CN117165820A - Liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting and method - Google Patents
Liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- -1 aluminum-zirconium-boron Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting and a method thereof, wherein the liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting comprises the following components: 3.0 to 13.0 percent of Si, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of Cu, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Sr, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Zr, 0.04 to 0.15 percent of B, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of Sb, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of V, and the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent. A method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, the preparation method comprising the following steps: drying; smelting an alloy; modification treatment; refining and modifying treatment; refining and protecting; extrusion casting molding; solution treatment; aging treatment is carried out, and the cast aluminum alloy is obtained. The cast aluminum alloy prepared by the method has high yield strength, high elongation after breaking and good impact toughness, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 375MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 335MPa, the elongation after breaking is more than or equal to 12%, and the cast aluminum alloy has higher strength and plasticity and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a liquid cast aluminum alloy and a method, in particular to a liquid cast aluminum alloy and a method for high-vacuum die casting.
Background
The cast aluminum alloy can be directly obtained by a metal casting forming process, and has the advantages of small density, high strength, simple production process, low cost and the like. The requirements on mechanical properties of the automobile structural parts are met, and the high-performance as-cast aluminum alloy material is particularly urgent. The as-cast performance of the vacuum die casting is improved by adding alloy elements. There is an increasing demand for properties of cast aluminum alloys for automobiles.
At present, the steel chain links are subjected to material substitution and structure optimization design by adopting cast aluminum alloy, so that the light weight requirement is basically realized, but the conventional cast aluminum alloy is difficult to adapt to the plastic deformation change of the chain link components under the continuously lifted dynamic load and impact load due to the lower yield strength and the elongation after fracture. Therefore, there is a need to develop a cast aluminum alloy material that has high yield strength, high elongation after break, high impact toughness value, and is capable of high-efficiency continuous production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the technology, the invention provides a liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting and a method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, comprising the following components:
3.0 to 13.0 percent of Si, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of Cu, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Sr0.01 to 0.05 percent of Zr, 0.04 to 0.15 percent of B, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of Sb, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of V, and the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
Preferably, it consists of the following components:
4.0 to 11.0 percent of Si, 2.0 to 4.0 percent of Cu, 2.0 to 3.0 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mn, 0.02 to 0.06 percent of Sr0.02 to 0.04 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.08 percent of B, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of Sb, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of V, and the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
Preferably, it consists of the following components:
10.0% of Si, 3.0% of Cu, 3.0% of Mg, 0.5% of Mn, 0.04% of Sr, 0.03% of Zr, 0.06% of B, 0.04% of Sb, 0.03% of V, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10%.
A method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
step 1, weighing high-purity aluminum ingots, pure magnesium, pure silicon, al-50Cu intermediate alloy, al-Sr intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy according to a set chemical composition in a metering ratio, and respectively carrying out preheating and drying treatment;
step 2, adding the dried high-purity aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, pure silicon and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for alloy smelting, and carrying out heat preservation after stirring uniformly;
step 3, carrying out modification treatment on the melt, adding Sr element into the melt, wherein the Sr element is added in the form of Al-10% Sr or Al-20% Sr alloy, and the adding temperature is 700-710 ℃;
step 4, adding an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy into the melt for refining and modifying;
wherein, the composition of each intermediate alloy is as follows:
the aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy consists of the following components: zr 4.6-5.0%, B0.6-1.0%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy consists of the following components: 22.5 to 24.5 percent of Sb, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15 percent;
the aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy consists of the following components: 8.5 to 11.5 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
The purpose of adding the aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy is to refine alpha-A grains, improve casting fluidity and tissue uniformity, and improve strength and plasticity; the purpose of adding the aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy is to refine the needle-shaped eutectic Si phase with coarse modification, eliminate the harm of the needle-shaped eutectic Si phase to plasticity and toughness, and improve the strength of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy; the purpose of adding the aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy is to refine the acicular iron-rich phase with coarse modification and improve the strength, plasticity, corrosion resistance and heat resistance of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy.
Step 5, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to refine and protect the melt;
step 6, extruding, casting and forming the alloy melt;
extrusion casting is a casting forming process method in which alloy melt is solidified and formed under the direct action of extrusion force. Extrusion casting is a commonly used aluminum alloy casting process at present, and specific process conditions are conventional technical means, and are not repeated here.
Step 7, carrying out solution treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy after liquid die casting;
the solution treatment is a heat treatment process for heating the extrusion casting aluminum alloy to a certain high temperature region for constant temperature and heat preservation, so that metal elements such as magnesium, copper, manganese and the like and surplus phases in the extrusion casting aluminum alloy are fully dissolved into an aluminum matrix, and then the aluminum matrix is rapidly cooled by means of quenching water and the like, so that a supersaturated solid solution is obtained.
And 8, aging the extrusion casting aluminum alloy subjected to solution treatment to obtain the casting aluminum alloy.
Preferably, in step 1, the preheating and drying temperature is 150-180 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2, the smelting temperature is 740-760 ℃, the stirring time is 10-25min, and the heat preservation temperature is 780 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 5, the refining temperature is 710-780 ℃ and the refining time is 40-70 min; the purity of the high-purity argon or the high-purity nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
Preferably, in step 6, the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be within a range of 670 ℃ to 760 ℃ and the alloy melt is cast within 10 seconds.
Preferably, in the step 7, the solution treatment temperature is 460-590 ℃ and the treatment time is 3-7 h.
Preferably, in step 8, the water is quenched: rapidly cooling in water at 50-80 ℃ for 15-25S; the aging treatment temperature is 130-170 ℃ and the treatment time is 12-36 h.
The water quenching is a process of transferring the heated and insulated extruded cast aluminum alloy into water for cooling. In order to ensure the water quenching effect, the transfer time of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy is not more than 10 seconds.
The aging treatment is a heat treatment process for heating the extrusion casting aluminum alloy to a certain temperature region at constant temperature, and is an important means for improving the mechanical property and the physicochemical property of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy.
The effect of the elements of the extrusion cast aluminum alloy of the present invention is further described below:
si is the main alloy element of extrusion casting aluminum alloy, and Si and Al can form Al+Si eutectic liquid phase at first, so that the casting fluidity of the alloy is improved. Si can also form Mg with Mg 2 Si reinforcing phase to strengthen the strength of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy. In addition, when the eutectic Si phase is in fine and uniform granular or short fiber dispersion distribution on the alpha-Al matrix, the strength, heat resistance and machining performance of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy can be improved.
Mg has solid solution strengthening effect in extrusion casting aluminum alloy and can form Mg with Si 2 The Si strengthening phase further enhances the strength of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy. The higher the Mg content, the higher the strength of the aluminum alloy, but too high Mg content causes a decrease in plasticity.
Cu can form CuAl with Al in extrusion casting aluminum alloy 2 And the strengthening phase is used for strengthening the strength of the aluminum alloy. The Cu content is too low, and the strength of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy is difficult to reach 400MPa. The higher the Cu content, the higher the strength of the extrusion-cast aluminum alloy, but also increases the hot tearing tendency of the extrusion-cast aluminum alloy and decreases the corrosion resistance of the extrusion-cast aluminum alloy.
Mn of the genusIn the transition group element, mn can be directly dissolved into an aluminum matrix, so that the binding force among aluminum atoms is increased, the diffusion process of the aluminum atoms and the decomposition speed of the solid solution are slowed down, and the thermal stability of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy is improved. Mn can also form MnAl with Al 6 The dispersion strengthening phase is distributed on the aluminum matrix and the grain boundary to block migration and dislocation movement of the grain boundary and the subgrain boundary, increase the resistance of dislocation movement in the aluminum matrix, block the rheology of the grain boundary at high temperature and improve the high-temperature stability of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy. If the Mn content is too low, the effect is not obvious, and if the Mn content is too high, coarse intermetallic compounds are easily formed, so that the mechanical properties of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy are deteriorated.
The Sb is used for refining and modifying eutectic Si phase. In addition to the formation of Mg2Si strengthening phases, most of Si is present in the form of eutectic Si in extrusion cast aluminum alloys, which when in the form of generally coarse needles can severely fracture the aluminum matrix, reducing the strength, particularly the plasticity and toughness, of the extrusion cast aluminum alloy. The addition of Sb as the intermediate alloy has obvious refining and modifying effect on eutectic Si phase, so that coarse needle-shaped eutectic Si is converted into fine and uniform grains or short fibers and dispersed on an aluminum matrix, the harm to plasticity and toughness of the eutectic Si can be eliminated, and the strength of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy is improved. The Sb content is too low to play a role in sufficient refining and deterioration.
Zr and B are added into the extrusion casting aluminum alloy liquid in the form of aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, and the main function is to refine grains, improve casting fluidity and tissue uniformity and improve strength and plasticity. The aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy grain refiner has an immunity effect on the poisoning of Mn and Co, can obviously refine the grain structure of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy, improves the casting fluidity and the structure uniformity, and improves the strength and the plasticity.
V can form thermodynamically stable Al with Al 12 The (FeSiV) phase is distributed on the grain boundary to prevent crystal sliding and block the rheology of the grain boundary at high temperature, thereby improving the heat resistance of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy.
According to the invention, through scientific optimization design, a small amount of aluminum zirconium boron, aluminum antimony and aluminum vanadium intermediate alloy are added for refining and modification treatment, so that elements are mutually matched to generate solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and dispersion strengthening, the harm of the thick needle-shaped eutectic silicon to the strength, plasticity and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy is eliminated, and the strength, plasticity, corrosion resistance and heat resistance of the cast aluminum alloy are obviously improved. The cast aluminum alloy prepared by the method has high yield strength, high elongation after breaking and good impact toughness, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 375MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 335MPa, the elongation after breaking is more than or equal to 12%, and the cast aluminum alloy has higher strength and plasticity and wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, comprising the following components:
3.0% of Si, 1.0% of Cu, 1.0% of Mg, 0.3% of Mn, 0.01% of Sr, 0.01% of Zr, 0.04% of B, 0.01% of Sb, 0.01% of V, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10%.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy in the embodiment is as follows:
step 1, weighing high-purity aluminum ingots, pure magnesium, pure silicon, al-50Cu intermediate alloy, al-Sr intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy according to a set chemical composition in a metering ratio, and respectively carrying out preheating and drying treatment; the pre-heating drying temperature was 150 ℃.
Step 2, adding the dried high-purity aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, pure silicon and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for alloy smelting, and carrying out heat preservation after stirring uniformly; the smelting temperature is 740 ℃, the stirring time is 10min, and the heat preservation temperature is 780 ℃.
Step 3, carrying out modification treatment on the melt, adding Sr element into the melt, wherein the Sr element is added in an Al-10% Sr alloy, and the adding temperature is 700 ℃;
step 4, adding an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy into the melt for refining and modifying;
the aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy consists of the following components: zr 4.6%, B0.6%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance being Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy consists of the following components: 22.5% of Sb, less than or equal to 0.2% of Fe, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy consists of the following components: v8.5%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%.
Step 5, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to refine and protect the melt; the refining temperature is 710 ℃ and the refining time is 40min; the purity of the high-purity argon or the high-purity nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
Step 6, extruding, casting and forming the alloy melt; the temperature of the alloy melt was controlled at 670 c and the alloy melt was cast within 10 seconds.
Step 7, carrying out solution treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy after liquid die casting; the solution treatment temperature is 460 ℃, and the treatment time is 3 hours.
And 8, aging the extrusion casting aluminum alloy subjected to solution treatment to obtain the casting aluminum alloy. Quenching: rapidly cooling in water with the temperature of 50 ℃ for 15S; the aging treatment temperature is 130 ℃, and the treatment time is 12 hours.
Example 2
A liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, comprising the following components:
13.0% of Si, 5.0% of Cu, 5.0% of Mg, 0.9% of Mn, 0.1% of Sr, 0.05% of Zr, 0.15% of B, 0.08% of Sb, 0.05% of V, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10%.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy in the embodiment is as follows:
step 1, weighing high-purity aluminum ingots, pure magnesium, pure silicon, al-50Cu intermediate alloy, al-Sr intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy according to a set chemical composition in a metering ratio, and respectively carrying out preheating and drying treatment; the pre-heating drying temperature was 180 ℃.
Step 2, adding the dried high-purity aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, pure silicon and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for alloy smelting, and carrying out heat preservation after stirring uniformly; the smelting temperature is 760 ℃, the stirring time is 25min, and the heat preservation temperature is 780 ℃.
Step 3, carrying out modification treatment on the melt, adding Sr element into the melt, wherein the Sr element is added in an Al-20% Sr alloy, and the addition temperature is 710 ℃;
step 4, adding an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy into the melt for refining and modifying;
the aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy consists of the following components: zr 5.0%, B1.0%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance being Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy consists of the following components: 24.5% of Sb, less than or equal to 0.2% of Fe, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy consists of the following components: v11.5%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%.
Step 5, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to refine and protect the melt; refining temperature is 780 ℃ and refining time is 70min; the purity of the high-purity argon or the high-purity nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
Step 6, extruding, casting and forming the alloy melt; the temperature of the alloy melt was controlled at 760 ℃ and the alloy melt was cast within 10 seconds.
Step 7, carrying out solution treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy after liquid die casting; the solution treatment temperature is 590 ℃, and the treatment time is 7h.
And 8, aging the extrusion casting aluminum alloy subjected to solution treatment to obtain the casting aluminum alloy. Quenching: rapidly cooling in water with the temperature of 80 ℃ for 25S; the aging treatment temperature is 170 ℃ and the treatment time is 36h.
Example 3
A liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, comprising the following components:
6.0% of Si, 2.0% of Cu, 2.0% of Mg, 0.4% of Mn, 0.03% of Sr, 0.02% of Zr, 0.06% of B, 0.02% of Sb, 0.02% of V, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10%.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy in the embodiment is as follows:
step 1, weighing high-purity aluminum ingots, pure magnesium, pure silicon, al-50Cu intermediate alloy, al-Sr intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy according to a set chemical composition in a metering ratio, and respectively carrying out preheating and drying treatment; the pre-heat drying temperature was 156 ℃.
Step 2, adding the dried high-purity aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, pure silicon and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for alloy smelting, and carrying out heat preservation after stirring uniformly; the smelting temperature is 745 ℃, the stirring time is 14min, and the heat preservation temperature is 780 ℃.
Step 3, carrying out modification treatment on the melt, adding Sr element into the melt, wherein the Sr element is added in an Al-10% Sr alloy, and the adding temperature is 702 ℃;
step 4, adding an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy into the melt for refining and modifying;
the aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy consists of the following components: zr 4.7%, B0.7%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance being Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy consists of the following components: 23% of Sb, less than or equal to 0.2% of Fe, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy consists of the following components: v9%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%.
Step 5, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to refine and protect the melt; refining temperature is 725 ℃, and refining time is 46min; the purity of the high-purity argon or the high-purity nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
Step 6, extruding, casting and forming the alloy melt; the temperature of the alloy melt was controlled at 690 deg.c and the alloy melt was cast within 10 seconds.
Step 7, carrying out solution treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy after liquid die casting; the solution treatment temperature is 490 ℃ and the treatment time is 4 hours.
And 8, aging the extrusion casting aluminum alloy subjected to solution treatment to obtain the casting aluminum alloy. Quenching: rapidly cooling in water with the temperature of 56 ℃ for 17S; the aging treatment temperature is 140 ℃ and the treatment time is 18 hours.
Example 4
A liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, comprising the following components:
8.0% of Si, 3.0% of Cu, 3.0% of Mg, 0.6% of Mn, 0.05% of Sr, 0.03% of Zr, 0.09% of B, 0.04% of Sb, 0.03% of V, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10%.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy in the embodiment is as follows:
step 1, weighing high-purity aluminum ingots, pure magnesium, pure silicon, al-50Cu intermediate alloy, al-Sr intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy according to a set chemical composition in a metering ratio, and respectively carrying out preheating and drying treatment; the pre-heat drying temperature was 164 ℃.
Step 2, adding the dried high-purity aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, pure silicon and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for alloy smelting, and carrying out heat preservation after stirring uniformly; the smelting temperature is 750 ℃, the stirring time is 17min, and the heat preservation temperature is 780 ℃.
Step 3, carrying out modification treatment on the melt, adding Sr element into the melt, wherein the Sr element is added in an Al-20% Sr alloy, and the addition temperature is 705 ℃;
step 4, adding an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy into the melt for refining and modifying;
the aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy consists of the following components: zr 4.8%, B0.8%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance being Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy consists of the following components: 23.5% of Sb, less than or equal to 0.2% of Fe, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy consists of the following components: v9.5%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%.
Step 5, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to refine and protect the melt; refining temperature is 740 ℃, and refining time is 54min; the purity of the high-purity argon or the high-purity nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
Step 6, extruding, casting and forming the alloy melt; the temperature of the alloy melt was controlled at 710 c and the alloy melt was cast within 10 seconds.
Step 7, carrying out solution treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy after liquid die casting; the solution treatment temperature is 520 ℃ and the treatment time is 5 hours.
And 8, aging the extrusion casting aluminum alloy subjected to solution treatment to obtain the casting aluminum alloy. Quenching: rapidly cooling in water with the temperature of 62 ℃ for 20S; the aging treatment temperature is 150 ℃ and the treatment time is 24 hours.
Example 5
A liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, comprising the following components:
10.0% of Si, 3.0% of Cu, 3.0% of Mg, 0.5% of Mn, 0.04% of Sr, 0.03% of Zr, 0.06% of B, 0.04% of Sb, 0.03% of V, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10%.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy in the embodiment is as follows:
step 1, weighing high-purity aluminum ingots, pure magnesium, pure silicon, al-50Cu intermediate alloy, al-Sr intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy according to a set chemical composition in a metering ratio, and respectively carrying out preheating and drying treatment; the pre-heat drying temperature was 172 ℃.
Step 2, adding the dried high-purity aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, pure silicon and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for alloy smelting, and carrying out heat preservation after stirring uniformly; the smelting temperature is 755 ℃, the stirring time is 21min, and the heat preservation temperature is 780 ℃.
Step 3, carrying out modification treatment on the melt, adding Sr element into the melt, wherein the Sr element is added in an Al-10% Sr alloy, and the adding temperature is 708 ℃;
step 4, adding an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy into the melt for refining and modifying;
the aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy consists of the following components: zr 4.9%, B0.9%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance being Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy consists of the following components: 24.0% of Sb, less than or equal to 0.2% of Fe, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.15%;
the aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy consists of the following components: v10.0%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, the single content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of impurity elements less than or equal to 0.15%.
Step 5, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to refine and protect the melt; refining temperature is 760 ℃ and refining time is 62min; the purity of the high-purity argon or the high-purity nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
Step 6, extruding, casting and forming the alloy melt; the temperature of the alloy melt was controlled at 740 c and the alloy melt was cast within 10 seconds.
Step 7, carrying out solution treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy after liquid die casting; the solution treatment temperature is 550 ℃, and the treatment time is 6 hours.
And 8, aging the extrusion casting aluminum alloy subjected to solution treatment to obtain the casting aluminum alloy. Quenching: rapidly cooling in water with the temperature of 70 ℃ for 22S; the aging treatment temperature is 160 ℃, and the treatment time is 30 hours.
Performance testing was performed on cast aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 to 5: processing the metal tensile test sample into a standard tensile test sample according to national standard GB 6397-86; stretching is carried out on an Shimadzu AG-I250kN electronic tensile testing machine, and the stretching speed is 1mm/min; the cast aluminum alloy was tested for tensile strength, yield strength and elongation after break, and the test results are shown in the following table:
| tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation after break/% | |
| Example 1 | 375 | 335 | 13 |
| Example 2 | 385 | 345 | 14 |
| Example 3 | 390 | 350 | 12 |
| Example 4 | 400 | 360 | 13 |
| Example 5 | 405 | 365 | 14 |
As can be seen from the table, the tensile strength of the cast aluminum alloy prepared by the invention is more than or equal to 375MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 335MPa, and the elongation after fracture is more than or equal to 12%, which indicates that the cast aluminum alloy prepared by the invention has higher strength and plasticity.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, but is also intended to be limited to the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting, characterized in that: consists of the following components:
3.0 to 13.0 percent of Si, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of Cu, 1.0 to 5.0 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Sr0.01 to 0.05 percent of Zr, 0.04 to 0.15 percent of B, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of Sb, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of V, and the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
2. The liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting according to claim 1, wherein: consists of the following components:
4.0 to 11.0 percent of Si, 2.0 to 4.0 percent of Cu, 2.0 to 3.0 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mn, 0.02 to 0.06 percent of Sr0.02 to 0.04 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.08 percent of B, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of Sb, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of V, and the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
3. A liquid cast aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting according to claim 2, wherein: the composition comprises the following components:
10.0% of Si, 3.0% of Cu, 3.0% of Mg, 0.5% of Mn, 0.04% of Sr, 0.03% of Zr, 0.06% of B, 0.04% of Sb, 0.03% of V, the balance of Al and unavoidable other impurity elements, wherein the single content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total content of the impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.10%.
4. A method of liquid casting an aluminum alloy for high vacuum die casting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing high-purity aluminum ingots, pure magnesium, pure silicon, al-50Cu intermediate alloy, al-Sr intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy according to a set chemical composition in a metering ratio, and respectively carrying out preheating and drying treatment;
step 2, adding the dried high-purity aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, pure silicon and Al-50Cu intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for alloy smelting, and carrying out heat preservation after stirring uniformly;
step 3, carrying out modification treatment on the melt, adding Sr element into the melt, wherein the Sr element is added in the form of Al-10% Sr or Al-20% Sr alloy, and the adding temperature is 700-710 ℃;
step 4, adding an aluminum-zirconium-boron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-antimony intermediate alloy and an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy into the melt for refining and modifying;
step 5, introducing high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen to refine and protect the melt;
step 6, extruding, casting and forming the alloy melt;
step 7, carrying out solution treatment on the die-casting aluminum alloy after liquid die casting;
and 8, aging the extrusion casting aluminum alloy subjected to solution treatment to obtain the casting aluminum alloy.
5. The method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 1, the preheating and drying temperature is 150-180 ℃.
6. The method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 2, the smelting temperature is 740-760 ℃, the stirring time is 10-25min, and the heat preservation temperature is 780 ℃.
7. The method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 5, the refining temperature is 710-780 ℃ and the refining time is 40-70 min; the purity of the high-purity argon or the high-purity nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
8. The method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 6, the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled within the range of 670-760 ℃, and the alloy melt is cast within 10 seconds.
9. The method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 7, the solution treatment temperature is 460-590 ℃ and the treatment time is 3-7 h.
10. The method for liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 8, water quenching: rapidly cooling in water at 50-80 ℃ for 15-25S; the aging treatment temperature is 130-170 ℃ and the treatment time is 12-36 h.
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