CN117146256A - Method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy - Google Patents
Method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117146256A CN117146256A CN202311110308.7A CN202311110308A CN117146256A CN 117146256 A CN117146256 A CN 117146256A CN 202311110308 A CN202311110308 A CN 202311110308A CN 117146256 A CN117146256 A CN 117146256A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/39—Apparatus for the preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy, which is characterized in that pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass in a tube side in a carbonization furnace is led into a combustion furnace to be combusted, high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace flows back into a shell side of the carbonization furnace, and the biomass in the tube side in the carbonization furnace is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized by the high-temperature flue gas, so that the pyrolysis gas is self-produced and sold, energy and heat are self-produced and sold, and basically self-circulation is realized, and no external energy is needed or basically needed during carbonization; the low-temperature flue gas carbonized in the shell pass of the carbonization furnace is led into a waste heat boiler, water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and then turns into water vapor, the heat in the low-temperature flue gas is further recovered in a mode of producing the water vapor, and the water vapor has various purposes in a factory; thereby recovering the heat in the system, improving the energy utilization rate and realizing the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the activated carbon production.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of activated carbon production processes, and particularly relates to a method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy.
Background
Activated carbon is a specially treated carbon in which organic raw materials (shells, coal, wood, etc.) are heated in an air-tight condition to reduce non-carbon components (this process is called carbonization), and then reacted with gas, the surface is eroded, and a structure with developed micropores is produced (this process is called activation). Is prepared from solid carbonaceous material (such as coal, wood, hard fruit shell, fruit core, resin, etc.) through high-temp charring at 600-900 deg.C under air-insulating condition, and oxidizing and activating with air, carbon dioxide, water vapour or their mixture at 400-900 deg.C. The activation process is a microscopic process, i.e., the surface erosion of a large number of molecular carbides is punctiform erosion, thus resulting in numerous fine pores on the surface of the activated carbon. The diameter of micropores on the surface of the active carbon is mostly between 2 and 50nm, and the surface area of each gram of active carbon is 500 to 1500m 2 。
The production of the activated carbon also needs to improve the energy utilization rate and also needs to save energy and reduce consumption.
Therefore, how to optimize the production of the activated carbon, improve the energy utilization rate, realize energy conservation and consumption reduction is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:
the production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
and cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere.
Preferably, the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, and comprises an inner pipeline and an outer shell, and carbonized materials produced by a cavity in a tube of the carbonization furnace are transferred into the cavity in the tube of the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor while heating a combustion partition wall to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the tube cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the tube cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water tube in the waste heat boiler absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and becomes water vapor.
Preferably, the biomass comprises wood, coconut shell, palm kernel, and walnut shell.
Preferably, in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 200-220 ℃ in the heating process, then passes through a pyrolysis stage with the temperature of 200-350 ℃ and a softening stage, and finally enters a carbonization stage with the temperature of 350-500 ℃.
Preferably, in the combustion furnace, the air excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.05-1.35, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the air outlet is controlled to be 1000-1200 ℃.
Preferably, in the waste heat boiler, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 500-700 ℃, and the temperature of discharged flue gas is controlled to be 120-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is 132-174 ℃.
Preferably, the spiral blades for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe inner cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe inner cavity are pushed to move from the feeding hole to the discharging hole by the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharging hole of the pipe inner cavity.
Preferably, in the combustion furnace, the activation temperature of the carbonized material in the cavity in the tube is 900-1050 ℃.
The application has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) In the application, pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis in a tube side in the carbonization furnace is led into a combustion furnace to be combusted, the pyrolysis gas is combustible gas, the components of the pyrolysis gas comprise hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon compounds, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and the like, high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace flows back to a shell side of the carbonization furnace, and the biomass in the tube side in the carbonization furnace is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized by the high-temperature flue gas, so that the pyrolysis gas is self-produced and sold, energy and heat are self-produced and sold, and basically self-circulation is realized, and no external energy is needed or basically needed when the biomass in the carbonization furnace is heated, thereby improving the energy utilization rate and realizing energy conservation and consumption reduction of activated carbon production.
(2) According to the application, after the high-temperature flue gas in the carbonization furnace is heated, most heat is absorbed, the heat is obviously reduced, so that the temperature is reduced, the low-temperature flue gas is changed into low-temperature flue gas, further, the low-temperature flue gas is led into the waste heat boiler, water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs the heat of the low-temperature flue gas and then is changed into water vapor, the heat in the low-temperature flue gas is further recovered in a mode of producing water vapor, and the water vapor has various purposes in a factory, so that the heat in the system is further recovered, the energy utilization rate of the whole system is improved, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction of activated carbon production are realized.
(3) The application designs the shell-and-tube structure of the combustion furnace, burns pyrolysis gas in the shell pass, directly heats charring materials in the tube pass by utilizing the combustion of the pyrolysis gas, and activates the charring materials in the tube pass, so that the combustion furnace can burn and activate, fully utilizes the space of a hearth, changes the problem that charring and activating are two separate systems in the existing production, has various and comprehensive functions, can realize charring and activating, and can realize on-site combustion on-site heating, the part of heat does not need to be conveyed for a certain distance, the heat is consumed on site, and the rest of heat is sent into the charring furnace through high-temperature flue gas, thereby further improving the energy utilization rate of the whole system and realizing energy conservation and consumption reduction of active carbon production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to an embodiment of the present application (in fig. 1, the open arrow represents the moving direction of solid materials, the solid black arrow represents the flowing direction of gas, and the sine wave curve represents helical blades);
in the figure: an outer shell of the carbonization furnace 101 and an inner pipeline of the carbonization furnace 102;
an outer shell of the combustion furnace 201, an inner pipe of the combustion furnace 202;
3 waste heat boiler, 301 waste heat boiler's steam drum.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
As shown in fig. 1, in the figure: an outer housing 101 of the carbonization furnace, an inner pipe 102 of the carbonization furnace; an outer housing 201 of the burner, an inner conduit 202 of the burner; waste heat boiler 3, steam drum 301 of waste heat boiler 3.
The application provides a method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy, wherein a production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler 3;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
and the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 is discharged into the atmosphere after being cooled, dedusted, neutralized and scrubbed.
In the application, only pyrolysis gas and air in the combustion furnace are subjected to combustion reaction, so that the space in the combustion furnace is wasted, the function is single, and the generated heat is not used at present, but is required to be changed into high-temperature flue gas and then is conveyed into the carbonization furnace for use by a certain distance, and in the conveying process of the certain distance, the heat loss inevitably exists, so that the energy utilization rate is reduced;
for this reason, in one embodiment of the present application, the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, and the combustion furnace includes an inner pipe and an outer shell, and the carbonized material produced by the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is transferred into the tube cavity in the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler 3 into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, heating a combustion partition wall, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and becomes water vapor;
the application designs the shell-and-tube structure of the combustion furnace, burns pyrolysis gas in the shell pass, directly heats charring materials in the tube pass by utilizing the combustion of the pyrolysis gas, and activates the charring materials in the tube pass, so that the combustion furnace can burn and activate, fully utilizes the space of a hearth, changes the problem that charring and activating are two separate systems in the existing production, has concentrated and comprehensive functions, can realize charring and activating, and can realize on-site combustion on-site heating, the part of heat does not need to be conveyed for a certain distance, the heat is consumed on site, and the rest of heat is sent into the charring furnace through high-temperature flue gas, thereby further improving the energy utilization rate of the whole system and realizing energy conservation and consumption reduction of active carbon production.
In one embodiment of the application, biomass comprises: wood (including fruit wood), coconut shells, palm kernel, and walnut shells.
In one embodiment of the application, in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 200-220 ℃ in the heating process, then passes through a pyrolysis and softening stage with the temperature of 200-350 ℃ and finally enters a carbonization stage with the temperature of 350-500 ℃.
In one embodiment of the application, in the combustion furnace, the air excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.05-1.35, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the air outlet is controlled to be 1000-1200 ℃.
In one embodiment of the application, in the waste heat boiler 3, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 500-700 ℃, and the temperature of the discharged flue gas is controlled to be 120-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 132-174 ℃.
In one embodiment of the application, the spiral blades for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe cavity are pushed to move from the feeding hole to the discharging hole by the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharging hole of the pipe cavity.
In one embodiment of the application, the activation temperature of the char material in the tube cavity in the furnace is 900-1050 ℃.
According to the application, when the production system is started, combustible materials such as natural gas and the like can be combusted in the combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is led into the carbonization furnace to be heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized, and the natural gas is gradually replaced along with the gradual increase of the pyrolysis gas, so that the self-production and self-heating of the pyrolysis gas are realized, and no external energy source is needed or basically needed.
In the application, the waste heat boiler 3 is a boiler which heats water to a certain temperature by utilizing waste heat in waste gas, waste materials or waste liquid in various industrial processes and heat generated by burning combustible substances thereof, and the waste heat boiler 3 can produce hot water or steam for other working sections through waste heat recovery.
The method and the device which are not described in detail in the application are all the prior art and are not described in detail.
The present application will be further specifically illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the application, but rather as falling within the scope of the present application, for some non-essential modifications and adaptations of the application that are apparent to those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
The production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler 3;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere;
biomass includes wood, fruit tree, coconut shell, palm kernel, walnut shell, and the like;
in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 210-220 ℃, then passes through a pyrolysis stage with the temperature of 320-350 ℃ and finally enters a carbonization stage with the temperature of 450-500 ℃ in the heating process;
in a combustion furnace, controlling the air excess coefficient to be 1.25-1.35, and controlling the temperature of high-temperature flue gas at an air outlet to be 1100-1200 ℃;
in the waste heat boiler 3, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 600-700 ℃, and the temperature of discharged flue gas is controlled to be 140-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.6MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 150-160 ℃.
Example 2
The production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler 3;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in a circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere;
the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure and comprises an inner pipeline and an outer shell, and carbonized materials produced by a cavity in a tube of the carbonization furnace are transferred into the cavity in the tube of the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler 3 into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, heating a combustion partition wall, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler 3, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler 3 absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and becomes water vapor;
biomass includes wood, fruit tree, coconut shell, palm kernel, walnut shell, and the like;
in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly passes through a pre-drying stage at 205-215 ℃, then passes through a pyrolysis stage at 320-340 ℃ and a softening stage at 470-490 ℃ in the heating process, and finally enters into a carbonization stage at 470-490 ℃;
in a combustion furnace, controlling the air excess coefficient to be 1.20-1.30, and controlling the temperature of high-temperature flue gas at an air outlet to be 1100-1160 ℃;
in the waste heat boiler 3, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 600-680 ℃, and the temperature of discharged flue gas is controlled to be 130-140 ℃;
controlling the pressure of the generated water vapor to be 0.65MPa-0.7MPa, and controlling the temperature of the generated water vapor to be 155-165 ℃;
spiral blades for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe inner cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe inner cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe inner cavity are pushed to move from a feed inlet to a discharge outlet by the aid of the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharge outlet of the pipe inner cavity;
in the combustion furnace, the activation temperature of the carbonized material in the cavity in the tube is 1000-1050 ℃.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The method for co-producing the activated carbon and the steam and comprehensively utilizing the heat energy is characterized in that a production system comprises a carbonization furnace, a combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler;
the carbonization furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, the carbonization furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner pipeline, biomass is placed in a tube cavity in the carbonization furnace, the biomass in the tube cavity is heated, pyrolyzed and carbonized under the condition of isolating air, and an air outlet of the tube cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the combustion furnace so as to guide pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis into the combustion furnace;
the pyrolysis gas and air are subjected to combustion reaction in a combustion furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas;
the air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with the air inlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, so that high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is guided into the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace carries out dividing wall radiation heating on biomass in the pipe inner cavity to heat the biomass to pyrolysis temperature and carbonization temperature;
the air outlet of the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide low-temperature flue gas generated by the shell inner cavity of the carbonization furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water pipe in the waste heat boiler absorbs heat of the low-temperature flue gas and becomes water vapor;
and cooling, dedusting, neutralizing and scrubbing the flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler, and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere.
2. The method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 1, wherein the combustion furnace is of a shell-and-tube structure, and comprises an inner pipeline and an outer shell, and the carbonized material produced by the cavity in the tube of the carbonization furnace is transferred into the cavity in the tube of the combustion furnace in a thermal state;
the pyrolysis gas burns in the shell cavity in the combustion furnace, and the heat generated by the combustion carries out partition wall heating on the carbonized material in the tube cavity in the combustion furnace;
introducing the water vapor produced by the waste heat boiler into a cavity in a pipe of a combustion furnace, and activating carbonized materials in the combustion furnace by utilizing the water vapor while heating a combustion partition wall to obtain finished activated carbon;
the gas outlet of the tube cavity of the combustion furnace is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler so as to guide the activated waste gas generated by the tube cavity of the combustion furnace into the waste heat boiler, and water in the circulating heat exchange water tube in the waste heat boiler absorbs the heat of the activated waste gas and becomes water vapor.
3. The method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 1, wherein the biomass comprises wood, coconut shell, palm kernel and walnut shell.
4. The method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 1, wherein in the carbonization furnace, biomass firstly goes through a pre-drying stage with the temperature of 200-220 ℃ and then goes through a pyrolysis and softening stage with the temperature of 200-350 ℃ and finally goes into a carbonization stage with the temperature of 350-500 ℃ in the heating process.
5. The method for co-production and comprehensive utilization of heat energy by active carbon and steam according to claim 1, wherein in the combustion furnace, the air excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.05-1.35, and the temperature of high-temperature flue gas at the air outlet is controlled to be 1000-1200 ℃.
6. The method for co-production of active carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 1, wherein in the waste heat boiler, the temperature of low-temperature flue gas at the air inlet is controlled to be 500-700 ℃, and the temperature of the discharged flue gas is controlled to be 120-150 ℃;
the pressure of the generated water vapor is controlled to be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa, and the temperature of the generated water vapor is 132-174 ℃.
7. The method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 2, wherein the spiral blades for conveying the granular materials are arranged in the pipe cavity of the carbonization furnace and the pipe cavity of the combustion furnace, and the granular materials in the pipe cavity are pushed to move from the feeding hole to the discharging hole by the rotating spiral blades and finally discharged from the discharging hole of the pipe cavity.
8. The method for co-production of activated carbon and steam and comprehensive utilization of heat energy according to claim 2, wherein the activation temperature of the carbonized material in the cavity in the tube in the combustion furnace is 900 ℃ to 1050 ℃.
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