CN117117624A - Distributed suspended particle gain module and laser - Google Patents
Distributed suspended particle gain module and laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN117117624A CN117117624A CN202311053694.0A CN202311053694A CN117117624A CN 117117624 A CN117117624 A CN 117117624A CN 202311053694 A CN202311053694 A CN 202311053694A CN 117117624 A CN117117624 A CN 117117624A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000011797 cavity material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/169—Nanoparticles, e.g. doped nanoparticles acting as a gain material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/025—Constructional details of solid state lasers, e.g. housings or mountings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a distributed suspended particle gain module and a laser. Wherein the distributed suspended particle gain module comprises: the gain medium is suspension, the refractive indexes of a solvent and a solute in the suspension are matched, and the solute is solid luminescent particles; a circulation assembly for providing a path and motive force for the circulation flow of the gain medium; and the laminar flow assembly is communicated with the circulating assembly and is used for enabling the gain medium flowing through the laminar flow assembly to form a laminar flow state. The invention uses solid luminous particles as a core gain medium, so that the problem of fluorescent quenching commonly existing in the liquid laser gain medium is avoided to a certain extent, and the laser efficiency is improved; waste heat is taken away rapidly by means of the fluidity of the suspension, so that the thermal effect of the solid laser is overcome effectively, and the thermal effect bottleneck of the traditional solid laser is broken.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a distributed suspended particle gain module and a laser.
Background
As the application demands of high-energy lasers in the fields of national defense, scientific research, medical treatment, communication, industry and the like are increasing, various researches of high-energy lasers are becoming more and more important to researchers in the optical field. Currently, the output power of high-energy lasers is advancing toward 300kW (kilowatts), but the problem of platform suitability of laser weapons is coming in due to the volumetric and weight scale increase of high-energy laser sources. Taking the example of a 60kW fiber laser from loma, the volume is sufficient to accommodate the size of two heavy trucks.
Solid state lasers have excellent laser performance, but due to thermal effect limitations, conventional solid state laser structures, such as thin sheet lasers, slab lasers, etc., have been difficult to meet new demands in terms of power-to-volume (weight) ratio. The liquid laser has excellent thermal management capability, the gain medium has fluid flow heat exchange performance, and compared with the solid laser, the heat dissipation mode has at least 1 to 2 orders of magnitude of efficiency improvement (namely, the chemical laser is flow heat exchange). However, the liquid laser medium generally has the problem of fluorescence quenching, so that the liquid laser has higher technical requirements for realizing high-power and high-quality laser output.
Under the design trend of compact and miniaturized overall structure of the laser system, in order to realize high-efficiency thermal management capability and obtain high-power high-quality laser output, a novel gain module needs to be designed so as to meet the corresponding novel laser construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and the needs of practical applications, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a distributed suspended particle gain module. The distributed suspended particle gain module comprises: the gain medium is suspension, the refractive indexes of a solvent and a solute in the suspension are matched, and the solute is solid luminescent particles; a circulation assembly for providing a path and motive force for the circulation flow of the gain medium; and the laminar flow assembly is communicated with the circulating assembly and is used for enabling the gain medium flowing through the laminar flow assembly to form a laminar flow state. The invention uses solid luminous particles as a core gain medium, so that the problem of fluorescent quenching commonly existing in the liquid laser gain medium is avoided to a certain extent, and the laser efficiency is improved; waste heat is taken away rapidly by means of the fluidity of the suspension, so that the thermal effect of the solid laser is overcome effectively, and the thermal effect bottleneck of the traditional solid laser is broken.
Optionally, the laminar flow assembly comprises: an inlet assembly in communication with the circulation assembly; a layered assembly comprising a plurality of parallel laminar fluid chambers, the layered assembly in communication with the inlet assembly; an outlet assembly in communication with the layered assembly. The invention utilizes a plurality of parallel laminar fluid chambers in the layered assembly, ensures that gain media in any laminar fluid chamber can form a laminar fluid state, and realizes extremely large gain volume in a compact structure. Such a distributed suspended particle gain module helps to build a high beam quality laser with a higher power laser output.
Optionally, the inlet assembly comprises: an inlet flange; an inlet buffer tube, one end of which communicates with the circulation assembly through the inlet flange; the inlet honeycomb device is provided with through holes which are distributed in an array and have uniform size, and the honeycomb device is arranged at one end of the inlet buffer tube, which is away from the inlet flange; and one side of the inlet damping net is attached to one side of the honeycomb device, which is away from the inlet buffer tube, and the other side of the inlet damping net is attached to one end of the laminar flow assembly. Through the inlet design, the gain medium flow can be effectively guided to uniformly enter each laminar fluid cavity, and the problem of thermal safety caused by too small flow of a certain fluid cavity can be avoided.
Optionally, the outlet assembly comprises: an outlet flange; an outlet buffer tube, one end of which communicates with the circulation assembly through the outlet flange; the outlet honeycomb device is provided with through holes which are distributed in an array and have uniform size, and the outlet honeycomb device is arranged at one end of the outlet buffer tube, which is away from the inlet flange; and one side of the outlet damping net is attached to one side of the honeycomb device, which is away from the outlet buffer tube, and the other side of the outlet damping net is attached to the other end of the laminar flow assembly. The invention can effectively ensure the pressure regulation and stable backflow of the fluid by the mirror symmetry arrangement of the inlet component and the outlet component, is beneficial to maintaining the stable flow of the gain medium and improves the efficiency and the performance of the high-power laser.
Optionally, any one of the laminar fluid chambers sequentially comprises: an inlet constriction region, the inlet constriction region having an inlet inner diameter greater than an outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction region; an inlet relaxation zone having an inner diameter everywhere that is consistent with an outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction zone; the flow form of the gain medium in the laminar flow gain area is a laminar flow state, and the inner diameters of all parts of the laminar flow gain area are consistent with the inner diameter of the outlet of the inlet contraction area; an outlet relaxation zone having an inner diameter everywhere that is consistent with an outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction zone; and the inner diameter of an inlet of the outlet diffusion zone is consistent with the aperture of the outlet relaxation zone, and the inner diameter of an outlet of the outlet diffusion zone is larger than the inner diameter of an inlet of the outlet diffusion zone. The design of the laminar fluid cavity provided by the invention effectively forms and maintains the laminar flow state of the gain medium in the laminar fluid cavity through reasonable configuration of the contraction, relaxation and diffusion areas, optimizes the fluid flow, can avoid the degradation of the beam quality caused by turbulence, and is beneficial to realizing stable high-power laser output.
Optionally, the number and positions of the laminar fluid cavities are adapted to the number and positions of the through holes, and the adaptation mode includes the following rules: if the number of the laminar fluid cavities is m, the number of the through holes corresponding to any one of the laminar fluid cavities is n, wherein m is the number of rows of the through holes, and n is the number of columns of the through holes; if the number of the laminar fluid cavities is n, the number of the through holes corresponding to any one of the laminar fluid cavities is m, wherein m is the number of rows of the through holes, and n is the number of columns of the through holes. According to the invention, through the quantity and position adaptation of the laminar fluid cavities and the through holes, effective fluid control and distribution are realized, so that the gain medium flow uniformly enters each laminar fluid cavity, and the local heat dissipation capacity reduction caused by too small flow of a certain fluid cavity can be avoided.
Optionally, the refractive index of the cavity material of the laminar flow fluid cavity at the position of the laminar flow gain region is matched with the refractive index of the gain medium. When laser passes through the optical window and the gain medium with matched refractive indexes at the position of the laminar flow gain region, the interface loss is greatly reduced, the laser conversion efficiency can be effectively improved, and the high-power laser output is facilitated.
Optionally, the gain medium includes Nd 2 O 3 、Nd:Y:CaF 2 、Nd:CaF 2 、Nd:Na:CaF 2 、Nd:YLF、Nd:YAG、Nd:LuAG、Nd:Y 2 O 3 、Nd:Lu 2 O 3 、Nd:Sc 2 O 3 、Nd:glass、Yb 2 O 3 、Yb:Y:CaF 2 、Yb:CaF 2 、Yb:Na:CaF 2 、Yb:YAG、Yb:LuAG、Yb:Y 2 O 3 、Yb:Lu 2 O 3 、Yb:Sc 2 O 3 Or Yb is a suspension of one or more nano solid luminescent particles in glass as solute.
Optionally, the distributed suspended particle gain module further comprises: and the cooling component is used for radiating heat for the gain medium. According to the invention, the gain medium is subjected to real-time heat dissipation through the cooling component, so that the gain medium can work at a constant temperature under a high heat load, and the laser based on the distributed suspended particle gain module can be ensured to run for a long time in a continuous working mode.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a laser comprising: the pumping module is used for generating pumping light, and the pumping light is used for exciting suspended particle gain media in the gain module to form particle number inversion so as to realize energy storage of the gain module; the gain module is used for providing gain for the oscillation laser by utilizing the pump light energy stored in the gain module; and the resonance module is used for forming laser oscillation, extracting energy storage in the gain module to realize laser gain, and transmitting part of oscillation laser to realize laser output. The distributed gain suspended particle laser provided by the invention is a laser developed by utilizing a distributed suspended particle gain module, not only solves the problem of fluorescence quenching of the traditional liquid laser, but also effectively solves the problem of thermal effect of a solid laser by a reserved high-efficiency flow heat exchange mode of the liquid laser, breaks the thermal effect bottleneck of the solid laser and obtains laser output with higher power. The distributed gain suspended particle laser provided by the invention also utilizes the compact and flexible superior characteristics of the distributed suspended particle gain module, so that the overall weight and volume of the laser are greatly reduced, and the purpose of miniaturizing the high-power laser is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a distributed suspended particle gain module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second configuration of a distributed suspended particle gain module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a layered assembly of suspended particles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inlet (outlet) honeycomb and an inlet (outlet) damping network in a distributed suspended particle gain module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a laminar fluid chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a laser structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below, it being noted that the embodiments described herein are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: no such specific details are necessary to practice the invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods have not been described in detail in order not to obscure the invention.
Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" mean: a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included within at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the illustrations are not necessarily drawn to scale.
In an alternative embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a distributed suspended particle gain module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the distributed suspended particle gain module includes: gain medium, circulation component 2, and layering component.
In this embodiment, the gain medium is a suspension, the refractive indexes of the solvent and the solute in the suspension are matched, and the solute is the solid luminescent particle 1.
The matching refers to the same or approximately the same refractive index of the solvent and solute. When the refractive indices of the two solvents and solutes are not matched, light rays are refracted and reflected at the interface between the two substances, thus affecting the laser gain effect.
It should be understood that the core gain medium provided in this embodiment is the solid-state light-emitting particle 1, and the solid-state light-emitting particle 1 not only retains the excellent laser performance of the solid-state laser medium.
Specifically, the gain medium includes a gain medium with Nd 2 O 3 、Nd:Y:CaF 2 、Nd:CaF 2 、Nd:Na:CaF 2 、Nd:YLF、Nd:YAG、Nd:LuAG、Nd:Y 2 O 3 、Nd:Lu 2 O 3 、Nd:Sc 2 O 3 、Nd:glass、Yb 2 O 3 、Yb:Y:CaF 2 、Yb:CaF 2 、Yb:Na:CaF 2 、Yb:YAG、Yb:LuAG、Yb:Y 2 O 3 、Yb:Lu 2 O 3 、Yb:Sc 2 O 3 Or Yb is a suspension of one kind of nano solid luminous particles 1 or a plurality of kinds of nano solid luminous particles 1 in glass as solute.
In other one or some optional embodiments, the laser gain effect of the corresponding gain medium may be further improved by controlling the particle size of the solid light emitting particle 1, modifying the particle surface morphology of the solid light emitting particle 1, and the like.
Meanwhile, the gain medium provided in the present embodiment is also a liquid gain medium having the solid light emitting particles 1 as a solute, and thus, has an excellent flow thermal management capability of the liquid gain medium.
In this embodiment, the circulation assembly 2 is configured to provide a path and motive force for the circulation flow of the gain medium.
It will be appreciated that by the circulation action of the circulation assembly 2, the solid luminescent particles 1 in suspension may be more evenly distributed throughout the medium, thereby achieving a higher laser gain efficiency.
In addition, the circulation action of the circulation assembly 2 also helps to quickly take away the generated heat, effectively alleviating the problem of thermal effects. In order to accelerate the emission of waste heat, in one or some other alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the distributed suspended particle gain module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The distributed suspended particle gain module further comprises: and the cooling component 4 is used for radiating heat to the gain medium by the cooling component 4.
Specifically, the cooling module 4 may be a functional module that performs heat dissipation based on a liquid cooling technology, or may be a functional module that performs heat dissipation based on an air cooling technology or other heat dissipation technologies. In actually adapting the cooling module 4, it is necessary to select an appropriate cooling module 4 by comprehensively considering the heat conduction efficiency, volume, reliability and other factors, so as to ensure that the gain medium can operate at a constant temperature under a high heat load, thereby supporting continuous and stable operation of the laser.
As shown in fig. 2, the gain medium is cooled in real time by the cooling component 4, so that the gain medium can work at a constant temperature under a high thermal load, so as to ensure that the laser based on the distributed suspended particle gain module operates in a continuous working mode for a long time.
In this embodiment, the laminar flow assembly 3 is in communication with the circulation assembly 2, and the laminar flow assembly 3 is configured to form a laminar flow pattern from the gain medium flowing through the laminar flow assembly 3.
Laminar flow is a fluid flow regime where fluid in a laminar flow regime has smooth laminar flow between layers of different velocity without significant swirling or turbulence. The solid luminous particles 1 in the gain medium in the laminar flow state are uniformly distributed, and an effective medium basis is provided for realizing high-efficiency laser gain.
It can be further understood that the optical window of the laser constructed based on the distributed suspended particle gain module is set at the position where the gain medium forms a laminar flow state, so as to ensure high laser gain efficiency.
The distributed suspended particle gain module provided by the embodiment uses the solid luminous particles 1 as a core gain medium, so that the problem of fluorescent quenching commonly existing in the liquid laser gain medium is avoided to a certain extent, and the laser efficiency is improved; waste heat is rapidly taken away by means of the fluidity of the suspension, and the thermal effect of the solid gain module is further powerfully overcome.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a suspended particle layering assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the laminar flow assembly 3 provided in this embodiment sequentially includes: an inlet assembly, a layering assembly and an outlet assembly.
As shown in fig. 3, the inlet assembly communicates with the circulation assembly 2; the layered assembly includes a plurality of parallel laminar fluid chambers 35, the layered assembly being in communication with the inlet assembly; an outlet assembly in communication with the layered assembly.
It should be understood that the laminar flow assembly 3 may be a single layer of laminar flow or may be multiple layers of laminar flow. In this embodiment, to achieve a very large gain volume in a compact structure, the laminar flow assembly 3 utilizes a layered assembly to achieve multiple layers of laminar flow. Further, in this embodiment, the optical window is still disposed at a position where the gain medium forms a laminar flow state, so as to ensure high laser gain efficiency.
In the distributed suspended particle gain module provided in this embodiment, the laminar flow assembly 3 uses a plurality of parallel laminar flow cavities 35 in the layered assembly, so that the gain medium in any one of the laminar flow cavities 35 can form a laminar flow state, and meanwhile, a very large gain volume is realized in a compact structure. Such a distributed suspended particle gain module helps to build a high beam quality laser with a higher power laser output.
Still further, in yet another alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an inlet (outlet) honeycomb and an inlet (outlet) damping net in a distributed suspended particle gain module according to the present invention, and the inlet assembly sequentially includes: an inlet flange 31, an inlet buffer tube 32, an inlet honeycomb 33, and an inlet damping mesh 34.
In this embodiment, one end of the inlet buffer tube 32 communicates with the circulation assembly 2 through the inlet flange 31; the inlet honeycomb device 33 is provided with uniformly distributed array through holes 331, and the honeycomb device is arranged at one end of the inlet buffer tube 32 away from the inlet flange 31; one side of the inlet damping mesh 34 is attached to the side of the honeycomb facing away from the inlet buffer tube 32, and the other side of the inlet damping mesh 34 is attached to one end of the laminar flow assembly 3. Further, as shown in fig. 4, the area of the individual holes of the inlet damping net 34 is smaller than the area of the individual via holes 331 of the inlet honeycomb 33.
The distributed suspended particle gain module in this embodiment, through this inlet design, can effectively guide the gain medium flow into each laminar fluid chamber 35 uniformly, and can avoid the thermal safety problem caused by too small flow in a certain fluid chamber.
To further ensure uniform flow into the plurality of laminar fluid chambers 35, in one or some alternative embodiments, based on the inlet assembly described above, in this embodiment, with the opposite direction of flow of the suspension being the positive direction, the outlet assembly comprises, in order: an outlet flange 39, an outlet buffer tube 38, an outlet honeycomb 37, and an outlet damping mesh 36.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, one end of the outlet buffer tube 38 communicates with the circulation assembly 2 via the outlet flange 39; the outlet honeycomb device 37 is provided with uniformly distributed array through holes, and the outlet honeycomb device 37 is arranged at one end of the outlet buffer tube 38 away from the inlet flange 31; one side of the outlet damping mesh 36 is attached to the side of the honeycomb facing away from the outlet buffer tube 38, and the other side of the outlet damping mesh 36 is attached to the other end of the laminar flow assembly 3. Similarly, further, the individual hole areas of the outlet dampening net 36 are smaller than the area of the individual via holes on the outlet honeycomb 37.
The embodiment or the embodiments can effectively ensure the pressure regulation and stable backflow of the fluid through the mirror symmetry arrangement of the inlet component and the outlet component, are beneficial to maintaining the stable flow of the gain medium and improve the efficiency and the performance of the high-power laser.
To further ensure uniform flow into the plurality of laminar fluid chambers 35, reference is made to fig. 3 and 4, in still other alternative embodiments, either based on the embodiment of the inlet assembly described above or based on the embodiment of the mirror image matching of the inlet and outlet assemblies described above.
In this embodiment, the number and positions of the laminar fluid chambers 35 are adapted to the number and positions of the through holes 331, and the adaptation method includes the following rules: if the number of the laminar fluid chambers 35 is m, the number of the through holes 331 corresponding to any one of the laminar fluid chambers 35 is n, where m is the number of rows of the through holes 331 and n is the number of columns of the through holes 331; if the number of the laminar fluid chambers 35 is n, the number of the through holes 331 corresponding to any one of the laminar fluid chambers 35 is m, where m is the number of rows of the through holes 331, and n is the number of columns of the through holes 331.
Specifically, as illustrated in fig. 4, the dashed line on the inlet cell 33 is a dividing line, the gain medium flowing out from the through hole 331 between any two adjacent dividing lines (including the edges of the cell) corresponds to the same laminar fluid chamber 35, and any of the laminar fluid chambers 35 has the same structural parameters. As shown in fig. 4, the inlet cell 33 has 10×10 via holes 331 therein. Therefore, the number of the laminar fluid chambers 35 is 10, and the number of the through holes 331 corresponding to any one of the laminar fluid chambers 35 is also 10.
The invention realizes effective fluid control and distribution by adapting the number and the positions of the laminar fluid cavities 35 and the through holes, so that the gain medium flow uniformly enters each laminar fluid cavity 35, and the local heat dissipation capacity reduction caused by too small flow of a certain fluid cavity can be avoided.
In order to better form the gain medium into the laminar fluid chamber 35, in one or more alternative embodiments, please refer to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of the laminar fluid chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the distributed suspended particle gain module according to the present invention includes, in order, a laminar fluid chamber 35 in which the flow direction of the suspension is positive: an inlet constriction zone 1, an inlet relaxation zone 2, a laminar flow gain zone 3, an outlet relaxation zone 4, and an outlet diffusion zone 5. In fig. 5, R represents the inner diameter everywhere, and D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 represent the lengths of the inlet constriction region 1, the inlet relaxation region 2, the laminar gain region 3, the outlet relaxation region 4, and the outlet diffusion region 5, respectively.
The inlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction 1 is larger than the outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction 1. The inlet constriction 1 is the initial area of the laminar fluid chamber 35, at the front end in the flow direction. The suspension will gradually contract from a wider inlet to a smaller outlet in this area to help achieve a smooth transition in fluid velocity.
The inner diameter of the inlet relaxation zone 2 everywhere corresponds to the inner diameter of the outlet of the inlet constriction zone 1. The inlet relaxation zone 2 is a region of constant inner diameter that helps smooth the velocity and streamline of the fluid.
The flow form of the gain medium in the laminar flow gain area 3 is a laminar flow state, and the inner diameter of each part of the laminar flow gain area 3 is consistent with the inner diameter of the outlet of the inlet contraction area 1. It will be appreciated that the suspension is capable of maintaining stable laminar flow characteristics in the laminar flow gain region 3 under smoothing action through a section of inlet relaxation region 2 of constant inner diameter.
Further, the optical window of the laser constructed based on the distributed suspended particle gain module is arranged at the position where the gain medium forms a laminar flow state, that is, the optical window is arranged in the laminar flow gain region 3 proposed in the embodiment.
To ensure the interface loss of the laser light in the optical window to improve the laser conversion efficiency, in one or some other alternative embodiments, the refractive index of the cavity material in the laminar fluid cavity 35 at the position of the laminar gain region 3 is matched with the refractive index of the gain medium.
It is further understood that the laminar fluid cavity 35 is provided with an optical window in the laminar gain region 3, and the refractive index of the cavity material at the optical window is matched with the refractive index of the gain medium. When laser passes through the optical window and the gain medium with matched refractive indexes, the interface loss is greatly reduced, and the laser conversion efficiency can be effectively improved.
The inner diameter of the outlet relaxation zone 4 everywhere corresponds to the outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction zone 1. The outlet relaxation zone 4 is also a region of constant inner diameter which helps smooth the velocity and streamline of the fluid.
The inlet inner diameter of the outlet diffusion zone 5 is identical to the pore diameter of the outlet relaxation zone 4, and the outlet inner diameter of the outlet diffusion zone 5 is larger than the inlet inner diameter of the outlet diffusion zone 5. The outlet diffusion zone 5 may facilitate diffusion of fluid from a smaller outlet to a larger outlet, thereby reducing the velocity of the fluid and effecting a slow increase in outlet flow rate.
It will be appreciated that the structural parameters of the laminar fluid chamber 35 (including the inner diameter R and the length D of each region), and in particular the laminar fluid chamber, will have an effect on the flow rate of the incoming suspension and the uniformity of the flow rate.
For either of the laminar fluid chambers, it may be a parallel laminar fluid chamber as illustrated in fig. 1 or fig. 2, i.e. the inner diameter of the fluid chamber is the same, without change. Or a horn-shaped laminar fluid chamber 35 as proposed in the present embodiment. However, the parallel laminar fluid chamber forms a longer relaxation section, which does not meet the miniaturization design trend of the laser and the practical application requirement, and the flow velocity of the suspension liquid at a plurality of positions in any interface perpendicular to the flow velocity direction in the relaxation section has larger difference. While the trumpet-shaped laminar fluid chamber 35 progressively compresses the incoming suspension by means of a reducing method to reduce the length of the relaxation section of the fluid in the fluid chamber.
Further, in the trumpet-shaped laminar fluid chamber 35 according to the present embodiment, specific length parameters of the inlet contraction zone 1, the inlet relaxation zone 2, the laminar gain zone 3, the outlet relaxation zone 4, and the outlet diffusion zone 5 are set, so that particle velocity back-feeding settings at different positions can be measured by a comprehensive particle tracking method.
According to the distributed suspended particle gain module provided by the invention, by the design of the laminar fluid cavity 35 provided by the embodiment, the laminar flow state of the gain medium in the laminar fluid cavity 35 is effectively formed and maintained through reasonable configuration of the contraction, relaxation and diffusion areas, the fluid flow is optimized, the degradation of the beam quality caused by turbulence can be avoided, and the stable high-power laser output is facilitated.
Based on the above-mentioned distributed suspended particle gain module, in an alternative embodiment, the present invention further provides a laser, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a laser structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the laser includes: a pump module 5, a gain module and a resonance module 6.
In this embodiment, the pump module 5 is configured to generate pump light, where the pump light is used to excite the suspended particle gain medium in the gain module to form population inversion, so as to store energy in the gain module.
Further, the choice of pump module 5 is typically based on the characteristics and operating wavelength of the suspended particle gain medium used. For example, if the suspended particle gain medium has a high absorption efficiency for a particular pump wavelength, the pump module 5 may be selected to output laser light at that wavelength. The power and energy density of the pump module 5 needs to be high enough to ensure that the suspended particle gain medium is excited to the desired gain level.
In this embodiment, the gain system is a distributed suspended particle gain module provided in the foregoing embodiment, and the distributed suspended particle gain module is configured to provide gain for the oscillating laser by using pump light energy stored in the distributed suspended particle gain module.
Furthermore, the distributed suspended particle gain module uses the solid luminescent particles 1 as a core gain medium, so that the problem of fluorescent quenching commonly existing in the liquid laser gain medium is avoided to a certain extent, and the laser efficiency is improved; waste heat is rapidly taken away by means of the fluidity of the suspension, and the thermal effect of the solid gain module is further powerfully overcome.
In this embodiment, the resonant module 6 is configured to form laser oscillation, extract energy stored in the gain module to achieve laser gain, and emit part of the oscillation laser to achieve laser output.
Further, the resonant module 6 may employ various techniques and components, such as an output coupling mirror, a half-lens, a fiber coupler, etc. It should be noted that the design objective of the resonator module 6 is to achieve efficient laser output and stability of the optical cavity. It is desirable to ensure that the laser is efficiently coupled out of the optical cavity and that the high quality mode and directivity of the laser is maintained. At the same time, the resonance module 6 may also provide a feedback mechanism for adjusting and optimizing characteristics of the laser output, such as frequency stability and spectral purity.
The distributed gain suspended particle laser provided by the invention is a laser developed by utilizing a distributed suspended particle gain module, not only solves the problem of fluorescence quenching of the traditional liquid laser, but also effectively solves the problem of thermal effect of a solid laser by a reserved high-efficiency flow heat exchange mode of the liquid laser, breaks the thermal effect bottleneck of the solid laser and obtains laser output with higher power. The distributed gain suspended particle laser provided by the invention also utilizes the compact and flexible superior characteristics of the distributed suspended particle gain module, so that the overall weight and volume of the laser are greatly reduced, and the purpose of miniaturizing the high-power laser is achieved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed suspended particle gain module, the distributed suspended particle gain module comprising:
the gain medium is suspension, the refractive indexes of a solvent and a solute in the suspension are matched, and the solute is solid luminescent particles;
a circulation assembly for providing a path and motive force for the circulation flow of the gain medium;
and the laminar flow assembly is communicated with the circulating assembly and is used for enabling the gain medium flowing through the laminar flow assembly to form a laminar flow state.
2. The distributed suspended particle gain module of claim 1, wherein the laminar flow assembly comprises:
an inlet assembly in communication with the circulation assembly;
a layered assembly comprising a plurality of parallel laminar fluid chambers, the layered assembly in communication with the inlet assembly;
an outlet assembly in communication with the layered assembly.
3. The distributed suspended particle gain module of claim 2, wherein the inlet assembly comprises:
an inlet flange;
an inlet buffer tube, one end of which communicates with the circulation assembly through the inlet flange;
the inlet honeycomb device is provided with through holes which are distributed in an array and have uniform size, and the honeycomb device is arranged at one end of the inlet buffer tube, which is away from the inlet flange;
and one side of the inlet damping net is attached to one side of the honeycomb device, which is away from the inlet buffer tube, and the other side of the inlet damping net is attached to one end of the laminar flow assembly.
4. A distributed suspended particle gain module as claimed in claim 3 wherein the outlet assembly comprises:
an outlet flange;
an outlet buffer tube, one end of which communicates with the circulation assembly through the outlet flange;
the outlet honeycomb device is provided with through holes which are distributed in an array and have uniform size, and the outlet honeycomb device is arranged at one end of the outlet buffer tube, which is away from the inlet flange;
and one side of the outlet damping net is attached to one side of the honeycomb device, which is away from the outlet buffer tube, and the other side of the outlet damping net is attached to the other end of the laminar flow assembly.
5. The distributed suspended particle gain module of claim 2, wherein any one of the laminar fluid chambers comprises, in order:
an inlet constriction region, the inlet constriction region having an inlet inner diameter greater than an outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction region;
an inlet relaxation zone having an inner diameter everywhere that is consistent with an outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction zone;
the flow form of the gain medium in the laminar flow gain area is a laminar flow state, and the inner diameters of all parts of the laminar flow gain area are consistent with the inner diameter of the outlet of the inlet contraction area;
an outlet relaxation zone having an inner diameter everywhere that is consistent with an outlet inner diameter of the inlet constriction zone;
and the inner diameter of an inlet of the outlet diffusion zone is consistent with the aperture of the outlet relaxation zone, and the inner diameter of an outlet of the outlet diffusion zone is larger than the inner diameter of an inlet of the outlet diffusion zone.
6. A distributed suspended particle gain module as claimed in claim 3 wherein the number and location of the laminar fluid cavities is adapted to the number and location of the via holes, the adaptation comprising the following rules:
if the number of the laminar fluid cavities is m, the number of the through holes corresponding to any one of the laminar fluid cavities is n, wherein m is the number of rows of the through holes, and n is the number of columns of the through holes;
if the number of the laminar fluid cavities is n, the number of the through holes corresponding to any one of the laminar fluid cavities is m, wherein m is the number of rows of the through holes, and n is the number of columns of the through holes.
7. The distributed suspended particle gain module of claim 4, wherein the refractive index of the cavity material of the laminar fluid cavity at the laminar gain region location matches the refractive index of the gain medium.
8. The distributed suspended particle gain module of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the gain medium comprises Nd 2 O 3 、Nd:Y:CaF 2 、Nd:CaF 2 、Nd:Na:CaF 2 、Nd:YLF、Nd:YAG、Nd:LuAG、Nd:Y 2 O 3 、Nd:Lu 2 O 3 、Nd:Sc 2 O 3 、Nd:glass、Yb 2 O 3 、Yb:Y:CaF 2 、Yb:CaF 2 、Yb:Na:CaF 2 、Yb:YAG、Yb:LuAG、Yb:Y 2 O 3 、Yb:Lu 2 O 3 、Yb:Sc 2 O 3 Or Yb is a suspension of one or more nano solid luminescent particles in glass as solute.
9. The distributed suspended particle gain module of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the distributed suspended particle gain module further comprises:
and the cooling component is used for radiating heat for the gain medium.
10. A laser, the laser comprising:
the pumping module is used for generating pumping light, and the pumping light is used for exciting suspended particle gain media in the gain module to form particle number inversion so as to realize energy storage of the gain module;
the gain module is a distributed suspended particle gain module according to any one of claims 1-9, and the distributed suspended particle gain module is used for providing gain for the oscillation laser by using the pump light energy stored in the gain module;
and the resonance module is used for forming laser oscillation, extracting energy storage in the gain module to realize laser gain, and transmitting part of oscillation laser to realize laser output.
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