CN1259758C - Dual wavelength combination pumping method for disk type laser gain medium and its gain module - Google Patents
Dual wavelength combination pumping method for disk type laser gain medium and its gain module Download PDFInfo
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- CN1259758C CN1259758C CN 200310117181 CN200310117181A CN1259758C CN 1259758 C CN1259758 C CN 1259758C CN 200310117181 CN200310117181 CN 200310117181 CN 200310117181 A CN200310117181 A CN 200310117181A CN 1259758 C CN1259758 C CN 1259758C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a dual wavelength combination pumping method for a disk sheet type laser gain medium and a gain module thereof, which belongs to the technical field of a solid laser with high power. The present invention is characterized in that two kinds of pumping light with different wavelengths are respectively emitted into a disk sheet type laser gain medium from the end surface and the edge of the disk sheet type laser gain medium; the pumping light with high absorption coefficients is emitted from the front end surface or the rear end surface of the disk sheet, and the pumping light with low absorption coefficients is emitted from the edge of the disk sheet. The laser gain medium has a structure with two absorption peaks or a plurality of absorption peaks; the wavelengths of the two kinds of the pumping light with different wavelengths are respectively positioned on two absorption peaks of the absorption spectrum of the laser gain medium. The method of the present invention overcomes the limiting problem that only a single pumping mode can be adopted by a single pumping wavelength; the injected pumping power and the pumping energy density can be greatly improved, the uniformity of the distribution of the pumping energy is effectively improved, the overall absorption efficiency of the laser gain medium is increased, and the beam quality of output laser is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for pumping and gain module thereof of disc shaped gain medium, belong to high power solid state laser
Technical field.
Background technology
The solid state laser process years of development of diode pumping is from the power output aspect or the beam quality aspect has all obtained significant progress.The solid state laser gain medium mainly contains geometric configurations such as lath-shaped, bar-shaped and disc shaped from geometry classification.The axial gradient index laser of rod-shaped laser gain media exists thermal lensing effect and thermal birefringence effect under the high power pump condition, make conversion efficiency descend.The beam quality variation, brightness reduces.In order to overcome thermal lensing effect, developed the slab laser of (Zigzag) light path in a zigzag, but the zigzag light path can only overcome the thermal lensing effect on the lath thickness direction.Though this laser has certain advantage in theory, at present still very low to its degree of recognition, mainly be because its efficient is lower, also there are unfavorable factors such as edge effect and effect of end surface.
The disc shaped gain medium is because the thermal gradient direction is substantially parallel with the laser transmission direction, reduced horizontal temperature gradient simultaneously, therefore solve the contradiction of superpower laser cooling and high power pump to a certain extent, avoided the amplified spont-aneous emission effect.Or slab laser bar-shaped with high power compared, and can obtain higher power output, keeps beam quality preferably simultaneously.
In high power disc shaped gain medium, mainly contain two kinds of pump modes of end pumping and edge pumping, wherein end pumping is divided into front end face pumping and rear end face pumping dual mode.Front end face and rear end face are with respect to the definition of laser outbound course, and the end face at laser output place is called front end face, is called rear end face with the front end face opposing backside surface.In the end pumping mode, pump light incides in the gain medium from the front end face or the rear end face of disc, needs simultaneously to guarantee that gain medium reaches more than 90% the absorption efficiency of pump light.No matter be front end face pumping or rear end face pumping, in order to bring into play the advantage of disk laser, on the laser outbound course, do not produce excessive thermal gradient, the thickness of disc can not be too thick, it is just shorter to absorb the path like this, gain medium must have bigger absorption coefficient to pumping wavelength, could guarantee certain absorption efficient.If gain medium is less to the pumping wavelength absorption coefficient, and disc is very thin, in order to improve pumping efficiency, need make pump light repeatedly pass gain medium, this repeatedly pump mode can utilize a plurality of speculums that pump light is reflected successively and realize, but each speculum all needs accurate adjustment, whole device more complicated, and it is bigger to adjust difficulty.
The disc shaped gain medium also has a kind of edge pump mode except the end pumping mode.The absorption path of the disc shaped laser of edge pumping is long, in order to improve pumping homogeneity, improve absorption efficiency, not all gain medium all is fit to use the edge pumping, and must select the gain medium less to the pump light absorption coefficient, make pump light repeatedly reflect and constantly be absorbed in disc inside.The for example Nd:YAG of 885nm pumping, Nd:GGG, Nd:ED-2Glass, the disc shaped gain mediums such as Yb:YAG, Yb:GGG of the Yb:S-FAP of 905nm pumping and 940nm pumping can adopt the edge pump mode.
Generally adopt single pumping wavelength, single pump mode that the disc shaped gain medium is carried out pumping at present.This single pumping wavelength, single pump mode are unfavorable for improving the pump power of injection, and the uniformity of its pumping is difficult to also guarantee that this makes that the laser of disc shaped gain medium is comparatively difficult to the high power expansion.
Summary of the invention
At the single wavelength of existing disc shaped gain medium, many deficiencies of single pump mode, the present invention proposes a kind of dual wavelength combination method for pumping and gain module thereof at the disc shaped gain medium.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of dual wavelength combination method for pumping of disc shaped gain medium, it is characterized in that: this method is the inside that the pump light of two kinds of different wave lengths is incided gain medium from the end face and the edge of disc shaped gain medium respectively, the pump light of high absorption coefficient is from the front end face or the rear end face incident of disc, and the pump light of low absorption coefficient is from the edge incident of disc; Described gain medium adopts the gain medium with biabsorption peak or many absworption peaks structure; The pumping light wavelength of described two kinds of different wave lengths lays respectively on two absworption peaks of gain medium absorption spectra; The edge of described disc shaped gain medium is high saturating to low absorption coefficient pump light; When the high absorption coefficient pump light when the front end face of disc injects, the front end face of disc is high saturating to high absorption coefficient pump light and output laser, the rear end face of disc is all-trans to high absorption coefficient pump light and output laser; When the high absorption coefficient pump light when the rear end face of disc injects, the rear end face of disc is high saturating and output laser is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light, the front end face of disc is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light and high saturating to output laser.
The present invention also provides a kind of laser gain module of dual wavelength combination method for pumping of disc shaped gain medium, contain pump light source and gain medium, it is characterized in that: the edge plating of described gain medium is to the anti-reflection film of low absorption coefficient pump light, the front end face plating of disc is to the anti-reflection film of high absorption coefficient pump light with output laser, and rear end face plates the film that is all-trans; Or the front end face of disc plating is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light and to the anti-reflection optical thin film of output laser, and the rear end face plating is anti-reflection and optical thin film that output laser is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light; Described pump light source is the light source of two kinds of different wave lengths, and its wavelength lays respectively on two different absworption peaks of gain medium absorption spectra.
Disc shaped gain medium described in the present invention is the gain medium with biabsorption peak or many absworption peaks structure.Its geometric shape is circle or inpolygon.
Disc shaped gain medium described in the present invention, can adopt the gain medium of single even doping, or the compound disc shaped gain medium that adopts thermal bonding technology or growing method to obtain, the core of its compound disc or with heat sink contact portion be the laser material that mixes, remainder is a undoped material, and undoped material is transparent to pump light.
The array that pump light source in the laser gain module of the present invention can adopt wall scroll diode, face battle array diode or be made up of them.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: the dual wavelength combination method for pumping at the disc shaped gain medium provided by the invention is the inside that the pump light of two kinds of different wave lengths is coupled to gain medium from the end face and the edge of disc respectively, overcome the restriction that single pumping wavelength can only adopt single pump mode, can improve the pump power and the pump energy density of injection greatly, can effectively improve the uniformity that pump energy distributes, increase the overall absorption efficient of gain medium, help improving the power output of disc shaped solid state laser, improve the beam quality of output laser, help designing the solid state laser of the high-power and high-lighting beam quality of present urgent need.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a, 1b, 1c are respectively the light path schematic diagram of existing front end face, rear end face and the single pumping wavelength of edge pumping, single pump mode.
Fig. 2 a, 2b are respectively the light path schematic diagram of rear end face provided by the invention and edge, front end face and edge dual wavelength combination method for pumping.
Fig. 3 a, 3b are respectively the circle of single even doping, the structural representation of inpolygon disc shaped gain medium.
The structural representation of the compound disc shaped gain medium of non-doping around Fig. 3 c, 3d mix at the center that is respectively, the non-doping of rear end face doping front end face.
Fig. 4 is applied to the structural representation of the embodiment of master-oscillator power amplifier for the disc shaped gain medium of dual wavelength combination pump mode.
The disc shaped gain medium that Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c are respectively dual wavelength combination pump mode is applied to the structural representation of the embodiment of resonator.
Embodiment
The dual wavelength combination method for pumping of disc shaped gain medium is that the pump light of two kinds of different wave lengths is coupled to gain medium inside from the end face and the edge of disc respectively, is applicable to the gain medium with biabsorption peak or many absworption peaks structure.Gain medium is bigger to the absorption coefficient difference of different wave length pump light, gain medium is called as the high absorption coefficient pump light to the relatively large pump light of absorption coefficient in two kinds of different wave length pump lights, and the less relatively pump light of absorption coefficient is called as low absorption coefficient pump light.The centre wavelength of two kinds of different wave length pump lights lays respectively on two absworption peaks of gain medium absorption spectra.For example laser materials such as Nd:YAG, Nd:GGG, Nd:ED-2Glass respectively have an absworption peak at 808nm and 885nm place respectively, and laser crystal is that the absorption coefficient of pump light of 808nm is relatively large to wavelength, then the pump light of 808nm is called as the high absorption coefficient pump light, and wavelength is that the pump light of 885nm is called as low absorption coefficient pump light.High absorption coefficient pump light (the 808nm pump lights of for example corresponding Nd:YAG, gain mediums such as Nd:GGG, Nd:ED-2Glass) is from the front end face or the rear end face incident of disc shaped gain medium, and low absorption coefficient pump light (the 885nm pump lights of for example corresponding Nd:YAG, laser materials such as Nd:GGG, Nd:ED-2Glass) is from the edge incident of disc.When high absorption coefficient pump light during from the front end face incident of disc, the front end face plating of disc is to the anti-reflection film of high absorption coefficient pump light with output laser, and the rear end face plating of disc is to the be all-trans film of high absorption coefficient pump light with output laser; When high absorption coefficient pump light during from the rear end face incident of disc, the plating of the rear end face of disc is anti-reflection and optical thin film that output laser is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light, and the front end face plating is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light and to the anti-reflection optical thin film of output laser.Like this, pump light passes gain medium twice and is constantly absorbed, and always absorbs the twice that light path is about gain medium thickness.The edge plating is to the anti-reflection film of low absorption coefficient pump light, and absorbing light path is the length of the diameter of gain medium.
The geometric shape of above-mentioned disc shaped gain medium can adopt circle, also can adopt inpolygon, say from material and can adopt single even doping gain medium, the compound disc shaped gain medium that also can adopt thermal bonding technology or growing method to obtain, disc center or disc are dopant materials with the heat sink part that contacts, other parts are undoped materials, and undoped material is transparent to pump light.Constrain in the doped portion of disc and be absorbed be coupled to the inner pump light of gain medium from the edge, reach the higher pump power density and the better purpose of pumping homogeneity.
In addition, the disc shaped gain medium can adopt air-cooled or install heat sink and the type of cooling of cooling system to strengthen dispelling the heat at the rear end face of disc.The structure of preceding a kind of type of cooling is simpler, but its heat-sinking capability is limited; The structure of a kind of type of cooling in back is complicated, but its heat-sinking capability is stronger, is suitable for the occasion of high power pump.In order further to strengthen heat-sinking capability, improve energy conversion efficiency, improve the beam quality of output laser, can also adopt the heat sink device of Micro Channel Architecture.
Further specify principle of the present invention, structure and embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The method for pumping of existing diode pumping disc shaped gain medium has these three kinds of front end face pumping, rear end face pumping and edge pump modes, shown in Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 c, they all belong to the method for pumping of single pumping wavelength, single pump mode respectively.Among the figure, 11 expression disc shaped gain mediums, the direction of 14 expression output laser.The front/rear end of disc is with respect to the end face definition at laser output place, output laser 14 as shown in Figure 1a is from end face 17 outputs, we just call front end face to end face 17, be called rear end face with front end face opposing end faces 15, the side that is clipped between front end face and the rear end face is called edge surface, shown among the figure 16.In Fig. 1 a, the pump light 12 that pump light source 13 is sent is coupled to disc shaped gain medium inside by front end face, is called the front end face pump mode.In Fig. 1 b, the pump light 12 that pump light source 13 is sent is coupled to disc shaped gain medium inside by rear end face, is called the rear end face pump mode.In Fig. 1 c, the pump light 19 that pump light source 18 is sent is coupled to dish disc shaped gain medium inside by the edge of disc, is called the edge pump mode.
The dual wavelength combination method for pumping of disc shaped gain medium provided by the invention has rear end face and edge pumping, front end face and two kinds of combinations of edge pumping pump mode, and their light path schematic diagram is respectively shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b.In these two figure, the end face 17 at output laser 14 places is called front end face, is called rear end face with its opposing end faces, and the side that is clipped between them is called edge surface.Fig. 2 a adopts rear end face and edge dual wavelength combination pump mode, and high absorption coefficient pump light 12 injects from the rear end face of disc 11, and pump light 12 is sent by pump light source 13; Low absorption coefficient pump light 19 injects from the edge of disc 11, and pump light 19 is sent by pump light source 18.13 and 18 can be the laser diode or the optical fiber coupling output laser diode of wall scroll, is directly coupled to gain medium inside, also can be the array that multi-stripe laser diode is formed, and incides gain medium inside by optical coupling system.And pump light source 18 can encapsulate accordingly according to the structure of disc be centered around disc around.Among Fig. 2 a the rear end face of disc plating to pump light 12 anti-reflection and optical thin film that output laser 14 is all-trans, front end face 17 platings are all-trans to pump light 12 and to the anti-reflection optical thin film of output laser 14, the edge surface plating is to the anti-reflection film of pump light 19.Fig. 2 b adopts front end face and edge dual wavelength combination method for pumping, high absorption coefficient pump light 12 injects from the front end face of disc 11, low absorption coefficient pump light 19 injects from the edge of disc 11, the rear end face plating of disc 11 is to pump light 12 and export the optical thin film that laser 14 is all-trans, front end face 16 platings are to the anti-reflection film of pump light 12 and output laser 14, and the edge surface plating is to the anti-reflection film of pump light 19.When pump power is higher, need be heat sink in the rear end face installation of disc, make disc and heat sink tight the contact, by cooling system heat is taken away again.
In the disc shaped gain medium, can cut into different geometries to disc, Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b show the geometry of the disc shaped gain medium of discoid and inpolygon shape.Fig. 3 c and Fig. 3 d show the disc shaped gain medium of complex form, Fig. 3 c is the compound disc shaped gain medium of non-doping around mixing in the center, and 21 and 20 represent doping laser material (as Nd:YAG) and non-doping laser material (as pure YAG) respectively among the figure.Fig. 3 d is the identical double-deck compound disc shaped gain medium of diameter, among the figure 23 and 24 respectively expression mix and the laser material of non-doping, this compound disc shaped gain medium can utilize thermal bonding technology or growing method to obtain.
The disc shaped gain medium of dual wavelength combination pumping both can be used for the oscillator stage of laser, also can be used for the amplifying stage of laser.Fig. 4 shows the basic structure of the laser of a master-oscillator power amplifier structure that adopts the disc shaped gain medium.Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c show the basic structure of the laser oscillator that adopts the disc shaped gain medium.
Laser main oscillations level 26 and laser amplification module 29 have been comprised among Fig. 4.The seed laser 27 that main oscillations level 26 is sent is exported by 28 directions after amplifying through two level laser amplification modules 29.Laser amplification module 29 has adopted rear end face and edge dual wavelength combination pump mode among the figure, also can adopt front edge dual wavelength combination pump mode.The number of laser amplification module can be single or a plurality of.
Laser generation outbound course 30 is consistent with the normal direction of disc among Fig. 5 a, 31 is the laserresonator output coupling mirror, the plating of the rear end face of disc 11 is anti-reflection and optical thin film that output laser is all-trans to high absorption coefficient pump light 12, front end face plating is all-trans to pump light 12 and to the anti-reflection optical thin film of output laser, this structure is fit to adopt rear end face and edge dual wavelength combination method for pumping.The normal direction of laser generation outbound course 33 and disc at angle among Fig. 5 b, 34 and 35 are respectively the total reflective mirror and the output coupling mirror of laserresonator, 36 is the laser outbound course, the plating of the rear end face of gain medium 11 is anti-reflection and optical thin film that output laser is all-trans to pump light 12, front end face plating is all-trans to pump light 12 and to the anti-reflection optical thin film of output laser, this structure can adopt rear end face and edge dual wavelength combination pump mode, also can adopt front end face and edge dual wavelength combination pump mode.Fig. 5 c is the laser oscillator schematic diagram of two gain module serial connections, 37 and 39 are respectively laserresonator total reflective mirror and output coupling mirror, 38 is the endovenous laser orientation of oscillation, 40 is the laser outbound course, laser amplification module 29 has adopted rear end face and edge dual wavelength combination pump mode among the figure, also can adopt front edge dual wavelength combination pump mode, the number of laser gain module serial connection can be two or more a plurality of.
Claims (7)
1. the dual wavelength of a disc shaped gain medium makes up method for pumping, it is characterized in that: this method is the inside that the pump light of two kinds of different wave lengths is incided gain medium from the end face and the edge of disc shaped gain medium respectively, the pump light of high absorption coefficient is from the front end face or the rear end face incident of disc, and the pump light of low absorption coefficient is from the edge incident of disc; Described gain medium adopts the gain medium with biabsorption peak or many absworption peaks structure; The pumping light wavelength of described two kinds of different wave lengths lays respectively on two absworption peaks of gain medium absorption spectra; The edge of described disc shaped gain medium is high saturating to low absorption coefficient pump light; When the high absorption coefficient pump light when the front end face of disc injects, the front end face of disc is high saturating to high absorption coefficient pump light and output laser, the rear end face of disc is all-trans to high absorption coefficient pump light and output laser; When the high absorption coefficient pump light when the rear end face of disc injects, the rear end face of disc is high saturating and output laser is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light, the front end face of disc is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light and high saturating to output laser.
2. according to the described dual wavelength combination of claim 1 method for pumping, it is characterized in that: described pump light can send by wall scroll, face battle array diode or by the array that they are formed, or be directly coupled to gain medium inside, or be coupled to gain medium inside through optical fiber coupling, optical coupling system.
3. the dual wavelength of a disc shaped gain medium makes up the laser gain module of method for pumping, contain pump light source and disc shaped gain medium, it is characterized in that: the edge plating of described gain medium is to the anti-reflection film of low absorption coefficient pump light, the front end face plating of disc is to the anti-reflection film of high absorption coefficient pump light with output laser, and rear end face plates the film that is all-trans; Or the front end face of disc plating is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light and to the anti-reflection optical thin film of output laser, and the rear end face plating is anti-reflection and optical thin film that output laser is all-trans to the high absorption coefficient pump light; Described pump light source is the light source of two kinds of different wave lengths, and its wavelength lays respectively on two different absworption peaks of gain medium absorption spectra.
4. according to the laser gain module of the described method for pumping of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described disc shaped gain medium is the gain medium with biabsorption peak or many absworption peaks structure.
5. according to the described laser gain module of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the geometric shape of described disc shaped gain medium is circle or inpolygon.
6. according to claim 3,4 or 5 described laser gain modules, its characteristics are: described disc shaped gain medium adopts the gain medium of single even doping, or the compound disc shaped gain medium that adopts thermal bonding technology or growing method to obtain, the core of its compound disc or with heat sink contact portion be the gain medium that mixes, remainder is non-doped dielectric, and non-doped dielectric is transparent to pump light.
7. according to the described gain module of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the array that described pump light source adopts wall scroll diode, face battle array diode or is made up of them.
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| CN100435434C (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2008-11-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Disk laser |
| CN101741003B (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2011-06-22 | 北京理工大学 | Cascade 2-mu m solid laser of double-wavelength mixed pumping |
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