CN1170764A - 一种钢质零件的生产方法 - Google Patents
一种钢质零件的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1170764A CN1170764A CN97113118A CN97113118A CN1170764A CN 1170764 A CN1170764 A CN 1170764A CN 97113118 A CN97113118 A CN 97113118A CN 97113118 A CN97113118 A CN 97113118A CN 1170764 A CN1170764 A CN 1170764A
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- induction heating
- heart portion
- carbon content
- solid solution
- heated
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
- C21D2221/10—Differential treatment of inner with respect to outer regions, e.g. core and periphery, respectively
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
具有一个硬而富含碳的表面和一个强韧而低碳的心部的钢质零件的生产方法包括下列步骤:采用一种含有0.3—1.2%C和作为强效碳化物形成剂的合金元素的合金钢,对由这种材料制成的零件进行感应加热,使零件的心部加热到奥氏体区域内的较低范围,从而得到一定的固溶碳含量,而将零件的表层区快速加热到奥氏体区域内较高范围,从而在表层区内造成较高的固溶碳含量。
Description
生产要经受疲劳应力的零件时常用表面淬硬(渗碳)的方法。渗碳可给零件一个硬而富含碳的表面，同时在淬硬和退火后还可得到一个强韧而低碳的心部。这样的零件对磨损和疲劳有极其良好的抗力。所得到的硬度/剩余应力分布图概略地在附图1中示出，从疲劳寿命的观点看，所得到的表面剩余应力是极其有利的。
但表面淬硬程序是一个比较花钱和缓慢的过程，因此曾作过许多次尝试采用感应加热来进行表面淬硬。其时正常使用含碳量较高如为0.5-0.6％的低合金钢，零件的表面区域被快速加热，然后使该零件急冷。所得到的硬度/剩余应力分布图概略地在附图2中示出。
在使用低合金钢的情况下，从表面用感应加热淬硬的零件得到的硬度/剩余应力分布图在某些情况下虽然已可应用，但经常得到的只是有限的接触疲劳强度，并且还会在其他一些疲劳条件下发生问题。造成性能通常低劣的一个因素是在材料表面之下的一个距离上硬度的降低，并且大多数正值的剩余应力也集中在同一深度。当采用一个中等硬度的心部时这种情况特别容易发生。
采用低合金钢进行传统的感应加热时所形成的马氏体差不多可以立即达到全部(充分)碳含量，即0.5-0.6％。因此本发明的目的是要提出一种采用感应加热淬硬的方法，从而得到一个比表面渗碳较少费钱和较快的效果，但却没有早期用感应加热淬硬所遇到的那些缺点。现已获得如同所附权利要求1中所限定的方法。
为了得到这样的效果，现在所提出的方法与表面渗碳相比可以得到相似的结果，即心部固溶碳含量为0.1-0.5％，而表面层碳含量为0.5-1.2％，为此目的而使用的合金钢，即能得出上述结果的合金钢是能够得到的，只要在其中增加强效碳化物形成剂如铬的含量即可，这样奥氏体内固溶碳的含量就能减少，如图3的图解所示。
采用这种含铬的合金钢能够控制并调节心部内的碳含量，办法是使能够形成碳化物的合金具有充分高的含量并在使用这种合金钢时采用一种特殊的感应加热方法，从而心部被加热到一个温度正好在奥氏体的区域内，正常情况为800-1000℃，这样就可达到一个预定的固溶碳含量，并使表面层快速加热到奥氏体区域内的高温，正常情况是900-1200℃，这样在急冷后便可得到一个通过整个零件的固溶碳含量分布图，该图与表面渗碳所得到的图相同，即如图1所示的那样，但没有本文在前言中所说的表面渗碳的那些缺点。最好心部的加热在表面层的加热之前进行，但把这个程序反过来也能得到相同的结果。
这样按照本发明的方法便可达到设定的目标，该方法采用某一种材料例如含有0.3-1.2％C和1-25％Cr的铬钢和某一种热处理程序，该程序使整个零件奥氏体化，但零件的心部和表面层却经历不同的温度周期。
本发明并不仅限于这里所说明的实施例，对方法和钢的成分都可作出修改，并可采用铬以外的其他碳化物形成剂，因此本发明的范围只能以权利要求所限定的范围为准。
Claims (4)
1.具有一个硬而富含固溶碳的表面和一个强韧而低固溶碳的心部的钢质零件的生产方法，其特征在于，
采用一种含有0.3-1.2％C和作为强效碳化物形成剂的合金元素的合金钢，
对由这种材料制成的零件进行感应加热，将零件的心部加热到奥氏体区域内较低范围，从而在心部内造成一定的固溶碳含量，而将零件的表层区快速加热到奥氏体区域内较高的范围，从而在表层区内造成较高的固溶碳含量。
2.如权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，用感应加热将零件的心部区加热到大约800和1000℃之间的温度。
3.如权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，用感应加热将零件的表层区快速加热到约900和1200℃之间的温度。
4.如以上权利要求中任一项的方法，其特征在于，用作强效碳化物形成剂的合金元素为铬，其含量为1-25％。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE96019120 | 1996-05-21 | ||
| SE9601912A SE509205C2 (sv) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Förfarande för tillverkning av en stålkomponent med hård yta och seg kärna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1170764A true CN1170764A (zh) | 1998-01-21 |
| CN1077141C CN1077141C (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
Family
ID=20402624
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97113118A Expired - Fee Related CN1077141C (zh) | 1996-05-21 | 1997-05-20 | 一种钢质零件的生产方法 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5935352A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0808909B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3557327B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1077141C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69719851T2 (zh) |
| SE (1) | SE509205C2 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100415902C (zh) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | 采用碳分配提高钢件表面硬度的方法 |
| CN103080343A (zh) * | 2010-07-02 | 2013-05-01 | Skf公司 | 机械部件和用于表面硬化的方法 |
| CN106801213A (zh) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-06 | 扬州大学 | 一种高性能耐磨输电线路金具及其热处理工艺 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4731740B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-22 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社小松製作所 | モノレバー操作装置 |
| JPWO2006118242A1 (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2008-12-18 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 鋼部材およびその熱処理方法 |
| WO2012002864A1 (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-05 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Bearing component and method for surface hardening |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2326674A (en) * | 1940-07-26 | 1943-08-10 | Simonds Saw And Steel Co | Induction hardening of saw teeth |
| FR1069222A (fr) * | 1952-12-27 | 1954-07-06 | Renault | Procédé de traitement de pièces d'acier par induction électromagnétique |
| AT260976B (de) * | 1963-09-27 | 1968-04-10 | Elin Union Ag | Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von umwandlungsfreien Stählen zur Wiederherstellung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit |
| FR1441317A (fr) * | 1965-07-28 | 1966-06-03 | Kugelfischer G Schaefer & Co | Procédé pour augmenter l'endurance de pièces jumelées accomplissant une rotationou un roulement l'une par rapport à l'autre |
| DE2232932A1 (de) * | 1972-07-05 | 1974-01-24 | Karl Hehl | Verschleiss- und warmfestes werkstueck aus stahl mit gehaerteter oberflaeche zur verwendung als maschinenteil |
| JPS5531171B2 (zh) * | 1972-10-26 | 1980-08-16 | ||
| DE2449237A1 (de) * | 1974-10-16 | 1976-04-29 | Aeg Elotherm Gmbh | Verfahren zur induktiven oberflaechenhaertung von verzahnten werkstuecken |
| JPS5268019A (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1977-06-06 | Kubota Ltd | Roller conveying steel plate |
| JPS5268017A (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1977-06-06 | Kubota Ltd | Roller conveying steel plate |
| JPS52116716A (en) * | 1976-03-27 | 1977-09-30 | Kubota Ltd | Roller for transporting |
| JPH06128700A (ja) * | 1992-10-13 | 1994-05-10 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 高周波焼入れ用マルテンサイト系ステンレス異形棒鋼 |
| JP2937735B2 (ja) * | 1994-02-25 | 1999-08-23 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | 高周波焼入用耐銹・耐摩耗用鋼 |
-
1996
- 1996-05-21 SE SE9601912A patent/SE509205C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-05-14 EP EP97850079A patent/EP0808909B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-14 DE DE69719851T patent/DE69719851T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-16 JP JP14116197A patent/JP3557327B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-19 US US08/858,576 patent/US5935352A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-20 CN CN97113118A patent/CN1077141C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100415902C (zh) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | 采用碳分配提高钢件表面硬度的方法 |
| CN103080343A (zh) * | 2010-07-02 | 2013-05-01 | Skf公司 | 机械部件和用于表面硬化的方法 |
| CN106801213A (zh) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-06 | 扬州大学 | 一种高性能耐磨输电线路金具及其热处理工艺 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9601912D0 (sv) | 1996-05-21 |
| SE9601912L (sv) | 1997-11-22 |
| JPH1053811A (ja) | 1998-02-24 |
| SE509205C2 (sv) | 1998-12-14 |
| JP3557327B2 (ja) | 2004-08-25 |
| CN1077141C (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
| DE69719851D1 (de) | 2003-04-24 |
| EP0808909B1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| US5935352A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
| DE69719851T2 (de) | 2004-03-04 |
| EP0808909A1 (en) | 1997-11-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: SKF CO.,LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: OVAKO STEEL AB Effective date: 20050812 |
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| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20050812 Address after: Gothenburg Patentee after: Aktiebolaget SKF Address before: Swedish Hu Fushi Patentee before: Ovako Steel AB |
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| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20020102 Termination date: 20110520 |