CN117051522A - 一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117051522A CN117051522A CN202311051322.4A CN202311051322A CN117051522A CN 117051522 A CN117051522 A CN 117051522A CN 202311051322 A CN202311051322 A CN 202311051322A CN 117051522 A CN117051522 A CN 117051522A
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- fabric
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料,由第一面和第二面交织制成,所述第一面包括按质量百分比计的棉纤维40‑60%、莱赛尔纤维30‑50%、羊毛纤维3‑10%、薄荷纤维3‑10%;所述第二面包括按质量百分比计的聚酯纤维40‑60%、黄麻纤维20‑35%、棉纤维10‑35%、蚕丝纤维3‑10%、竹炭纤维1‑6%。本发明还公开所述阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法。本发明的有益效果是:通过混纺工艺混合多种纤维的优点,形成了可亲肤干爽及平滑塑型等功能,两面均具有兼顾舒适干爽且抗菌阻燃性能,可以根据使用场景选用不同面,使用场合广泛。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及针织面料领域,具体涉及一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料及制备方法。
背景技术
随着电子设备日益频繁,手机以及平板电脑等终端设备已经成为人民时刻不离身的电子设备,电动汽车也日益成为大家日常代步交通工具。现有电子产品普遍使用自带的锂离子电池供电,锂离子电池在充电以及碰撞时容易爆燃产生火灾。然而现有衣着面料绝大部分关注的是舒适需求,对于面料的阻燃性除了特种面料外,暂未引起太多关注。因此,现有服装面料绝大部分为极其易燃物,其在明火状态下极易快速被引燃,并伴随有熔融、滴落或穿洞等现象,直接烧伤烫伤或者粘附于穿着者皮肤上,穿着者很难快速脱掉并导致严重的烧伤以及烫伤的伤害。
现有技术中,阻燃服是按国家标准GB8965.1-2009设计生产的特种劳动防护用品,虽然该面料具有好的阻燃性,很高的断裂强力、撕破强力、弯曲长度等优点,且对皮肤无不适和过敏反应,但其舒适性及亲肤性极差,因而限制了该面料的使用范围,其主要用于油田、石油化工、加油站、化工、消防等领域,无法适用于目前回归自然的舒适性需求。
申请公布号为CN1 13279106A的中国发明专利申请公开一种混纺纱交织面料及制备方法,所述面料包括交织而成的第一面和第二面,所述第一面包括按重量百分比计的棉纤维50%-60%、粘胶纤维40%-50%;所述第二面包括按重量百分比计的德绒纤维30%-40%,兰精莫代尔纤维25%-35%,棉纤维25%-35%和蚕丝纤维5%-15%。本技术方案为申请人组织研发人员研发的,其通过混纺工艺混合了德绒、莫代尔和蚕丝三种纤维的优点,形成了一种导湿、贮湿、保温的微循环系统,并且该面料的第一面外观平整光滑、第二面贴近皮肤,保暖护肤。虽然本技术方案提供的混纺纱交织面料具有保暖护肤的舒适效果,但其更注重保暖性,不能在运动后的快速干燥,且上述纤维均为易燃物,遇到火灾事故极易燃烧,造成严重伤害;此外,上述面料主要注重保暖性,但导湿及排汗性能不足,适用范围受到限制。
申请公布号为申请公开号为CN110684183A的中国发明专利申请公开一种色纱交织防水阻燃面料的制作方法及产品,解决了现有提花面料存在成本较高,效率低下,耐磨性比一般平纹织物较差等问题。本发明包括以下步骤:1)、纱线制作;2)、坯布织造;3)、斜管前处理;4)、脱水开幅;5)、定型防水;6)、轧光;7)、阻燃色胶涂层。该技术方案利用双色复合丝的优良特性,采用具有良好透气性的织造结构、染整前处理、防水整理、阻燃色胶等工艺技术,克服了现有该类面料织造成本高、耐磨性能差等缺点,使其具有手感柔软、阻燃、防水、立体提花效果等特点。虽然该技术方案通过坯布的涂层布面进行涂层方式提高阻燃合防水性,相应涂层的存在,必然降低布料的亲肤舒适性,并不适用于亲肤面料处理。
面料的亲肤舒适性兼顾一定的阻燃安全性,将是目前面料的发展趋势,也是服装行业亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对以上所述现有技术存在的不足,提供一种兼顾舒适性及防火安全性的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料。
本发明的第二目的是提供所述阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料,由第一面和第二面交织制成,所述第一面包括按质量百分比计的棉纤维40-60%、莱赛尔纤维30-50%、羊毛纤维3-10%、薄荷纤维3-10%;所述第二面包括按质量百分比计的聚酯纤维40-60%、黄麻纤维20-35%、棉纤维10-35%、蚕丝纤维3-10%、竹炭纤维1-6%。
所述第一面的原料制成的混纺纱的支数为60-80S,第二面的原料制成的混纺纱的支数为40-60S。
本发明阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料中的第一面主要以棉纤维作为主体材料,在保持其具有强度高、透气性好优良特性情况下,添加较大含量范围的莱赛尔纤维以改善棉纤维的抗皱性和拉伸性能;添加少量羊毛纤维来提高保暖性、定型效果和良好肤感,赋予面料更高质感;添加少量薄荷纤维使面料具有良好保暖性能前提下,具有天然抗菌功能和通风速干的冷感。第二面主要以聚酯纤维和黄麻纤维两种相对廉价的纤维作为主体材料,其中聚酯纤维具有优异的弹性和耐久性,能够保持面料的形状和尺寸稳定性,加入的黄麻纤维可以改善聚酯纤维的耐磨性、透气性、吸湿性等特;添加少量的棉纤维能够提高面料的舒适性和透气性;添加少量丝纤维用于提高面料的质感和档次;添加少量的竹炭纤维用于改善韧性、耐磨性强、回弹性、吸湿性、放湿性以及透气性,提高凉爽、透气肤感。以上第一面材料和第二面材料按本申请所述制备方法交织制成的面料具有极好的舒适性和保暖性能,同事具有良好的吸湿透气性,且具有极高的质感,可以用于内衣裤、衬衫、运动休闲装、功能服装服饰等多个领域,制得的面料手感舒适、功能性强。上述纤维,可以根据需要面料性能的细微需要,选择不同长大尺寸等参数的相应纤维。
所述阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其包括的步骤如下:
S1:将棉纤维、莱赛尔纤维、羊毛纤维和薄荷纤维纺成第一面纱线,将聚酯纤维、黄麻纤维、棉纤维、蚕丝纤维和竹炭纤维纺成第二面纱线;
S2:将第一面纱线和第二面纱线织成双面坯布;
S3:对双面坯布进行前处理;
S4:防水阻燃处理;
S5:进行后整理,包括开幅、定型及预缩处理等,制得阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料。
所述S1步骤中,制得的第一面纱线为60-80’S纱线;第二面纱线为40-60’S纱线。
所述S2步骤中,优选采用双层织造工艺来织成双面胚布,使其具有更加柔软舒适且保暖通风的优良性能和肤感。
所述前处理包括对双面坯布依次进行预浸泡、第一次水洗、精炼、第二次水洗、酸碱中和、第三次水洗等。
所述预浸泡为将双面坯布置于浸泡液中,在温度为70-90℃,浸泡8-15分钟,浴比为1∶9~13。浸泡目的主要是初步去除双面坯布上的油污与金属离子等杂质,同时起到对双面坯布润温和软化的作用。浸泡液为包括去离子水、浸泡除油剂和螯合分散剂组成,其中浸泡除油剂浓度为1-3g/L,螯合分散剂的浓度为0.5-2g/L。优选的,所述浸泡除油剂可以是鲁道夫化工(东莞)有限公司型号为RUCOGEN DFL的精炼剂,螯合分散剂可以是鲁道夫化工(东莞)有限公司型号为VEROLAN FEX的螯合分散剂。
所述第一次水洗温度为40-45℃,时间为5-15min,浴比为1∶8~10,主要用于初步去除浸泡液及杂质。
所述精炼为使用含有复合精炼剂水溶液在温度55-65℃下进行,时间为30-50分钟,浴比为1∶9~15。精炼可以有效除去双面坯布中带有天然杂质,并使其具有良好吸附性,提高后续防水阻燃工序的处理效果。便于染料的吸附、扩散。
所述复合精炼剂由包括以下浓度的组分组成:
其中,所述精练除油剂优选为潍坊瑞光化工有限公司的型号为RG-Y100的特效去油灵,其具有较强乳化分散性能和良好脱脂性能,能使氢氧化钠迅速进入纤维充分进行乳化、溶解、膨化、萃取等有效去除杂质,且再润湿性好和出游效果也不错。所述螯合分散剂优选广东传化富联精细化工有限公司的型号为TF-51OBA的螯合分散剂,具有良好悬浮作用以及络合能力,可以有效改善水质。所述精练酶优选潍坊瑞光化工有限公司生产的型号为RG-M420的精炼酶,其稳定性好,且低温。所述氧漂稳定剂优选广东传化富联精细化工有限公司型号为TF-122H的多功能稳定剂。
所述第二次水洗温度为25-35℃(可为室温),时间为5-15min,浴比为1∶8~15。
所述酸碱中和为使用的中和液在45-55℃下处理10-30分钟,浴比为1∶8~15。所述中和液由去离子水、乙酸和除氧酶组成,其中,乙酸的浓度为0.1-0.5g/L,除氧酶的浓度为0.1-0.2g/L。所述除氧酶优选广东传化富联精细化工有限公司型号为TF-160B的除氧酶。
所述第三次水洗为先在50-65℃温度下用去离子水洗涤5-15min,然后在30-40℃温度下用去离子水洗涤至中性,浴比为1∶8~15。
所述防水阻燃处理包括的步骤如下:
(1)印制:使用200-240目网框将预处理浆料印制在双面坯布上,在烘房中以105-110℃烘干,赋予双面坯布初步阻燃性能;
(2)预处理:用清洗剂溶液先常温清洗10-20分钟,然后升温60-80℃用混合清洗剂清洗10-20分钟,然后在室温用去离子水清洗5-10分钟,最后在50~60℃下干燥60~72h,得到预处理双面坯布,其中浴比为1∶10~15;
(3)阻燃处理:在45-55℃下浸轧阻燃液,同时施加超声波处理,超声波频率为25~50kHz,功率密度为25~35W/L,浸轧时间为10-20分钟;然后在50-55℃干燥20~30h,进一步巩固阻燃性能;
(4)浸轧:浸轧功能混合液,浸轧时间为16-25分钟,然后在155-165℃烘干定型,赋予双面坯布吸汗速干及抗菌功能。
所述(1)步骤中,所述预处理浆料,由包括以下质量百分数组分制成:
所述预处理浆料的制备方法是将上述组分加入水中,然后研磨20-30分钟,研磨后浆料细度达5μm以下,粘度为8500-10500cps。
其中所述防水剂可以选用上海绿铜物资有限公司的型号为LT-710的织物防水剂,能够有效地防止水分渗透到纺织品内部,从而保护纺织品的质量和使用寿命,同时赋予双面坯布两面都具有防水效果,并保持该面料干爽。所述固化剂选用上海西润化工科技有限公司生产的型号为XR-105的织物涂层固化剂,在防水剂里起架桥作用,使在乙酸调节pH在6.0-6.5的环境下防水剂与织物牢度更加坚固。所述开孔剂可以选用浙江易能感光材料有限公司生产的型号为CSK-40的印花开孔剂,所述开孔剂与防水剂等形成混合均匀的浆体,印花后水洗掉,让防水剂之间形成微孔,使水分及防腐剂更容易透过微孔渗入到双面坯布内部,赋予初步阻燃性能。所述亲水增稠剂选用美国亨斯曼公司生产得型号为RT-BC的亲水增稠剂,使浆料增稠而利于印制后可水洗清除,使双面坯布更亲肤。所述阻燃剂为多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂或者六(1-氧基磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲氧基)环三磷腈(HCPPA),优选为六(1-氧基磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲氧基)环三磷腈(HCPPA)
所述六(1-氧基磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲氧基)环三磷腈(HCPPA)的化学结构式如下:
所述(2)步骤中,所述清洗剂溶液为浓度为1.5-2.5g/L清洗剂水溶液,所述清洗剂优选为广州庄杰化工有限公司的型号为ZJ-RH58的净洗剂。所述混合清洗剂为由包括浓度为1-3g/L的除油剂、浓度为0.5-2g/L的螯合分散剂水溶液。其中,所述除油剂优选为广州杰能纺织科技有限公司销售的型号为JN-PT05-117的除油精练剂,其优良的乳化力、润湿性和渗透力,所述螯合分散剂优选广州庄杰化工有限公司的型号为ZJ-CH02螯合分散剂,具有很强的防白地沾污效果,且还很强的分散、乳化、皂洗能力。
所述(3)步骤中,所述阻燃液为百分比浓度为1-3%阻燃剂溶液,浴比为1∶7~9。其中溶剂优选为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF);阻燃剂选用多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂,其化学结构式为:
所述多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂的合成方法,其包括的步骤如下:
a、将1-氧基磷杂-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(PEPA)和异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯(TGIC)分别溶于反应物总质量的7倍的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中,其中,异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯(TGIC)与1-氧基磷杂-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(PEPA)的摩尔比为1∶5;
b、将1-氧基磷杂-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷溶液加入反应釜中,同时加入三苯基膦或苄基三乙基氯化铵作为催化剂(用量为异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯的1/8mol),在氮气氛围下,搅拌并升温至130℃;
c、将异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯溶液在滴加入反应釜中,然后在氮气氛围下继续反应10h:
d、将上述反应产物除去溶剂,然后用甲醇、乙醇、二氯甲烷等进行洗涤处理,干燥后得到白色粉末状产物。
所述多羟基笼状磷氮协同阻燃剂合成的化学反应方程式如下所示:
所述(4)步骤中,超声波处理为间歇式处理,每超声处理10-30秒后,暂停20-30秒。间歇式超声波处理可以充分利用超声波效应,使阻燃剂渗入双面胚布纤维内部间隙,并可以附着稳固。
所述(4)步骤中,所述功能混合液由包括以下质量分数组分制成:
吸湿排汗剂 2-3%
抗菌剂 2-3%
水 余量。
所述功能混合液的制备方法为将吸湿排汗剂和抗菌剂加入水中,在转速为800-1000rpm搅拌20-30分钟。
所述功能混合液使双面坯布具有吸湿排汗的快干及抗菌防臭功能。其中,所述抗菌剂选用上海赫泰化工有限公司生产的型号为TPM9007的印染抗菌剂;所述吸湿排汗剂为上海赫泰化工有限公司生产的型号为HMW8870的吸湿速干整理剂。
本发明印制步骤中,所述预处理浆料中被分散阻燃剂随着开孔剂渗入双面胚布的纤维间隙中,并附着与纤维表面,而在后续水洗中不会随着开孔剂被洗掉,从而赋予双面胚布初步阻燃性能。在所述预处理浆料中,利用可水洗助剂增稠的防水剂,同时引入固体微粒作为开孔剂并提高增稠能力,水洗后双面胚布上的亲水增稠剂及开孔剂不在残留,而防水剂层有较大微小空隙,既可以防水,又可以让水分子快速渗透和保持部分阻燃剂附着,同时保持双面胚布接触皮肤面干爽,然后浸轧阻燃剂进一步赋予双面胚布阻燃附着层,具有双层阻燃效果,最后浸轧功能混合液,使面料接触皮肤面更快干爽,且具有更进一步的抗菌能力。
与现有技术相比,本申请的有益效果是:
通过混纺工艺混合多种纤维的优点,形成了具有亲肤干爽、平滑塑型等功能面料,两面均具有兼顾舒适干爽且抗菌阻燃性能,可以根据使用场景选用不同面,使用场合广泛;
阻燃性能优良,不易燃烧,当反生火灾时,可以有效避免烧伤烫伤或者粘附于穿着者皮肤上导致的二次伤害;
原料普通易得,可以有效节约生产成本;
工艺简单、工艺控制稳定、可以节省能源且环保安全。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料,由第一面和第二面交织制成,所述第一面包括按质量百分比计的棉纤维50%、莱赛尔纤维35%、羊毛纤维8%、薄荷纤维7%;所述第二面包括按质量百分比计的聚酯纤维45%、黄麻纤维25%、棉纤维17%、蚕丝纤维8%、竹炭纤维5%。
所述阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,工艺流程如图1所示,其包括的步骤如下:
S1:将棉纤维、莱赛尔纤维、羊毛纤维、薄荷纤维纺成第一面纱线,将聚酯纤维,黄麻纤维,棉纤维、蚕丝纤维和竹炭纤维纺成第二面纱线;其中,第一面纱线为70’S纱线,第二面纱线为50’S纱线。
S2:将第一面纱线和第二面纱线采用双层织造工艺织成双面坯布。
S3:对双面坯布进行前处理;所述前处理包括对坯布依次进行浸泡、第一次水洗,精炼、第二次水洗、酸碱中和、除油去蜡和第三次水洗。
所述预浸泡为将双面坯布置于浸泡液中,在温度为75℃,浸泡10钟,浴比为1∶10。所述浸泡液由去离子水、浸泡除油剂和螯合分散剂组成,其中浸泡除油剂浓度为1.5g/L,螯合分散剂的浓度为0.8g/L。所述浸泡除油剂是鲁道夫化工(东莞)有限公司型号为RUCOGENDFL的精炼剂,螯合分散剂是鲁道夫化工(东莞)有限公司型号为VEROLAN FEX的螯合分散剂。
所述第一次水洗为用去离子水在温度为41℃,时间为6min,浴比为1∶9的条件下进行。
所述精炼为使用含有复合精炼剂水溶液在温度56℃下进行,时间为35分钟,浴比为1∶10。其中,所述复合精炼剂由以下浓度的组分组成:
所述精练除油剂为潍坊瑞光化工有限公司的型号为RG-Y100的特效去油灵;所述螯合分散剂为广东传化富联精细化工有限公司的型号为TF-510BA的螯合分散剂;所述精练酶为潍坊瑞光化工有限公司生产的型号为RG-M420的精炼酶;所述氧漂稳定剂为广东传化富联精细化工有限公司型号为TF-122H的多功能稳定剂。
所述第二次水洗为用去离子水在温度为25℃,时间为8min,浴比为1∶10。
所述酸碱中和为使用的中和液在46℃下浸泡洗涤15分钟,浴比为1∶10。所述中和液由去离子水、乙酸和除氧酶组成,其中,乙酸的浓度为0.2g/L,除氧酶的浓度为0.15g/L。所述除氧酶为广东传化富联精细化工有限公司型号为TF-160B的除氧酶。
所述第三次水洗为先在55℃温度下用去离子水洗涤8min,然后在33℃温度下用去离子水洗涤至中性,浴比为1∶10。
S4:防水阻燃处理。
所述防水阻燃处理包括的步骤如下:
(1)印制:使用200目网框将预处理浆料印制在双面坯布上,在烘房中以105℃烘干,赋予双面坯布初步阻燃性能;
所述(1)步骤中,所述预处理浆料,由以下质量百分数组分制成:
所述预处理浆料的制备方法是将上述组分加入水中,然后研磨25分钟,研磨后浆料细度达5μm以下,粘度为9000cps。
其中所述防水剂选用上海绿铜物资有限公司的型号为LT-710的织物防水剂;所述固化剂选用上海西润化工科技有限公司生产的型号为XR-105的织物涂层固化剂;所述开孔剂选用浙江易能感光材料有限公司生产的型号为CSK-40的印花开孔剂;所述亲水增稠剂选用美国亨斯曼公司生产得型号为RT-BC的亲水增稠剂。所述阻燃剂为六(1-氧基磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲氧基)环三磷腈(HCPPA)
(2)预处理:用清洗剂溶液先常温清洗13分钟,然后升温65℃用混合清洗剂清洗13分钟,然后在室温用去离子水清洗5分钟,最后在52℃下干燥62h,得到预处理双面坯布,其中浴比为1∶13。
所述清洗剂溶液为浓度为1.8g/L清洗剂水溶液,所述清洗剂为广州庄杰化工有限公司的型号为ZJ-RH58的净洗剂。所述混合清洗剂为由浓度为1.5g/L的除油剂和浓度为0.8g/L的螯合分散剂组成的水溶液。其中,所述除油剂优选为广州杰能纺织科技有限公司销售的型号为JN-PT05-117的除油精练剂;所述螯合分散剂SEI广州庄杰化工有限公司的型号为ZJ-CHO2螯合分散剂。
(3)阻燃处理:在46℃下浸轧阻燃液,同时施加超声波处理,超声波频率为30kHz,功率密度为28W/L,浸轧时间为13分钟;然后在51℃干燥23h。其中,超声波处理为每超声处理12秒后,暂停25秒的间歇式处理。所述阻燃液为百分比浓度为1.5%阻燃剂溶液,浴比为1∶8。其中溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF);阻燃剂选用多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂。
(4)浸轧:浸轧功能混合液,浸轧时间为18分钟,然后在157℃烘干定型,赋予双面坯布吸汗速干及抗菌功能。
所述功能混合液由包括以下质量分数组分制成:
吸湿排汗剂 2.5%
抗菌剂 2.5%
水 余量。
所述功能混合液的制备方法为将吸湿排汗剂和抗菌剂加入水中,在转速为850rpm搅拌23分钟。所述抗菌剂选用上海赫泰化工有限公司生产的型号为TPM9007的印染抗菌剂;所述吸湿排汗剂为上海赫泰化工有限公司生产的型号为HMW8870的吸湿速干整理剂。
S5:进行后整理,包括开幅、定型及预缩处理等,最后制得阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料。
其中,S2步骤制得双面胚布后,进行检验,根据检测后决定是否需要进一步去油,若有油需要进行去油处理,没有则不需要,将双面胚布的表面绒毛层进行烧毛,去除露于纱线表面的松散纤维以保证织物表面的光洁度,提高产品档次。
实施例2
一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料,由第一面和第二面交织制成,所述第一面包括按质量百分比计的棉纤维55%、莱赛尔纤维45%、羊毛纤维7%、薄荷纤维3%;所述第二面包括按质量百分比计的聚酯纤维53%、黄麻纤维32%、棉纤维10%、蚕丝纤维3.5%、竹炭纤维1.5%。
所述阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,工艺流程如图1所示,其包括的步骤如下:
S1:将棉纤维、莱赛尔纤维、羊毛纤维、薄荷纤维纺成第一面纱线,将聚酯纤维,黄麻纤维,棉纤维、蚕丝纤维和竹炭纤维纺成第二面纱线;其中,第一面纱线为75’S纱线,第二面纱线为55’S纱线。
S2:将第一面纱线和第二面纱线采用双层织造工艺织成双面坯布。
S3:对双面坯布进行前处理;所述前处理包括对坯布依次进行浸泡、第一次水洗,精炼、第二次水洗、酸碱中和、除油去蜡和第三次水洗。
所述预浸泡为将双面坯布置于浸泡液中,在温度为85℃,浸泡13钟,浴比为1∶11。所述浸泡液由去离子水、浸泡除油剂和螯合分散剂组成,其中浸泡除油剂浓度为2.5g/L,螯合分散剂的浓度为1.5g/L。所述第一次水洗为用去离子水在温度为43℃,时间为8min,浴比为1∶10的条件下进行。
所述精炼为使用含有复合精炼剂水溶液在温度63℃下进行,时间为40分钟,浴比为1∶13。其中,所述复合精炼剂由以下浓度的组分组成:
所述第二次水洗为用去离子水在温度为30℃,时间为11min,浴比为1∶12。
所述酸碱中和为使用的中和液在50℃下浸泡洗涤20分钟,浴比为1∶12。所述中和液由去离子水、乙酸和除氧酶组成,其中,乙酸的浓度为0.3g/L,除氧酶的浓度为0.17g/L。
所述第三次水洗为先在60℃温度下用去离子水洗涤12min,然后在35℃温度下用去离子水洗涤至中性,浴比为1∶13。
S4:防水阻燃处理。
所述防水阻燃处理包括的步骤如下:
(1)印制:使用230目网框将预处理浆料印制在双面坯布上,在烘房中以108℃烘干,赋予双面坯布初步阻燃性能;
所述(1)步骤中,所述预处理浆料,由以下质量百分数组分制成:
所述预处理浆料的制备方法是将上述组分加入水中,然后研磨28分钟,研磨后浆料细度达5μm以下,粘度为10000cps。
(2)预处理:用清洗剂溶液先常温清洗18分钟,然后升温75℃用混合清洗剂清洗15分钟,然后在室温用去离子水清洗8分钟,最后在58℃下干燥66h,得到预处理双面坯布,其中浴比为1∶11。
所述清洗剂溶液为浓度为2.4g/L清洗剂水溶液。所述混合清洗剂为由浓度为2g/L的除油剂和浓度为2g/L的螯合分散剂组成的水溶液。
(3)阻燃处理:在50℃下浸轧阻燃液,同时施加超声波处理,超声波频率为45kHz,功率密度为30W/L,浸轧时间为18分钟;然后在54℃干燥26h。其中,超声波处理为每超声处理15秒后,暂停30秒的间歇式处理。
所述阻燃液为百分比浓度为2.5%阻燃剂溶液,浴比为1∶9。其中溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF);阻燃剂选用多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂。
(4)浸轧:浸轧功能混合液,浸轧时间为22分钟,然后在162℃烘干定型,赋予双面坯布吸汗速干及抗菌功能。
所述功能混合液由包括以下质量分数组分制成:
吸湿排汗剂 2.8%
抗菌剂 2.6%
水 余量。
所述功能混合液的制备方法为将吸湿排汗剂和抗菌剂加入水中,在转速为950rpm搅拌25分钟。
S5:进行后整理,包括开幅、定型及预缩处理等,最后制得阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料。
实施例3
一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料,由第一面和第二面交织制成,所述第一面包括按质量百分比计的棉纤维48%、莱赛尔纤维41%、羊毛纤维6%、薄荷纤维5%;所述第二面包括按质量百分比计的聚酯纤维47%、黄麻纤维32%、棉纤维14%、蚕丝纤维4%、竹炭纤维3%。
所述阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,工艺流程如图1所示,其包括的步骤如下:
S1:将棉纤维、莱赛尔纤维、羊毛纤维、薄荷纤维纺成第一面纱线,将聚酯纤维,黄麻纤维,棉纤维、蚕丝纤维和竹炭纤维纺成第二面纱线;其中,第一面纱线为65’S纱线,第二面纱线为55’S纱线。
S2:将第一面纱线和第二面纱线采用双层织造工艺织成双面坯布。
S3:对双面坯布进行前处理;所述前处理包括对坯布依次进行浸泡、第一次水洗,精炼、第二次水洗、酸碱中和、除油去蜡和第三次水洗。
所述预浸泡为将双面坯布置于浸泡液中,在温度为80℃,浸泡10钟,浴比为1∶10。所述浸泡液由去离子水、浸泡除油剂和螯合分散剂组成,其中浸泡除油剂浓度为2g/L,螯合分散剂的浓度为1.5g/L。
所述第一次水洗为用去离子水在温度为42℃,时间为10min,浴比为1∶10的条件下进行。
所述精炼为使用含有复合精炼剂水溶液在温度60℃下进行,时间为45分钟,浴比为1∶12。其中,所述复合精炼剂由以下浓度的组分组成:
所述第二次水洗为用去离子水在温度为32℃,时间为12min,浴比为1∶10。
所述酸碱中和为使用的中和液在52℃下浸泡洗涤15分钟,浴比为1∶10。所述中和液由去离子水、乙酸和除氧酶组成,其中,乙酸的浓度为0.4g/L,除氧酶的浓度为0.16g/L。
所述第三次水洗为先在60℃温度下用去离子水洗涤10min,然后在32℃温度下用去离子水洗涤至中性,浴比为1∶10。
S4:防水阻燃处理。
所述防水阻燃处理包括的步骤如下:
(1)印制:使用220目网框将预处理浆料印制在双面坯布上,在烘房中以107℃烘干,赋予双面坯布初步阻燃性能;
所述(1)步骤中,所述预处理浆料,由以下质量百分数组分制成:
所述预处理浆料的制备方法是将上述组分加入水中,然后研磨25分钟,研磨后浆料细度达5μm以下,粘度为10000cps。
(2)预处理:用清洗剂溶液先常温清洗16分钟,然后升温70℃用混合清洗剂清洗16分钟,然后在室温用去离子水清洗7分钟,最后在56∶下干燥68h,得到预处理双面坯布,其中浴比为1∶13。
所述清洗剂溶液为浓度为2.0g/L清洗剂水溶液。所述混合清洗剂为由浓度为1.6g/L的除油剂和浓度为1.8g/L的螯合分散剂组成的水溶液。
(3)阻燃处理:在53℃下浸轧阻燃液,同时施加超声波处理,超声波频率为38kHz,功率密度为32W/L,浸轧时间为16分钟;然后在53℃干燥28h。其中,超声波处理为每超声处理18秒后,暂停25秒的间歇式处理。
所述阻燃液为百分比浓度为2.0%阻燃剂溶液,浴比为1∶8。其中溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF);阻燃剂选用多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂。
(4)浸轧:浸轧功能混合液,浸轧时间为20分钟,然后在160℃烘干定型,赋予双面坯布吸汗速干及抗菌功能。
所述功能混合液由包括以下质量分数组分制成:
吸湿排汗剂 2.5%
抗菌剂 2.1%
水 余量。
所述功能混合液的制备方法为将吸湿排汗剂和抗菌剂加入水中,在转速为100rpm搅拌22分钟。
S5:进行后整理,包括开幅、定型及预缩处理等,最后制得阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料。
以上实施例中,选用组分均相同,特别的,通过印制步骤和阻燃处理步骤用不同的阻燃剂和不同的阻燃工艺相结合,可以达到有效的阻燃效果。
上述实施例中,在S4步骤前,可以根据需要进行同浴染色,所述同浴染色步骤如下:
A:将经过S3处理后的面料加入溢流染色机,加水后顺序加入螯合剂8108和pH值缓冲剂AC-608,再升温至35℃,运转10分钟;
B:加入阳离子染料,运转15分钟后加入活性染料,运转15分钟后加入元明粉,运转15分钟后以1℃/分钟的速度升温到96℃,运转40分钟;
C:进入交换器降温,降温至50℃后将水排掉,再加60℃的热水水洗15分钟;
D:置入常温水中,顺序加入酸性皂洗剂DM-1531和分散剂DM-1501,然后升温至70℃,运转20分钟,进冷水,溢流,温度降至25℃后排水,再加入冷水水洗10分钟后得到染色后双面面料。
当完成同浴染色后的双色面料在进行S4步骤的防水阻燃处理之前,为了不影响防水阻燃处理效果,有必要重复S3步骤。
效果实验:
阻燃性能测试
根据《GB/T 5454-1997纺织品燃烧性能氧指数法》测量极限氧指数;
测得的结果如下表1所示:
其中,对比例1为实施例2技术方案中未进行S4步骤防水阻燃处理工序制得的双面交织面料。对比例2为实施例2技术方案中S4步骤防水阻燃处理工序的步骤(1)中没有添加阻燃剂制得的双面交织面料。对比例3为实施例2技术方案中S4步骤防水阻燃处理工序中没有第(3)步骤的阻燃处理工艺制得的双面交织面料。对比例4为实施例2技术方案中S4步骤防水阻燃处理工序中在第(3)步骤未施加超声波处理制得的双面交织面料。
由上表数据可知,本发明获得的面料具备良好的保暖性和优良的阻燃性能。通过两个步骤分别用不同工艺掺入不同的阻燃剂,可以有效的提高阻燃性能,满足面料的阻燃需求。同时,掺入的阻燃剂并不影响面料的保暖性。施加超声波处理工艺,超声波效应可以有效的提高阻燃剂发附着。此外,通过浸轧功能混合液具有良好的速干通风性同时兼具优良的保暖性。
抗菌性能测试
根据《GB/T20944.3-2008纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分:振荡法》方法对交织面料进行抗菌测试,实验菌采用大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)(保藏号:ATCC 11229),金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus)((保藏号:ATCC 6538)。
测试结果如表下表2所示:
检测样品 | 大肠杆菌/% | 金黄色葡萄球菌/% |
实施例1 | 98.7 | 99.2 |
实施例2 | 99.1 | 98.9 |
实施例3 | 98.8 | 98.4 |
对比例1 | 81.6 | 82.5 |
其中,对比例1为实施例2技术方案中S4步骤防水阻燃处理工序未进行步骤(4)浸轧处理制得的双面交织面料。
由表2结果可以看出,未用功能混合液浸轧处理的双面交织面料因纤维成分中具有竹炭纤维,因此本身具有比普通面料更好的一定抗菌能力,在经过功能混合液浸轧处理后,双面交织面料的抗菌性能得到极大幅度的改善,可以有效的抗菌防臭。
性能测试
实施例1制得的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料功能测试结果如下表所示:
实施例2制得的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料功能测试结果如下表所示:
实施例3制得的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料功能测试结果如下表所示:
由以上实施例的功能测试可以看出,本发明制得的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料具有优良吸湿排汗性能,且性能持久。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料,其特征在于,由第一面和第二面交织制成,所述第一面包括按质量百分比计的棉纤维40-60%、莱赛尔纤维30-50%、羊毛纤维3-10%、薄荷纤维3-10%;所述第二面包括按质量百分比计的聚酯纤维40-60%、黄麻纤维20-35%、棉纤维10-35%、蚕丝纤维3-10%、竹炭纤维1-6%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料,其特征在于,所述第一面的原料制成的混纺纱的支数为60-80S,第二面的原料制成的混纺纱的支数为40-60S。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括的步骤如下:
S1:将棉纤维、莱赛尔纤维、羊毛纤维和薄荷纤维纺成第一面纱线,将聚酯纤维、黄麻纤维、棉纤维、蚕丝纤维和竹炭纤维纺成第二面纱线;
S2:将第一面纱线和第二面纱线织成双面坯布;
S3:对双面坯布进行前处理;
S4:防水阻燃处理;
所述S3步骤中的防水阻燃处理包括的步骤如下:
(1)印制:使用200-240目网框将预处理浆料印制在双面坯布上,在烘房中以105-110℃烘干;
(2)预处理:用清洗剂溶液先常温清洗10-20分钟,然后升温60-80℃用混合清洗剂清洗10-20分钟,然后在室温用去离子水清洗5-10分钟,最后在50~60℃下干燥60~72h;
(3)阻燃处理:在45-55℃下浸轧阻燃液,同时施加超声波处理,超声波频率为25~50kHz,功率密度为25~35W/L,浸轧时间为10-20分钟;然后在50-55℃干燥20~30h;
(4)浸轧:浸轧功能混合液,浸轧时间为16-25分钟,然后在155-165℃烘干定型。
4.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述前处理包括对双面坯布依次进行预浸泡、第一次水洗,精炼、第二次水洗、酸碱中和、第三次水洗;其中,精炼为使用含有复合精炼剂水溶液在温度55-65℃下进行,时间为30-50分钟,浴比为1∶9~15;
所述复合精炼剂由包括以下浓度的组分组成:
5.根据权利要求4所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所所述第一次水洗温度为40-45℃,时间为5-15min,浴比为1∶8~10;所述第二次水洗温度为25-35℃,时间为5-15min,浴比为1∶8~15。
6.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述酸碱中和为使用的中和液在45-55℃下处理10-30分钟;所述中和液由去离子水、乙酸和除氧酶组成,其中,乙酸的浓度为0.1-0.5g/L,除氧酶的浓度为0.1-0.2g/L。
7.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述预处理浆料,由包括以下质量百分数组分制成:
所述预处理浆料的制备方法是将上述组分加入水中,然后研磨20-30分钟,研磨后浆料细度达5μm以下,粘度为8500-10500cps。
8.根据权利要求7所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述阻燃剂为多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂或者六(1-氧基磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷-4-亚甲氧基)环三磷腈。
9.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述阻燃液为百分比浓度为1-3%阻燃剂溶液,其中溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;阻燃剂为多羟基笼状磷氮阻燃剂。
10.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃速干混纺纱交织面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所超声波处理为间歇式处理,每超声处理10-30秒后,暂停20-30秒。
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