joint of the adjusting rod and the supporting table, an installation table is arranged above the supporting table, a rotating plate is arranged at the joint of the installation table and the third adjusting block, a supporting plate is arranged at the joint of the supporting table and the installation table, a connecting block is arranged on the inner side of the installation table, and a buffer assembly is arranged at the joint of the connecting block and the supporting table;

the fixed plate is arranged at the upper end of the mounting table, a hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the right side of the fixed plate, a mounting plate is arranged on the right side of the hydraulic telescopic rod, a protective shell is arranged on the right side of the mounting plate, an engine module is arranged on the inner side of the protective shell, a stabilizing block is arranged on the right side of the engine module, a rotating rod is arranged on the right side of the stabilizing block, and a drill bit is arranged on the right side of the rotating rod;

the sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the protective shell and the stabilizing block, the supporting frame is arranged at the joint of the protective shell and the mounting table, the positioning frame is arranged at the joint of the protective shell and the mounting plate, the rotating rods are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the protective shell, the movable plate is arranged at the joint of the rotating rods and the protective shell, the positioning block is arranged at the joint of the movable plate and the positioning frame, the mounting block is arranged on the left side and the right side of the protective shell, and the adjusting bolt is arranged on the inner side of the mounting block.

Preferably, the engagement frame forms a rotating structure at the inner side of the first adjusting block, and the first adjusting block forms a translation structure at the inner side of the base through the rotating wheel.

Preferably, the adjusting rod is connected with the third adjusting block in a threaded mode, and the third adjusting block forms a translation structure on the inner side of the supporting table.

Preferably, the buffer component consists of an oil tank, a compression bar, an oil cavity and a piston;

the oil tank is arranged at the upper end of the supporting table;

the compression bar is arranged at the joint of the oil tank and the buffer component;

the oil cavity is arranged at the joint of the compression bar and the oil tank;

and the piston is arranged at the joint of the compression bar and the oil cavity.

Preferably, the oil tank forms a rotating structure at the outer side of the connecting block, and the connecting block forms a sliding structure at the inner side of the mounting table.

Preferably, the protecting shell forms a sliding structure on the outer side of the mounting table through the supporting frame, the protecting shell is connected with the sealing gasket in a clamping manner, and the inner surface of the sealing gasket is in fit with the outer surface of the stabilizing block.

Preferably, the protecting shell is arranged symmetrically up and down with respect to the central line of the engine module, the protecting shell is fixedly connected with the mounting block, and the mounting block is connected with the adjusting bolt in a threaded mode.

Preferably, the locating rack constitutes the revolution mechanic in the outside of mounting panel, and locating rack and protecting crust adopt the mode of block to be connected.

Preferably, the positioning block is connected with the positioning frame in a clamping manner, the positioning block forms a lifting structure on the inner side of the protective shell through the movable plate, and the movable plate is connected with the rotating rod in a threaded manner.

Preferably, step one: the Chinese yam is suitable for growing in sandy soil and loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and rich soil, the soil is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, then deep ploughing and sun-drying white, the first furrow is made in the beginning of 2 months to 3 months, the furrow height is 35-45 cm, the width is 1.3-1.5 m, parallel inclined small furrows with the width of 8 cm and the length of 120 cm are excavated according to the plant spacing of 18-22 cm, the inclination is 15 degrees, the upper end is about 15 cm deep, and the lower end is about 30 cm deep.

Step two: after the Chinese yam shallow-growing cultivation device is used for punching and ditching, a hole is drilled from the higher side of the furrow surface (the position of the furrow surface which is 10-15 cm downwards) to the lower side (note that the inclination angle of a drill rod is kept consistent with that of the furrow surface in the drilling process), then a shallow-growing groove filled with materials is plugged into the hole, the rest space is filled with enough soft filler, the soft filler can be selected from powder sand or decomposed sawdust, mushroom residue, bagasse, dregs or chaff, and the like, and then about 250 kg of decomposed chicken manure or pigeon manure, about 100 kg of biological organic fertilizer, about 35 kg of calcium superphosphate and the soft filler are added per mu for uniformly stirring.

Step three: selecting root tuber with short, thick, no branches and no plant diseases and insect pests, using a section with buds at the upper end of the root tuber as a seed block, then accelerating germination, placing the seed block with buds and shallow grooves in parallel, keeping the buds upwards, leaving only 1-2 robust buds for each plant, thoroughly removing redundant buds, covering the soil with the thickness of about 8 cm, and taking care not to break the buds.

Step four: when the seedling height is close to 30 cm, the seedling must be put up, and a character frame or a quadrangle frame is often put up, the height of the frame is 1.6-1.8 cm, and the depth of the frame material in soil is 25 cm. When the seed blocks sprout, the excess stem tendrils are removed, only 1 thick main stem is left, and if the side branches are too many, the seed blocks are properly removed. Applying about 60 cubic meters of decomposed organic fertilizer, 375 kg of diammonium phosphate, 275 kg of urea and about 140 kg of potassium sulfate per hectare before soil preparation; the fertilizer is applied for 1 time in the vigorous growth period of the stem leaves and the tubers, and about 390 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied per hectare. Watering thoroughly about 1 meter of seedling, watering again in the growing period of branches and leaves, watering shallowly, and watering without flooding; watering more when entering the rapid expansion period of tubers, and watering more when the soil is drought.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the yam shallow cultivation method and device, the drilling angle of the electric drill is controlled in an automatic adjustment mode, the situation that the actual drilling angle is larger than the required angle deviation is prevented, and meanwhile, when the electric drill is used for drilling, a protection structure is arranged on an engine part of the electric drill, so that the engine part is protected;

1. the adjusting rod is connected with the third adjusting block in a threaded mode, the third adjusting block forms a translation structure on the inner side of the supporting table, the third adjusting block can be driven to translate when the motor is turned on to rotate the adjusting rod, the third adjusting block is utilized to drive the rotating plate to rotate, the whole electric drill angle is further adjusted, the locating frame is connected with the protecting shell in a clamping mode, the locating block is connected with the locating frame in a clamping mode, positioning between the mounting plate and the protecting shell is facilitated, the supporting frame is matched with the protecting shell to form a sliding structure on the outer side of the mounting table, the engine module is turned on to rotate the drill bit by the aid of the rotating rod, the hydraulic telescopic rod is used for pushing the electric drill to drill a furrow surface, and adjustability of the device is effectively improved;

2. the protection shell is connected with the sealing pad in a clamping manner, the inner surface of the sealing pad is attached to the outer surface of the stabilizing block, soil can be prevented from entering the protection shell by the sealing pad when drilling is performed, the protection shell is matched with the protection shell to be arranged symmetrically up and down relative to the central line of the engine module, the protection shell is fixedly connected with the mounting block, the mounting block is connected with the adjusting bolt in a threaded manner, the protection shell is positioned by the mounting block by the adjusting bolt, the protection shell is convenient to wrap the engine module inside, the protection effect of the device is effectively improved;

3. the rotating structure is formed on the inner side of the first adjusting block through the connecting frame, the first adjusting block forms the translation structure on the inner side of the base through the rotating wheel, the first adjusting block can be translated when the electric push rod is opened, the supporting table is driven to wholly lift by utilizing the opening of the connecting frame, and the supporting table is facilitated to drive the electric drill to wholly lift.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of the connection of the adapter block to the cushioning assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation of the connection of the protective housing of the present invention to an engine module;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3A according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a support base and a stop frame of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side sectional view of the connection of the protective shell and the gasket of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the cultivation method of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a first adjustment block; 3. a rotating wheel; 4. a limiting frame; 5. a second adjustment block; 6. a connecting frame; 7. an adjusting rod; 8. a mounting table; 9. a rotating plate; 10. a third adjustment block; 11. a support plate; 12. a joint block; 13. a buffer assembly; 131. an oil tank; 132. a compression bar; 133. an oil chamber; 14. a fixing plate; 15. a hydraulic telescopic rod; 16. a mounting plate; 17. a protective shell; 18. an engine module; 19. a stabilizing block; 20. a rotating rod; 21. a drill bit; 22. a sealing gasket; 23. a positioning frame; 24. a rotating lever; 25. a movable plate; 26. a positioning block; 27. a mounting block; 28. an adjusting bolt; 29. a support frame; 30. an electric push rod; 31. and a support table.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: the shallow planting method and device of Chinese yam comprises that an electric push rod 30 is arranged on the inner side of a base 1, a first adjusting block 2 is arranged at the joint of the electric push rod 30 and the base 1, a rotating wheel 3 is arranged at the joint of the first adjusting block 2 and the base 1, a supporting table 31 is arranged above the base 1, a limiting frame 4 is arranged at the lower end of the supporting table 31, a second adjusting block 5 is arranged on the outer side of the limiting frame 4, and a connecting frame 6 is arranged at the joint of the second adjusting block 5 and the first adjusting block 2;

the adjusting rod 7 is arranged on the inner side of the supporting table 31, a third adjusting block 10 is arranged at the joint of the adjusting rod 7 and the supporting table 31, a mounting table 8 is arranged above the supporting table 31, a rotating plate 9 is arranged at the joint of the mounting table 8 and the third adjusting block 10, a supporting plate 11 is arranged at the joint of the supporting table 31 and the mounting table 8, a connecting block 12 is arranged on the inner side of the mounting table 8, and a buffer component 13 is arranged at the joint of the connecting block 12 and the supporting table 31;

the fixed plate 14 is arranged at the upper end of the mounting table 8, a hydraulic telescopic rod 15 is arranged on the right side of the fixed plate 14, a mounting plate 16 is arranged on the right side of the hydraulic telescopic rod 15, a protective shell 17 is arranged on the right side of the mounting plate 16, an engine module 18 is arranged on the inner side of the protective shell 17, a stabilizing block 19 is arranged on the right side of the engine module 18, a rotating rod 20 is arranged on the right side of the stabilizing block 19, and a drill bit 21 is arranged on the right side of the rotating rod 20;

the sealing gasket 22 is arranged at the joint of the protective shell 17 and the stabilizing block 19, the supporting frame 29 is arranged at the joint of the protective shell 17 and the mounting table 8, the positioning frame 23 is arranged at the joint of the protective shell 17 and the mounting plate 16, the rotating rods 24 are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the protective shell 17, the movable plate 25 is arranged at the joint of the rotating rods 24 and the protective shell 17, the positioning block 26 is arranged at the joint of the movable plate 25 and the positioning frame 23, the mounting blocks 27 are arranged at the left side and the right side of the protective shell 17, and the adjusting bolts 28 are arranged at the inner sides of the mounting blocks 27.

When the method and the device for shallow planting of the Chinese yam are used, all parts are assembled, sandy soil and loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and rich soil are selected as shown in figure 7, the soil is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, deep ploughing and sun-drying are then carried out, furrows are made in the beginning of 2 months to 3 months, the height of the furrows is 35-45 cm, the width of the furrows is 1.3-1.5 m, parallel inclined furrows with the width of about 8 cm and the length of 120 cm are excavated according to plant spacing of 18-22 cm, the inclination is 15 degrees, the upper end is about 15 cm deep, and the lower end is about 30 cm deep.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 5 and 7, when the electric drill is placed in the groove, firstly, the device is placed on one side of a furrow surface through the base 1, then the whole height of the electric drill is adjusted, because the connecting frame 6 forms a rotating structure on the inner side of the first adjusting block 2, and the first adjusting block 2 forms a translation structure on the inner side of the base 1 through the rotating wheel 3, at the moment, the electric push rod 30 is started to move the first adjusting block 2, and then the connecting frame 6 is made to perform opening and closing movement, so that the second adjusting block 5 pushes the limiting frame 4 to move the supporting table 31 up and down, the electric push rod 30 is closed after the limiting frame reaches a proper position, then the angle of the electric drill is adjusted, because the adjusting rod 7 is connected with the third adjusting block 10 in a threaded mode, and the third adjusting block 10 forms a translation structure on the inner side of the supporting table 31, at the moment, the motor is started to rotate the adjusting rod 7, and then the third adjusting block 10 is made to move, the rotary plate 9 is deflected, the mounting table 8 and the electric drill are integrally inclined, meanwhile, as the positioning frame 23 is connected with the protective shell 17 in a clamping manner, the protective shell 17 forms a sliding structure on the outer side of the mounting table 8 through the supporting frame 29, the engine module 18 is started to rotate the rotary rod 20, the protective shell 17 is moved outwards through the hydraulic telescopic rod 15 arranged on the fixed plate 14, the drill bit 21 is used for punching and ditching the surface of a furrow, after the Chinese yam shallow-growing cultivation device is used for punching and ditching, a hole is drilled from the higher side (the position 10-15 cm below) of the surface of the furrow to the lower side (the drill rod is kept consistent with the inclination angle of the surface of the furrow in the drilling process), then the shallow-growing groove filled with materials is filled in the hole, the rest space is filled with enough soft filler, and the soft filler can be selected from powder sand or decomposed wood chaff, mushroom residue, bagasse, dregs or chaff, etc., and then about 250 kg of decomposed chicken manure or pigeon manure, about 100 kg of bio-organic fertilizer, about 35 kg of calcium superphosphate and soft filler are added per mu and uniformly mixed.

As shown in fig. 3, 6 and 7, after the drill bit 21 drills into the furrow surface, the protecting shell 17 and the sealing pad 22 are connected in a clamping manner, and the inner surface of the sealing pad 22 and the outer surface of the stabilizing block 19 are in fit arrangement, at the moment, the sealing pad 22 is respectively in fit with the protecting shell 17 and the stabilizing block 19, so that soil cannot enter the protecting shell 17 when the rotating rod 20 drills into the furrow surface, after the furrow is placed, a root tuber with short neck, thick, no branches and no plant diseases and insect pests is selected, a section with buds at the upper end of the root tuber is used as a seed block, then germination is carried out, the seed block with buds is placed in parallel with the shallow furrow, the buds face upwards, only 1-2 robust buds are reserved for each plant, redundant buds are thoroughly removed, the thickness of about 8 cm of soil is covered, the buds are not required to be broken, a shelf is required when the height of the seedling approaches 30 cm, a word shelf or a quadrangle shelf is required, the shelf is 1.6-1.8 cm high, and the shelf material is placed into the soil 25 cm. When the seed blocks sprout, the excess stem tendrils are removed, only 1 thick main stem is left, and if the side branches are too many, the seed blocks are properly removed. Applying about 60 cubic meters of decomposed organic fertilizer, 375 kg of diammonium phosphate, 275 kg of urea and about 140 kg of potassium sulfate per hectare before soil preparation; the fertilizer is applied for 1 time in the vigorous growth period of the stem leaves and the tubers, and about 390 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied per hectare. Watering thoroughly about 1 meter of seedling, watering again in the growing period of branches and leaves, watering shallowly, and watering without flooding; watering more when entering the rapid expansion period of tubers, and watering more when the soil is drought.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, when the engine module 18 is angularly adjusted, because the oil tank 131 forms a rotating structure on the outer side of the connecting block 12, and the connecting block 12 forms a sliding structure on the inner side of the mounting table 8, so that the mounting table 8 slides and deflects during deflection, and then the pressing rod 132 presses down, at this time, the pressing rod 132 presses the hydraulic oil in the oil cavity 133, the hydraulic oil rapidly reduces the lowering speed of the pressing rod 132 through the hole of the piston 134, the buffer assembly 13 plays a role of preventing the mounting table 8 from excessively high deflection speed, the support pressure of the support plate 11 is prevented from being increased, when the engine module 18 is required to be overhauled, because the positioning block 26 and the positioning frame 23 are connected in a clamping manner, and the positioning block 26 forms a lifting structure on the inner side of the protecting shell 17 through the movable plate 25, and the movable plate 25 is connected with the rotating rod 24 in a threaded manner, the rotating rod 24 rotates first, and then the movable plate 25 moves inwards, the positioning frame 23 is not fixed, meanwhile, because the positioning frame 23 forms a rotating structure on the outer side of the mounting plate 16, and the positioning frame 23 and the protecting shell 17 are connected with the mounting plate 17 in a clamping manner, and the two sides of the protecting frame 17 are not connected with the mounting plate 17, and the protecting bolt 27 is not screwed to the mounting plate is further fixed, and the protecting shell is mounted on the protecting shell 17, and the protecting bolt is not mounted on the mounting plate, and the protecting shell is further fixed, and the protecting shell is opened, and the protecting shell is mounted and the protecting shell is mounted.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shallow chinese yam cultivation device, comprising:

the novel electric rotating device comprises a base (1), wherein an electric push rod (30) is arranged on the inner side of the base (1), a first adjusting block (2) is arranged at the joint of the electric push rod (30) and the base (1), a rotating wheel (3) is arranged at the joint of the first adjusting block (2) and the base (1), a supporting table (31) is arranged above the base (1), a limiting frame (4) is arranged at the lower end of the supporting table (31), a second adjusting block (5) is arranged on the outer side of the limiting frame (4), and a connecting frame (6) is arranged at the joint of the second adjusting block (5) and the first adjusting block (2);

the adjusting rod (7) is arranged on the inner side of the supporting table (31), a third adjusting block (10) is arranged at the joint of the adjusting rod (7) and the supporting table (31), an installation table (8) is arranged above the supporting table (31), a rotating plate (9) is arranged at the joint of the installation table (8) and the third adjusting block (10), a supporting plate (11) is arranged at the joint of the supporting table (31) and the installation table (8), a connecting block (12) is arranged on the inner side of the installation table (8), and a buffer assembly (13) is arranged at the joint of the connecting block (12) and the supporting table (31);

the fixed plate (14) is arranged at the upper end of the mounting table (8), a hydraulic telescopic rod (15) is arranged on the right side of the fixed plate (14), a mounting plate (16) is arranged on the right side of the hydraulic telescopic rod (15), a protective shell (17) is arranged on the right side of the mounting plate (16), an engine module (18) is arranged on the inner side of the protective shell (17), a stabilizing block (19) is arranged on the right side of the engine module (18), a rotating rod (20) is arranged on the right side of the stabilizing block (19), and a drill bit (21) is arranged on the right side of the rotating rod (20);

sealing gasket (22), it sets up the junction at protecting crust (17) and steady piece (19), support frame (29) are installed to the junction of protecting crust (17) and mount pad (8), and the junction of protecting crust (17) and mounting panel (16) is provided with locating rack (23), dwang (24) are all installed to the upper and lower both sides of protecting crust (17), and the junction of dwang (24) and protecting crust (17) is provided with fly leaf (25), locating piece (26) are installed to the junction of fly leaf (25) and locating rack (23), the left and right sides of protecting crust (17) all is provided with installation piece (27), and the inboard of installation piece (27) is installed and is adjusted bolt (28).

2. The yam shallow-growing cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting frame (6) forms a rotating structure at the inner side of the first adjusting block (2), and the first adjusting block (2) forms a translation structure at the inner side of the base (1) through the rotating wheel (3).

3. The yam shallow-growing cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjusting rod (7) is connected with the third adjusting block (10) in a threaded mode, and the third adjusting block (10) forms a translation structure on the inner side of the supporting table (31).

4. The yam shallow-growing cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the buffer assembly (13) is composed of an oil tank (131), a compression bar (132), an oil cavity (133) and a piston (134);

an oil tank (131) mounted on the upper end of the support table (31);

the compression bar (132) is arranged at the joint of the oil tank (131) and the buffer assembly (13);

an oil chamber (133) installed at the junction of the compression bar (132) and the oil tank (131);

and a piston (134) which is arranged at the joint of the compression bar (132) and the oil cavity (133).

5. The yam shallow-growing cultivation device according to claim 4, wherein: the oil tank (131) forms a rotating structure at the outer side of the connecting block (12), and the connecting block (12) forms a sliding structure at the inner side of the mounting table (8).

6. The yam shallow-growing cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the protection shell (17) forms a sliding structure at the outer side of the mounting table (8) through the supporting frame (29), the protection shell (17) is connected with the sealing gasket (22) in a clamping mode, and the inner surface of the sealing gasket (22) is in fit with the outer surface of the stabilizing block (19).

7. The yam shallow-growing cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the protecting shell (17) is arranged symmetrically up and down relative to the central line of the engine module (18), the protecting shell (17) is fixedly connected with the mounting block (27), and the mounting block (27) is connected with the adjusting bolt (28) in a threaded mode.

8. The method and device for shallow yam cultivation according to claim 1, wherein: the locating frame (23) forms a rotating structure at the outer side of the mounting plate (16), and the locating frame (23) is connected with the protective shell (17) in a clamping manner.

9. The yam shallow-growing cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the positioning block (26) is connected with the positioning frame (23) in a clamping manner, the positioning block (26) forms a lifting structure on the inner side of the protective shell (17) through the movable plate (25), and the movable plate (25) is connected with the rotating rod (24) in a threaded manner.

10. The method for shallow-growing Chinese yam according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

step one: the Chinese yam is suitable for growing in sandy soil and loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and rich soil, the soil is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, then deep ploughing and sun-drying white, the first furrow is made in the beginning of 2 months to 3 months, the furrow height is 35-45 cm, the width is 1.3-1.5 m, parallel inclined small furrows with the width of 8 cm and the length of 120 cm are excavated according to the plant spacing of 18-22 cm, the inclination is 15 degrees, the upper end is about 15 cm deep, and the lower end is about 30 cm deep.