CN106591639A - Electroconductive Al alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electroconductive Al alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106591639A CN106591639A CN201610992786.9A CN201610992786A CN106591639A CN 106591639 A CN106591639 A CN 106591639A CN 201610992786 A CN201610992786 A CN 201610992786A CN 106591639 A CN106591639 A CN 106591639A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
Abstract
The invention discloses an electroconductive Al alloy material and a preparation method thereof. The formula of the Al alloy material is that the Al alloy material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 3.5-18.5% of Si, 0.05-2.5% of Mg, 0.5-2.5% of Cu, 0.1-0.6% of Zr, 0.1-1.55% of rare earth, 0-0.15% of inevitable impurity elements and Al in balancing amount; and the sum of the masses of the elements is 100%. The raw materials of the Al alloy material include an Al-Si alloy, an Al-Mg alloy, 10 mu m of Cu powder, rare earth powder and 2-3 mu m of Zr powder. The preparation method of the Al alloy material comprises the steps of melting an Al ingot, adding Al and Cu, adding Zr, adding rare earth, performing casting, performing quenching, performing aging treatment and the like. The Al alloy material prepared according to the preparation method has the advantages of good electric conductivity, high airtightness, excellent mechanical property and the like, meets the material performance requirements of power transmission and transformation equipment in the electric industry, is not limited in size and shape and can be applied to a wide range of occasions and fields.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of novel materials, and in particular to a kind of cond aluminium material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aluminum is a kind of argenteous metal, only 2.79/cm low with density3, about steel, copper or pyrite density (
Respectively 7.839/cm3, 8.939/cm3) 1/3.The features such as electric conductivity and heat conductivity are good, plasticity is high, corrosion resistance is good, aluminum
Surface there is the reflexive of height, radiation energy, visible ray, radiant heat and electric wave effectively can be reflected by aluminum, and anodic oxygen
Change and dark anodised surface can be reflexive, or absorbefacient, the aluminum after polishing is in very wide wavelength model
There is in enclosing excellent reflexive, thus with various decorative uses and the purposes with reflection function.The chemical property of aluminum
Vivaciously, easily combined with oxygen in atmosphere, surface forms the firm aluminum oxide film of one layer of densification, can protect inner layer metal not followed by
Continuous oxidation, therefore have fabulous stability in an atmosphere.Reserves of the aluminum in the Nature are enriched very much, content of the aluminum in the earth's crust
For 7.45%, oxygen and silicon are only second to, the reserves of China's bauxite are also at the forefront in the world, and proved reserves have 6.3 hundred million tons, and it
It is a kind of metal with very strong reproducibility, its " green life power " is available for persistently playing.
Due to the hardness of fine aluminium it is less, so be difficult to use as structural material, in order to make full use of aluminum other are excellent
Benign energy, improves the mechanical strength of aluminum, typically by other metal ingredients are added, generates different types of aluminium alloy.Existing
In generation life, aluminum and aluminium alloy have been widely used in various industries.
In power industry, aluminum and its aluminium alloy play key player.As power transmission material, operation power are required with spy
Different property, for the important device electric armour clamp on high-tension power transmission and transformation equipment, its electrical conductivity, intensity and air-tightness are had compared with
High requirement.Domestic more concentrating on studies high purity aluminum alloy direction, by reducing impurity content in matrix alloy as far as possible,
(si≤1%), to improve alloy conductive rate.And domestic bauxite resource very abundant, but the grade of aluminum is relatively low, and companion
There is substantial amounts of element silicon.This causes high-purity electrician's aluminum melting difficulty big, and complicated process of preparation, Financial cost are unreasonable.Therefore,
For make full use of in domestic bauxite rich in high silicon advantage, in the case where silicone content is not reduced, by change preparation technology,
The addition of special elementses and reasonable heat treatment mode improve alloy structure, (reduce resistance with the electric conductivity for improving aluminium alloy
Rate), energy loss can be accordingly reduced, improves the transfer efficiency of electrical network so as to meet the index request of power industry.
In recent years, explored in terms of the country is for silumin electric conductivity, research shows, existed with solid solution state
Impact of the impurity to conductor resistance rate it is bigger than the impact for separating out state, determined as the silicon of basic alloy element to a great extent
The overall resistivity of alloy, becoming affects the essential element of alusil alloy electric conductivity, silicon existence form in the base, position
Put, impact of the type to electric conductivity it is also extremely important.The simultaneously boundary in alloy, the shape of each phase, size and distribution situation,
The size of crystal grain, lattice distortion, especially impact of the segregation of intra-die foreign atom to resistance can not be ignored.
Application No. 200810204595.7, the patent of entitled " a kind of high silica/aluminum-based alloy and preparation method thereof " are adopted
Jet atomization prepares the cold rolling technological process of Al alloy powder, high-energy ball milling, extrusion molding and multiple tracks, prepares high performance aluminum
Base alloy material, its silicone content are 5 ~ 60%, and conductivity is 45%IACS.Application No. 200810204594.2, entitled " height is led
The patent of electric rate high silica/aluminum-based alloy and preparation method thereof " is using injection molding technology by atomized alloy droplet jet to acceptor
Then blank is carried out hot extrusion and multiple tracks cold rolling process obtains high conductivity acieral by upper molding.But, it exists as follows
Shortcoming：
（1）Technological process is complicated, the cycle is long, low production efficiency so that large-scale industrial preparation difficulty is very big, and the material for preparing
Material size is limited, limits its application so that its excellent properties cannot be not fully exerted;
（2）Technical difficulty is big, and liquation is transformed into the technologies such as the protection of powder seasonal epidemic pathogens field, atomization speed, rate of cooling control in atomization
Have high demands, otherwise will appear from the problems such as granule is thick, particles stick is agglomerating, directly reduce total performance;
（3）Impurity is introduced, in mechanical grinding process, can be drawn due to being interacted between raw metal, abrading-ball, grinding drum for a long time
Enter impurity, drop low-alloyed electric conductivity;
（4）Poor repeatability, alloy property are directly decided by the uniform of powder particle size, the spread of Si and compound distribution
Degree etc., causes alloy mass unstable.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the sides such as technical complexity height, the production cost height of existing cond aluminium material producing process presence
The deficiency in face, the present invention provide a kind of cond aluminium material and preparation method thereof.The cond aluminium is in existing height
By adding special material improving the structure of alloy on the basis of silicon alloy, carry heavy alloyed to electric rate；The preparation
It is method simple production process, with low cost, the overall manufacturing cost of cond aluminium can be effectively improved.
To realize above-mentioned target, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of cond aluminium material, it is characterised in that the formula of the alloy is：According to mass percent, each element and its
Content is, silicon Si 3.5 ~ 18.5%, magnesium Mg 0.05 ~ 2.5%, copper Cu 0.5 ~ 2.5%, zirconium Zr 0.1 ~ 0.6%, rare earth 0.1 ~
1.55%, inevitable impurity element sum≤0.15%, balance of aluminum Al, each component sum are 100%.
In above-mentioned formula, from aluminium-silicon alloys as ingot casting raw material, its silicone content scope, can be fully sharp 3.5 ~ 18.5%
With the domestic bauxite resource rich in high silicon.In alloy, mass content is added in the form of magnalium intermediate alloy for 0.05 ~ 2.5% magnesium
Enter.In alloy, mass content is added in the form of 10 μm of powder for 0.5 ~ 2.5% copper.Rare earth is rich in cerium Ce, wherein lanthanum La, cerium
It is 40% ~ 45% that the content of Ce accounts for rare earth element gross mass percentage ratio, and it is 25% ~ 35% that lanthanum La contents account for rare earth gross mass percentage ratio,
Remaining content is the rare earth compositions such as yttrium Y, scandium Sc.Rare earth is added in the form of rare earth powder.Other unavoidable impurity elements
Sum≤0.1%.
A kind of cond aluminium material preparation method, comprises the steps：
1）Aluminum melting ingot：First aluminium-silicon alloys are added in melting furnace, temperature control melts which at 760 ~ 780 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 15
Minute, elemental silicon accounts for the 3.5 ~ 18.5% of melt gross mass；
2）Plus magnesium copper：Aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is added in melt again, makes element magnesium account for the 0.05 ~ 2.5% of melt gross mass, then
10 μm of copper powders are added in melt, are made elemental copper account for the 0.5 ~ 2.5% of melt gross mass, and aluminum melt are pressed into carbon cover
In, continuous uniform stirring；
3）Plus zirconium：Industrial zirconium Zr is added into melt, is made element zirconium account for the 0.1 ~ 0.6% of melt gross mass, is continued stirring until melt
Uniformly, temperature control is incubated 10 ~ 15 minutes at 750 ~ 770 DEG C；
4）Plus rare earth：730 DEG C are cooled to, rare earth powder are added, is made rare earth element account for the 0.1 ~ 1.55% of melt gross mass, treat which
Refining agent is added toward liquation after fully melting, and nitrogen or argon are blown in its bottom carries out purified treatment 15 ~ 20 minutes, enters
At mouthful, nitrogen or argon pressure are 1.1 ~ 2.5kg/cm3, temperature is made during stirring between 710 ~ 730 DEG C, and is skimmed；
5）Casting：Molten surface is covered with solid coverture, temperature control stands 20 ~ 30 minutes at 700 ~ 720 DEG C；Then will
Obtained liquation Jing chutes and defecator are filtered, and are carried out metal pattern casting or are carried out continuously using dedicated aluminium alloy conticaster
Casting, makes aluminum-alloy conductor material；
6）Quenching：Directly with 60 ~ 70 DEG C of water quenching after the aluminium casting of preparation is inserted temperature 2 hours in 490 ± 5 DEG C of stoves；
7）Ageing Treatment：Foundry goods after quenching is proceeded to temperature carries out the first order in 6 ~ 8 hours in 120 ~ 150 DEG C of stove inside holding
Ageing Treatment, then proceeding to temperature for insulation in 200 ~ 230 DEG C of stoves carries out second level Ageing Treatment in 8 ~ 10 hours, and ensures aluminum
Foundry goods proceeds to the transfer time of second level treatment furnace less than 30s, air cooling of finally coming out of the stove from first order treatment furnace.
In above-mentioned preparation scheme, to carry out drying before magnalium intermediate alloy, copper powder, rare earth powder are added in stove, and
Preheated, preheating temperature is 200 ~ 230 DEG C.
Solid coverture main component employed in above-mentioned preparation scheme is aluminium sodium fluoride.
In above-mentioned preparation scheme, metal die or casting machine are preheated, preheating temperature is 300-350 DEG C.
The advantages of the present invention are：Compared with prior art, the present invention is added by adjusting alloy element component
Plus aluminium alloy prepared by special element and Technology for Heating Processing, there is good conductivity, air-tightness height, excellent in mechanical performance；
The wearability of this kind of high performance alusil alloy improves 3 ~ 5 times than general material, and under hot conditionss, intensity is high, the coefficient of expansion
Little, dimensional stability is high；The power transmission and transforming equipment in power industry is met to material performance requirement, and the alloy material chi for preparing
Very little, shape is unrestricted, and application scenario and field are extensive.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
A kind of cond aluminium material, formula is：According to mass percent, each element and its content be, silicon Si 8.5%,
Magnesium Mg 1.5%, copper Cu 1.5%, zirconium Zr 0.5%, rare earth 1.0%, inevitable impurity element sum≤0.1% are balance of
Aluminum Al, each component sum are 100%.
In above-mentioned formula, from aluminium-silicon alloys as ingot casting raw material, magnesium is added in the form of magnalium intermediate alloy, copper with
The form of 10 μm of powder is added, and rare earth is added in the form of rare earth powder.
A kind of cond aluminium material preparation method, comprises the steps：
1）Aluminum melting ingot：Aluminium-silicon alloys are added in melting furnace, temperature control melts which at 770 DEG C, are incubated 12 minutes, led to
Addition aluminum or silicon are crossed, makes elemental silicon account for the 8.5% of melt gross mass；
2）Plus magnesium copper：Aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is added in melt again, by adding aluminum or magnesium, makes element magnesium account for the total matter of melt
The 1.5% of amount, then 10 μm of copper powders are added in melt, make elemental copper account for the 1.5% of melt gross mass, and be pressed into carbon cover
In aluminum melt, continuous uniform stirring；
3）Plus zirconium：Industrial zirconium Zr is added into melt, is made element zirconium account for the 0.5% of melt gross mass, is continued stirring until melt equal
Even, temperature control is incubated 15 minutes at 760 DEG C；
4）Plus rare earth：730 DEG C are cooled to, rare earth powder are added, is made rare earth element account for the 1.0% of melt gross mass, treat which fully melts
Refining agent is added toward liquation after change, nitrogen is blown in its bottom carries out purified treatment 20 minutes, porch nitrogen pressure is
2.5kg/cm3, temperature is made during stirring at 720 DEG C, and is skimmed；
5）Casting：Molten surface is covered with solid coverture, temperature control stands 25 minutes at 700 ~ 720 DEG C；Then will system
The liquation Jing chutes for obtaining and defecator are filtered, and are carried out direct casting using dedicated aluminium alloy conticaster, are made aluminium alloy conductor
Material；
6）Quenching：Directly with 60 ~ 70 DEG C of water quenching after the aluminium casting of preparation is inserted temperature 2 hours in 490 ± 5 DEG C of stoves；
7）Ageing Treatment：Foundry goods after quenching is proceeded to temperature is carried out at first order timeliness in 150 DEG C of stove inside holding for 8 hours
Reason, then proceeding to temperature for insulation in 230 DEG C of stoves carries out second level Ageing Treatment for 10 hours, and ensures aluminium casting from the first order
Treatment furnace proceeds to the transfer time of second level treatment furnace less than 30s, air cooling of finally coming out of the stove.
In above-mentioned preparation scheme, to carry out drying before magnalium intermediate alloy, copper powder, rare earth powder are added in stove, and
Preheated, preheating temperature is 230 DEG C.
Solid coverture main component employed in above-mentioned preparation scheme is aluminium sodium fluoride.
In above-mentioned preparation scheme, metal die or casting machine are preheated, preheating temperature is 350 DEG C.
Finally it should be noted that：Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and and
The non-restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also do on the basis of the above description
Go out the change or variation of other multi-forms.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And thus drawn
Among the obvious change stretched out or variation are still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cond aluminium material, it is characterised in that：The formula of the alloy is：According to mass percent, each element and
Its content is, silicon Si 3.5 ~ 18.5%, magnesium Mg 0.05 ~ 2.5%, copper Cu 0.5 ~ 2.5%, zirconium Zr 0.1 ~ 0.6%, rare earth 0.1
~ 1.55%, inevitable impurity element sum≤0.15%, balance of aluminum Al, each component sum are 100%.
2. a kind of cond aluminium material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：From aluminium-silicon alloys as ingot casting
Raw material, 3.5 ~ 18.5%, the magnesium in alloy is added in the form of magnalium intermediate alloy its silicone content scope, the copper in alloy with
The form of 10 μm of powder is added, and the rare earth in alloy is added in the form of rare earth powder.
3. a kind of cond aluminium material preparation method, it is characterised in that the preparation method is comprised the following steps：
1）Aluminum melting ingot：Aluminium-silicon alloys are added in melting furnace, temperature control melts which at 760 ~ 780 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 15
Minute, elemental silicon accounts for the 3.5 ~ 18.5% of melt gross mass；
2）Plus magnesium copper：Aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is added in melt, makes element magnesium account for the 0.05 ~ 2.5% of melt gross mass, then to
10 μm of copper powders are added in melt, are made elemental copper account for the 0.5 ~ 2.5% of melt gross mass, and is pressed in aluminum melt with carbon cover,
Continuous uniform is stirred；
3）Plus zirconium：Industrial zirconium Zr is added into melt, is made element zirconium account for the 0.1 ~ 0.6% of melt gross mass, is continued stirring until melt
Uniformly, temperature control is incubated 10 ~ 15 minutes at 750 ~ 770 DEG C；
4）Plus rare earth：730 DEG C are cooled to, rare earth powder are added, is made rare earth element account for the 0.1 ~ 1.55% of melt gross mass, treat which
Refining agent is added toward liquation after fully melting, and nitrogen or argon are blown in its bottom carries out purified treatment 15 ~ 20 minutes, enters
At mouthful, nitrogen or argon pressure are 1.1 ~ 2.5kg/cm3, temperature is made during stirring between 710 ~ 730 DEG C, and is skimmed；
5）Casting：Molten surface is covered with solid coverture, temperature control stands 20 ~ 30 minutes at 700 ~ 720 DEG C；Then will
Obtained liquation Jing chutes and defecator are filtered, and are carried out metal pattern casting or are carried out continuously using dedicated aluminium alloy conticaster
Casting, makes aluminum-alloy conductor material；
6）Quenching：Directly with 60 ~ 70 DEG C of water quenching after the aluminium casting of preparation is inserted temperature 2 hours in 490 ± 5 DEG C of stoves；
7）Ageing Treatment：Foundry goods after quenching is proceeded to temperature carries out the first order in 6 ~ 8 hours in 120 ~ 150 DEG C of stove inside holding
Ageing Treatment, then proceeding to temperature for insulation in 200 ~ 230 DEG C of stoves carries out second level Ageing Treatment in 8 ~ 10 hours, and ensures aluminum
Foundry goods proceeds to the transfer time of second level treatment furnace less than 30s, air cooling of finally coming out of the stove from first order treatment furnace.
4. a kind of cond aluminium material preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Magnalium intermediate alloy,
Copper powder, rare earth powder will carry out drying before adding in stove, and preheated, and preheating temperature is 200 ~ 230 DEG C.
5. a kind of cond aluminium material preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The solid coverture master
Composition is wanted to be aluminium sodium fluoride.
6. a kind of cond aluminium material preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：In step 5）Cast it
Before, metal die or casting machine are preheated, preheating temperature is 300-350 DEG C.
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| CN201610992786.9A CN106591639A (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | Electroconductive Al alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107022705A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-08 | 马鞍山常裕机械设备有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy castings and its casting method for automobile board |
| CN108048710A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-18 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | A kind of high tough aluminium alloy of extrusion casint and its extrusion casting method |
| CN109136696A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-04 | 倧奇健康科技有限公司 | A kind of infrared radiant material and preparation method thereof and infrared emission substrate |
| CN109207804A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-15 | 湘潭金波新材料科技有限公司 | The preparation method of high-performance aluminium alloy |
| CN112111668A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-22 | 绵阳市优泰精工科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of special aluminum alloy material for high-voltage power transmission and transformation |
| CN112126827A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2020-12-25 | 东莞理工学院 | Al-Si alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112210696A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | 东莞理工学院 | High-strength and high-wear-resistance Al-Si alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| NO20220521A1 (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-11-06 | Norsk Hydro As | AlSiMgX MASTER ALLOY AND USE OF THE MASTER ALLOY IN THE PRODUCTION OF AN ALUMINIUM FOUNDRY ALLOY |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107022705A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-08 | 马鞍山常裕机械设备有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy castings and its casting method for automobile board |
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| CN109136696A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-04 | 倧奇健康科技有限公司 | A kind of infrared radiant material and preparation method thereof and infrared emission substrate |
| CN109136696B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2023-11-03 | 倧奇健康科技有限公司 | Infrared radiation material, preparation method thereof and infrared emission base material |
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| CN112111668A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-22 | 绵阳市优泰精工科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of special aluminum alloy material for high-voltage power transmission and transformation |
| CN112126827A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2020-12-25 | 东莞理工学院 | Al-Si alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112210696A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | 东莞理工学院 | High-strength and high-wear-resistance Al-Si alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112210696B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-02-25 | 东莞理工学院 | High-strength and high-wear-resistance Al-Si alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2022073301A1 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-14 | 东莞理工学院 | Al-si alloy, preparation method for same, and applications thereof |
| NO20220521A1 (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-11-06 | Norsk Hydro As | AlSiMgX MASTER ALLOY AND USE OF THE MASTER ALLOY IN THE PRODUCTION OF AN ALUMINIUM FOUNDRY ALLOY |
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Application publication date: 20170426 |