CN108048710A - A kind of high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint and its extrusion casting method - Google Patents
A kind of high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint and its extrusion casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108048710A CN108048710A CN201810095440.8A CN201810095440A CN108048710A CN 108048710 A CN108048710 A CN 108048710A CN 201810095440 A CN201810095440 A CN 201810095440A CN 108048710 A CN108048710 A CN 108048710A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethyl(.) Chemical compound Cl[C](Cl)Cl ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010039 TiAl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint and its extrusion casting method, ingredient and mass percent are：Si 9.6~10.4%, Mg 0.9~1.1%, Cu 0.4~0.6%, Ti 0.1~0.2%, Cr 0.05~0.1%, Yb 0.01~0.02%, Te 0.03~0.05%, Fe≤0.15%, surplus are Al and inevitable other impurity elements.Extrusion casting method includes dispensing, smelting aluminium alloy liquid, refining degasification slagging-off, extrusion casint shaping and fixation rates.The present invention is on the basis of Si, Mg, Cu main alloying element is optimized, pass through element microalloy treatment, refine α Al crystal grain, rotten richness Fe phases and common reciever, the intensity and plasticity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy are improved, is suitable for the contour tough aluminium alloy automobile parts of extrusion casint knuckle, damping tower, suspension holdfast, bladder support arm, control arm, brake caliper.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy extrusion casting fields, are specifically related to a kind of high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint and its squeeze
Press casting method.
Background technology
With the development of automotive light weight technology, spindle, damping tower, suspension holdfast, bladder support arm, control arm, system
The parts such as dynamic device clamp are required for " with aluminium for steel ", have reached the purpose of automotive light weight technology.These parts on automobile all
Belong to the stress members of security system, therefore, the development of automotive light weight technology is to the synthesis mechanical property of these aluminum alloy spare parts
Higher can be also required, such as higher intensity and plasticity, to improve the security of automobile and service life.
Extrusion casint is that molten metal is carried out to the technology of coagulation forming under the direct effect of extruding force.Squeeze casting technology
The defects of having the function of strength feeding, can eliminating shrinkage cavity, stomata, hot tearing, extrusion casint part have dense structure, can be heat-treated
The advantages that reinforcing, high mechanical properties, high dimensional accuracy.Unique technology advantage possessed by extrusion casint is very suitable for producing
The aluminium alloy automobile parts of high intensity.But existing extrusion casint is mainly Al-Si systems cast aluminium alloy gold with aluminium alloy, such as
ADC10, ADC12 etc..Although the Al-Si systems cast aluminium alloy gold of these trades mark has good casting fluidity and machining property
Can, but generally existing low strength, the problem of plasticity is poor, squeeze casting technology is seriously constrained in aluminium alloy automobile parts
On application.
Therefore, existing extrusion casint aluminium alloy and extrusion casting method still have much room for improvement and develop.
The content of the invention
It is above-mentioned there are problem and shortage it is an object of the invention to be directed to, the extruding casting that a kind of intensity is high, plasticity is good is provided
Make aluminium alloy and its extrusion casting method, meet extrusion casint aluminium alloy knuckle, damping tower, suspension holdfast, bladder support arm,
The requirement of the auto parts and components such as control arm, brake caliper.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
The high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint of the present invention, its main feature is that：The aluminium alloy is made of squeeze casting technology, and
By following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 9.6~10.4%, Mg 0.9~1.1%, Cu 0.4~0.6%, Ti 0.1~
0.2%, Cr 0.05~0.1%, Yb 0.01~0.02%, Te 0.03~0.05%, Fe≤0.15%, surplus is Al and can not keep away
The other impurity elements exempted from, wherein, the mass ratio of Cr and Yb are 5:1, other single contents of impurity element are less than 0.05%, total amount
Less than 0.15%.
The extrusion casting method of the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint of the present invention, its main feature is that comprising the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, select Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr1Yb alloys,
Aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that Al5Te alloys and purity are 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：720~760 DEG C heating fusing aluminium ingots, then add in account for raw material total weight 9.6~10.4% instant silicon,
0.9~1.1% magnesium ingot, 4~6% Al10Cu alloys, 1~2% Al10Ti alloys, 1~2% Al5Cr1Yb alloys and 0.6
~1% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into aluminum alloy melt, and carry out refining degasification slagging-off；
3rd step：Pouring temperature is 670~680 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 250~260 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure be 85~
Under the conditions of 95MPa, filling velocity are 0.2~0.3 meter per second, the dwell time is 20~30 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium
Alloy；
4th step：By extrusion casint into aluminium alloy when 510~515 DEG C of solution treatment 9~10 are small, after water quenching, 135~
When 140 DEG C of ageing treatments 12~14 are small, the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint, the high tough aluminium of the extrusion casint are obtained after furnace cooling
The tensile strength of alloy is more than 350MPa, and yield strength is more than 300MPa, and elongation is more than 6%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
（1）The present invention on the basis of Si, Mg, Cu main alloying element is optimized, by add Al10Ti alloy refinement α-Al crystal grain,
Go bad rich Fe phases, addition Al5Te alloy refinements of addition Al5Cr1Yb alloy refinements goes bad common reciever, eliminates coarse alpha-Al
The brilliant, influence of richness Fe phases and common reciever to Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys improves the intensity and plasticity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy.
（2）The present invention eliminates shrinkage cavity, stomata, hot tearing by optimizing the Extrution casting technique and heat treatment process of aluminium alloy
The defects of, to fill extrusion casint part type is complete, dense structure, meets high intensity, high tenacity, high-compactness aluminum alloy spare part
Extrusion casint production and the demand of heat treatment reinforcement.
（3）The tensile strength of the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint of the present invention is more than 350MPa, and yield strength is more than 300MPa,
Elongation is more than 6%, has the advantages that intensity is high, plasticity is good, is suitable for extrusion casint aluminium alloy knuckle, damping tower, suspension branch
The auto parts and components such as frame, bladder support arm, control arm, brake caliper.
Specific embodiment
Below tough aluminium alloy high to extrusion casint of the present invention into being grouped into meaning and content range restriction reason carries out
Explanation.
The high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint of the present invention, by following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 9.6~
10.4%, Mg 0.9~1.1%, Cu 0.4~0.6%, Ti 0.1~0.2%, Cr 0.05~0.1%, Yb 0.01~0.02%, Te
0.03~0.05%, Fe≤0.15%, surplus other impurity elements for Al and inevitably, wherein, the mass ratio of Cr and Yb are
5:1, other single contents of impurity element are less than 0.05%, and total amount is less than 0.15%.
Si can form Al+Si eutectic liquid phases in aluminium alloy with Al, and Mg is formed with Mg2Si hardening constituents, improve aluminium alloy
Casting fluidity, intensity and machining property.Si contents are higher, and the casting fluidity and machining property of aluminium alloy are got over
Good, intensity is higher, but the plasticity of aluminium alloy can decline.When Si contents are less than 9.6%, the casting fluidity of aluminium alloy can not meet
The technological requirement of extrusion casint, and Si contents be more than 10.4% when, the plasticity of aluminium alloy, which is present with, to be remarkably decreased.In order to ensure aluminium
Alloy has enough casting fluidity and plasticity, and therefore, Si contents are selected 9.6~10.4%.
Mg can form Mg in aluminium alloy with Si2Si hardening constituents enhance the intensity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy.Mg contents are got over
Height, the intensity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy is also higher, but plasticity can be also gradually reduced.Mg contents are less than 0.9%, and squeeze casting Al closes
350MPa is not achieved in the intensity of gold, and Mg contents are more than 1.1%, and the moulding of extrusion casint aluminium alloy is not achieved 6%.Therefore, in order to
Ensure the intensity and plasticity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy, Mg contents are selected 0.9~1.1%.
Cu existing solution strengthening effects in extrusion casint aluminium alloy, while can also during aluminium alloy aging strengthening model
CuAl is precipitated2Hardening constituent enhances the intensity of aluminium alloy.Cu contents are less than 0.4%, and the intensity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy is not achieved
350MPa.Cu contents are higher, and the intensity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy is also higher, but Cu contents be more than 0.6% when, can reduce extruding casting
Aluminium alloy corrosion resistance is made, increases the hot cracking tendency of aluminium alloy.Therefore, in order to ensure the intensity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy and anti-
Corrosive nature, avoids hot tearing, and Cu contents are selected 0.4~0.6%.
Ti is to be added to Al10Ti alloy forms in extrusion casint aluminium alloy, main function be refinement α-Al crystal grain, make α-
Al crystal grain from coarse dendrite be changed into fine uniform equiax crystal and spherical shape it is brilliant, the structural constituent for improving aluminium alloy is uniform
Property improves casting fluidity, intensity and the plasticity of aluminium alloy.Al10Ti alloy addition levels are less than 1%, and grain refining effect is unknown
It is aobvious.But Al10Ti alloy addition levels are more than 2%, also result in coarse InterMetallic Compound TiAl3The appearance of phase deteriorates and squeezes casting
Make the intensity and plasticity of aluminium alloy.Therefore, the additive amount selection 1~2% of Al10Ti alloys, aluminium alloy contains 0.1~0.2%
Ti。
Cr, Yb are to be added to Al5Cr1Yb alloy forms in extrusion casint aluminium alloy, and main function is fine degenerate richness
Fe phases.Fe is inevitable impurity element in aluminium alloy, is usually existed in aluminium alloy with coarse needle-shaped richness Fe phase formal distributions
In alloy matrix aluminum, coarse needle-shaped richness Fe, which meets, seriously isolates alloy matrix aluminum, be cause conventional cast intensity of aluminum alloy it is relatively low,
The main reason for particularly plasticity is relatively low.Inventor individually adds Cr elements or Yb elements by being found after lot of experiments
There is inhibitory action to the growth of coarse needle-shaped richness Fe phases, but can not all completely eliminate coarse needle-shaped richness Fe phases.The study found that work as
The Cr elements and 0.01~0.02% Yb elements of compound addition 0.05~0.1%, and the mass ratio of Cr and Yb is 5:When 1, pass through
The reciprocation of Cr and Yb carries out fine degenerate to rich Fe phases, can completely inhibit rich Fe phases and be grown by needle-shaped direction, make rich Fe
Mutually from the coarse needle-shaped graininess for being changed into fine uniform, richness Fe is eliminated with respect to the influence of intensity of aluminum alloy and plasticity, is significantly carried
The intensity and plasticity of high extrusion casint aluminium alloy.Cr constituent contents be less than 0.05% either Yb constituent contents be less than 0.01% or
The mass ratio of Cr and Yb is not 5:When 1, coarse needle-shaped richness Fe phases can not be all completely eliminated.Therefore, Al5Cr1Yb alloy addition levels
Selection 1~2%, aluminium alloy contains 0.05~0.1% Cr and 0.01~0.02% Yb.
Te main functions in extrusion casint aluminium alloy are fine degenerate common recievers.Common reciever is usual in aluminium alloy
It is to be distributed in coarse sheet in alloy matrix aluminum, this coarse lamellar eutectic Si meets and seriously isolates alloy matrix aluminum, is to lead
Cause tradition Al-Si systems cast aluminium alloy gold intensity low, particularly the low major reason of plasticity.The prior art is typically to add Na or Sr
First usually fine degenerate common reciever, the fine degenerate effect of Na is unstable, is also easy to cause " sodium is crisp " problem, though Sr has carefully
Change the advantages of modification effect is good, but aluminium alloy melt air-breathing can be caused.Inventor after lot of experiments by having found, Te elements
It is effective fine degenerate element of extrusion casint aluminium alloy common reciever of the present invention, traditional Na, Sr element can also be avoided to exist
Stability it is poor, " sodium is crisp ", air-breathing the problems such as.The Te elements of addition 0.03~0.05%, can make eutectic in extrusion casint aluminium alloy
The form of Si is changed into the graininess or threadiness of fine uniform from coarse sheet, significantly improves the intensity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy
And plasticity.
The preparation method and technological parameter restriction reason of the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint of the present invention are said below
It is bright.
The preparation method of the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint of the present invention, its main feature is that comprising the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, select Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr1Yb alloys,
Aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that Al5Te alloys and purity are 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：720~760 DEG C heating fusing aluminium ingots, then add in account for raw material total weight 9.6~10.4% instant silicon,
0.9~1.1% magnesium ingot, 4~6% Al10Cu alloys, 1~2% Al10Ti alloys, 1~2% Al5Cr1Yb alloys and 0.6
~1% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into aluminum alloy melt, and carry out refining degasification slagging-off；
3rd step：Pouring temperature is 670~680 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 250~260 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure be 85~
Under the conditions of 95MPa, filling velocity are 0.2~0.3 meter per second, the dwell time is 20~30 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium
Alloy；
4th step：By extrusion casint into aluminium alloy when 510~515 DEG C of solution treatment 9~10 are small, after water quenching, 135~
When 140 DEG C of ageing treatments 12~14 are small, the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint is obtained after furnace cooling.
The elements such as Fe, Zn, Ni, Li, Mn, Zr, Sc, Er, Sn, Pb are impurity members common in aluminium ingot, instant silicon, magnesium ingot
Element, these impurity elements easily form the hard and intermetallic compound of compound or low melting point between brittle metal in aluminium alloy,
It is an important factor for intensity of aluminum alloy and plasticity is caused to decline, therefore, these impurity elements must be controlled strictly.The present invention
It is closed by the aluminum bronze centre for selecting aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon, 99.95% magnesium ingot and degree of purity that purity is 99.7% higher
Gold, α-Al grain refiners, richness Fe phases alterant and eutectic Si alterants are raw material, and the content control of Impurity Fe is existed
Less than 0.15%, the single content of the impurity elements such as Zn, Ni, Li, Mn, Zr, Sc, Er, Sn, Pb is less than 0.05%, total amount and is less than
0.15%, it is ensured that extrusion casint aluminium alloy obtains high intensity and high-ductility.
Though squeeze casting technology has strength feeding function, to obtain fill type complete, dense structure, accurate size, can heat
Handle the aluminium alloy extrusion casting part strengthened, it is necessary to there is Extrution casting technique that is reliable, stablizing and heat treatment process to ensure.
Inventor after the Extrution casting technique system research of extrusion casint aluminium alloy of the present invention to having found, if pouring temperature is less than 670
DEG C, mold cavity temperature forced down less than 250 DEG C, extrusion ratio in 85MPa, filling velocity less than 0.2 meter per second, then easily cause and fill
The problems such as type is imperfect, tissue is not fine and close, and filling velocity is then susceptible to molten aluminum splash and is involved in gas higher than 0.3 meter per second
The problems such as.Pouring temperature be 670~680 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 250~260 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure is 85~95MPa, is filled
Under the conditions of type speed is 0.2~0.3 meter per second, the dwell time is 20~30 seconds, extrusion casint, which can obtain, fills that type is complete, tissue
Densification, accurate size, heat-treatable strengthened aluminium alloy extrusion casting part.By extrusion casint aluminium alloy in 510~515 DEG C of solid solutions
When processing 9~10 is small, after water quenching, when 135~140 DEG C of ageing treatments 12~14 are small, it can be obtained after furnace cooling desired
Intensity and plasticity.The problems such as no person, extrusion casint aluminium alloy is then present with burning, overaging or sub- timeliness, expectation is not achieved
Intensity and plasticity.
Technical scheme is further described in conjunction with specific embodiment and comparative example below, so as to more
Good understanding technical scheme.
Embodiment 1：
The high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 9.6%, Mg 0.9%, Cu 0.4%, Ti
0.1%, Cr 0.05%, Yb 0.01%, Te 0.03%, Fe≤0.15%, remaining other impurity element for Al and inevitably,
Other single contents of impurity element are less than 0.05%, and total amount is less than 0.15%.Extrusion casting method comprises the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, select Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr1Yb alloys,
Aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that Al5Te alloys and purity are 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：In 760 DEG C of heating fusing aluminium ingots, the instant silicon, 0.9% magnesium for accounting for that raw material total weight is 9.6% are then added in
Ingot, 4% Al10Cu alloys, 1% Al10Ti alloys, 1% Al5Cr1Yb alloys and 0.6% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into
Aluminum alloy melt, and refining degasification slagging-off is carried out to aluminum alloy melt with the carbon trichloride that raw material total weight is 0.5% is accounted for；
3rd step：Pouring temperature be 670 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 260 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure is 85MPa, filling velocity is
0.3 meter per second, dwell time under the conditions of 20 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium alloy；
4th step：By extrusion casint aluminium alloy when 515 DEG C of solution treatment 9 are small, after water quenching, when 140 DEG C of ageing treatments 12 are small,
The high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint is obtained after furnace cooling.
Embodiment 2：
The high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 10%, Mg 1%, Cu 0.5%, Ti
0.15%, Cr 0.1%, Yb 0.02%, Te 0.04%, Fe≤0.15%, remaining other impurity element for Al and inevitably,
Other single contents of impurity element are less than 0.05%, and total amount is less than 0.15%.Extrusion casting method comprises the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, select Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr1Yb alloys,
Aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that Al5Te alloys and purity are 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：740 DEG C heating fusing aluminium ingots, then add in account for raw material total weight be 10% instant silicon, 1% magnesium ingot,
5% Al10Cu alloys, 1.5% Al10Ti alloys, 2% Al5Cr1Yb alloys and 0.8% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into
Aluminum alloy melt, and refining degasification slagging-off is carried out to aluminum alloy melt with the carbon trichloride that raw material total weight is 1% is accounted for；
3rd step：Pouring temperature be 675 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 255 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure is 90MPa, filling velocity is
0.25 meter per second, dwell time under the conditions of 25 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium alloy；
4th step：It is small in 135 DEG C of ageing treatments 14 after water quenching by extrusion casint aluminium alloy when 510 DEG C of solution treatment 10 are small
When, the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint is obtained after furnace cooling.
Embodiment 3：
The high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 10.4%, Mg 1.1%, Cu 0.6%,
Ti 0.2%, Cr 0.075%, Yb 0.015%, Te 0.05%, Fe≤0.15%, remaining is Al and inevitable other impurity
Element, other single contents of impurity element are less than 0.05%, and total amount is less than 0.15%.Extrusion casting method comprises the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, select Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr1Yb alloys,
Aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that Al5Te alloys and purity are 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：In 720 DEG C of heating fusing aluminium ingots, the instant silicon, 1.1% magnesium for accounting for that raw material total weight is 10.4% are then added in
Ingot, 6% Al10Cu alloys, 2% Al10Ti alloys, 1.5% Al5Cr1Yb alloys and 1% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into
Aluminum alloy melt, and refining degasification slagging-off is carried out to aluminum alloy melt with the carbon trichloride that raw material total weight is 0.8% is accounted for；
3rd step：Pouring temperature be 680 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 250 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure is 95MPa, filling velocity is
0.2 meter per second, dwell time under the conditions of 30 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium alloy；
4th step：It is small in 138 DEG C of ageing treatments 13 after water quenching by extrusion casint aluminium alloy when 512 DEG C of solution treatment 9.5 are small
When, the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint is obtained after furnace cooling.
Comparative example 1：
Extrusion casint aluminium alloy is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 10%, Mg 1%, Cu 0.5%, Ti 0.15%, Te
0.04%, Fe≤0.15%, remaining is Al and inevitable other impurity elements, and other single contents of impurity element are less than
0.05%, total amount is less than 0.15%.Extrusion casting method comprises the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Te alloys and pure are selected
It is that raw material carry out dispensing to spend the aluminium ingot for 99.7%, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot；
Second step：740 DEG C heating fusing aluminium ingots, then add in account for raw material total weight be 10% instant silicon, 1% magnesium ingot,
5% Al10Cu alloys, 1.5% Al10Ti alloys and 0.8% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into aluminum alloy melt, and with accounting for original
The carbon trichloride that material total weight is 1% carries out aluminum alloy melt refining degasification slagging-off；
3rd step：Pouring temperature be 675 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 255 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure is 90MPa, filling velocity is
0.25 meter per second, dwell time under the conditions of 25 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium alloy；
4th step：It is small in 135 DEG C of ageing treatments 14 after water quenching by extrusion casint aluminium alloy when 510 DEG C of solution treatment 10 are small
When, extrusion casint aluminium alloy is obtained after furnace cooling.
Comparative example 2：
Extrusion casint aluminium alloy is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 10%, Mg 1%, Cu 0.5%, Ti 0.15%, Cr
0.1%, Te 0.04%, Fe≤0.15%, remaining is Al and inevitable other impurity elements, and other impurity elements are single to be contained
Amount is less than 0.05%, and total amount is less than 0.15%.Extrusion casting method comprises the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, select Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr alloys,
Aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that Al5Te alloys and purity are 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：740 DEG C heating fusing aluminium ingots, then add in account for raw material total weight be 10% instant silicon, 1% magnesium ingot,
5% Al10Cu alloys, 1.5% Al10Ti alloys, 2% Al5Cr alloys and 0.8% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into aluminium conjunction
Golden liquid, and refining degasification slagging-off is carried out to aluminum alloy melt with the carbon trichloride that raw material total weight is 1% is accounted for；
3rd step：Pouring temperature be 675 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 255 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure is 90MPa, filling velocity is
0.25 meter per second, dwell time under the conditions of 25 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium alloy；
4th step：It is small in 135 DEG C of ageing treatments 14 after water quenching by extrusion casint aluminium alloy when 510 DEG C of solution treatment 10 are small
When, extrusion casint aluminium alloy is obtained after furnace cooling.
Comparative example 3：
Extrusion casint aluminium alloy is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Si 10%, Mg 1%, Cu 0.5%, Ti 0.15%, Cr
0.1%, Yb 0.02%, Fe≤0.15%, remaining is Al and inevitable other impurity elements, and other impurity elements are single to be contained
Amount is less than 0.05%, and total amount is less than 0.15%.Extrusion casting method comprises the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr1Yb alloys are selected
And aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that purity is 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：740 DEG C heating fusing aluminium ingots, then add in account for raw material total weight be 10% instant silicon, 1% magnesium ingot,
5% Al10Cu alloys, 1.5% Al10Ti alloys and 2% Al5Cr1Yb alloys, stirring are fused into aluminum alloy melt, and with accounting for original
The carbon trichloride that material total weight is 1% carries out aluminum alloy melt refining degasification slagging-off；
3rd step：Pouring temperature be 675 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 255 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure is 90MPa, filling velocity is
0.25 meter per second, dwell time under the conditions of 25 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium alloy；
4th step：It is small in 135 DEG C of ageing treatments 14 after water quenching by extrusion casint aluminium alloy when 510 DEG C of solution treatment 10 are small
When, extrusion casint aluminium alloy is obtained after furnace cooling.
By National Standard of the People's Republic of China GMN/T16865-2013, by the squeeze casting Al of embodiment and comparative example
Alloy is processed into standard tensile specimen, and room temperature tensile is carried out on DNS-200 type electronic tensile test machines, and rate of extension is 2 millis
M/min, tensile mechanical properties are as shown in table 1.
From table 1, it can be seen that, the tensile strength of 1-3 extrusion casint aluminium alloys of the embodiment of the present invention is more than 350MPa, and yield strength is big
In 300MPa, elongation is more than 6%.The extrusion casint aluminium alloy of comparative example 1, since no compound addition Cr, Yb element is to rich Fe
Fine degenerate processing is mutually carried out, the tensile strength of extrusion casint aluminium alloy is 311.9MPa, yield strength 264.1MPa, is extended
Rate is 3.5%.The extrusion casint aluminium alloy of comparative example 2, due to being only with the addition of Cr elements, without compound addition Cr, Yb element to richness
Fe phases carry out fine degenerate processing, and the tensile strength of extrusion casint aluminium alloy is 332.4MPa, and yield strength 281.4MPa stretches
Long rate is 4.8%.The extrusion casint aluminium alloy of comparative example 3, since no addition Te elements carry out at fine degenerate common reciever
Reason, the tensile strength of extrusion casint aluminium alloy are 328.1MPa, yield strength 279.5MPa, elongation 3.1%.Pass through ratio
Relatively it can be seen that, the present invention adds Cr, Yb element fine degenerate richness Fe phases, Te element fine degenerate common recievers by compound,
It is remarkably improved the intensity and plasticity of extrusion casint aluminium alloy.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but is not limited the invention, with reference to description of the invention, institute
Other variations of disclosed embodiment, are such as readily apparent that, such variation should belong to for the professional person of this field
Within the scope of the claims in the present invention limit.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint, it is characterised in that：The aluminium alloy is made of squeeze casting technology, and by with
Lower mass percent into being grouped into：Si 9.6~10.4%, Mg 0.9~1.1%, Cu 0.4~0.6%, Ti 0.1~0.2%,
Cr 0.05~0.1%, Yb 0.01~0.02%, Te 0.03~0.05%, Fe≤0.15%, surplus for Al and inevitably its
Its impurity element, wherein, the mass ratio of Cr and Yb are 5:1, other single contents of impurity element are less than 0.05%, and total amount is less than
0.15%。
2. a kind of extrusion casting method of the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint, this method are used to prepare described in the claims 1
Aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first step：According to the ingredient percent of aluminium alloy, select Al10Cu alloys, Al10Ti alloys, Al5Cr1Yb alloys,
Aluminium ingot, 99.9% instant silicon and 99.95% magnesium ingot that Al5Te alloys and purity are 99.7% are that raw material carry out dispensing；
Second step：720~760 DEG C heating fusing aluminium ingots, then add in account for raw material total weight 9.6~10.4% instant silicon,
0.9~1.1% magnesium ingot, 4~6% Al10Cu alloys, 1~2% Al10Ti alloys, 1~2% Al5Cr1Yb alloys and 0.6
~1% Al5Te alloys, stirring are fused into aluminum alloy melt, and carry out refining degasification slagging-off；
3rd step：Pouring temperature is 670~680 DEG C, mold cavity temperature is 250~260 DEG C, extrusion ratio pressure be 85~
Under the conditions of 95MPa, filling velocity are 0.2~0.3 meter per second, the dwell time is 20~30 seconds, by aluminum alloy melt extrusion casint into aluminium
Alloy；
4th step：By extrusion casint into aluminium alloy when 510~515 DEG C of solution treatment 9~10 are small, after water quenching, 135~
When 140 DEG C of ageing treatments 12~14 are small, the high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint, the high tough aluminium of the extrusion casint are obtained after furnace cooling
The tensile strength of alloy is more than 350MPa, and yield strength is more than 300MPa, and elongation is more than 6%.
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| CN110453102A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 南昌大学 | A composite modificator for regeneration of ADC12 aluminum alloy and its preparation method |
| CN112375944A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-19 | 宁波德业粉末冶金有限公司 | Compression valve seat for multifunctional oil leakage prevention hydraulic shock absorber |
| CN112481528A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 安徽军明机械制造有限公司 | High-strength cast aluminum alloy for automobile |
| CN114346201A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-15 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Semi-solid manufacturing method suitable for aluminum alloy brake calipers |
| CN116121605A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-05-16 | 苏州慧金新材料科技有限公司 | Heat treatment-free die-casting aluminum alloy for electric bicycle and preparation method thereof |
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| CN117165820A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-12-05 | 南通众福新材料科技有限公司 | Liquid casting aluminum alloy for high-vacuum die casting and method |
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Application publication date: 20180518 |