CN117018105B - 一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于糖尿病前期药物技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物及其制备方法,该组合物其主要组分按重量份计为:黄芪20‑40份、黄连10‑20份、山药20‑40份、翻白草20‑40份、地骨皮10‑20份、白桦茸10‑20份、鬼箭羽10‑20份、桑枝10‑20份,该中药组合物补脾益气药与清热活血药相配,补益而不滋腻,清热而不伤正,使瘀热俱去,共奏健脾祛热祛瘀之功,对改善糖耐量减低症状及体征、提高患者生活质量等方面疗效显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于糖尿病前期药物技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
糖耐量减低是介于正常糖耐量和达到糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)诊断之前的一种高血糖状态,属于DM前期的一种。糖耐量减低转变成DM的可能性较高,有研究显示中国每年约有8.2%~11.6%的糖耐量减低患者发展成2型糖尿病(type2 diabetesmellitus,T2DM),就高血糖带来的神经病变、肾病、视网膜病变的并发症,非糖尿病人群患病率分别为3.9%、4%、6.7%,而糖耐量减低人群则分别为11.2%、16%、10%。糖耐量减低被视作DM和心血管疾病的危险因素和标志。胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)和胰岛β细胞功能的进行性丧失是引起糖耐量减低血糖异常升高的主要病因。同时,慢性低度炎症被认为是糖耐量减低的始发因素。糖耐量减低具有高度可逆性,早期干预糖耐量减低可以阻断其进展为DM,延缓DM并发症的发生发展。
目前用于糖耐量减低的西药主要有a-糖苷酶抑制剂、二甲双胍,虽然这类药物可不同程度地降低糖尿病发病风险,但也存在诸多不良反应,故使不少糖耐量减低患者对西药望而却步。中医学认为糖耐量减低属“脾瘅”范畴,此期通过干预治疗具有可逆性,是中医学“治未病”领域的优势病种。《素问·四气调神大论》中说:“圣人不治已病治未病,不治已乱治未乱,此之谓也。”强调对疾病的诊疗要从源头开始,通过预防或对疾病进展过程的阻断达到治疗疾病的目的,而由糖耐量减低发展到糖尿病的过程正可以看作是从“未病”到“已病”的过程,在临床干预上完全可以体现出祖国医学在“治未病”方面的长处。同时从整体观念出发的中药方剂在糖耐量减低的治疗中,也体现出了在调节机体平衡、改善患者中医证候、药物副作用等多个方面的优势。多项研究表明,中药在降低血糖血脂水平、提高胰岛素敏感性、改善胰岛β细胞功能等方面效果显著。中药能够降低糖耐量减低向糖尿病的转化率,且中医药干预措施具有副作用小、疗效确切、易推广等优点,既减轻患者经济负担,又达到中医"治未病"的目的。但是,目前中医药防治糖耐量减低尚缺乏统一有效治疗方案的现状,且有效率仍有待于提高。当前,临床上已有部分中药复方应用于治疗该病,疗效一般,虽然效降低患者血糖,有助于截断或延缓该病进展为糖尿病的进程,但是,在纠正胰岛素分泌紊乱、全面改善患者多项临床症状方面,效果仍然不尽如意。
发明内容
目前中医药防治糖耐量减低尚缺乏统一有效治疗方案,且当前中药复方尚且不能有效纠正胰岛素分泌紊乱、全面改善临床症状。针对该现状,本发明提供了一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物及其制备方法,该组合物以黄芪、黄连、山药、鬼箭羽、翻白草、地骨皮、白桦茸、桑枝等药物组成,补脾益气药与清热活血药相配,补益而不滋腻,清热而不伤正,使瘀热俱去,共奏健脾祛热祛瘀之功,对改善糖耐量减低症状及体征、提高患者生活质量等方面疗效显著。
中医学中并无糖耐量减低这一病名,但随着中医学与现代医学的联系不断深入,多数医家认为糖耐量减低属于糖尿病前期,可归于中医学中“脾瘅”的范畴。“脾瘅”一词出自《内经》,《素问·奇病论》中说:“此五气之溢也,名曰脾瘅……转为消渴”,认为脾瘅即是消渴前兆,恰巧与糖尿病前期的概念相符。消渴之证多“起于中焦”,脾瘅多源于脾失健运。糖耐量减低主要表现为口干口渴,或口中甜腻,脘腹胀满,身重困倦,小便短黄,舌质暗红,苔厚腻或微黄欠润,脉滑数或弦涩。中医经典《素问·奇病论》中阐述"脾瘅"的病因病机为先天之中焦脾虚,后天嗜食肥甘,长此以往,脾虚失于运化,脾气郁遏,生湿蕴热,湿热蕴于脾胃,一虚一实,虚实夹杂,形成脾瘅,故见口甘、肥胖、舌苔腻等症。这些临床表现提示了发明人实际上脾失健运、瘀热阻滞是糖耐量减低的主要病机。
综上所述,发明人秉承从脾论治的观点,认为健运脾胃是关键,通过健脾益气、清热活血,升清降浊之功得复,气血充足,气机运行通畅,则有利于湿浊、瘀血、热毒的祛除,从而达到改善患者糖脂水平,阻断糖耐量减低进展到糖尿病的病机转化的效果。上述为发明人提出的治疗机理,并将其应用到具体治疗过程中:
在上述治疗机理的基础上,结合相关药物作用机理,发明人提供的具体技术方案如下:
一种用于治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,其主要组分按重量份计为:
黄芪20-40份、黄连10-20份、山药20-40份、翻白草20-40份、地骨皮10-20份、白桦茸10-20份、鬼箭羽10-20份、桑枝10-20份。上述用量范围内可以获得最好的治疗效果,药物用量过大或者过小均会导致组方所围绕的病机主次发生变化。
优选地,中药组合物其主要组分按重量份计为:
黄芪24-39份、黄连14-19份、山药21-39份、翻白草21-39份、地骨皮14-19份、白桦茸11-19份、鬼箭羽11-19份、桑枝14-19份。
本发明的方剂中以黄芪、黄连为君,黄芪,甘,微温,具有健脾益气之效;黄连,大苦大寒,清泄而燥,泄降纯阴,善清中焦湿热,两药相配共为君药,益气健脾,清热燥湿,针对糖耐量减低湿热困脾的基本病机。
以山药、翻白草、地骨皮、白桦茸为臣,山药,甘,平,健脾补虚,滋肾益精,益胃阴;翻白草,甘,微苦,平,善清热解毒;地骨皮,甘、寒,清热利湿;白桦茸,味甘,性平,具有清热利湿、活血祛瘀之功。诸药共为臣药,补脾益气与清热利湿共举,兼顾滋阴活血,使祛邪不伤正,利湿不伤阴。
以鬼箭羽为佐,苦,寒,功能破血逐瘀通经。以桑枝为使药,微苦,平,善达四肢经络,通利关节,能将其他药物的药性传达全身。诸药配伍,共奏健脾祛热祛瘀之效。
针对每味药物更为具体的中西方药物机理如下:
黄芪:始见于《五十二病方》,性微温,味甘,归肺、脾经,具有补气升阳,固表止汗,利水消肿等多种功效。黄芪含有多糖、皂苷、黄酮、氨基酸等化学成分。黄芪补气之力尤著,《本草求真》记载:"黄芪,味甘性温,质轻皮黄肉白,故能入肺补气,入表实卫,为补气诸药之最,是以有耆之称。"黄芪多糖通过降低链脲霉素诱导的T2DM大鼠骨骼肌中PTP1B的表达和活性来实现胰岛素增敏和降糖活性,黄芪多糖可以调节胰岛素抵抗骨骼肌中的部分胰岛素信号,并可能成为治疗2型糖尿病的潜在胰岛素增敏剂。
黄连:苦,寒,归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经,清热燥湿,泻火解毒。研究表明,黄连成分槲皮素、帕尔马汀、小檗碱等具有调节糖脂代谢、降低促炎因子、抗氧化、上调葡萄糖转运蛋白4的表达及升高胰岛素的水平作用,进而促进细胞对葡萄糖的摄取,达到降低血糖的目的。
山药:出于唐代·侯宁极《药谱》,甘,平,健脾补虚,滋肾益精,益胃阴。山药多糖具有降血糖作用,同时能增加胰岛素敏感性、改善胰岛素信号转导通路。
鬼箭羽:苦,辛,性寒,归肝、脾经,破血通经,解毒消肿,杀虫。苦寒清泄、入肝经、行血分,有破血通经、祛风杀虫作用。据现代研究,鬼箭羽主要含有鬼箭羽碱、雷公藤碱、卫矛碱、香橙素、卫矛素等成分。可降血糖,并可增加心肌营养性血流量,增加氧和营养物质的供应。
翻白草:始载于《救荒本草》,甘,微苦,平,归肝胃大肠经,清热解毒,止痢,止血。研究表明,翻白草可显著降低空腹血糖和血清胰岛素水平,并且增加胰岛素的敏感指数,可能是通过对细胞的抗氧化和保护作用来治疗血糖升高。
地骨皮:味甘、性寒,具有清热利湿的功效。地骨皮的降糖作用与抑制体内氧自由基的产生、增强抗氧化能力、加速自由基的清除有关,对胰岛损伤有保护或修复作用,,从而恢复胰岛β细胞的功能,增加胰岛素的分泌,达到降低血糖的作用。
白桦茸:味甘,性平,归肺脾肾经,具有清热利湿、祛痰止咳、解毒,活血祛瘀等功效。白桦茸中的活性成分含有降血糖、抗炎、抗氧化等作用,白桦茸多糖可以通过修复受损胰岛B细胞、促进胰岛素分泌等途径来实现降低血糖的作用;白桦茸多糖同时具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,能使促进胰岛素抵抗人肝癌细胞HepG2的葡萄糖消耗量增加。白桦茸水提取物能升高葡萄糖激酶活性,还能降低丙酮酸激酶活性,从而促进糖酵解作用,进一步降低血糖。
桑枝:微苦,性平,归肝经,祛风湿,利关节。《本草备要》称桑枝:利关节,养津液,行水去风。桑枝主要有黄酮类化合物、多糖类化合物、生物碱、鞣质、氨基酸、琥珀酸等化学成分,桑枝总生物碱具有良好的调节脂质代谢、降低血糖、抗炎、抗氧化等效果。
更进一步的,发明人对上述的药物组分进行了合理的优化,最终获得了下述技术方案:该药物的主要组分按重量份计为:
黄芪30份,黄连15份,山药30份,翻白草30份,地骨皮15份,白桦茸15份,鬼箭羽15份,桑枝15份。
在上述药物组成的基础上,发明人进一步提供了其制备及服用方法如下:
首先按原料的配比称出各味中药,之后加水至没过药面3-5厘米为止,浸泡1.5小时,大火煮沸,之后文火煎熬40-50分钟,将药汁过滤出备用,向药渣内再次加水,至没过药渣面1-2厘米为止,大火煮沸,之后文火煎熬20-30分钟,将药汁滤出后与上次药汁合并即得中药煎液。
服用方法:每日1剂,分早晚两次,饭后1-2小时温服。
利用本发明的组方和制备方法获得的药物,应用于临床,疗效是十分显著的,发明人经过大量的试验证明,与现在临床常用的治疗糖耐量减低药物二甲双胍相比,本发明的药物组合物对改善糖耐量减低症状及体征、提高患者生活质量等方面疗效显著。因此本发明的技术方案从理论到临床效果都有明显优势。在实际的病况中,可以选择本发明的组方配合西药(如二甲双胍)共同使用。
综上所述,本发明结合传统中医理论,依据病证结合理论,获得了专用于治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,以健脾祛热祛瘀为主,补脾益气药与清热活血药相配,补益而不滋腻,祛瘀而不伤正,使瘀热俱去,共奏健脾祛热祛瘀之功,对改善糖耐量减低症状及体征、提高患者生活质量等方面疗效显著。
具体实施方式
本发明不受下述实施例的限制,下述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。
实施例1
一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,由以下药物制得:
黄芪30g,黄连15g,山药30g,翻白草30g,地骨皮15g,白桦茸15g,鬼箭羽15g,桑枝15g。
其制备方法如下:
(1)首先按原料的配比称出各味中药,混合均匀,加入1200ml冷水,浸泡1.5小时;
(2)将混合好的原料药用大火煮沸,文火煎煮45分钟,用纱布过滤得到滤液和药渣;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的药渣与550ml热水混合后进行煎煮,所述的热水是温度为80℃的纯净水,大火煮沸,文火煎煮25分钟后再次用纱布过滤得到滤液和药渣;
(4)将步骤(2)中得到的滤液和步骤(3)中得到的滤液混合,即得治疗糖尿病周围神经病变糖耐量减低的中药煎液。
实施例2
一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,由以下药物制得:
黄芪24g,黄连14g,山药21g,翻白草39g,地骨皮14g,白桦茸19g,鬼箭羽11g,桑枝14g。
其制备方法如下:
(1)首先按原料的配比称出各味中药,混合均匀,加入900ml冷水,浸泡1.5小时;
(2)将混合好的原料药用大火煮沸,文火煎煮40分钟,用纱布过滤得到滤液和药渣;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的药渣与400ml热水混合后进行煎煮,所述的热水是温度为80℃的纯净水,大火煮沸,文火煎煮20分钟后再次用纱布过滤得到滤液和药渣;
(4)将步骤(2)中得到的滤液和步骤(3)中得到的滤液混合,即得治疗糖耐量减低的中药煎液。
实施例3
一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,由以下药物制得:
黄芪40g,黄连20g,山药40g,翻白草40g,地骨皮10,白桦茸20g,鬼箭羽20,桑枝20g。
其制备方法如下:
(1)首先按原料的配比称出各味中药,混合均匀,加入1500ml冷水,浸泡1.5小时;
(2)将混合好的原料药用大火煮沸,文火煎煮50分钟,用纱布过滤得到滤液和药渣;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的药渣与600ml热水混合后进行煎煮,所述的热水是温度为80℃的纯净水,大火煮沸,文火煎煮30分钟后再次用纱布过滤得到滤液和药渣;
(4)将步骤(2)中得到的滤液和步骤(3)中得到的滤液混合,即得治疗糖耐量减低的中药煎液。
实验例
1.临床资料
1.1研究对象来源及样本量
本案选取已经确诊糖耐量减低并符合中医证候诊断且需要药物干预的患者共60例,病例资料来自于2020年1月—2022年12月山东中医药大学第二附属医院内分泌科门诊及住院的病人。
1.2诊断标准
1.2.1西医诊断标准
参照1999年WHO制定的糖代谢状态分类标准及《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》(2020版),糖耐量减低诊断标准如下:
空腹血浆血糖(FPG)值<7.0mmol/L;
口服75g葡萄糖后2小时血浆血糖(2hPG)≥7.8mmol/L,并且<11.1mmol/L。
1.2.2中医证候诊断标准
依据2002年制定的《中药新药临床研究指导原则》和2004版《中国中西医结合糖尿病诊疗标准(草案)》,结合临证实际,糖耐量减低“湿热困脾夹瘀”证候诊断标准如下:
主证:脘腹痞满,食少纳呆,渴不欲饮。
次证:头重如裹或头部刺痛,恶心欲吐,气短懒言,四肢麻木或偶有刺痛,大便溏结不爽。
舌脉:舌暗红,苔黄厚腻,脉弦滑。
具备主症2项和次症1项,或主症1项及次症3项,结合舌、脉则可确定。
1.3病例选择标准
1.3.1纳入标准
(1)符合糖耐量减低西医诊断标准;
(2)符合“湿热困脾夹瘀”证诊断标准;
(3)18岁≤年龄≤80岁,性别不限;
(4)受试前1月内未服用治疗糖耐量减低药物、未参与其他试验;
(5)导入期后仍满足糖耐量减低诊断标准;
(6)患者知情同意,自愿受试。
1.3.2排除标准
(1)继发性血糖升高;
(2)妊娠或哺乳期妇女;
(3)对所用中药方中所含中药过敏者、过敏体质者;
(4)肝、肾功能损伤者(ALT/AST≥最大正常值的2.5倍,Cr≥144umol/L);
(5)合并出现心、脑血管病、癌症或其他较重原发性疾病者;
(6)严重外伤、手术或感染者,既往严重精神病史者;
(7)由于各种原因不能配合试验进行者。
1.3.3.脱落、剔除标准
(1)受试者在受试期间发现需服用其他药物进行干预的疾病,不宜继续参与试验;
(2)试验进行中观察到不符合纳入标准,或符合排除标准中任一项;
(3)受试者不愿继续服用本试验药物或擅自服用其他干扰药物;
(4)受试期间失访、自然脱落者。
1.3.4终止标准
(1)受试期间进展为T2DM者;
(2)受试期间发生严重不良反应或过敏反应,经医者判断应终止试验者。
2.研究方法
2.1研究设计
选取符合西医诊断标准的糖耐量减低患者中诊为湿热困脾夹瘀证的患者60例,采用随机数字表法将他们随机化分为试验组和对照组,两组各30例。通过实施例1的药物组合物治疗(应用实施例1的工艺和用量煎煮获得中药煎液200ml,分早晚两次温服,每次100ml)和二甲双胍对比进行临床疗效观察。治疗疗程为12周,观察两组治疗前后患者的糖耐量减低(湿热困脾夹瘀证)诊断量表中医证候量化评分变化、实验值指标变化。疗程结束后将全部数据应用统计学软件SPSS 27.0进行统计学分析处理,比较试验组与对照组治疗前后及两组之间的差异。
2.2治疗方法
2.2.1基础治疗:①糖尿病教育:对患者进行糖耐量减低及DM教育,告知患者糖耐量减低的风险及糖耐量减低与DM的关系,以提高患者依从性;②控制饮食:嘱患者控制每日总能量摄入,清淡饮食,做到少油、少盐、膳食结构合理;③合理运动:根据个人情况选择合适的运动项目,运动项目以有氧运动为主,运动量以体力耐受为度,每周4-5次,每次30-45分钟。
分组治疗:
(1)试验组:
服用实施例1的药物组合物治疗(应用实施例1的工艺和用量煎煮获得药液200ml,分早晚两次温服,每次100ml)。
(2)对照组:
应用二甲双胍1000mg,1日2次,1次500mg,每日餐前30min用温开水送服。(二甲双胍片:药品规格:250mg/片×24片,生产企业:河北天成药业股份有限公司国药准字号:H20031134)。
试验组和对照组观察时间均为12周,后定期随访,了解患者治疗前后主观症状改善情况、实验室检查改善情况及记录其不良反应。
2.3疗效指标
(1)血糖:检测FPG及2hPG。干预开始前、开始后4周、8周及干预结束时各测一次,均检测静脉血糖,干预开始前及干预结束时空腹及餐后血糖采用OGTT试验结果。
(2)口服葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT)及胰岛素释放试验:检测空腹血糖(FPG)、1小时血糖(1h PG)、2小时血糖(2h PG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、1小时胰岛素(1h INS)、2小时胰岛素(2h INS)。治疗前、后各检测一次。
(3)HbA1c:治疗前后各检测一次。
(4)中医证候疗效和积分:治疗前后各统计一次。
(5)血脂(TC、TG、LDL-C):治疗前后各检测一次。
2.4安全性指标
生命体征,肝功能,血常规,电解质,大便常规,心电图等检查;在治疗期间记录药物不良反应。
2.5疗效评定标准
(1)显效:空腹及餐后2h血糖均在正常范围内;
(2)有效:空腹及餐后2h血糖降低,但未恢复正常;
(3)无效:空腹及餐后2h血糖未降低或升高。
2.6中医证候疗效评价标准
疗效指数(n)=(疗前积分-疗后积分)/疗前积分×100%
(1)显效:疗效指数(n)≥70%
(2)有效:30%≤疗效指数(n)<70%
(3)无效:疗效指数(n)<30%
2.7统计学方法
统计分析建立Excel数据库,应用SPSS 27.0统计软件进行数据分析,资料服从正态分布,计量资料以均值士标准差描述,符合方差齐性用t检验,不符合方差齐性用近似t检验;计数资料以率(%)描述,用卡方(χ2)检验;等级资料以及资料不符合正态分布的以中位数、四分位数间距描述,用非参数秩和检验。所有统计学方法均双侧检验,P<0.05时,差异有统计学意义。
3结果与分析
3.1一般资料
所有患者均来自2020年1月—2022年12月山东中医药大学第二附属医院内分泌科门诊及住院的病人,共60例,试验组和对照组各30例,两组治疗过程中均未有病例脱落。
3.1.1人口学数据比较
其中,试验组男性20例,女性10例,平均年龄(51.23±7.20)岁;对照组男性21例,女性9例,平均年龄(51.10±7.45)岁。(见表1)
表1人口学数据比较
注:经单因素方差分析,□P>0.05,经卡方检验△P>0.05,两组间人口学数据无差异,具有可比性。
3.1.2基线比较
表2基线比较
由表2可知,两组间基线数据相比,P>0.05,无统计学差异,可进行比较。
(见表2)
3.2疗效效果
3.2.1两组FPG与2hPG随时间变化比较
表3两组FPG与2hPG随干预时间变化比较
与本组干预前比较,空腹血糖无显著性差异(P>0.05),组间比较,空腹血糖无显著性差异(P>0.05);与本组干预前比较,8周,12周时2hPG显著降低(P<0.05),说明两组干预至8周时均可显著降低2hPG,且继续干预可维持血糖控制效果。(见表3)
3.2.2两组干预前后胰岛素释放比较
表4两组干预前后胰岛素释放比较
两组治疗前FINS、1hINS、2hINS均无显著差异(P>0.05),与治疗前比较,两组治疗后FINS、1h INS、2h INS均明显降低,具有显著性差异(P<0.01),提示两组治疗后均可有效调整胰岛素水平。(见表4)
3.2.3治疗前后OGTT不同时间血糖比较
表5两组治疗前后OGTT各时间点血糖值比较
对照组FPG、2hPG的降低具有统计学差异(P<0.05);试验组1hPG、2hPG的降低具有显著统计学差异(P<0.01);治疗后组间相比,FPG和1hPG两组无明显差别(P>0.05),2hPG具有统计学差异(P<0.05),试验组组均低于对照组。(表5)
3.2.4
两组干预前后糖化血红蛋白比较
表6两组干预前后糖化血红蛋白比较
两组干预后均可降低糖化血红蛋白(P<0.01),且两组降低糖化血红蛋白效果相当,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(表6)
3.2.5治疗前后血脂比较
表7治疗前后血脂比较
与治疗前比较,两组TC、TG、LDL-C均下降,具有显著统计学差异(P<0.01),提示两组均可改善血脂。治疗后组间比较,试验组TG、LDL-C低于对照组,具有统计学差异(P<0.05),试验组效果优于对照组;在降低TC上两组无明显差异(P>0.05),效果相当。(表7)
3.2.6治疗后证候疗效比较
表8治疗后证候疗效比较
注:经秩和检验,P<0.01。
治疗后两组中医证候疗效相比,具有显著性差异(P<0.01),试验组明显疗效优于对照组。(表8)
3.2.7治疗前后证候总积分比较
表9治疗前后证候总积分比较
与治疗前比较,治疗后两组证候总积分均明显降低,具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。治疗后组间比较,试验组总积分明显低于对照组(P<0.01),试验组改善证候效果优于对照组。(表9)
3.3安全性分析
两组在受试期间均未报告严重不良反应,各项指标未显示明显异常,说明本试验用药安全性良好。
具体病例
病例1
刘某,男,35岁,2020年11月5日初诊。主诉:发现血糖升高2月余。现病史:患者2月前经体检发现FPG5.8mmol/L,2hPG10.8mmol/L,自行服用降糖药,效果一般,遂至山东中医药大学第二附属医院内分泌科门诊就诊。现症见:腹型肥胖,身体倦怠,头重头晕,胸闷气短,纳差,饮食无味,食后腹胀,眠可,大便不成形,日2-3行,小便调,舌红苔黄腻,脉沉细。查:FPG 5.7mmol/L,1hPG
12.37mmol/L,2hPG 10.65mmol/L,HbA1c 6.6%,FINS 20.24mU/L,1hINS71.43mU/L,2hINS 43.36mU/L,TC 5.49mmol/L,TG 2.41mmol/L,LDL-C 2.83mmol/L。西医诊断:糖耐量减低;中医诊断:脾瘅,辨证:湿热困脾夹瘀。治法:健脾祛热祛瘀。药方:黄芪30g,黄连15g,山药30g,鬼箭羽15g,翻白草30g,地骨皮15g,白桦茸15g,桑枝15g,煎液(按照实施例1的制备方法煎液),每日1剂200ml,分早晚两次温服,每次100ml,28付;
2020年12月2日复诊:患者自述食欲改善,头重头晕好转,乏力、憋闷感减轻,眠可,小便调,大便偏稀,日2行,舌红苔黄腻,脉沉细。查:FPG 5.6mmol/L,2hPG 9.75mmol/L。上方继服,28付;
2020年12月31日复诊:患者自觉头晕症状消失,气短倦怠明显减轻,纳眠可,二便调,舌淡红,苔黄白腻,脉细。查:FPG 5.4mmol/L,2hPG 8.83mmol/L。上方继服,28付;
2021年1月29日复诊:患者述诸症减轻或消失,纳眠可,二便调,舌淡红苔薄白,脉细,FPG 5.4mmol/L,1hPG 11.51mmol/L,2hPG 8.65mmol/L,HbA1c 5.83%,FINS 16.41mU/L,1hINS 56.24mU/L,2hINS 35.32mU/L,TC 5.03mmol/L,TG 1.98mmol/L,LDL-C 2.33mmol/L,上方继服,7付。
病例2
王某,男,48岁,2021年8月12日初诊。主诉:口干、乏力3月余。现病史:患者1年前经体检发现FPG 5.2mmol/L,2hPG 9.7mmol/L,未经系统治疗,现至山东中医药大学第二附属医院内分泌科门诊就诊。现症见:腹型肥胖,口干喜饮,倦怠乏力,易出汗,偶发头晕,纳一般,食后腹胀,眠可,小便调,大便稀,日1行,舌暗红苔黄腻,脉沉弱。查:FPG 5.3mmol/L,1hPG 11.05mmol/L,2hPG 9.85mmol/L,HbA1c 6.3%,FINS 19.64mU/L,1hINS 69.51mU/L,2hINS
42.47mU/L,TC 5.46mmol/L,TG 2.38mmol/L,LDL-C 2.81mmol/L。西医诊断:糖耐量减低;中医诊断:脾瘅,辨证:湿热困脾夹瘀。治法:健脾祛热祛瘀。药方:黄芪30g,黄连15g,山药30g,鬼箭羽15g,翻白草30g,地骨皮15g,白桦茸15g,桑枝15g,煎液,每日1剂200ml,分早晚两次温服,每次100ml,28付;2021年9月10日复诊:口干、乏力症状改善,腹胀减轻,汗出明显,纳一般,眠可,二便调,舌红苔黄,脉沉细。查:FPG 5.2mmol/L,2hPG9.13mmol/L。上方继服,28付;
2021年10月7日复诊:患者已减重3kg,乏力明显改善,偶有口干,汗出减少,纳眠可,二便调,舌红苔黄,脉沉细。查:FPG 5.2mmol/L,2hPG 8.64mmol/L。上方继服,28付;
2021年11月5日复诊:患者已减重5kg,现诸症缓解或消失,纳眠可,二便调,舌红苔薄白,脉沉。查:FPG 5.0mmol/L,1hPG 10.65mmol/L,2hPG 8.11mmol/L,HbA1c 5.6%,FINS16.26mU/L,1hINS 58.78mU/L,2hINS 38.92mU/L,TC 5.16mmol/L,TG 2.03mmol/L,LDL-C2.11mmol/L。上方继服,7付。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,其特征在于:组分按重量份计为:黄芪20-40份、黄连10-20份、山药20-40份、翻白草20-40份、地骨皮10-20份、白桦茸10-20份、鬼箭羽10-20份、桑枝10-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,其特征在于:组分按重量份计为:黄芪24-39份、黄连14-19份、山药21-39份、翻白草21-39份、地骨皮14-19份、白桦茸11-19份、鬼箭羽11-19份、桑枝14-19份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物,其特征在于:组分按重量份计为:黄芪30份、黄连15份、山药30份、翻白草30份、地骨皮15份、白桦茸15份、鬼箭羽15份、桑枝15份。
4.权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种治疗糖耐量减低的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:具体步骤如下:首先按原料的配比称取各味中药,之后加水没过药面3-5厘米为止,浸泡1.5-2小时,大火煮沸,之后文火煎熬40-50分钟,将药汁过滤出备用,向药渣内再次加水,没过药渣面1-2厘米为止,大火煮沸,之后文火煎熬20-30分钟,将药汁滤出后与上述药汁合并即得。
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